Advances in Filtrationand

Separation Technology

VOLUME 7

System Approach To Separation AndFiltration Process Equipment

Wallace Woon-Fong Leung, Editor

UB/TIB Hannover 89112 012 248

American Filtration Society

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introductory Remarks i

Table of Contents iii

FLUID-PARTICLE FUNDAMENTALS INFILTRATION AND SEPARATION

A 1.1 Pressure Gradients in Flows Through Porous Wire Mesh withNon-Uniform PorosityG. Chase and J. Soma 1

A 1.2 A Numerical Method for Filtration SimulationsA.J. Chamkha and J. Peddieson, Jr 5

A 1.3 Permeability, Liquid and Solid Velocity, and Effective StressVariations in Compressive Cake FiltrationS.A. Wells and R. Dick 9

A1.4 Fine Particle Retention in Forming Fibrous CakesB.V. Ramarao and C. Tien 13

A 1.5 Transit Time Technique for Simultaneous Measurement of Particle Sizeand Velocity in SlurriesM. Assar, V. Kadaba, C. Yurteri, and J. R. Kadambi 25

A 1.6 Adsorption of Some Organic Vapors by NaCl Aerosol ParticlesP.K. Wang, H.M. Lin, and K.H. Leong 30

A 1.7 Numerical Simulation of Particle Trajectories and InterceptionEfficiencies of the Multi-Fiber FiltersZ. Liu and P.K. Wang 34

COLLOIDAL PHENOMENA IN F&S

A2.1 Role of Retained Particles in Particle Deposition: Measurementsand ModellingM. Elimelech and D. Liu 39

A2.2 Factors Affecting Floe Density in Stirred SuspensionsH.J. Chung and J. Gregory 41

A2.3 Flocculation Studies of Contaminated Sediments in the Buffalo River, NYC.W. Smith, R.H. Church and B.J. Scheiner 42

A2.4 Enhanced Filtration of PhosphogypsumB.M. Moudgil and S. Zhu 43

A2.5 The Influence of Surface Forces in the Selective Coagulation ofUltrafines in Low Intensity Magnetic FieldsR. Pugh

Belated papers included in back of proceeding book.

ADVANCES IN GAS PARTICLE SEPARATION TECHNOLOGY

A3.1 Research on Automotive Cabin Air FiltersK. Rubow, and B. Liu 44

A3.2 Aerosol Filtration with Steel Fiber FiltersW. Bergman, K. Wilson, G. Larsen, R. Lopez, and I. Corey *50

A3.3 Aerosol Deposition in Granular Media - A Simulation StudyY.W. Jung and C. Tien 51

A3.4 Gas Cleaning by Utilization of a New Concept of ParticleSeparation Based on Turbulent Transport and GravityF.A.L. Dullien, W. Kwan, and A. Collins 52

ADVANCES IN CYCLONING

A4.1 In-Situ Testing of Plant Separators and Their Subsequent Usefor On-Line Monitoring of Particle SizeL. Svarovsky and J. Svarovsky 56

A4.2 Separation of Coal-Oil Agglomerates in a HydrocycloneS. Yu and S.H. Chiang 61

A4.3 Application of Agglomeration Model to the Cyclone Separationof Cohesive ParticlesD.S. Schuster and S. Desikan 65

NOVEL SEPARATION AND DEWATERING TECHNIQUES/EQUffMENT

A5.1 Recent Developments in S/L Separation TechnologyH.S. Muralidhara 66

A5.2 Heavy Metal Removal with the Gore Backpulse/duPont-Oberlin(Site) TechnologyE. Mayer 67

A5.3 Lime Sludge DewateringR.J. Sturt 68

A5.4 Metal Finishing Wastewater Pressure Filter OptimizationS.W. Norford, G.A. Diener, and H.L. Martin *69

A5.5 New Horizons in the Filter Press TechnologyW. Rummel 70

A5.6 The Membrane Belt Filter: An Innovative Breakthrough inSolid-Liquid SeparationJ. Cruver and C. Lee *71

A5.7 Two-Stage Dewatering Reduces Filter SizingS. Davis 72

ELECTRICALLY ENHANCED F&S

A6.1 Review of Theory and Practice of Electrostatic PrecipitatorsD. Pontius 73

A6.2 Characterizing Light Basis Weight Electret Filter Media inthe 0.1 to 7 urn Particle Size RangeZ. Zhang 77

A6.3 Recent Developments in Electrostatic PrecipitatorsR. Crynack 82

A6.4 Continuous Production of High Purity Water Using ElectrodeionizationM. Accomazzo 83

A6.5 The Use and Evaluation of Electrostatic Oil FiltrationD. Robertson 87

A6.6 Electric-Field Enhanced Solvent ExtractionO. Basaran, T. Scott, D. DePaoli, and M. Harris 96

FILTER MEDIA AND FILTER AIDS

A7.1 Recent Development of Metal Fiber Filter Media in FineGas and Polymer FiltrationR. De Bruyne 97

A7.2 A Generalization of the Darcy Equation to RepresentTransient Filter BehaviorN.H. Andreas 102

A7.3 Characteristics of Perlite FilteraidsW. G. Blunt 106

A7.4 High Density Filter Aids Can Save You MoneyR. S. Rieber 110

A7.5 Polymer Melt Filtration PrinciplesT. Black *

A7.6 High Performance Functional Paper for Use as Filter MediaD. Stepuszek and J. Hirose I l l

SPECIAL TOPICS ON FILTER MEDIA

A8.1 Pore Size and Permeability of Cellulosic Filtration MediaK.J. Choi 115

A8.2 Microfiltration Applications with Flash-Spun Polyolefin Filter MediaH.S. Lim and P.S. Kochar 119

A8.3 Meltblowing Web Products for FiltrationC.B. Hassesboehler and L.C.Wadsworth 129

A8.4 High Temperature Ceramic Fiber in Filtration ApplicationsA. C. Ferguson 133

A8.5 Vehicle Interior Air Filters-A Tough New MarketA.H. Cashin 142

A8.6 The Effect of Different Shaped Cross-Sectional Microfibers on FiltrationI. Ushe 146

ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES, ECONOMICS, & ENGINEERING DECISION ONSELECTING SEPARATING EQUIPMENT/SYSTEMS

A9.1 Selecting Clean-In-Place Filters for Waste MinimizationD. Taft 148

A9.2 Removal of Volatile Organics from Aqueous Solution: An AlternativeApproach Using Polymeric SorbentsE.J. Simpson, W.J. Koros, and R.S. Schechier 152

A9.3 Oily Waste Management Strategies Using Membrane ProcessesH.L. Fleming 156

A9.4 Microporous Membrane Technology for Advanced Water &Wastewater TreatmentJ.C. Vickers 157

PRESSURE AND VACUUM FILTRATION

Bl.l Consolidation of Semi-Solid Slurries and Dewatering of PreconsolidatedCakes by Gas PressureW. Stahl and T. Pfuff 162

B1.2 Membrane Filter Presses Using Latest Empty Chamber DesignsContinues to Expand into New MarketsR. H. Mathewson 166

B1.3 Automated System Design for Membrane Filter PressesQ.D. Avery 172

SEDIMENTATION, CLARIFICATION, THICKENING

B2.1 Application of Alcan's Deep Thickener Technology for Thickeningand ClarifyingR.D. Paradis 176

B2.2 Bauxite Residue Disposal at Alcoa of Australia Using Hi-Density ThickenerM. Marunczyn and TJ . Laros 180

B2.3 Direct Feed Dry Flocculants - A New Approach to Lower CostsG. Payne 189

B2.4 Relationship for Clarification Efficiency of Secondary ClarifiersN. Voutchkov 194

B2.5 Design Procedures for Industrial Secondary ClarifiersO.E. Albertson 198

B2.6 The Lamella Gravity Settler: Theory, Design and Experiences

S. Wenk 204

DEPTH FILTRATION

B3.1 A Model for the Dynamics of Particle Deposition in Packed Bed FiltersM. Elimelech and L. Song 208

B3.2 Convective Jamming - A New Mechanism of Particle CaptureDuring Flow of Suspensions Through Porous MediaV. Ramachandran, H.S. Fogler, N. Salehi and G. Chauveteau 212

B3.3 Mathematical Modeling of Depth Filtration: 3-DimensionalTrajectory AnalysisR.S. Cushing and D. Lawler 216

B3.4 The Collapse-Pulsing Condition During Air Scour Backwashof Granular Activated Carbon MediaP. Yari and A. Amirtharajah 220

B3.5 Particles in Depth Filtration: Breakthrough and BreakoffD. Lawler, R.S. Cushing, D. Moran, and M. Seib 223

B3.6 Improvement in Deep Bed Filter BackwashingR.S. Kozar *227

WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT

B4.1 Ammonia Removal by Precipitation from AnaerobicallyTreated Egg-Breaking Plant and Chicken Manure WastesS.H. Kim and E.R. Baumann 228

B4.2 Incorporation of SVI into the Activated Sludge Limiting Solids Flux EquationJ. Huang and O.J. Hao 232

B4.3 Turning Biological Waste Treatment Plant Sludge into a Fuel SourceD.L. Greene, W.L. Root, III and R.J. Fortier 236

B4.4 Design Considerations for a Moving Bed Downflow Sand FilterA.M. Wachinski, X. Yongming, J. Bengoechia, J. Stevens,and C.J. Hering 240

B4.5 Evaluation of Rapid Mixing Parameters in Chemical Phosphate RemovalS.H. Kim and E.R. Baumann 245

B4.6 Continuous Filter Removes Organics and AlgaeR. Steward and B. Johnson 249

CENTREFUGATION

B5.1 Torque Controlled Decanters Improve Performance and Resultsof Separation ProcessesP. Schenk 253

B5.2 Advanced Centrifuge Application on Biological Sludge TreatmentK. Miyano, K. Nishida and W.F. Leung 259

B5.3 Flow and Sedimentation in Decanter CentrifugesB. Madsen 263

B5.4 Censor-The Decanter Centrifuge with Two Cones and TwoFlights Washes, Separates and Dewaters Plastics for RecyclingM. Wuensch, K.H. Unkelbach, and G. Arhelger 267

B5.5 HypercentrifugationG. Mayer 271

B5.6 Filtration Batch/Continuous CentrifugesA. Schepis 278

B5.7 Compression of Sediment Under Centrifugal FieldJ. Weber

SEPARATION AND FLUID-PARTICLE INTERACTION IN MINING

B6.1 Modelling of Flocculation Using A Genetic AlgorithmS.K. Sharma and D.A. Stanley 282

B6.2 Simultaneous Dewatering and Reconstitution of Fine CoalUsing a Screenbowl CentrifugeW.W. Wen 290

B6.3 Dewatering Studies of Ultrafine Oil Shale ConcentrateJ.G. Groopo and B.K Parekh 296

B6.4 Bureau of Mines Dewatering Study of Sane Screw ClassifierOverflow at Vulcan Materials Manassas QuarryR.H. Church and B. Scheiner 302

FILTRATION AND SEPARATION IN BIOMEDICAL AND BIOTECHNOLOGYAPPLICATIONS

B7.1 Filtration and Separation Technologies for Improved Health CareP.S. Malchesky 303

B7.2 Pore Size Ratings - What You See Is Not What You GetR.E. Johnson, L.C. Cosentio, and P. Brinda 307

B7.3 Clinical Evaluation of On-Line Membrane Fractionation ofCryoglobulins from AlbuminM. Zborowski, A. P. Koo and P. S. Malchesky 311

B7.4 Subcutaneous Ultrafiltration Fibers for Chemical Samplingof Blood: The Capillary Filtrate CollectorS. R. Ash, W. E Zoop, R. B. Truitt, E. M. Janle, and P. T Kissinger . . 316

B7.5 Mathematical Model of Plasma Filtration and Re-Filtrationin a Closed Hollow Fiber Membrane SeparatorY.N. Xia 320

B7.6 Selective Chemical Removal from Blood by a SorbentSuspension Dialysis System (Biologic - DT)S.R. Ash, D.E. Blake, D.J. Carr, J.B. Rainier,C.H. Gingrich, and R.B. Truitt 325

B7.7 Increasing Selectivity of Chemical Removal From Blood byPre-Loading Charcoal of the Biological- DTS.R. Ash, D.E. Blake, and D.J. Carr 329

B7.8 New Membrane Systems for Hybrid Artificial OrgansB.A. Soloman, T. E. Muller, and CJ-P Mullan 333

B7.9 Recent Developments in Bacteria Challenges of SterilizingGrade Membrane FiltersJ. Martin 337

APPLICATIONS OF MEMBRANE FILTRATION -REVERSE OSMOSIS,ULTRAFILTRATION AND MICROFILTRATION

Cl. l A Review of Commercial Applications of Membrane TechnologyJ.L. Short 341

C1.2 Methodology for Determination of the Effect of Solute Sizeon Membrane Diffusive Permeability Using Polydispersed DextranD. Boggs 345

C1.3 Rotary and Tangential Crossflow Microfiltration for ProteinRecovery from Cell DebrisC.S. Parnham, III and R.H. Davis 349

C1.4 Ultrafiltration Applications for Nucleic AcidsA.M. Krowczynska and M.B. Henderson 353

C1.5 Separation of Humic Acids from Bayer Process Liquor byMembrane FiltrationF.T. Awadalla, O. Kutowy, and A. Tweddle 357

C1.6 Water Purification and Reuse with Membrane SystemsD.L. Woerner 361

C1.7 Membrane Separations in Food ProcessingS.S. Koseoglu 367

GAS SEPARATION WITH MEMBRANE

C2.1 The Effect of Aryl Nitration on Gas Sorption and Permeation in PolysulfoneB. Freeman 372

C2.2 Hollow Fiber Membrane-Based Rapid Pressure Swing AbsorptionS. Bhaumik, S. Majumdar, and K. Sirkar 376

C2.3 Helium Recovery from Natural Gas Streams Using Separex* GasSeparation MembranesA. Perka 380

C2.4 Gas Trap Membrane For Water Streams in Microgravity EnivronmentS.J. Zhou, M.B. Faust, and I.M. Brubaker 381

C2.5 Mobil Liquid Venting Membrane Separator Solvent Selectionand CharacterizationS.J. Zhou, I.M. Brubaker, and G. Noyes 385

C2.6 Membrane Gas Separation for Fluidized-Bed Incinerator:Why, What, and Lab TestsJ. Pellegrino, D. Stull and B. Logsdon 390

SEPARATION BY INORGANIC MEMBRANES

C3.1 Development of Ceramic Membranes for Nano-FiltrationM.A. Anderson, R.A. Peterson, and C.G. Hill, Jr 394

C3.2 Effects of Oxygen-Enriched Air on Diesel EngineK.S. Virk, and C.R. Bartels 398

C3.3 Cake Formation in Solid-Liquid Separation: Hypotheses and MechanismC. Tien 406

C3.4 Ceramic Membranes for the Recovery and Reuse of AqueousCleaning Solutions

R. Bhave, J. Filson, S. Karrs and J. McConay 407

NEW MATERIALS FOR MEMBRANE SEPARATION

C4.1 Structure/Property Relationships for Gas Separation Membrane MaterialsD.R. Paul 408

C4.2 Nonporous Composite Membranes for UltrafiltrationK.V. Peinemann and S. Pereira Nunes 412

C4.3 Surface and Permeability Properties of Modified UF MembranesFrom Isosporous 2-D Protein CrystalsS. Kupucu, M. Sara, S. Weigert and U.B. Sleytr 416

C4.4 Development of Solvent-Resistant Hollow-Fiber MembranesD.T. Friesen, S. McCray, and R. Ray 420

C4.5 Better Membranes from Polymeric BlendsI.M. Wienk, R.M. Boom, H.C. Prk, Th. van Den Boomgaard,M.H.V. Mulder and C.A. Smolders 423

MEMBRANE FOULING AND ADSORPTION PHENOMENA

C5.1 Protein Fouling of Polycarbonate Track-Etched Microfiltration MembranesE.M. Tracey and R.H. Davis 427

C5.2 Comparison of Protein Fouling in Stirred Cell and Cross-FlowFiltration DevicesK.L. McGettingan, S.T. Kelly, and A.L. Zydney 431

C5.3 Analysis of Solute Flux Reduction in Stirred Cell and Cross-FlowFiltration DevicesR.G. Nel and V.G.J. Rodgers 435

C5.4 Determination of Total Protein-Adsorbed on Solid (Membrane) Surface:Single Protein AdsorptionM.K. Ko, K. Cole and J.J. Pellegrino 440

C5.5 Interaction of Charged Colloid Particles with Charged Membrane PoresV.M. Starov, D.R. Lloyd, and A. N. Filippov 446

C5.6 Concentration Polarization in Polymer Filter Cakes During UltrafiltrationJ.K. Wang and R.K. Prud'homme 451

C5.7 Adsorption of Humic Substances on Hydrophobic Membranes andEffort on Membrane Surface PropertiesM.M. Clark and C. Jucker 455

COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF NEW MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGIES

C6.1 Membrane Business - UpdateA. Crull 456

C6.2 Commercialization of Pervaporation SystemsH. L. Fleming 461

C6.3 Vortex Flow Filtration: Application Benefits and Scale-UpP.M. Rolchigo 463

NOVEL CONCEPTS IN MEMBRANE SEPARATION

C7.1 Crossflow Dynamic Membrane Filtration TechnologyG. H. Bartman 471

C7.2 Oil/Water Separation Using Nanofiltration TechnologyE. Park and S.M. Barnett 475

C7.3 Liquid-Solid Separations and Size Classification By VibratoryShear Enhanced Processing (VSEP)B. Culkin 476

NEW TECHNIQUES ON CHARACTERIZATION OF MEMBRANE STRUCTURE& MORPHOLOGY AND SPECIAL MEMBRANE APPLICATIONS

C8.1 Asymmetric Fluoropolymer Pervaporation Membranes forOrganic/Water SeparationK. Jian and P.N. Pintauro 477

C8.2 The Surface Structure and Morphology of PolyacrylonitrileMembranes by Atomic Force MicroscopyA.K. Fritzsche, A.R. Arevalo, and M.D. Moore 481

C8.3 A Materials Science Case Study of New Polymeric Materials for GasSeparations: Correlation of Physical and MorphologicalCharacteristics of Conducting Polymers with Pure Gas PermeabilitiesB.R. Mattes 485

C8.4 Vibratory Solution Recycling Using Filtration Methods: A CaseStudy in Pollution PreventionE. Park and S.M. Barnett 486

SELECTION AND SIZING OF SOLID-LIQUID SEPARATION EQUIPMENT

D l . l Introduction to Filter SelectionR. Karpiuk 487

D1.2 Testing of a Pressure FilterK. Haggerty 491

D1.3 Sizing of Batch Filtration EquipmentP. Muller, DrM, Dr. Muller 497

D1.4 Selection & Sizing of Tubular Back-Pulse Filters forProcess and Wastewater StreamsD. Davis 503

D1.5 Measurement of Dewatering Pressures in Full-Scale Belt PressFilters for Use in Development of Bench-Scale Test MethodsT. Laros 505

D1.6 How to Choose the Right CentrifugeA. Letki and G. Alligood 511

D1.7 XL»PLUS™ Feed Accelerator Improves Coal Dewatering CentrifugeCapacity and Basket Life with Improved Cakes and RecoveriesS. Black, W. F. Leung, J. Poff and E. Earl 515

D1.8 Recent Developments in Media Selection for Granular Media FiltersJ. B. Hambley 522

SYSTEMS APPROACH TO FLUID-PARTICLE SEPARATION

D2.1 Systematic Approaches to Particle/Fluid SeparationD.B. Purchas 526

D2.2 An Expert System for the Selection of Solid/Liquid Separation EquipmentE.S.Tarleton and R. Wakeman 530

D2.3 Systemized Method of Equipment & Fabric Selection for AirJ. Darrow 535

D2.4 A System Approach to the Design of Solid/Liquid Separation ProcessesR. Wakemen 536

D2.5 Computerized Design of Gas Cleaning EquipmentK. Morris 540

SPECIAL TOPICS ON SOLID/LIQUID SEPARATION

D3.1 World 1993 Solid/Liquid Separation MarketR.W. Mcllvaine 544

D3.2 Working Backwards with Filtration to Achieve Quality ControlJ. Berg 549

D3.3 How to Eliminate Filter-Clogging Microbial Growth in FuelsW.P. Chartrand 556

D3.4 High Efficiency System Disposes of Sludge and Produces Clean EffluentR. Steward 563

MONITORING AND CONTROL TECHNIQUESIN FILTRATION AND SEPARATION

D4.1 Effect of Filtration on Top Ring Wear in Heavy Duty Diesel EnginesJ. Truhan and C. Covington 564

D4.2 Innovative, Rapid Colorimetric Method of Determination of ResidualChlorine from 0 to 500 /ig/LD. Harp and T. Engelhardt 568

D4.3 Determining Correlation of Nephelometric Turbidity Measurementsto Suspended Solids Measurements in Industrial SamplesM. Sadar and T. Engelhardt 572

D4.4 Monitoring the Dynamics of Coagulation with metal Salts bya Flow-Through Optical TechniqueM. Elimelech and H.W. Ching 576

D4.5 Streaming Potential as a Tool to Determine the Zeta Potentialof Filter MaterialsD. Fairhurst 581

D4.6 Measuring the Electrokinetic (Zeta) Potential of Reverse OsmosisMembranes by a Streaming Potential AnalyzerM. Elimelech and D. Fairhurt 582

D4.7 Monitoring of Filter Press VariabilityH.W. Campbell and M.A. Plaiser 583

D4.8 A Sensitive On-Line Particle Monitor for High-Quality Filtered WaterJ. Gregory and C. Veal 587

INDUSTRIAL SEPARATIONS

D5.1 Cross-flow Filtration of Produced Water With Ceramics MicrofiltersJ.L. Filson and R.R. Bhave *591

D5.2 Nut Shell Filter TechnologyJ. Schultz *

D5.3 A Dual Membrane for Hydrocarbon - Water SeparationsR. Larson, S. Freeman, and W. Scherer 592

D5.4 New Hydrocyclones for Oilfield ApplicationsA. Casaday, P. Michaluk and N. Lange *

D5.5 The Automatic Backwashable Cartridge (ABC) FilterJ. Hensely

D5.6 Logic Development of the Turbo Doucet Jet FilterC.L. Doucet 596

D5.7 Continuous Filter Removes Solids and OilsR. Steward and B. Johnson 606

DESIGN OF MEMBRANE SEPARATION EQUIPMENT/SYSTEM

D6.1 Getting From Traditional Filtration to Crossflow FiltrationW. Eykamp 607

D6.2 Retentate Recycle for Enrichment of Less PermeableComponent in a Membrane PermeatorT. Tsuru and S.T. Hwang 613

D6.3 A Model for the Evaluation of Hollow-Fiber Membrane Device PerformanceJ. Lemanski and G.G. Lipscomb 617

D6.4 Possible Applications of Ceramic Membranes to Reverse Osmosisin the Dairy IndustryR.A. Peterson, M.A. Anderson, and C.G. Hill, Jr 621

D6.5 Commercial Applications of Tube-Side-Feed Hollow-FiberMembrane ModulesS.B. McCray, R.J. Ray, and D.T. Friesen 625

D6.6 Optimization of Crossflow Filtration Using Backpulsing asa Cleaning MethodS.G. Redkar, R.H. Davis, and W.F. Ramirez 629

PARTICLE CHARACTERIZATION AND TRANSPORT PHENOMENA INFILTRATION & SEPARATION

D7.1 Characterizing the Fractal Structural of Random Filter FiltrationsB.H. Kaye and P. Rochon 633

D7.2 Dilute Gas-Particles Flow RegimesH. Arastoopour 634

D7.3 Drag Force of Interactive Particles Prior to Collinear CollisionC. Zhu, S.C. Liang, and L.S. Fan 635

D7.4 Modelling the Capture Dynamics in a Filter Intended for CapturingRespirable DustB.H. Kaye, J.M. Noel and R. Trotter 639

D7.5 Comparison of Experimental NWR and Computed Velocitiesand ConcentrationsJ. Ding, R.W. Lyczkowski, W.T. Sha, S.A. Altobelli and E. Fukushim . 640

CLEAN-UP AND DISPOSAL OF HAZARDOUS WASTE

D8.1 Dewatering of Metal Finishing Plant Wastes with the Use of Filter PressesJ.A. Trautmann, Jr 644

D8.2 Specialty Chemicals for Waste RemediationT.L. Collett 645

D8.3 Treatment of Wastewater at Vaquerias Tres Monjitas Dairy UsingFixed-Film Bio-TowersC. Rogers 646

D8.4 Dewatering Surface Impoundments Using Filter PressesD.H. Wachter 647

STUDENT POSTER PAPERS

1. Deadend Microfiltration of Bovine Serum Albumin Suspension Through YeastCake Layers and Asymmetric Polymeric MembranesN. Arora and R. Davis 653

2. Use of Local Measurements to Analyze the Drag Force and Stress-StrainRelation for Compressive Packed BedsJ. Arconti and G. Chase 657

INDEX Appendix A

BELATED PAPERS Appendix B