The Fourth Pacific Rim International Conference on

Advanced Materials and Processing(PRICM4)

Volume I

Honolulu, Hawaii, USA

December 11-15, 2001

Edited by S. Hanada, Z. Zhong, S. W. Nam and R. N. Wright

Hosted by The Japan Institute of Metals

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Vol. IPreface S. Hanada, Z. Zhong, S.W. Nam, R.N. Wright

Plenary Lectures

Grain Boundary Plasticity in Materials—from classical approach to modern quantum structureanalysis— T. Sakuma 1

Development of Ultra-Fine Steel in China W. Yuqing 7

The Evolution of Primary Recrystallization Textures in Metals and Alloys D. N. Lee 13

Integrated Nanotechnologies T. A. Michalske and A. D. Romig, Jr. 2983

Amorphous, Quasicrystalline and Nanocrystalline Alloys

*Local Atomic Structures in Amorphous and Quasicrystalline Zr-Noble Metal Alloys by the AnomalousX-ray Scattering Method

T. Nakamura, E. Matsubara, M. Sakurai, J. Saida and A. Inoue 19

Mg-Based Bulk Glassy Alloys Produced by Water Quenching K. Amiya and A. Inoue 23

Formation and High Mechanical Strength of New Cu-Based Bulk Glassy AlloysA. Inoue, W. Zhang, T. Zhang and K. Kurosaka 27

Compositional Effect on the Glass-Forming Ability of Undercooled Pd-Cu-Ni-P MeltsN. Nishiyama and A. Inoue 31

Improvement of Glass Forming Ability of Ni-Zr-Ti Alloys by Addition of Si and SnJ. K. Lee, W. T. Kim and D.-H. Kim 35

Amorphization of B2 Intermetallic Compound by Severe Plastic DeformationK. Tsuchiya, H. Nakayama, Z.-G. Liu, M. Umemoto, K. Morii and T. Shimizu 39

Local Structural Study of Amorphous Fe7OMioB2O (M = Cr, W, Nb, Zr and Hf) Alloys by the AXS andEXAFS Methods T. Nakamura, M. Sakurai, E. Matsubara, A. Inoue and Y. Waseda 43

Local Structure Studies of Zr-Noble Metal Based Quasicrystals and Metallic Glasses by XAFSM. Sakurai, T. Nakamura, E. Matsubara, J. Saida and A. Inoue Al

Crystallization Behaviour of Bulk Metallic Glasses By In-situ Neutron DiffractionJ.-L. Soubeyroux and N. Claret 51

In-situ X-ray Observation of Local Structural Change during CrystallizationT. Nishi, K. Uematsu, S. Sato, E. Matsubara, A. Inoue and Y. Waseda 55

Structural Study of Quasicrystallization in Zr-Pd and Zr-Pt Binary Glassy AlloysM. Imafuku, M. Kitada, J. Saida, E. Matsubara and A. Inoue 59

*Nano Icosahedral Quasicrystals in Zr-Based Glassy Alloys... J. Saida, M. Matsushita and A. Inoue 63

Investigation of Metallic Glassy, Nanocrystalline and Nanoquasicrystalline Phases Formed in Hf-Based Alloys D. V. Louzguine, M. S. Ko, S. Ranganathan and A. Inoue 67

*Structure Properties of Zn-Based Icosahedral Quasicrystals: Superlattice Ordering and Atomic

Clusters T. Ishimasa 71

Diffusion in Quasicrystalline Alloys R. Galler and H. Mehrer 75

Effect of B Concentration on Phase Transformation of Fe-Zr-B Amorphous AlloysT. Nagase and Y. Umakoshi 79

Formation and Orientation Control of Nano-Sized Crystals Precipitated in a Ni-P AmorphousAlloy R. Tarumi, A. Ogura, K. Takashima and Y. Higo 83

Thermal Stability and Crystallization Behaviour of Fe7OB2o(Zr, Nb)i0 Amorphous Alloys with a WideSupercooled Liquid Region L. Ma, T. Zhang and A. Inoue 87

Superplastic Deformation of Zr-Base Bulk Glassy Alloys with Dispersed Nano-QuasicrystallineParticles S. Ishihara and A. Inoue 91

invited paper

Mechanical Properties of P/M Al-Fe-Cr-Ti-Mm (Mm: Misch Metal) Alloys Containing Quasicrystal-line Phase H. Kimura, A. Inoue and K. Sasamori 95

Application of Quasicrystalline Particles as a Strengthening Phase in Mg-Zn-Y AlloysD. H. Bae, S. H. Kim, W. T. Kim and D. H. Kim 99

* S y n t h e s i s a n d P r o p e r t i e s o f B u l k A m o r p h o u s a n d Q u a s i c r y s t a l l i n e Z r - T i / N b - A l - C u - N i A l l o y s . . . ./. Eckert, U. Kuhn, U. Wolff and A. Gebert 103

Effect of Be Addition on Glass Forming Ability and Crystallization Behaviors in AmorphousTi5oCu32Nii5Sn3 Alloy Y. C. Kim, W. T. Kim and D. H. Kim 107

Inf luence of Z r C D i s p e r s i o n o n V i s c o u s F l o w B e h a v i o r o f t h e Z r - A l - N i - C u B u l k G l a s s y A l l o y . . . .H. Kato, T. Hirano, A. Inoue, H. S. Chen and Y. Kawamura 111

Enhancement of Glass Forming Ability by Sn Addition and Plastic Deformation in Cu Based BulkMetallic Glass E. S. Park, H. K. Lim, D. H. Bae, W. T. Kim and D. H. Kim 115

The Effect of Substrate on the Microstructure and Tensile Properties of Electrodeposited Nanocrystal-line Nickel F. Ebrahimi, K. L. Morgan and Z. Ahmed 119

Bulk Glassy Fe65Co10Ga5Pi2C4B4 Alloys with High Glass-Forming Ability and Good Soft MagneticProperties B. Shen, H. Kimura, A. Inoue, H. Fukumura and T. Mizushima 123

Magnetic Properties of Amorphous-Fe/La and BCC-Fe/La MultilayersY. Kamada, A. Itho and M. Yamamoto 127

*Effect of P and Cu Additions on As-Quenched Structure and Soft Magnetic Properties of Fe-Nb-BNanocrystalline Alloys A. Makino, T. Bitoh, A. Inoue and T. Masumoto 131

Electrical Resistivity of Zr-Based Metallic Glasses R. Tamura, K. Komatsu and S. Takeuchi 135

Internal Friction of Hydrogen-Doped Zr-Based Metallic GlassesT. Yagi, R. Tamura and S. Takeuchi 139

Thermal Stabilities and Electrochemical Cyclic Life Properties of Rapidly Solidified Mg-Ni-BasedAmorphous Alloys S. Yamaura, H.-Y. Kim, H. Kimura and A. Inoue 143

The Structure and Martensitic Transformation of Nano-Sized Particles in Fe-Ni FilmsY. Rong, Q. Meng and T. Y. Hsu (Xu Zuyao) 147

Processing and Mechanical Properties of Austenitic Stainless Steels with Grain Refinement byMechanical Milling R. Ishibashi, H. Arakawa, H. Doi and Y. Aono 151

Formation of Nano-Sized Martensite Particles and Its Application to Fatigue Strengthening in anAustenitic Stainless Steel T. Inamura, M. Shimojo, K. Takashima and Y. Higo 155

Alterations to Polyurethane Material by the Addition of Mechanically Alloyed Rubber.W. J. D. Shaw 159

Integrated Material System for Bulk Nanocrystalline Ceramics H. Kimura 163

Microstructure and Properties of Nano WC-Co Cermets O. Seo, G.-H. Lee and S. Kang 167

Nano-Structure Analysis of Polycrystallization in Amorphous Silicon on Si(100)T. Fukaya, K. Kimura, K. Takahashi, T. Shibayama and H. Takahashi 171

Crystallization of Bulk Amorphous Si-C-N Ceramic Under High PressureL. Sun, Q. Wu, Y. Li, Z. Cao, L. Cao, J. Liu and Wenkui Wang 175

Biomaterials and Bioengineering

*Application of Vanadium-Free Titanium Alloys to Artificial Hip JointsK. Maehara, K. Doi, T. Matsushita and Y. Sasaki 179

Development of Ti-15Zr-4Nb-4Ta Alloy with High Biological CompatibilityY. Okazaki and E. Nishimura 183

Compositions of Surface Oxide Films on Titanium Alloys Regenerated in Hanks' SolutionT. Hanawa, S. Hiromoto, K. Asami and K. Asaoka 187

Studies on the Biocompatibility of Biomaterials: Effect of Various Types of BiomaterialMicrospheres R. Nakaoka and T. Tsuchiya 189

Corrosion Fatigue Properties of Implantable Alloy in Medium SolutionE. Nishimura and Y. Okazaki 193

* invited paper

Fatigue Properties Under Combined Stresses of Biomedical Titanium AlloysH. Mochizuki, E. Kobayashi, H. Doi, T. Yoneyama, M. Otsuka and H. Hamanaka 197

Fatigue Characteristics of Biomedical New fi type Titanium Alloy, Ti-29Nb-13Ta-4.6Zr, Relatingwith Microstructure

M. Niinomi, T. Akahori, T. Maekawa, D. Kuroda, H. Fukui, A. Suzuki and J. Hasegawa 201

F a t i g u e R e s p o n s e o f T h r e e B i o m e d i c a l T i t a n i u m A l l o y s t o F r e t t i n g U n d e r F l a t - o n - F l a t C o n t a c t . . . .H. Fukui, W. Yang, M. Niinomi, K. Fukunaga, T. Akahori and J. Hasegawa 205

Fretting Fatigue Characteristics of Biomedical New /? Titanium Alloy, Ti-29Nb-13Ta-4.6ZrT. Akahori, M. Niinomi, T. Yabunaka, D. Kuroda, H. Fukui, A. Suzuki and J. Hasegawa 209

Influence of Aluminum Addition on Tensile Properties and Aging Behavior of Ti-Fe-Cr-Al AlloysM. Ikeda, S. Komatsu, M. Veda, T. Imose and K. Inoue 213

*Control of CrystaUinity and Crystal Structure in Hydroxyapatite and Related Calcium Phosphates byMechanical Grinding and Subsequent Heat-Treatment

Y. Umakoshi, T. Nakano and A. Tokumura 211

Raman Microprobe Analysis of Fracture in Synthetic and Natural HydroxyapatiteS. Sakakura, A. Nakahira, S. F. M. Asmus and G. Pezzotti 221

Texture of Hydroxyapatite (HAp) Crystallites in Typical Biological Hard TissuesT. Nakano, K. Kaibara, Y. Umakoshi and Y. Tabata 225

Fabrication of Hydroxyapatite/Ti Functionally Graded Implant by Underwater-Shock Compaction.A. Chiba, Y. Morizono and S. Kimura 229

Formation of Magnesium Apatite in Hank's Solution and Friction Behavior of MagnesiumH. Kuwahara, N. Mazaki and T. Aizawa 233

Hydroxyapatite/Polymer Hybrid Composites with Biomimetic Fracture BehaviorA. Nakahira, S. Asmus, S. Miki and G. Pezzotti 237

Microstructures of Titanium Alloys for Medical Implants after Nitrogen Ion ImplantationS. Fukumoto, K. Nakamura, H. Tsubakino, M. Terasawa, T. Mitamura and Y. Okazaki 241

Sintered Titanium Compacts with Biological Function as Biomaterials for Hard Tissue Replacement ..K. Asaoka, M. Kon, D.-U. Park, A. Toyama and T. Araki 245

Processing and Mechanical Properties of Biocompatible Cancellous TitaniumC. Wen, Y. Yamada, K. Shimojima, Y. Chino, T. Asahina and M. Mabuchi 247

Corrosion Resistance and Cytocompatibility of W Short Fiber Reinforced Ti-6A1-4V AlloyM. Koganemaru, Y. Okazaki, E. Nishimura, S. Nishida,

K. Nakano, H. Tamasaki and Y. Yanagida 251

* Characterization of Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of Prototype Intravascular StentsS. H Hong, W. H. Sohn, J. W. Chung and J. H. Park 255

Nitinol Alloy as a Thermoseed in High Frequency Alternating Magnetic FieldK.-H. Lee, Y.-C. Kim, E.-W. Choi and S.-S. Youn 259

Interfacial Microstructure of Infrared Jointed Ti-6Al-7Nb Alloy with Ti-15Cu-25Ni SolderE. Miura, I. Watanabe, K. Hisatsune and S. Hanada 261

Nanostructure Analysis on the Metal-Bond-Porcelain Using Titanium by TEM and EELSY. Tanaka, I. Watanabe, E. Miura, T. Shiraishi and K. Hisatsune 265

Dental Application of Ti-15Zr-4Nb-4Ta Alloy Y. Okazaki 269

Electromagnetic Processing of Materials

Rcentt Activities and Prospect on Electromagnetic Processing of Materials in Japan S. Asai 273

*Magnetic Levitation for Contactless Processing of Materials E. Fourreaux and P. Gillon 277

Materials Processing Under Magnetic Levitation Condition

M. Motokawa, N. Kitamura, I. Mogi, M. Hamai, S. Awaji and K. Watanabe 281

*Texturing by Solidification in a Magnetic Field R. F. Tournier, E. Beaugnon and S. Pavard 285

Effect of a High Magnetic Field on Monotectic SolidificationH. Yasuda, I. Ohnaka, O. Kawakami, M. Yamamoto, K. Ueno and K. Kishio 289

* invited paper

Grain Selection during Coarsening by a Magnetic FieldY. Yamamoto, H. Yasuda, I. Ohnaka and K. Kishio 293

Control of Crystal Orientation in a Vapor-Deposition Process by Imposition of a High MagneticField M. Tahashi, K. Sassa and S. Asai 297

Strengthening of Carbon Fibers in a Production Process with Imposition of a High Magnetic Field.M.-G. Sung, K. Sassa and S. Asai 301

Elimination of Inclusions in Molten Metal Using a High Magnetic FieldM.-k. Seo, N. Waki, Y. Chino, K. Sassa and S. Asai 305

Structural Control of Steels through Phase Transformations in High Magnetic FieldH. Ohtsuka, Y. Xu and H. Wada 309

Effect of Intense Magnetic Field on Electro-Deposition PhenomenaT. Kozuka and M. Kawahara 313

Magnetoelectropolymerized Polypyrrole Film Elecctrodes/. Mogi, K. Watanabe and M. Motokawa 317

Combined Convection of Air in a Square Box Heated from One Vertical Side Wall Under theMagnetizing Force with Various Directional Combinations of Magnet Coils

R. Shigemitsu, T. Tagawa and H. Ozoe 321

Natural Convection in a Cubic Enclosure in a Uniform Magnetic Field. . . . 7". Tagawa and H. Ozoe 325

Electromagnetic Excitations of Compression Waves in a Liquid Metal and Its Industrial ApplicationsK. Iwai, S. Kawai, Q. Wang and S. Asai 329

Effects of Electromagnetic Vibrations on the Microstructure of Gray IronA. Radjai and K. Miwa 333

Effects of Magnetically-Induced Melt Flow on Microstructure Formation during DolidificationN. Govindaraju and B. Q. Li 337

Mathematical Modeling of Melt Flow and Heat Transfer during Electromagnetic Processing of LightMetals W. Song, N. Govindaraju, B. Q. Li and Y. Pang 341

Effects of DC Electric Field on Microstructure of Superalloy K417GY. Yang, W. Li, Z. Wang and Z. Hu 345

*Effects of Electromagnetic Fields on Preparation of Materials Y. Yang, W. Zhu and Z. Hu 349

Effect of Mechanical Stirring on Electromagnetic Separation of Inclusion Particles from LiquidMetal K. Takahashi and S. Taniguchi 353

Migration Force Acting on Two Non-Conducting Particles in Conducting Liquid with Imposition ofDC Electromagnetic Force Y. Kubota, N. Yoshikawa and S. Taniguchi 357

Temperature Distribution Analysis of Electromagnetic Casting Systems Using a Cold Crucible by 3-DFinite Element Method T. Yamaguchi, Y. Kawase and T. Nishimura 361

* E l e c t r o m a g n e t i c C o n f i n e m e n t a n d Sol id i f i ca t ion C o n t r o l o f N i - B a s e S u p e r a l l o y s U n d e r V a c u u m . . . .H. Fu, J. Shen, Q. Hao, S. Li and J, Li 365

Development of a New Type Titanium Casting Technology/LEVICAST Process N. Demukai 369

F l o w C o n t r o l o f M o l t e n Steel in t h e C o n t i n u o u s C a s t i n g M o l d w i t h S u p e r - C o n d u c t i n g M a g n e t s . . . .Y. Kishimoto, T. Mochida, H. Iijima, S. Nara and S. Takeuchi 373

Numerical Estimation of the Effect of the Argon Gas Injection and Magnetic Field Application on theMotion of Inclution in Continuous Casting of Steel B. Li, T. Okane and F. Tsukihashi 311

Solidification Characteristic of Cast Metal Under Alternate Electromagnetic FieldT. Li, X. Wang, B. Wen and J. Jin 381

Analysis and Experiment of Heat-Force Ratio in Electromagnetic Shaping Process with Dual-Frequency Coils /. Shen, J. Yu, S. Li, H. Cao, L. Liu and H. Fu 385

Evolution of Semi-Solid Structure of Hypoeutectic White Cast Iron by RheocastingA. Wang, K. Qiu, X. Pan, Z. Yang, H. Zhang, B. Ding and Z. Hu 389

* An Evaluation of Spray Forming and Thermal Processing of a High Performance SuperalloyG. Zhang, Z. Li, Z. Liu, Z. Zhang, S. Xu and S. Tian 393

invited paper

Hydrogen Absorbing Materials

*Hydrogen Absorbing Alloys for Automotive Use K. Saito and T. Mouri 397

Theoretical Investigation of Superabundant Vacancy Formation T. Mohri 401

Hydrogen-Induced Amorphization in bcc Ti-Al-Zr CompoundsY. Miyajima, K. Ishikawa and K. Aoki 405

A Method for the Prediction of the Hydriding Thermodynamics of Ternary Pd-Based AlloysD. F. Teter, M. E. Mauro and D. J. Thoma 409

Solubility and Diffusivity of Protium in Internally Nitrided Iron AlloysH. Miyamura, K. Hirai, K. Hirose and S. Kikuchi 413

In-situ HRTEM Observations of Hydrogen-Absorption Materials Exposed to Hydrogen GasN. Tanaka, T. Kubota and K. Tanaka 417

Molecular Orbital Calculation for Hydrogen Induced State of TitaniumK. Hayashi, S. T. Nakagawa, Y. Mizuno, A. Tanaka and T. Homma 421

Towards Fabrication of New Functional Multilayers by HydrogenationY. Kamada, D. Takama, A. Itoh, H. Naka and M. Yamamoto 425

Microstructure-Hydrogen Sorption Property Relationships in LaNi5-Based AlloysH. Inui, T. Yamamoto and M. Yamaguchi 429

Protium Diffusion in a and /? Phases of LaNi5-H Alloy Studied by Desorption MethodK. Asano, Y. Yamazaki and Y. Iijima 433

Effect of Vacancies on Residual Hydrogen Content in LaNi5.. .. K. Sakaki, H. Araki and Y. Shirai 437

Elastic Properties of LaNi5-Based CompoundsK. Tanaka, S. Okazaki, Y. Watayo, H. Inui, M. Yamaguchi and M. Koiwa 441

First-Principles Study of LaNi5-H Solid Solutions and its HydridesK. Tatsumi, I. Tanaka, H. Inui, K. Tanaka, M. Yamaguchi and H. Adachi 445

Noticeable Hydrogen Storage, Structual and Optical Properties in Multi-Layered Pd/Mg Thin Films..H. Fujii, K. Higuchi, K. Yamamoto, H. Kajioka, S. Orimo and K. Toiyama 449

Hydriding-Dehydriding Properties and Microstructures of Mg-Rich Mg-Ni-RE AlloysJ. Yin and K. Tanaka 453

Hydrogen Storage of Mg-Containing Carbon Nanocomposites Obtained by High Energy Ball Milling .

H. Imamura, S. Tabata, N. Shigetomi, M. Matsumoto, K. Masanari and Y. Sakata 457

Hydrogenation of MgNi2 by rf-Discharged Hydrogen Plasma Y. Hatano and K. Watanabe 461

Surface Modification of Amorphous MgNi ElectrodesT. Abe, S. Inoue, D. Mu, Y. Hatano and K. Watanabe 465

Hydriding Combustion Synthesis of Mg2NiH4 from Powder MixtureT. Akiyama, L. Li and J. Yagi 469

*The Effect of Filamentary Ni Powder on the Performances of Proto-Type Ni/MH Battery Using Zr-Based Hydrogen Storage Alloy Electrode S.-M. Lee, J. -H. Kim and J.-Y. Lee 473

Hydrogen Absorption Properties of Uranium-Zirconium AlloysM. Shuai, Y. Su, P. Zhao, J. Zou and S. Wu All

Effect of Surface Modification by Ion-Implantation on Hydrogenation Property in TiFe AlloyM. Ohkawa, S. Sawada, T. Suda, S. Watanabe, S. Ohnuki and S. Nagata 481

Microstructure-Hydrogen Property Relationships in TiMn2-Based AlloysT. Matsuura, T. Yamamoto, H. Inui and M. Yamaguchi 485

In-Situ Observation of Initial Hydride Formation in Zirconium Alloys Modified by Ion-Implantationand Ion-Mixing T. Suda, R. Kobayashi, S. Watanabe and S. Ohnuki 489

Investigation of the Occurrence of New Ternary Manganese Based Hydrides by Gigapascal HighPressure Thermal Treatment

D. Kyoi, E. Ronnebro, J. Chen, N. Kitamura, T. Sakai and H. Nagai 493

Hydrogenation of Quasicrytalline Powders Prepared by Mechanical AlloyingA. Takasaki, Y. Furuya and K. F. Kelton 497

* invited paper

*Pore Structure and Hydrogen Storage of Carbon NanotubesH. Zhu, X. Li, A. Cao, C. Xu, Z. Mao, J. Liang and D. Wu 501

Analysis of Hydrogen Storage Properties in Carbon Nanotube Using the Hydrogen Thermal Desorp-tion Technique H. Lee, J. -H. Kim, Y. S. Kang and J.-Y. Lee 505

Synthesis and Protium Absorbing Properties of VGCF Grown by Fe-Based CatalystH. Kudo, K. Unno, A. Kamegawa, H. Takamura and M. Okada 509

Alloying Effects on the Stability of Vanadium Hydrides, V2H, VH and VH2

. . . H. Yukawa, S. Yamaguchi, A. Teshima, D. Yamashita, S. Ito, M. Takagi and M. Morinaga 513

Hydriding Property and Microstructure of Ti-Mn-V Based Laves Phase AlloyY. Shudo, F. Takahashi, T. Ebisawa, T. Shibayama and H. Takahashi 517

Microstructure of Titanium Based BCC Hydrogen Absorbing AlloysH. Enoki, Y. Nakamura and E. Akiba 521

Protium Absorption Properties of Ti-Cr-V-Mn Alloys in Low Pressure RegionsT. Tamura, M. Hatakeyama, T. Ebinuma, A. Kamegawa, H. Takamura and M. Okada 525

Cyclic Properties of Protium Absorption-Desorption Properties of Ti-Cr-V Alloys. . . . AT. Shirasaki, T. Tamura, T. Kuriiwa, T. Goto, A. Kamegawa, H. Takamura and M. Okada 529

Observation of Hydrogen Distribution in V-Cr-Ti Hydrogen Absorption Alloy by TritiumRadioluminography H. Homma, H. Saitoh, T. Misawa and T. Ohnishi 533

Behavior of Hydrogen in V-Zr-Ti-Ni Alloys with BCC/Laves Two-Phase Structure by TritiumRadioluminography H. Saitoh, H. Homma, T. Misawa and T. Ohnishi 537

Dependence of Fabrication Processes on the Hydrogen Absorbing Properties of Ti-Cr-V BCC Alloys. .S. Yamashia, T. Chou, A. Matsukawa and T. Sano 541

Grain Boundaries, Interfaces, Defects and Localized Quantum Structures

First Principles Calculations of Oxygen-Vacancies in Oxides/. Tanaka, F. Oba, K. Tatsumi, M. Nakano and H. Adachi 545

First-Principles Calculation of Multiplet Effects in Transition-Metal L23-Edge ELNESK. Ogasawara, T. Iwata, T. Ishii, I. Tanaka and H. Adachi 549

Local Structural Analysis around Zn in MgO-ZnO Solid Solution Using X-ray Absorption Spec-troscopy T. Mizoguchi, M. Yoshiya, I. Tanaka, H. Adachi,

S-D. Mo, W. Y. Ching, T. Yoshida and H. Yoshida 551

Interaction of Co Impurities and Native Defects in ZnOF. Oba, T. Yamamoto, Y. Ikuhara, I. Tanaka and H. Adachi 555

*First Principles Studies of Localized Defects and Materials PropertiesJ. D. Gale, V. D.-Vila, S. Fletcher, E. Artacho,

A. Garcia, P. Ordejon, D. S.-Portal, J. M. Soler 559

Local Electronic Structures and Chemical Bonding in Proton Conducting Perovskite-Type Oxide,SrZrO3 M. Yoshino, E. Mutiara, K. Kato, H. Yukawa and M. Morinaga 563

Development of X-ray Fluorescence Holography Method for Determination of Local Atomic Environ-ment K. Hayashi, Y. Takahashi, E. Matsubara, S. Kishimoto,

T. Mori, M. Tanaka, S. Hayakawa and M. Suzuki 567

*Perturbed Angular Correlation Study of Localized States in SolidsS. Nasu, T. Ohtomo, K. Baba and S. Morimoto 571

Application of TDPAC (A Nuclear Method) to Ferroelectric Materials ResearchY. Ohkubo, Y. Murakami, T. Saito, A. Yokoyama, S. Uehara and Y. Kawase 575

Theoretical Calculation of Positron Lifetimes in Intermetallic CompoundsM. Mizuno, D. Nakamura, H. Araki and Y. Shirai 579

Relativistic Multiplet Calculations of Absorption Spectra for Rare-Earth-Based Solid-State LaserMaterials K. Fujimura, T. Tohei, T. Ishii, K. Ogasawara, I. Tanaka and H. Adachi 583

Migration Energy of Lithium Ions by First Principles CalculationsY. Yamada, Y. Koyama, I. Tanaka, S. R. Nishitani, H. Adachi and Y. Kowada 587

* invited paper

Feasibility Study of Determination of Local Lattice Distortion by X-ray Fluorescence Holography..Y. Takahashi, K. Hayashi and E. Matsubara 591

140Ce TDPAC of CeRu2Ge2

T. Ohtomo, S. Nasu, K. Baba, Y. Onuki, Y. Kawase and T. Saito 595mCd Time Differential Perturbed Angular Correlation (TDPAC) Study of Fe, Co and Ni

K. Baba, S. Nasu, T. Ohtomo, S. Morimoto and T. Saito 597

Anomalous Vacancy-Generation during Ordering Transformation of Ni3Fe Studied by Positron Life-time Spectroscopy P. Chalermkarnnon, H. Araki and Y. Shirai 599

Creation of a Ferromagnetic Layer in CaB6 by an RI Beam-Implantation TechniqueM. Tanigaki, Y. Ohkubo, A. Taniguchi, Y. Kawase and T. Sasanuma 603

Growth of Single Crystalline Films of Fe4 +-Oxides: From the Viewpoint of Defect ChemistryTV. Hayashi, T. Terashima and M. Takano 607

*Local Electronic Structures and Chemical Bonding in Hydrogen Storage AlloysM. Morinaga and H. Yukawa 611

*First Principles Calculations of Cathode Materials for Lithium BatteriesY. Koyama, I. Tanaka and H. Adachi 615

Electronic Structures of Lithium Absorbed in Carbon NanotubesY. Liu, T. Akamatsu, H. Yukawa and M. Morinaga 619

Critical Dimensions for YBCO Islands Grown by Pulsed Laser DepositionCM. Gilmore and J. Kim 623

*Preparation of C60 and Sulfur Compound for Development of New PhotocatalysesH. Takahashi, E. Matsubara, N. Sato, S. Matsubara,

M. Shim, K. Shinoda, A. Muramatsu and K. Tohji 627

Local Quantum Structure and Photocatalytic Property in ZnS FilmsK. Shinoda, K. Tohji, H. Takahashi, A. Muramatsu, N. Sato and E. Matsubara 631

Electron Energy-Loss Spectroscopy of Conductive Hard Carbon Films Prepared by Electron-Cyclotron-Resonance Plasma Sputtering . . . . Y. Murooka, N. Tanaka, S. Hirono and M. Hibino 635

Microstructure Characterization of LiNb0.5O3 Films Deposited on Sapphire Substrates by ThermalPlasma Spray CVD / . Shibata, Y. Ikuhara, S. A. Kulinich, H. Yamamoto,

T. Yamamoto, K. Terashima and T. Yoshida 639

Local Atomic Structural Study in Electrodeposited Mo-Ni AlloysT. Sato, H. Takahashi, A. Muramatsu and E. Matsubara 643

Synthesis of Fullerenes/Sulfur CompoundsH. Takahashi, N. Sato, A. Muramatsu, S. Matsubara, K. Tohji and E. Matsubara 647

First-Principles Study of the Mechanical Properties of Ceramic Interfaces M. Kohyama 651

First-Principles Study of 3C-SiC/Ti Polar Interfaces S. Tanaka (SWING) and M. Kohyama 655

Effects of Environmental Dependency on Al Grain Boundary Energy CalculationS. R. Nishitani, S. Ohgushi, I. Tanaka, A. Otsuki and H. Adachi 659

Application of Tight-Binding and Path Probability Methods to the Atomistic Properties of theArtificial Superlattices K. Masuda-Jindo and R. Kikuchi 663

*Grain Boundary and Localized Quantum Structures in Structural CeramicsT. Sakuma, H. Yoshida and Y. Ikuhara 667

*Towards the Application of Ab-initio ELNES/XANES Spectral Calculation to Grain Boundaries andInterfaces W.-Y. Ching, S.-D. Mo, Y. Chen and P. Rulis 671

Electrical Properties in Nb-Doped SrTiO3 Bicrystals.... T. Yamamoto, Y. Ikuhara and T. Sakuma 675

Atomic Structure and Segregation of [110] Symmetric Tilt Grain Boundaries in Cubic ZirconiaBicrystals N. Shibatas, T. Yamamoto, Y. Ikuhara and T. Sakuma 679

Interfacial Structure of CVD TiC/Alumina MultilayersC. Ruberto, M. Halvarsson and S. Ruppi 683

Atomic and Electronic Structures of TiO2 and Au/TiO2 InterfacesK. Okazaki, M. Kohyama, S. Tanaka (SWING), K. Tanaka and M. Haruta 687

* invited paper

Structure Analysis of GaN Thin Film with Inversion Domains by HVARMC. Iwamoto, X. Q. Shen, H. Okumura, H. Matuhata and Y. Ikuhara 691

Basal Slip and Dislocation Structure in Sapphire . . . . /I. Nakamura, T. Yamamoto and Y. Ikuhara 695

Prediction of Interface Boundaries in a BCC/HCP System by Three Dimensional Near-CoincidenceSite Lattice Modeling N. Miyano, H. Fujiwara, K. Ameyama and G. C. Weatherly 699

Interfacial FCC to 9R Reconstruction through Dislocation Emission at a 90 Degree {110) TiltBoundary in Gold D. L. Medlin, S. M. Foiles and D. Cohen 703

*Ceramic Interfaces at Sub-Nanometer Scale H. Gu 705

Role of Grain Boundaries in High Tc Superconductors C. S. Pande and O. P. Arora 709

Internal Friction Analysis of Cation-Doped Silicon CarbidesH. Nishimura, Y. Ikuhara, K. Ota and G. Pezzotti 713

Rheological Behavior of Silicon Nitride and Silicon Carbide Polycrystals with Si-O-C-N Glass at GrainBoundaries H. Nishimura, K. Ota and G. Pezzotti 111

Interface Structure of Metallic Strained Epitaxial SuperlatticesT. Kingetsu, Y. Kamada and M. Yamamoto 721

Structure, Energy and Strength of [001] Symmetric Tilt Boundaries in Zirconia BicrystalsN. Morishige, N. Shibata, T. Yamamoto and Y. Ikuhara 725

Interface Structures in NdBCO/MgO and YBCO/MgO Superconducting Films Grown by LPEMethod T. Murata, J. Shibata, T. Yamamoto, Y. Sugawara,

K. Nomura, T. Izumi, Y. Shiohara and Y. Ikuhara 729

Internal Friction Behavior of Alumina Polycrystals with Engineered Grain BoundariesK. Nakagawa, G. Pezzotti, K. Ota, Y. Ikuhara and T. Sakuma 733

Effect of Chemical Bonding State on Grain Boundary Fracture of 3Y-TZPS. Yokota, A. Kuwabara, Y. Ikuhara and T. Sakuma 737

E x p e r i m e n t a l a n d T h e o r e t i c a l I n v e s t i g a t i o n s o f t h e P h a s e D e c o m p o s i t i o n in Z r O 2 - Y O , . 5 S y s t e m . . . .M. Doi, T. Koyama and T. Kozakai 741

Study of Grain Boundary Migration in AluminaJ. K. Farrer, N. Ravishankar, J. R. Michael and C. B. Carter 745

Grain Boundary Sliding and Atomic Structure in Alumina BicrystalT. Watanabe, H. Yoshida, Y. Ikuhara, T. Sakuma, H. Muto and M. Sakai 749

Effects of Small Additional Elements on Nano-Structural Evolution in Crepty. Yano, Y. Yoshida, T. Shibayama and H. Takahashi 753

*The Effects of Grain Boundary Properties on Microstructural Evolution: Discontinuous SubgrainGrowth E. A. Holm, M. A. Miodownik and G. N. Hassold 757

*Effect of External Electric Field on the Boundary Migration of A12O3 CeramicsJ.-H. Han and D.-Y. Kim 761

Coupled Simulations of Deformation and Grain GrowthC. C. Battaile, T. E. Buccheit, G. W. Wellman, M. K. Neislen and E. A. Holm 763

*Grain Boundary Character Distribution of Zirconium Grain-Refined by Equal Channel AngularPressing S. Yu, J. Chung, H. Ryoo, M. Kim, D. Shin and S. K. Hwang 767

Structural Analysis of Grain Boundaries in Pure Aluminum Produced By ECAP/. Kim, W. S. Jung, J. Kim and D. H. Shin 111

A <5-Function Model of Facets T. Xin and H. Wong 775

Effect of Grain Boundary Character on Grain Boundary Dynamics D. A. Molodov 779

Effect of Substrate Temperature on the Surface Morphology and Interface Structure of PtSi/p-Si ..J. Yin, Y. Zheng, W. Cai, P. Wang, L. Zhao 783

Properties and Microstructure of Pure Al Powder Compacts Using Spark Plasma SinteringG. Xie, O. Ohashi, M. Song, K. Furuya and T. Noda 787

Contact Mechanism and Bond Formation of Al/glass Anodic BondingQ.F. Xing, G. Sasaki and H. Fukunaga 791

* invited paper

Embittlement of Cu [Oil] Symmetric Tilt Boundaries Induced by Sb SegregationR. Monzen, T. Kuze, O. Matsuda and H. Miura 795

Misorientation Dependence of Discontinuous Precipitation Reaction at [001] Twist Boundaries in aCu-0.75 mass% Be Alloy R. Monzen, K. Kita and H. Shigehara 799

The High-Temperature Creep Resistance in Trivalent Cation Co-Doped AluminaT. Ishii, H. Yoshida, Y. Ikuhara and T. Sakuma 803

Surface Gradient Layer on Al-Si Alloy Through Multiple Laser Treatments ... X. Cai and T. Zhao 807

Intermetallics

*Overview of the Effects of Testing Environment on the Mechanical Properties of FeAl/. Baker, D. Wu, M. Wittmann and E. P. George 811

The Effect of Boron on the Yield Strength Anomaly in FeAl Single CrystalsE. P. George, D. M. Wu, E. H. Lee and I. Baker 815

Composite Steel Based on Iron AluminidesN. Masahashi, N. Kondo, S. Watanabe and S. Hanada 819

Time and Orientation Dependence of the Ferromagnetism in Plastically Strained FeAl Single CrystalsD. Wu, P. Munroe and I. Baker 823

Investigation of Fe2AlX Compounds with the L2rStructureM. W. Wittmann, S. L. Johns, V. N. Durand and I. Baker 827

The Elevated Temperature Tensile Properties of NiAl-Cr(Zr) Multiphase Intermetallic AlloyJ. Guo, Y. Qi, C. Cui, G. Li and Q. Tai 831

Mechanically Synthesis, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of NiAl-Based CompositesF. Yang, J. Guo, G. Li and J. Zhou 835

Evolution of the Microstructure Change of the Ni-19Si-3Nb-O.15B Intermetallic Alloy by Heat Treat-ment J. S. C. Jang and L. J. Chang 839

Constitutional Vacancies in CoAl Studied by Positron Lifetime SpectroscopyH. Araki, T. Mimura, P. Chatermkarnnon, M. Mizuno and Y. Shirai 843

Accelerated Coarsening of Disordered y Precipitates in an Elastically Constrained Ni-Al-Ti Alloy..T. Maebashi, T. Koyama and M. Doi 847

Feasibility of NiAI Padding and Welding by SHS Reaction between Powder and DropletsK. Matsuura, T. Koyanagi, M. Kudoh, J.-H. Oh, S. Kirihara and Y. Miyamoto 851

Intrinsic Diffusion and Diffusion Mechanisms in the B2-NiAl PhaseR. Nakamura, Y. Yamazaki and Y. Iijima 855

Control of Microstructure and Crystal Orientation Distribution in NiAl-Based (/?/y') Two PhaseAlloys by Thermomechanical Processing T. Sakata, H. Y. Yasuda and Y. Umakoshi 859

The Effect of Rapid Solidification Processing and Cu Macroalloying Additions to NiAI AlloysB. Campillo, O. Alvarez, C. Gonzalez, R. Perez and J. A. Juarez-Islas 863

Microstructures in Cold-Rolled Thin Foils of Ni3AlK. Kishida, M. Demura, T. Hirano and Y. Suga 867

Effects of Ternary Additions on the Mechanical Properties and Oxidation Behavior of Cast Ni3AlBased Alloys S. Li, D. Feng and H. Luo 871

*Advances in the Development and Processing of Titanium Aluminide AlloysF. Appel, H. Clemens, U. Lorenz, M. Oehring and J. D. H. Paul 875

Thermal Stability of a Fully Lamellar y-TiAl Based AlloyM. Beschliesser, A. Lorich, H. Kestler, H. Clemens and F. Jeglitsch 879

Manufacturing and Properties of TiAl Components Used for Aircraft EngineJ. Li, S. Li, J. Wu, J. Zhang, W. Ma, D. Zou and Z. Zhong 883

* Application Research of Ti-Al-Nb Intermetallic Compound AlloysS. Li, J. Zhang, D. Zou, J. Li, Z. Zhong, H. Zhu, Z. Li and G. Hou 887

Observation of Localized Dislocations Near Fracture Surface in Cr Doped y-TiAlK. Hashimoto and Y. Takei 891

* invited paper

Effect of Ball Milling on Annealing Processes in Extra-Fast Solidified Ti-Al-Mo Alloy Powders....S. Hata, T. Yoshida, N. Kuwano and K. Oki 895

Synthesis of Ti-Based Intermetallic Compound and the Composites Using Underwater ShockCompression Technique

K. Hokamoto, J.-S. Lee, Y. Suwa, S. Itoh, R. Tomoshige and M. Fujita 899

Computer Simulation of the Phase Decomposition in Al-Rich TiAl Intermetallic Compound Based onthe Phase Field Method T. Koyama, M. Doi and S. Naito 903

Constraint Deformation of TiAl PST Crystals T. Morita, H. Inui and M. Yamaguchi 907

Effect of Microstructure on Time-Dependent Hydrogen Absorption in Ti-22Al-27Nb Alloysy. Okabe, K. Ito, L. T. Zhang, V. K. Vasudevan and M. Yamaguchi 911

Creep Deformation of Directionally-Solidified TiAl-Based Alloys with Aligned LamellarMicrostructures

Y. Omiya, S. Muto, T. Yamanaka, D. R. Johnson, H. Inui and M. Yamaguchi 915

Orientation Control of Lamellar Mictrostructure in TiAl Intermetallic Compound by ReactiveDiffusion of Aluminum and Textured Titanium Foils and High-Temperature Deformation

H. Fukutomi, K. Matsumura, K.-S. Park and S. Kikuchi 919

*On the Transformation Kinetics of /?->£ Reaction in a Ti45A12CrlSi AlloyJ.-K. Park, C.-Y. Lee, S. -K. Kim and M.-S. Oh 923

Long-Term Oxidation Properties of Al-Ti-Cr Two-Phase Alloys as Coating Materials for TiAl Alloy ..J.-K. Lee, H.-N. Lee, M.-H. Oh and D.-M. Wee 927

The Investigation of a2 Phase Transformation Controlled Creep Deformation Mechanism in theLamellar TiAl Alloy S. J. Yang and S. W. Nam 931

Reactive Sintering and Mechanical Properties of Fully Lamellar TiAl-Mn Based Intermetallics byVacuum Hot Pressing S.-H. Yang, M.-S. Kim and A. Chiba 935

Fabrication of TiAl-Mn Intermetallic Compounds by Reactive Electro-Pressure SinteringS.-H. Yang and M.-S. Kim 939

Electronic Simulations of TiAl-Based Intermetallics-Alloying EffectsZ. X. Guo, Y. Song and R. Yang 943

Advances in Cubic Titanium Trialuminide IntermetallicsR. A. Varin, T. Czujko and L. Zbroniec 947

Producion of Aluminum-Based Ll2 Compounds and Their Mechanical PropertiesS. Ogawa, D. Tanda, T. Ijuin, S. Ikoma, T. Mum and S. Takeuchi 951

The Effect of Heat-Treatment on Microstructures of Nb/Nb5Si3 in situ CompositeS. Qu, R. Wang and Y. Han 955

Pseud-Superplastic Deformation of a TiC/Ti5Si3 NANO Grain Composite Produced by Non-Equilibrium PM Process K. Tagaya, Y. Suehiro and K. Ameyama 959

Microstructure and Mechanical Property of Nbss/Nb5Si3 in-situ Composites Alloyed with Molybde-num W.-Y. Kim, H. Tanaka, A. Kasama, R. Tanaka and S. Hanada 963

Crystal Structure and Some Physical Properties of Defect Disilicide Formed with ReK. Kuwabara, H. Hoshikawa, K. Tanaka, H. Inui and M. Yamaguchi 967

Design of Mo-Si-B-O Pseudo In-situ Composites for High Temperature ApplicationsS. Nakatani, K. Yoshimi, S. Hanada, S.-H. Ko and Y.-H. Park 971

Analysis of Protective Oxide Scale on Mo5SiB2-Based Alloy Oxidized at High TemperatureK. Yoshimi, S. Hanada and E. Aoyagi 975

Diffusion of 71Ge and "Mo in Molybdenum DisilicideM. Salomon, K. Ito, M. Yamaguchi and H. Mehrer 979

Directional Solidification of Cr-Si AlloysA. K. Jdmting, L. Heatherly, E. P. George and G. M. Pharr 983

Synthesis of Single Crystals and Some Physical Properties of Boron CarbideTV. Okamoto, H. Inui and M. Yamaguchi 987

invited paper

Thermal Conductivity of Intermetallic Compounds with Ternary Additionsy. Terada, T. Mohri and T. Suzuki 991

The Effect of Stoichiometry in C15 HfCo2

D. J. Thoma, K. C. Chen, M. I. Baskes and E. J. Peterson 995

Deformation of Hydrogen-Absorbing Intermetallic CompoundsH. Inui, T. Yamamoto, M. Hirota and M. Yamaguchi 999

Lead-Free Electronics Packaging

*Status of Pb-Free Soldering Development at Hitachi and in the IMS ProjectK. Serizawa, M. Okamoto, H. Shimokawa, T. Nakatsuka, T. Soga and A. Nakano 1003

Lead-Free Solder Assembly for Automotive Alternators T.-Y. Pan, S. C. White, E. L. Lutz 1007

*The Development and Trends of Lead-Free Solders in China /. Ma 1011

High Performance Pb-Free Solder for Wave Soldering/. Murai, G. Izuta, Y. Sakagami and K. Murakami 1015

*High Temperature Leed-Free Solder for MicroelectronicsF. W. Gayle, A. Syed, J. Badgett, G. Whitten, T.-Y. Pan, A. Grusd, B. Bauer, R. Lathrop,J. Slattery, I. Anderson, J. Foley, A. Gickler, D. Napp, J. Mather, C. Olson and G. Becka 1019

Alloying Effects in Near-Eutectic Tin-Silver-Copper Solder JointsI.E. Anderson, J. C. Foley, B. A. Cook, J. Harringa, R. L. Terpstra and O. Unal 1023

Effects of Impurities on Solderability of Sn-3.OAg-O.5Cu Lead-Free SolderN. Katayama, H. Tanaka, M. Akanuma, M. Miyazaki,

S. Nomura, T. Takei and T. Takemoto 1027

The Effect of Cu Addition to Sn-3.5Ag Solder Joint W. K. Choi, S. W. Jeong and H. M. Lee 1031

The Effect of Oxygen Concentration on the Comparative Solderability of Eutectic Sn/Ag/Cu andSn/Pb S. M. Adams and P. F. Stratton 1035

SnAgCu: Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical PropertiesO. Fouassier, J. Chazelas and J.-F. Silvain 1039

Effect of Cooling Rate on Microstructure and Strength Properties of Tin-Silver-Copper Solder BallBonding K. Noguchi, M. Ikeda, I. Shimizu and Y. Ohno 1043

Strenght of Solder Joints with Lead-Free Sn-Ag and Sn-Bi AlloysS. Kikuchi, M. Nishimura and I. Nakajima 1047

Effect of Alloying Additives on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Sn-Ag-Cu SolderAlloys K.-S. Kim, S.-H. Huh and K. Suganuma 1051

^Reliability Assessment for Micro Lead -Free Solder Joints in Electronics Package Q. Yu 1055

Reliability of Reflow-Soldered Microjoints with Lead Free SoldersA. Hirose, T. Fujii, T. Imamura and K. F. Kobayashi 1059

Microstructure and Reliabilty of BGA Joint Using Lead Free SoldersK. Uenishi, T. Saeki, Y. Kohara, M. Nishiura and K. F. Kobayashi 1063

Mechanical Properties of Sn-Based Solders at Temperatures between 223 and 398KT. Narita, J. Tanaka, X. Han, T. Takashima,

H. Shimokawa, M. Okamoto and K. Serizawa 1067

Thermal Fatigue Damage of Lead-Free Soldered Through-Hole CircuitS.-H. Huh, K.-S. Kim and K. Suganuma 1071

Microstructural Evolution in Pb-Free Solder MicrojointsJ.W. Morris Jr., H. G. Song and Y. H. Kim 1075

The Alloy Design of the Pb-Free High-Temperature Solder System / . H. Kim and H. M. Lee 1079

Thermodynamic Calculation of Phase Equilibria in the In-Ag-X (X = Bi, Sb) SystemX. J. Liu, I. Ohnuma, R. Kainuma and K. Ishida 1083

The Effect of Ni Addition on the Properties and Production Performance of Sn-Cu Alloys as Lead-Free Solder T. Nishimura, S. Suenaga and M. Ikeda 1087

Coupled Zone in Sn-Ag Binary Alloys H. Esaka, M. Tsuji, M. Tamura and K. Shinozuka 1091

* invited paper

A Study on the Novel Lead-Free Solder AlloyL. Huang, J. S. Ma, G. Chen, Z. Geng and H. Ning 1095

Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Sn-Ag-Bi Pb-Free SolderH. Shimokawa, T. Soga, T. Nakatsuka and K. Serizawa 1099

Study on the Sn-Pb and Sn-Ag Electroplating for Bump Formation in Flip Chip ApplicationH. Hwang, S.-M. Hong, C.-S. Kang and J.-P. Jung 1103

Influence of Bi Addition on Joint Strength between Electrode and Sn-3Ag Lead-Free SolderC.-W. Hwang and K. Suganuma 1107

Mechanical Properties of Eutectic Sn-Bi Lead-Free Solder with Ag AdditionT. Sakai and K. Suganuma 1111

The Formation of Whiskers on Electroplated Tin Containing CopperK.-W. Moon, M. E. Williams, C. E. Johnson,

G. R. Stafford, C. A. Handwerker and W. J. Boettinger 1115

Role of Electrode Potential in Wetting of Lead-Free Solders T. Takemoto and T. Funaki 1119

Interpretation of Dynamic Wetting Behavior in the Wetting Balance Method by NumericalSimulation J. W. Han, J. Y. Park, H. K. Lee, D. H. Kam, C. S. Kang 1123

Analysis of the Reaction between Sn-Ag Solder and Ni40Fe/Cu/Ta/Si Under Bump Metallization forFlip Chip Application J. S. Ha, J. Y. Park, C. W. Yang, S. H. Urn,

C. U. Kim, C. S. Kang and J. P. Jung 1127

Preparation of High Grade Monosized Particles of Lead-Free Solder AlloysA. Kawasaki, Y. Kobayashi, K. Ichiki, Y. S. Kang and R. Watanabe 1131

Transformation of Lead-Free Solder Made of High Purity Tin at Low TemperatureY. J. Joo and T. Takemoto 1135

Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys

*Secondary Deformation Modes and Generalized Plasticity in Magnesium and Its Solid SolutionAlloys S. R. Agnew, J. A. Horton and M. H. Yoo 1139

Slip Deformation Behavior by Non-Basal Slips in Magnesium AlloysS. Ando, Y. Kawamura and H. Tonda 1143

Generalized Stacking Fault Energy and Dislocation Behavior on Prismatic Plane in Magnesium: aFirst-Principles Study T. Uesugi, M. Kohyama, M. Kohzu and K. Higashi WAI

Plastic Deformation of Magnesium and Magnesium Alloy at Low to High TemperatureR. Kaibyshev, T. Sakai, H. Miura, O. Sitdikov and A. Galiyev 1151

Effect of Stressing Direction in Compression and Tensile Creep Behavior of Magnesium-AluminumSolid Solution Alloys at around 600K H. Sato, K. Sawada, K. Maruyama and H. Oikawa 1155

Creep Behavior and Fracture of Mg-Al Alloy under a Condition of Constant StressK. Ishikawa, F. Ishikawa, K. Kido and Y. Kobayashi 1159

Effects of Initial Microstructure on Creep Behavior of Precipitation-Hardened Mg-Y Alloys at53OK M. Suzuki, T. Kimura, H. Sato, J. Koike, K. Maruyama and H. Oikawa 1163

Creep Properties of Conventional Magnesium Diecasting AlloysS. Kamado, I. A. Anyanwu, Y. Oshima and Y. Kojima 1167

Development of Rapidly Solidified Powder Matallurgy Magnesium Alloys with Excellent YieldStrength above 600 MPa Y. Kawamura, Kentaro Hayashi, J. Koike and A. Inoue 1171

Development of Heat Resistant Magnesium Alloys for Automotive Powertrain PartsS. Kamado, I. A. Anyanwu, S. Nozawa, Y. Kojima, S. Takeda and T. Ishida 1175

*Strength and Ductility of Mg Alloys /. Koike 1179

Ductility Enhancement of Commercial Magnesium Alloys by Controlling Grain StructuresT. Mukai, H. Watanabe, K. Ishikawa and K. Higashi 1183

Equal Channel Angular Pressing of Mg Alloys; Processing, Microstructure and MechanicalProperties S.-Y. Chang, D. H. Shin, H. Tezuka and T. Sato 1187

* invited paper

Grain Refining of Mg-Li-Zn Alloys by ECAE Process and Their Tensile Propertiesy. Yoshida, H. Yamada, S. Kamado and Y. Kojima 1191

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Grain-Refined Wrought Magnesium Alloys

y. Yoshida, H. Yamada, S. Kamado and Y. Kojima 1195

New Grain Refiner for Mg-Al-Zn Alloys T. Motegi, E. Yano and Y. Tamura 1199

Characterisation of Primary Intermetallic Phases in a Mg-Zn-Al Casting AlloyL. Bourgeois, C. L. Mendis, B. C. Muddle and J.-F. Nie 1203

Enhanced Precipitation Hardening in Mg-Zn-Al Casting AlloysC. K. Mendis, B. C. Muddle and J.-F. Nie 1207

The Heat Treatment of Hot Isostatically Pressed Magnesium Alloys P. F. Station 1211

*Green-State Forming of Magnesium Base Functional Alloys T. Aizawa 1215

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of New Hydrides in Ca-Mg-Ni Systems under High-Pressurey. Goto, H. Kakuta, A. Kamegawa, H. Takamura and M. Okada 1219

Microstructure and Protium Absorption/Desorption Characteristics of Mg2Ni/LaNi5 Composite . . .H. Okumura, A. Matsui, S. Yamagiwa, S. Kamado and Y. Kojima 1223

Microstructural Evolution of Mg-Al Based Alloy by HDDRT. Miyashita, A. Kamegawa, H. Takamura and M. Okada 1227

Mechanical Properties of Controlled Open Cell Magnesium Alloy Foam Under Dynamic Loading ..K. Shimojima, Y. Yamada, C. Wen, Y. Chino and M. Mabuchi 1231

Effects of Cell Structure on Mechanical Properties of a Magnesium Foamy. Yamada, C. Wen, K. Shimojima, Y. Chino and M. Mabuchi 1235

Effects of Compocasting Conditions on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of A118B4O33/AZ91D Composites G. Sasaki, M. Yashida, J. Pan, H. Fukunaga, N. Fuyama and T. Fujii 1239

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Semi-Solid Formed Magnesium AlloysT. Kayuta, T. Araki, S. Kamado and Y. Kojima 1243

Application of Semi-Solid Forming to Heat Resistant Mg-Zn-Al-RE-Ca AlloysN. G. Antara, T. Kayuta, S. Kamado and Y. Kojima 1247

Superplasticity and Welding Behavior in Four Mg-Al-Zn Base AlloysH. K. Lin, S. F. Su, and J. C. Huang 1251

Diffusion Bonding in Superplastic AZ31 Magnesium AlloysH. Somekawa, H. Hosokawa, H. Watanabe, M. Kohzu and K. Higashi 1255

Direct Adhesion of Polymer to Polymer Plated Magnesium AlloysK. Mori, Z. Kang, P. Gong, H. Sasaki and Y. Oishi 1259

Surface Modification of Magnesium Alloys by Deposition CoatingH. Tsubakino, A. Yamamoto, A. Watanabe, K. Sugahara and S. Fukumoto 1263

In Situ Observations of Corrosion Behavior in Magnesium Alloys and Deposition Coated MagnesiumAlloys A. Yamamoto, A. Watanabe, K. Sugahara, H Tsubakino and S. Fukumoto 1267

Polymer Plating of 6-Dihexylamino-l,3,5-Triazine-2,4-Dithiol on Magnesium Alloys and its Corro-sion Resistance K. Mori, Z. Kang and Y. Oishi 1271

Corrosion Resistance of Surface Treated AZ91D Magnesium Alloys in the AtmosphereH. Umehara, M. Takaya and T. Itoh 1275

Corrosion Behavior of Mg-Li Alloys in Salt Water EnvironmentK. Matsuzawa, T. Saga, S. Nagai, M. Inoue, S. Kamado and Y. Kojima 1279

Gas Nitriding of Refined Magnesium via Bulk Mechanical AlloyingP. Visuttipitukul, T. Luangvaranunt, T. Aizawa and H. Kuwahara 1283

Surface Modification of AZ91E Magnesium Alloy by Laser Melt Injection Using Al-30mass%Si AlloyPowder S. Kamado, Y. Kojima, T. Takagi, H. Hiraga and T. Inoue 1287

Developments of Solid Recycling Process for Magnesium Alloys Scrap Using Hot Extrusiony. Chino, R. Kishihara, K. Shimojima, Y. Yamada, C. Wen, H. Iwasaki and M. Mabuchi 1291

Dissolution and Deposition of Impurities in Magnesium ElectrolysisT. Takenaka, T. Fujita, S. Isazawa and M. Kawakami 1295

* invited paper

Vacuum Distillation of Commercial Magnesium IngotM. Inoue, M. Iwai, S. Kamado and Y. Kojima 1299

Structural Optimization of Plate Wing with Magnesium Alloys for Supersonic FlutterH. Furuya and I. Fukuchi 1303

Reliability-Based Optimum Design of Magnesium Alloy Panel Subject to Vibration N. Kogiso 1307

Radiation-Induced Effects by High Energy Particle/Solid Interaction

*Determination of Gas Generation Cross Sections in Alloys and Pure Metals Irradiated in Mixed High-Energy Proton and Spallation Neutron Spectra in LANSCE at 30-60° C

F. A. Garner, M. L. Hamilton, B. M. Oliver, L. R. Greenwood,S. A. Maloy, W. F. Sommer, M. R. James and P. D. Ferguson 1311

Effects of Varying Temperature Irradiation of the Microstructure of Neutron Irradiated AusteniticStainless Steels H. Watanabe, T. Muroga and N. Yoshida 1315

Changes of Mechanical Properties and Microstructure in Vanadium Alloys Under Neutron IrradiationK. Fukumoto, Y. Yan, H. Tsai, D. L. Smith and H. Matsui 1319

Modification of Vanadium Alloys by Selecting Alloying Elements and Melting MethodsT. Chuto, M. Satou, A. Hasegawa, K. Abe, T. Nagasaka,

T. Muroga, S. Tomiyama and M. Sakata 1323

Damages Formed in Pure Gold Irradiated with 14MeV D-T Neutron at Fusion Neutron Source FacilityFNS in JAERI H. Ohkubo, K. Sugio, I. Mukouda and Y. Shimomura 1327

Inter-Diffusion and Amorphization During Ion-Irradiation in Mo/Si Nano-Multi-Layer Materials . .S. Ohnuki, F. Arimoto, S. Watanabe, P. R. Okamoto, N. Q. Lam and H. Abe 1331

Amorphization in the Immiscible Cu/Ta and Cu/Nb Multilayers by Ion Beam Assisted DepositionF. Pan, F. Zeng, B. Zhao and J. Chen 1335

Spatio-Temporal Structural Fluctuations in the Intermetallic Compound NiTi During Radiation-Induced Crystalline-to-Amorphous Transformation

S. Watanabe, T. Koike, M. Hoshino, T. Suda, S. Ohnuki, H. Takahashi and N. Q. Lam 1339

*Formation of Amorphous Alloys by Ion Mixing and Its Thermodynamic and Atomistic Modeling inthe Binary Metal Systems B. Liu 1343

Dynamical Study of Radiation-Induced Amorphization in NiTi by High Resolution - High VoltageElectron Microscopy T. Koike, S. Watanabe, T. Suda, S. Ohnuki and H. Takahashi 1347

Electron-Irradiation-Induced Amorphization in Mo/Si Nano-Multilayer MaterialE. Shioya, T. Suda, S. Watanabe, S. Ohnuki, M. Ishino, O. Yoda, H. Abe and F. Phillip 1351

Defect Accumulation in Cubic Silicon Carbide as Studied by Charged Particle Irradiationy. Katoh, H. Kishimoto, K. Jimbo and A. Kohyama 1355

Experimental and Computational Studies of Radiation Effects in Silicon CarbideW. J. Weber, F. Gao, W. Jiang and R. Devanathan 1359

The Stability of SiC/SiC Composites with Highly Crystalline Fiber to Neutron Irradiation up to10 dpa T. Hinoki, Y. Katoh and A. Kohyama 1363

Deformation During Surface Modification of Silicon Carbide Using Rare-Gas Ion-Beam Irradiation . .S. Nogami, S. Ohtsuka, M. B. Toloczko, A. Hasegawa and K. Abe 1367

The Interphase Staubility Under Dual-Ion Irradiation in Advanced SiC/SiC CompositesH. Kishimoto, Y. Katoh and A. Kohyama 1371

*Damages Formed in Pure Cu Irradiated by 14 MeV D-T Neutrons at Fusion Neutron Source Facility(FNS) in JAERI Y. Shimomura, K. Sugio, I. Mukouda, M. Kuchiwaki,

H. Ohkubo, C. Kutsukake and H. Takeuchi 1375

Void Swelling as a Stochastic, Evolutionary Process M. P. Surh and W. G. Wolfer 1379

Effects of Helium on Radiation Damage Processes in IronK. Morishita, B. D. Wirth, T. D. de la Rubia and A. Kimura 1383

Energetics of Vacancy Clusters of 1 to 150 Vacancies in FCC Metals, Gold, Silver, Copper, Nickel andAluminum, with EAM Potentials R. Nishiguchi and Y. Shimomura 1387

* invited paper

Point Defect Properties of Vanadium and Molybdenum Studied by Computer Simulations withJhonson and Oh EAM Potentials K. Sugio, Y. Shimomura and H. Huang 1391

Thermal Helium Desorption from a-IronK. Morishita, R. Sugano, H. Iwakiri, N. Yoshida and A. Kimura 1395

Finite Element Method Simulation of Notch Deformation utilized in Confocal Microscope/FractureReconstruction Analyses of Subsized Charpy V-Notch Specimens

T. Yamamoto, G. R. Odette, G. E. Lucas and H. Matsui 1399

The Effect of Dose Rate on Microstructural Evolution in Austenitic Model Alloys Irradiated with FastNeutrons T. Okita, T. Sato, N. Sekimura and F. A. Garner 1403

Predicting the Radiation Tolerance of Oxides K. E. Sickafus and R. W. Grimes 1407

Radiation-Induced Defects in Oxide Ceramics Under Displacive and Ionizing RadiationK. Yasuda and C. Kinoshita 1411

Transient Radiation-Induced Effects in Magnesium-Doped Lithium NiobateW. J. Thomes, Jr., K. Simmons-Potter, B. G. Potter Jr. and L. S. Weichman 1415

Theoretical Study of Radiation Effects in Thorium Phosphate Diphosphate Th4(PO4)4P2O7A. Chartier, C. Meis, N. Dacheux and M. Genet 1419

Radiation-Induced Disordering in Magnesium Aluminate Spinel Studied by Electron ChannelingX-ray Spectroscopy T. Soeda, M. Shimada, S. Matsumura, N. J. Zaluzec and C. Kinoshita 1423

Optical and Ion Channeling Analyses of Point Defect Accumulation in Spinel and Cubic Zirconia Dueto Ion Irradiation /. V. Afanasyev-Charkin, V. T. Gtitsyna, D. W. Cooke,

M. Ishimaru, B. L. Bennett and K. E. Sickafus 2967

Suppression of Anion Vacancy Formation in Neutron Irradiated MGO:Li Crystals: Camouflage orFact? R. Gonzalez, I. Vergara, D. Cdceres and Y. Chen 1427

Review of Hellium Effects on Irradiation Embrittlement in Reduced Activation Ferritic SteelsA. Kimura, R. Kasada, K. Morishita, R. Sugano, A. Kohyama,

T. Yamamoto, H. Matsui, A. Hasegawa, K. Abe, N. Yamamoto 1431

Effect of Transmutation Helium on Damage Structure in Dual Irradiated Austenitic SteelsH. Kinoshita, S. Ohyagi, D.-S. Bae, B.-F. Hu and H. Takahashi 1435

Flux Effects on the Subsize Charpy Impact Properties of Neutron Irradiated A533B SteelT. Yamamoto, H. Matsui, M. Narui and K. Dohi 1439

Dependence of Susceptibility to IGSCC on the Location in HAZ of Welded SUS304L Core Shroud forBWR K. Isomura, A. Kimura, R. Kasada, K. Itoh, H. Yuya and Y. Naruse 1443

Radiation Effect on Corrosion Susceptibility of Heat Affected Zone in Weld Stainless SteelsT. Mitamura, M. Terasawa, S. Nakahigashi, S. Fukumoto,H. Tsubakino, K. Nakamura, A. Kinomura and Y. Horino 1447

The Influence of Delta(<5) Ferrite on the Irradiation Effects in Type 304 Stainless Steel Weldment...S.-H. Chi, Y.-K. Shin, G.-C. Kim, Y.-J. Kim and J.-H Hong 1451

Radiation Effects on Fatigue Properties of Reduced Activation Ferritic/Martensitic SteelsT. Hirose, H. Tanigawa, M. Ando, T. Suzuki, A. Kohyama, Y. Katoh and M. Narui 1455

Correlation between Creep Property and Microstructure of Fe-9Cr-xW Reduced ActivationFerrtic/Martensitic Steels for Fusion Blanket Systems. .. H. Sakasegawa, T. Hirose, A. Kohyama, Y. Katoh, T. Harada, K. Asakura and T. Kumagai 1459

Improvement of Corrosion Property and Structual Change in 304 Stainless Steel by Means of Ion-Mixing

K Masumoto, M. Takeda, T. Suda, S. Watanabe, S. Ohnuki, T. Ohtsuka and K. Ikezawa 1463

Correlation between Neutron Irradiation-Induced Hardening and Microstructural Change in Iron-Copper Model alloys Irradiated at Different Neutron Dose Rates

T. Kitao, R. Kasada, K. Morishita, H. Matsui and A. Kimura 1465

Damaged Structure in SUS316L Strainless Steel Irradiated by Triple Beams of Electron andDual Ions S. Oyagi, H. Kinoshita, T. Shibayama and H. Takahashi 1469

Spatial Distribution and Interaction of Defects in Spinel, Based on Optical Studies of X-ray IrradiationInduced Processes V. T. Gritsyna, Y. G. Kazarinov, V. A. Kobyakov and K. E. Sickafus 1473

* invited paper

Microwave Absorption of Magnetic Relaxation of YBa2Cu3O7-(S with or without He + -ion IrradiationK. Shiiyama, M. Noujima, H. Yano, T. Higuchi and C. Kinoshita \A11

The Use of Ion beams for Nuclear Ceramics Evaluation: Case Study of ZirconiaL. Thome, A. Gentils, F. Garrido and J. Jagielski 1481

Dynamics of Grain Boundary Movement by In-situ Irradiation Using Atomic-Resolution HVEM. ..N. Sakaguchi, S. Watanabe, T. Shibayama, H. Kinoshita and H. Takahashi 1485

Effects of Helium on Damage Structure and Radiation-Induced Segregation in Low ActivationFe-Cr-Mn(W,V) Alloys H. Benfu, H. Kinoshita, H. Takahashi and C. Xiao 1489

Formation of Non-Equilibrium Phase in Cu by High-Energy Ti-Implantation at Room Temperature ..T. Shibayama, M. Fujikawa, H. Kinoshita and H. Takahashi 1493

Effects of Ti Implantation on Martensitic Phase Transformation in Austenitic 301 Stainless Steel. ..D. Gustiono, N. Sakaguchi, T. Shibayama, H. Kinoshita and H. Takahashi 1497