advanced enviro-septictm complete design and installation manual · advanced enviro-septictm...
TRANSCRIPT
Advanced Enviro-septicTM
Complete Design and InstallationManual
New Zealand DistributorsEnvironment Technology Ltd14 Onekaka Iron Works RdTakaka 7182(03) 9707 [email protected]
Technical supportEnvironment Technology provides technical support to all individuals using PresbyEnvironmental products. For questions about products or the information in this manual,please phone 03 9707 979 or email [email protected]
Further information can be found at the Australasian website www.enviro-septic.com.au
Updated September 2015
Contents
Section
Page
A – Introduction
3
B – Definitions of Terms 5 C – Design Criteria 6 D – Installation, Handling, and Storage Guidelines 7 E – Sand and Fill Requirements 10 F – Single Level System Configurations 11 G – Multi-LevelTM System Configurations 22 H – Non-Conventional System Configurations 27 I – Pump System Requirements 29 J – Venting Requirements 30 K – Bottom Drain Requirements 32 L – System Rejuvenation and Expansion 33
AES Complete Design and Installation Manual (November 2013) Page 2 of 34Updated September 2015
Section A Introduction
Background Advanced Enviro-SepticTM (AES) is a passive Advanced
Secondary Wastewater Treatment System tested as producing treated effluent of BOD(mg/L) ≤10 and TSS (mg/l) ≤10 Liquid that exits from a conventional septic tank (effluent) contains suspended solids that can cause other types of septic systems to fail prematurely. Solids can overload bacteria, cut off aeration required for bacterial activity, and/or seal the underlying soil.
Our unique system components
The Advanced Enviro-SepticTM System is a product consisting of three components installed in a sand bed downstream from a septic tank: - 1. A corrugated, perforated, high-density plastic pipe with a
unique series of ridges on the peak of each corrugation and plastic “skimmers” extending into the pipe’s interior.
2. A thick mat of randomly oriented plastic fibres surrounding the pipe.
3. A special non-woven geo-textile plastic fabric around the mat of fibres.
What our system does
By utilizing simple, yet effective, natural processes the Advanced Enviro-SepticTM System treats septic tank effluent in a manner that prevents solids from entering surrounding soils, increases system aeration, and provides a greater bacterial area (mat) than traditional systems.
Why our system excels
• Requires less fill • Installs more easily and quickly than traditional systems • Eliminates the need for expensive washed stone • Adapts easily to both commercial and residential sites • Uses a protected receiving surface • Increases system performance and longevity • Tests environmentally safer than conventional systems • Recharges groundwater more safely than conventional systems
System advantages
• The Advanced Enviro-SepticTM System retains solids in its pipe and provides multiple bacterial surfaces to treat effluent prior to its contact with the soil.
• The continual cycling of effluent (the rising and falling of liquid inside the pipe) enhances bacterial growth.
• No other leaching system design offers this functionality. • Our systems excel because they are more energy efficient, last
longer, and have a minimal environmental impact. • Costs less than traditional installation products and materials • No on-going energy, servicing, mechanical or electronic repair
costs • Requires a smaller area • Eliminates “septic mounds” through sloping system installations • Adapts to difficult sites
AES Complete Design and Installation Manual (November 2013) Page 3 of 34Updated September 2015
Advanced Enviro-septicTM Treatment Process
NOTE: System Sand is installed to a depth of 300mm below the AES pipes and 150mm above and between the AES pipes. In less permeable soils the lower 150mm of the sand bed is extended to provide the required infiltration area. Stage 1: Warm effluent enters the pipe and is cooled to ground temperature Stage 2: Suspended solids separate from the cooled liquid Stage 3: Skimmers further capture the grease and suspended solids from the exiting effluent Stage 4: Pipe ridges allow the effluent to flow without interruption around the circumference of the pipe and aid in cooling Stage 5: Bio-AcceleratorTM fabrics screen additional solids from the effluent and accelerates Biomat development Stage 6: A mat of coarse random fibres separates more suspended solids from the effluent Stage 7: Effluent passes into the geo-textile fabrics and grows a protected bacterial surface Stage 8: Sand wicks liquid from the geo-textile fabrics and enables air to transfer to the bacterial surface Stage 9: The fabrics and fibres provide a large bacterial surface to break down solids Stage 10: An ample air supply and fluctuating liquid levels increase bacterial efficiency
AES Complete Design and Installation Manual (November 2013) Page 4 of 34Updated September 2015
Section B Definitions of Terms
Centre-to-centre Spacing
Centre-to-centre spacing is the horizontal distance from the centre of one line to the centre of the adjacent line.
Coupling
A coupling is a fitting that joins two pieces of Advanced Enviro-SepticTM pipe.
Design Flow
Design flow is the determined LPD flow as dictated by a recognised Standard or other publication.
Differential venting
Differential venting is a method of venting an Advanced Enviro-SepticTM system utilizing high and low vents (Oxygen Demand Vents).
Advanced Enviro-SepticTM pipe
An Advanced Enviro-SepticTM pipe is a single unit of pipe, 3m in length with an outside diameter of 300mm and a storage capacity of approximately 220 litres.
High and low Vents
High and low (ODV) vents are pipes used in differential venting. Often the high vent is at the house, and the low vent is on the last line of pipes in a Serial Distribution system.
Level system
A level system is a system in which lines of Advanced Enviro-SepticTM are installed at the same elevation.
Line
A line is a number of Advanced Enviro-SepticTM pipes connected by couplings with an offset adapter on the inlet end and an offset adapter or end cap on the opposite end.
LPD LPD is an abbreviation for Litres Per Day.
Offset adapter
An offset adapter is an end cap fitted with a 100mm hole offset at the 12 o’clock position.
Raised connection
A raised connection is a 100mm PVC pipe arrangement used to connect lines of Advanced Enviro-SepticTM pipe to maintain the correct liquid level inside each line.
Serial Distribution
A serial distribution is a group of Advanced Enviro-SepticTM lines* connected with a raised and/or drop connection.
System Sand
System sand is a gravelly, coarse sand that meets the particle size requirements described in Section E below
*See “line” in this section
AES Complete Design and Installation Manual (November 2013) Page 5 of 34Updated September 2015
Section C Design Criteria
Line orientation Advanced Enviro-SepticTM lines must be laid level and
should run parallel to contours (perpendicular to sloping terrain) if possible.
Longer lines preferable In general, fewer long lines are preferable to a greater number of short lines. Longer lines provide more efficient settling of solids. In addition, longer more narrow systems reduce the potential for ground water mounding.
Minimum/maximum line lengths
To maintain efficient effluent cycling, the minimum length of an Advanced Enviro-SepticTM line should be 6m and the maximum length 30m. In some instances site conditions may require shorter or longer lengths. Reference: See Section H, “Non-Conventional System Configurations.”
3 metre increments work best
It is easier for the installer if systems are designed in 3m increments since Advanced Enviro-SepticTM pipe is 3m in length. However, the pipe is easily cut to any length necessary with a sharp knife.
Line elevations For sloping systems it is helpful to provide elevations on the design for each line of the system.
Septic tank and D-Box (Distribution Box) installation
The outlet of a septic tank or D-Box must be set at least 50mm above the highest inlet of the Advanced Enviro-SepticTM line.
Depth and types of cover While most installations should avoid a cover depth of more than 450mm, some conditions will require exceeding this limit. In particular, Advanced Enviro-SepticTM systems with paved cover and/or vehicular traffic require a minimum of 450mm of cover.
Provide notes for homeowners
Designers should add homeowner notes to their designs regarding system use and maintenance. Notes should include topics such as abusive substances, additives, constant discharge, etc. Suggested tank pumping and inspection schedules would also be beneficial.
AES Complete Design and Installation Manual (November 2013) Page 6 of 34Updated September 2015
Section D Installation, Handling, and Storage Guidelines
Introduction
This page contains guidelines that must be observed while installing, handling, and storing Advanced Enviro-SepticTM products.
Site Preparation
Here are some site preparation guidelines:
• Remove topsoil, roots, and organic matter under the required sand area of a proposed system, including the slope extensions of raised systems.
• Maintain the existing characteristics of the underlying soil as much as possible. Avoid machine compaction.
• Add the sand fill on the same day that the leach area is excavated.
• Do not allow water to run into or over the system during construction.
• Do not work wet or frozen soils. • Do not smear or compact soils while preparing site.
Note: It is not necessary for the leach area to be smooth when the site is prepared.
System Components
Advanced Enviro-SepticTM components.
Note: Keep mud, grease, oil etc from all system components. Avoid dragging pipe through wet or muddy areas.
AES Complete Design and Installation Manual (November 2013) Page 7 of 34Updated September 2015
Installation, Handling, and Storage Guidelines… continued Use raised connections: Raised connections consist of offset adapters, 100mm PVC pipe and pipe elbows. They enable greater liquid storage capacity and increase the bacterial surfaces being developed. Use raised connections to connect lines of Advanced Enviro-SepticTM pipe. Here is a diagram along with some installation notes:
Installation Notes: 1. Insert PVC pipe no more than
100mm into the offset adapter to prevent air locking.
2. Install the raised connection so that the top of the 90° bend is level with the top of the offset adapter.
3. Pack sand under and around the raised connection to prevent movement.
TOP VIEW SIDE VIEW END VIEW
Line spacers While sand may be used to keep pipe in place while covering, simple tools may
also be constructed for this purpose. Here are two examples. One is made from rebar, the other from wood.
Welded Rebar handle Wooden frame Bent Rebar PIPE
Caution: Remove all tools used as line spacers before final covering.
AES PIPE
MAX 100mm 90° PVC Bend
OFFSET ADAPTER
LEVEL 90° PVC Bend
PVC Pipe
OFFSET ADAPTER
AES Complete Design and Installation Manual (November 2013) Page 8 of 34Updated September 2015
Installation, Handling, and Storage Guidelines… continued
Soil compaction
Minimize machine movement to avoid soil compaction and destruction of the soil structure under and around the system. Be especially careful not to compact soil on the down slope side of the system.
Backfilling and final grading
Spread a minimum of 150mm of system sand over the pipe. Spread the remaining fill. Final grading should shed water away from the system.
Note: A tracked vehicle may be used to spread the system sand and topsoil as long as it maintains at least 300mm of cover over the pipe.
Erosion control Protect the site from erosion by proper grading, mulching,
seeding, and control of runoff. Storage
The outer fabric of the Advanced Enviro-SepticTM pipe is ultra-violet stabilized. However, the protection breaks down after a period of time in direct sunlight. To prevent damage to the fabric, cover the pipe with an opaque tarp.
Store pipe on high and dry areas to prevent surface water and soil from entering the pipes or contaminating the fabric prior to installation.
AES Complete Design and Installation Manual (November 2013) Page 9 of 34Updated September 2015
Section E Sand and Fill Requirements
System sand
All configurations of Advanced Enviro-SepticTM require a minimum of 150mm of system sand surrounding the circumference of the pipe. This sand, typically gravelly coarse sand, must adhere to the following percentage and quality restrictions.
Percentage Restrictions 35% or less of the total sand may be gravel. 40%-90% of the total sand is to be coarse and very coarse sand. Gravel Quality Restrictions No gravel is to exceed 19mm in diameter. No gravel is smaller than 2mm in diameter. Coarse Sand Quality Restrictions No coarse sand is smaller than 0.5mm in diameter. ASTM Standard: C-33 (concrete sand) meets the above requirements. In addition the fine sand restrictions outlined below are necessary for ASTM C-33 sand to be used as System Sand Fine Sand Quality Restrictions No more than 2% of the total sand may pass through a 75 μm sieve.
Sand fill and clean fill
When AES beds are installed in natural sand the natural sand can be used as Sand fill in the lower 150mm of the AES bed provided it meets the fine sand quality restrictions above. Note: System sand may also be used as sand fill. Clean fill is the material used to complete the AES bed
Raised system fill extensions
Raised systems require fill extensions with 3:1 (horizontal:vertical) batters
Sloping AES beds
AES beds sloping greater than 5% require the system sand area to extend a minimum of 1m beyond the lowest line of Advanced Enviro-SepticTM pipes on the down-slope side.
See also ‘AES System Sand’ information sheet available from Environment Technology Ltd To find out if sand is suitable as ‘system sand’ or Sand fill send 2 cups of sand to our office and we can run a simple test on it.
Send sand to: Environment Technology
14 Onekaka Iron Works Rd RD 2 Takaka 7182
AES Complete Design and Installation Manual (November 2013) Page 10 of 34Updated September 2015
Section F Single Level System Configurations
Advanced Enviro-SepticTM systems may be designed in a variety of unusual shapes such as curved, trapezoidal, or L-shaped to provide optimum design flexibility to address the challenges of each site.
Sloping systems
Line orientation
Velocity reduction/ Flow EqualizerTM
The percentage of slope refers to the slope of the Advanced Enviro-SepticTM system, not the existing terrain. The slope of the system and the existing terrain are not required to be equal. A sloping system can be designed with more than one distinct slope and/or centre-to-centre pipe spacing in the same system.
Advanced Enviro-SepticTM lines must be laid level and should run parallel to contours (perpendicular to sloping terrain) if possible.
If piping from the septic tank to the Advanced Enviro-SepticTM sys tem is excessively steep, a velocity reducer at the system inlet is necessary. A distribution box with a baffle or an inlet tee may be an adequate velocity reducer. Flow equalizers are fitted to distribution box outlets.
Basic Serial System – Level in-ground A basic serial system is a series of lines of Advanced Enviro-SepticTM
connected by raised connections.
Plan
Elevation
AES Complete Design and Installation Manual (November 2013) Page 11 of 34Updated September 2015
Basic Serial Systems – Level Raised, In- Ground Sloping, and Raised Sloping Level Raised Here are end and side views of a level raised system.
F.G.
W A A A
A-Centre-to-centre pipe spacing C-Minimum separation distance F.G.-Final grade
O.G. SAND FILL OR SYSTEM SAND C
L-Length of AES line O.G.-Original grade
RESTRICTIVE FEATURE
CLEAN FILL W-Width of AES pipes
L
F.G.
SAND FILL OR SYSTEM SAND
ENVIRO-SEPTIC PIPE
SEPTIC TANK SYSTEM SAND
RESTRICTIVE FEATURE
COUPLING END CAP
CLEAN FILL
O.G.
Note: Tank location may vary.
In-ground sloping
Here are end and top views of an in-ground sloping system. This system has a slope greater than 10%.
W A
SYSTEM SAND SAND FILL OR
A-Centre-to-centre pipe spacing C-Minimum separation distance F.G.-Final grade O.G.-Original grade
1 2 SYSTEM SAND 3 W-Width of AES pipes
4 5
C
ORIGINAL SOIL
RAISED CONNECTION END CAP
SYSTEM SAND
SAND FILL OR SYSTEM SAND
ENVIRO-SEPTIC
SEPTIC TANK
PP PVC PIPE
A A A A
W MIN. P
Note: Tank location may vary.
Continued
AES Complete Design and Installation Manual (November 2013) Page 12 of 34Updated September 2015
Basic Serial Systems – Level Raised, In- Ground Sloping, and Raised Sloping, Continued Raised sloping Here are top/side and end views of a raised sloping system. This system has
a slope greater than 5%.
RAISED CONNECTION MIN. PP END CAP
300mm MIN. PP
SYSTEM SAND
AES PIPE
SAND FILL OR SYSTEM SAND
SEPTIC TANK PPPVC PIPE
A A A A W MIN. P
MIN. 1.5M
W
A
SEPTIC TANK
SAND FILL OR SYSTEM SAND
A
TOPSOIL
RAISED CONNECTION
CLEAN FILL
1 OFFSET ADAPTER 2
B 3 4
5 A-Centre-to-centre pipe spacing B-Elevation between adjacent
C AES pipes C-Minimum separation distance F.G.-Final grade L-Length of AES pipe O.G.-Original grade W-Width of AES pipes
Note: Tank location may vary.
AES Complete Design and Installation Manual (November 2013) Page 13 of 34Updated September 2015
D-BOX
Distribution Box Systems – Level In-Ground, Level Raised, In-Ground Sloping, and Raised Sloping Introduction This page shows distribution box systems in level in-ground, level raised, in-
ground sloping, and raised sloping configurations. Definition A distribution box system is a number of system lines of equal length, each
supplied evenly with effluent through a distribution box.
Flow Equalizer™ required
All distribution boxes that divide effluent flow in pump or gravity systems require a Flow Equalizer™ or its equivalent in their outlets. Note: To prevent movement, be sure distribution boxes are placed on a
stable soil base or concrete pad. Loading Each line of a distribution box system has a maximum LPD limit.
Reference: See “Loading Limits” D-Box diagram Here’s a top view of lines of pipe in a D-Box configuration.
D-BOX SYSTEM (4 LINES) END CAP
D-BOX
OFFSET ADAPTER COUPLING SAND AREA PERIMETER
D-Box manifold This D-Box top view shows a pipe manifold design.
PP PVC PIPE
IN
UNUSED OUTLET
OUT
OUT
Note: Utilizing every other outlet will provide room for required piping and allow for easier installation
D-Box pipe drop This side view shows the minimum drop of 50mm from a D-Box to an AES line.
D-BOX 50mm MIN. PVC Pipe
AES PIPE
OFFSET ADAPTER
Continued
AES Complete Design and Installation Manual (November 2013) Page 14 of 34Updated September 2015
Distribution Box Systems – Level In-Ground, Level Raised, In-Ground Sloping, and Raised Sloping… Continued Level in-ground Here are top and side views of a level in-ground D-Box system.
OFFSET ADAPTER COUPLING
AES PIPE SEPTIC TANK D-BOX
END CAP
MIN. 300MM
100MM PVC PIPE
SAND FILL OR SYSTEM SAND
SYSTEM SAND MIN. 300MM
SEPTIC TANK ENVIRO-SEPTIC PIPE
TOPSOIL O.G./F.G.
D-BOX SYSTEM SAND COUPLING END CAP RESTRICTIVE FEATURE SAND FILL OR
SYSTEM SAND
Note: Tank location may vary. Level raised Here are end and side views of a level raised D-Box system.
O.G.
F.G.
SAND FILL
W A A A
C SYSTEM SAND
A-Centre-to-centre pipe spacing C-Minimum separation distance F.G.-Final grade L-Length of AES pipe O.G.-Original grade
RESTRICTIVE FEATURE CLEAN FILL W-Width of AES pipes
L
TOPSOIL
F.G.
SAND FILL OR SYSTEM SAND
SEPTIC TANK D-BOX
ENVIRO-SEPTIC PIPE
SYSTEM SAND RESTRICTIVE FEATURE
COUPLING END CAP
CLEAN FILL
O.G.
Note: Tank location may vary.
Continued
AES Complete Design and Installation Manual (November 2013) Page 15 of 34Updated September 2015
Distribution Box Systems – Level In-Ground, Level Raised, In-Ground Sloping, and Raised Sloping, Continued Level raised (continued)
A top view of a level raised D-Box system.
DISTRIBUTION BOX SYSTEM - TOP VIEW
OFFSET ADAPTER COUPLING
AES PIPE SEPTIC TANK D-BOX
END CAP
MIN.300MM
Note: Tank location may vary.
SAND FILL OR SYSTEM SAND
SYSTEM SAND
MIN. 300MM
In-ground sloping
End and side views of an in-ground sloping D-Box system.
W
A
SYSTEM SAND SAND FILL OR
A-Centre-to-centre pipe spacing C-Minimum separation distance F.G.-Final grade ®
1 2 SYSTEM SAND 3 4 5
L-Length of AES line
C
ORIGINAL SOIL
W-Width of AES pipes
L
ENVIRO-SEPTIC PIPE
TOPSOIL
F.G.
SAND FILL OR SYSTEM SAND
O.G. SEPTIC TANK D-BOX SYSTEM SAND COUPLING
RESTRICTIVE FEATURE END CAP
CLEAN FILL
Note: Tank location may vary.
Continued
AES Complete Design and Installation Manual (November 2013) Page 16 of 34Updated September 2015
4" PVC PIPE
SEPTIC TANK
D-BOX
Distribution Box Systems – Level In-Ground, Level Raised, In-Ground Sloping, and Raised Sloping, Continued Raised sloping Here are end and top views of a raised sloping D-Box system.
W
A
SEPTIC TANK SYSTEM SAND
SAND FILL OR SYSTEM SAND
D - BOX
A-Centre-to-centre pipe spacing C-Minimum separation distance F.G.-Final grade O.G.-Original grade W-Width of AES pipes
CLEAN FILL
OFFSET ADAPTER
COUPLING END CAP
MIN. 300mm ENVIRO-SEPTIC PIPE
Note: Tank location may vary.
SYSTEM SAND
SAND FILL OR SYSTEM SAND MIN. 300mm
100mm PVC PIPE
AES Complete Design and Installation Manual (November 2013) Page 17 of 34Updated September 2015
PVC PIPE
Combination Systems – Level In-Ground, Level Raised, In- Ground Sloping, and Raised Sloping Introduction This page shows combination systems in level in-ground, level raised,
in- ground sloping, and raised sloping configurations. Definition A combination system is a system of two or more sections (lines of pipe
connected in serial distribution) of pipe being supplied effluent evenly through a distribution box.
Loading Each section of a distribution box system has a maximum LPD limit.
Level in-ground End and top views of a level in-ground combination system.
W
SEC #1 SEC #2 SEC #3
O.G./ F.G.
ORIGINAL SOIL
F.G.-Final grade O.G.-Original grade W-Width of AES pipes
RESTRICTIVE FEATURE SYSTEM SAND SAND FILL OR
SYSTEM SAND
D-BOX OFFSET ADAPTER
AES PIPE
100mm PVC PIPE
RAISED CONNECTION COUPLING SAND AREA PERIMETER END CAP
Note: Tank location may vary.
Continued
AES Complete Design and Installation Manual (November 2013) Page 18 of 34Updated September 2015
4" PVC PIPE
Combination Systems – Level In-Ground, Level Raised, In- Ground Sloping, and Raised Sloping, Continued Level raised End, side, and top views of a level raised combination system.
F.G.
W
SEC #1 SEC #2 SEC #3
SAND FILL OR SYSTEM SAND
C-Minimum separation distance F.G.-Final grade L-Length of AES pipe
O.G. C
SYSTEM SAND
O.G.-Original grade ® SEASONAL HIGH W ATER TABLE / RESTRICTIVE FEATURE DENSE SOIL BLANKET W-AES pipes
L
TOPSOIL
F.G.
SAND FILL OR SYSTEM SAND
SEPTIC TANK D-BOX
AES PIPE SYSTEM
SAND RESTRICTIVE FEATURE
COUPLING END CAP
CLEAN FILL
O.G.
D-BOX OFFSET ADAPTER
AES PIPE
100mm PVC PIPE
RAISED CONNECTION COUPLING SAND AREA PERIMETER END CAP
Note: Tank location may vary.
Continued
AES Complete Design and Installation Manual (November 2013) Page 19 of 34Updated September 2015
4" PVC PIPE
Combination Systems – Level In-Ground, Level Raised, In- Ground Sloping, and Raised Sloping, Continued In-ground sloping
End and top views of an in-ground sloping combination system.
W
SEC#1 SEC#2 SEC#3
A
1 2 3 4
A-Centre-to-centre pipe spacing C-Minimum separation distance F.G.-Final grade O.G.-Original grade W-Width of AES
5 6 pipes 7 8
9 C
ORIGINAL SOIL
SYSTEM SAND
D-BOX OFFSET ADAPTER
AES PIPE
100mm PVC PIPE
RAISED CONNECTION COUPLING SAND AREA PERIMETER END CAP
Note: Tank location may vary.
Continued
AES Complete Design and Installation Manual (November 2013) Page 20 of 34Updated September 2015
4" PVC PIPE
Combination Systems – Level In-Ground, Level Raised, In- Ground Sloping, and Raised Sloping, Continued Raised sloping End and top views of a raised sloping combination system.
w
SEC#1 SEC#2 SEC#3 A
1 2
3 4
A-Centre-to-centre spacing C-Minimum separation distance F.G.-Final grade O.G.-Original grade
5 6 7 8 9
C
W-Width of AES pipes
SYSTEM SAND SAND FILL OR
SYSTEM SAND
SECTION # 1 # 2 # 3 LINE NO. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 TOP OF PIPE (m) 30.00 29.85 29.70 29.55 29.40 29.25 29.10 28.95 28.80 BOTTOM OF PIPE 29.70 29.55 29.40 29.25 29.10 28.95 29.80 28.65 28.50
D-BOX OFFSET ADAPTER
AES PIPE
100mm PVC PIPE
RAISED CONNECTION COUPLING SAND AREA PERIMETER END CAP
Note: Tank location may vary.
AES Complete Design and Installation Manual (November 2013) Page 21 of 34Updated September 2015
Section G Multi-LevelTM System Configurations
Introduction Multi-LevelTM systems are well suited to irregular shapes and/or difficult sites. By offering nearly two times the bacterial surface in the same footprint of ground, Multi-LevelTM systems provide a cost effective solution for problem sites. Multi-LevelTM systems are usually used on small lots or for systems that generate abnormally strong wastewater.
Reference: See Section H, “Non-Conventional System Configurations.”
Limited information
The diagrams provided in this section regarding Multi-LevelTM systems
are general in nature and not intended to represent all of the information required to design or install a Multi-LevelTM system.
Design/install certification required
Designers and installers must be certified by Presby Environmental, Inc., (P.E.I.) , Chankar Environmental (C.E) or Environment Technology to design or install a Multi-LevelTM system.
Once certified, P.E.I. is available to aid throughout the entire design and installation process.
Non-certified exception: Non-certified designs and installations may be acceptable if performed under the direct supervision of P.E.I., C.E or Environment Technology) or its representatives.
Use limitations Certain soil types or percolation rates may limit using Multi-LevelTM
installations. Linear footage Different councils require specific considerations.
Pipe spacing Each level of a Multi-LevelTM system has the same centre-to-centre pipe
spacing.
The upper level is offset by ½ the centre-to-centre spacing so the Advanced Enviro-SepticTM pipe of one level lines up with the centre of the sand area between the pipes of the other level.
The bottom of the upper level pipe is separated from the top of the lower level pipe by a minimum of 150mm of system sand.
Continued
AES Complete Design and Installation Manual (November 2013) Page 22 of 34Updated September 2015
Multi-LevelTM System Configurations, Continued Line orientation Advanced Enviro-SepticTM lines must be laid level and should run parallel to
contours (perpendicular to sloping terrain) if possible. Sloping systems The percentage of slope refers to the slope of the Advanced Enviro-SepticTM
system, not the existing terrain. The slope of the Advanced Enviro-SepticTM
system and the existing terrain are not required to be equal. A sloping system can be designed with more than one distinct slope and/or centre-to-centre pipe spacing in the same system. Maximum slope percentages are governed by jurisdiction specifications.
Velocity reduction/ EqualizerTM
consideration
If piping from the septic tank to Advanced Enviro-SepticTM is excessively steep, a velocity reducer at the system inlet is necessary. A distribution box with a baffle or a 100mm pipe with 90’ bend or inlet tee may be an adequate velocity reducer.
Note: An EqualizerTM is limited to a maximum of 38 litres/minute in gravity systems and 76litres/minute in pumped systems.
Loading Each line of a distribution box system has a maximum LPD limit. Venting All Multi-LevelTM systems must be vented in a manner that allows air to
pass through each line of Advanced Enviro-SepticTM pipe.
AES Complete Design and Installation Manual (November 2013) Page 23 of 34Updated September 2015
In this section This section contains the following subjects.
Subject Page Drop Connections 27 Basic Multi-LevelTM Systems 28 Combination Multi-LevelTM Systems 29
AES Complete Design and Installation Manual (November 2013) Page 24 of 34Updated September 2015
Drop Connections Introduction Drop connections are unique to Multi-LevelTM installations. Drop connection A drop connection is a piece of 100mm PVC pipe connecting two levels of
Advanced Enviro-SepticTM pipe. The diagrams below show drop connections in two different configurations.
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8
DROP CONNECTIONS
Caution: Ensure that drop connections in sloping systems have a minimum drop of 50mm between the upper and lower levels.
AES Complete Design and Installation Manual (November 2013) Page 25 of 34Updated September 2015
Basic Multi-LevelTM Systems Description Basic Multi-LevelTM systems consist of a single section of Advanced
Enviro-SepticTM pipe installed on two levels, one above the other. The two levels are connected using a drop connection.
End view End view of a basic Multi-LevelTM system.
TO SEPTIC TANK
OFFSET ADAPTER
1 2 3
DROP CONNECTION SYSTEM SAND
4 5 6
7 8 RAISED CONNECTION
CLEAN FILL
TO VENT 1 2
3 4 5 6
7 8 Side view Side view of a basic Multi-LevelTM system.
LOW VENT CONNECTED TO END OF ADVANCED ENVIRO-SEPTIC PIPES
FINAL GRADE
AES PIPE
AES PIPE
RAISED STRAIGHT CONNECTION
AES Complete Design and Installation Manual (November 2013) Page 26 of 34Updated September 2015
3
3
7
Combination Multi-LevelTM Systems
Description Combination Multi-LevelTM systems consist of two or more sections of Advanced Enviro-SepticTM pipe installed on two levels. The sections may be installed one above the other (layered) or on alternating levels. Each section receives effluent through a distribution box and, where installed on alternating levels, are connected using drop connections.
Layered system End and side views of a layered (one section over the other) Multi-LevelTM
system. OFFSET ADAPTER RAISED CONNECTION
TO SEPARATE VENTS
FOR DIFFERENTIAL VENTING, USE A HIGH VENT (MIN. 3M ABOVE LOW VENT) FROM D-BOX
LOW VENT CONNECTED TO END OF EACH SECTION OF AES PIPE
D-BOX 1 2 4
5 6 7
8
1 2 4
5 6 7
8
SECTION #1
(LINES 1,2,3,4)
SECTION #2 (LINES 5,6,7,8)
SECTION #1
SECTION #2
FINAL GRADE
AES PIPE
AES PIPE CLEAN FILL
RAISED STRAIGHT CONNECTION
Alternating level system
Here are end and side views of a Multi-LevelTM system using alternating levels for each section of Advanced Enviro-Septic® pipe.
TO D -BOX
SECTION #1
(LINES 1,2,5,6)
SECTION #2
(LINES 3,4,7,8)
OFFSET ADAPTER
1 2 3 4
DROP 5 6 CLEAN FILL CONNECTION 7 8
1
RAISED 5 CONNECTION
2 TO VENT 3 4
6 8
FOR DIFFERENTIAL VENTING, USE A HIGH VENT (MIN. 3M ABOVE LOW VENT) FROM D-BOX
LOW VENT CONNECTED TO END OF EACH SECTION OF AES PIPE
FINAL GRADE
AES PIPE
AES PIPE CLEAN FILL
RAISED STRAIGHT CONNECTION
AES Complete Design and Installation Manual (November 2013) Page 27 of 34Updated September 2015
Section H Non-Conventional System Configurations
Introduction Non-conventional system configurations may accommodate greater than 30m
system lengths and shorter than 10m line lengths. They may also take irregular shapes to accommodate site constraints.
Total length requirement
Each section of a system must have the same minimum linear length. A section may exceed the minimum linear length. Lines within a section may vary in length to accommodate site constraints.
Line length exceptions
Proper line loading and cycling requires line lengths to be at least 9m long but no longer than 30m. Non-conventional system configurations allow this rule to be set aside while still guaranteeing proper line loading and cycling.
Here are some examples using offset adapters and distribution boxes:
Offset adapters break up a line greater than 30m. D-box allows narrow system width.
- P' P- P'
SEC #1
P P'
SEC #2
SEC #3
SEC #4
D-box and offset adapters break up a line greater than 30m.
Continued
AES Complete Design and Installation Manual (November 2013) Page 28 of 34Updated September 2015
Non-Conventional Configurations, Continued Curves Curved configurations work well around objects, setbacks, and slopes.
Object
Note: Multiple curves can also be used.
Angles Angled configurations generally have one or more specific bends. Lines are angled by bending pipes or through the use of offset adapters.
Bent pipes Offset adapters
Note: A 3m length of pipe may take a 90° bend. Trapezoids This system is trapezoidal to fit a particular slope or terrain feature.
Obstruction
AES Complete Design and Installation Manual (November 2013) Page 29 of 34Updated September 2015
Section I Pump System Requirements
Introduction Pump systems typically supply effluent to Advanced Enviro-SepticTM pipe using a
pressured line and a velocity reducer when site conditions do not permit a gravity system.
Differential venting
All pump systems must use differential venting.
Reference: See Section J, “Venting Requirements.”
Velocity control It is important to control the rate at which effluent enters Advanced Enviro-SepticTM
pipe. Excessive effluent velocity can disrupt solids that settle in the Advanced Enviro-SepticTM pipes.
Velocity reduction
Never pump effluent directly into Advanced Enviro-SepticTM pipes. Install a velocity reducer prior to the Advanced Enviro-SepticTM pipe. An appropriately sized distribution box or tank is typically installed as a velocity reducer. If the design already incorporates a distribution box to divide effluent flow, an additional distribution box may not be necessary.
Pressurized lines must discharge into a velocity reducer with a baffle, or into 2m of 100mm pipe with a 90-degree bend or tee fitting before the AES pipe.
Pipe length per pumped litre
Every 9ltrs of effluent pumped per cycle requires a minimum of 300mm of Advanced Enviro-SepticTM pipe.
Basic System LPM Limit
A maximum of 150LPM is permitted for basic systems.
LPM per EqualizerTM
limit
A Flow EqualizerTM used in a pump system is limited to a maximum of 76 litres per minute.
Section or line LPM limit
Each line of a distribution box system or section of a combination system is limited to a maximum of 76 Litres / minute.
AES Complete Design and Installation Manual (November 2013) Page 30 of 34Updated September 2015
Section J Venting Requirements
General rule Oxygen Demand Vents (ODV)/ 100mm Low Vents ensure air is drawn
completely through each line or section of Advanced Enviro-SepticTM pipe.
When to vent All systems require a 100mm Low Vent. If the High Vent is the terminal vent at
the house the minimum diameter is 80mm.
One 100mm vent (ODV) is required for every 300m of pipe. If necessary, a single 150mm (ODV) opening may be installed in place of a maximum of three 100mm vent openings.
All Multi-LevelTM
systems require venting.
(ODV) locations Advanced Enviro-SepticTM systems can be vented in three locations.
1. Through an unused distribution box outlet. 2. Through a tee installed in the PVC pipe near the inlet of the Advanced
Enviro-SepticTM pipe. 3. Through an offset adapter installed at the end of a section or line.
Differential venting
Differential venting is the use of High and Low vents in a system. High vents are connected at the inlet end of the AES system and low vents are connected to the opposite end of the system. The terminal vent of a house can be used as the high vent if it is 80mm minimum diameter. This arrangement enhances the circulation of air throughout the entire system.
DIFFERENTIAL VENTING (TYPICAL - NOT TO SCALE)
HIGH VENT
SUPPORT MIN. 3M
FINAL GRADE
LOW VENT
D-BOX
Continued
AES Complete Design and Installation Manual (November 2013) Page 31 of 34Updated September 2015
Venting Requirements, Continued (ODV) manifolds An (ODV) manifold can be incorporated to connect the ends of a number of
sections or lines of Advanced Enviro-SepticTM pipe to a single vent opening.
COMBINATION SYSTEM
D-BOX
D-BOX
OFFSET ADAPTER
OFFSET ADAPTER
(ODV) piping slope
(ODV) piping should slope downward toward the system to prevent moisture from collecting in the piping and blocking air passage.
AES Complete Design and Installation Manual (November 2013) Page 32 of 34Updated September 2015
Section K Bottom Drain Requirements
Purpose Bottom drains aid in the rejuvenation of overloaded or abused systems.
Requirements Bottom drains lead to drain sumps. Here are some drain requirements.
• The top of the drain sump should be a minimum of 300mm above the top of the highest Enviro-Septic® pipe.
• The bottom drain inlet must be a minimum of 450mm above the drain sump floor.
• Level systems may use single drain sumps. • Sloping systems may require multiple drain sumps. • All bottom drain connections and drain sumps must be sealed.
Double offset adapter
Most bottom drains use double offset adapters.
25mm 100mm
OFFSET HOLES
175mm
25mm
End view Here’s an end view of a combination Multi-LevelTM system with a bottom drain and drain sump.
VENT
TO D-BOX
CLEAN FILL 1 2 3 4
5 6 VENT MANIFOLD
7 8 BOTTOM DRAIN DRAIN SUMP
1 2 3 4 DROP CONNECTION
5 6 7 8 CONNECTIONS ON OPPOSITE END
AES Complete Design and Installation Manual (November 2013) Page 33 of 34Updated September 2015
Section L System Rejuvenation and Expansion
Introduction Definition: failing system
Rejuvenating failing systems
System expansion Re-usable pipe System replacement
This section covers procedures for rejuvenating failing systems and explains how to expand existing systems.
System failures, almost without exception, are related to the conversion of bacteria from an aerobic to an anaerobic state. Flooding, improper venting, alteration or improper depth of soil, sudden use changes, introduction of chemicals or medicines, and a variety of other conditions can contribute to this.
Failing systems need to be returned from an anaerobic to an aerobic state. Most systems can be put back on line and not require costly removal and replacement by using the following procedure.
1. Determine the problem causing system failure and
repair. 2. Excavate one end of all the lines and remove the
end cap or offset adapter. 3. Drain the lines. 4. If foreign matter has entered the system, flush the pipes. 5. Safeguard the open excavation. 6. Guarantee a passage of air through the system. 7. Allow all lines to dry for a minimum of 72 hours. 8. Re-assemble the system to its original
design configuration. Advanced Enviro-SepticTM Systems are easily expanded by adding equal lengths of pipe to each line of the original design or by adding additional equal sections. Advanced Enviro-SepticTM components are not biodegradable and may be reused. In cases of improper installation it may be possible to excavate, clean, and reinstall all system components. If system components require replacement, simply remove the existing pipe and the contaminated sand and replace with new pipe and sand.
Your suggestions and comments are welcome. Please contact us at: Environment Technology, 14 Onekaka Iron Works Rd, RD 2, Takaka 7182, New Zealand Phone 03 9707 979, [email protected]
Enviro-Septic® U.S. Patent Nos. 6,461,078; 5,954,451; 6,290,429 with other patents pending. Canadian Patent Nos.2185087; 2187126 with other patents pending. Simple-Septic® U.S. Patent No. 5,606,786. Presby Maze® U.S. Patent No. 5,429,752. Enviro-Septic® , Simple-Septic®, and Presby Maze® are registered trademarks of Presby Environmental Inc. Multi- LevelTM , is a trademark of Presby Environmental, Inc. © 2003 Presby Environmental, Inc. All rights reserved. Publication date: April 2003.
AES Complete Design and Installation Manual (November 2013) Page 34 of 34Updated September 2015