Advanced Composites Centre for

Innovation and Science

8th ANNUAL CONFERENCE

10th September 2015

www.bris.ac.uk/composites

Morning Programme

• Introduction and update on ACCIS activitiesProfessor Michael Wisnom, ACCIS Director & Professor of Aerospace Structures

• Understanding the High Temperature and Fire Performance of CompositesProfessor Adrian Mouritz, Head of Aerospace, Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering RMIT University, Visiting Professor University of Bristol

• Print of liquid resins for composites manufacture: concept, challenges, perspectives Dr. Dmitry Ivanov, Lecturer in Composites Manufacturing

• Third year of the EPSRC IDC in Composites ManufactureProfessor Ivana Partridge, Professor of Composites Processing

• Designing Materials for Demanding EnvironmentsDr. Ian Hamerton, Reader in Polymer and Composite Materials

• Tailoring structural responses for improved performanceDr. Matthew O’Donnell, Lecturer in Composite Structures

• Deployable Space StructuresDr. Mark Schenk, Lecturer in Aerospace Engineering

• Virtual testing of composites for damage tolerant designsDr. Luiz Kawashita, Lecturer in Composite Mechanics

• One minute presentations by ACCIS researchersChaired by Dr. Galal Mohamed

• 12.30-14.00 Buffet lunch, posters and displays. Central Design Office, Queen’s Building

• 13.00 ACCIS Laboratory tours

Afternoon Programme 14:00

Manufacturing And Processing Technology • Design requirements and acceptance criteria for advanced composites. Dennis Crowley

• On the remanufacturing of aligned short recycled fibre composites. Marco L. Longana

• Automated Layup of sheet prepreg onto complex moulds. Michael Elkington

• Quantifying layup difficulty – an initial study utilising pressure mapping. Yusuf Mahadik

• Cure kinetics models for interleaved toughened prepreg resins. James Kratz

Design, Analysis and Optimisation• A Novel compaction model for prepreg systems under processing conditions. Jonathan Belnoue

• Analytical modelling of pseudo-ductility in angle-ply CFRP laminates. Jonathan Fuller

• Multi-scale analysis of structures lacking an elementary representative element. Yann M. Le Cahain

• Buckling design, analysis and optimisation of fibre-steered structures. Broderick H. Coburn

• Rapid analysis of variable stiffness composites. Matthew P. O’Donnell

Failure Analysis and Multi-Functional Materials• Reducing notch sensitivity using thin-ply hybrid laminates. Meisam Jalalvand

• In-situ repair solutions for industrial aerospace composite applications. Timothy Coope

• Predicting performance of through-thickness reinforced laminates. Galal Mohamed

• Testing of z-pinned laminates with multiple delaminations. Mehdi Yasaee

Advanced Composites Centre for Innovation and Science

• Established in 2007

• Brings together composites research across University

• Based in Engineering, linked to Science and Medicine

• Focus for collaboration between academia and industry

• ACCIS Vision:

A world leading centre for composites education and research, combining cutting edge fundamental science with strong industrial links for exploitation and technology transfer

Aerofoil CDT Design, Build, Test

Modelling of carbon nanotube structure

ACCIS New Academic Staff

• Dr. Ian Hamerton

Reader in Polymer and Composite Materials –high temperature, high performance and sustainable polymers and composites

• Dr Luiz Kawashita

Rolls-Royce Lecturer in Composite Mechanics - Numerical modelling and fracture

ACCIS New Academic Staff

• Dr Mark Schenk, Lecturer in Aerospace Engineering – deployable structures

• Dr. Matt O’Donnell, Lecturer in Composite Structures – analytical modelling, optimisation, stiffness tailoring

• Dr. Ben Woods, Lecturer in Composite Structures – adaptive and morphing structures

ACCIS Staff News

• Dr. Alberto Pirrera, Lecturer in Composite Structures, has been awarded a five year EPSRC Fellowship on “Structural Efficiency and Multi-Functionality of Well-Behaved Nonlinear Composite Structures”

• Prof. Ian Bond after four years as Head of Aerospace Engineering has been appointed as Head of the Queens School of Engineering

ACCIS Research Themes

• Multifunctional Composites and Novel Microstructures

• Design, Analysis and Failure

• Intelligent Structures

• Composites Processing and Characterisation

Embedded fibres for sensing, self healing

Predicting damage at notches

Morphing aerofoil

Fibre waviness in curved composite

Partnerships

• HiPerDuCT Programme Grant with Imperial College on High Performance Ductile Composites Technology

– Industry Engagement Event at NCC next Tuesday, 15th September

• CIMComp - EPSRC Centre for Innovative Manufacturing in Composites led by Nottingham with Cranfield and Manchester

– Proposal in preparation for expected EPSRC call on Future Manufacturing Hubs

• Rolls-Royce Composites UTC extended until 2019

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EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training

• 71 students since 2009

• 7th cohort starting on 21st September

• Recent graduates now at: Arup, Exova, HiETA, Honeywell Aerospace, IpecoComposites, Oxford Space Systems,Rolls-Royce and the NCC.

5th Annual CDT Conference - Tuesday 5th April 2016 Presentations from the 4th Annual CDT

Conference available on You Tube (search for ACCIS)

Team Design, Build and Test Project

• New Student-led Public Engagement Committee

• PhD project call for January startProposal deadline: Friday 23rd October

ACCIS PhD Graduates

• Xiaodong Xu- Size effects in notched quasi-isotropic carbon/epoxy laminates under tensile loads

• Steven Green- Modelling textile deformation and its effects in 3D woven composites

• Marco Capuzzi- Aeroelastic tailoring of wind turbine blades for power improvement and load alleviation

Graduation Day February 2015

(L-R) Xiaodong, Steven and Marco.

ACCIS PhD Graduates cont.

• Marc Scholz – On the formation of composite materials via ultrasonic assembly

• Jonathan Fuller- Pseudo-ductility of thin ply angle-ply laminates

• Dominic Bloom- On the relationship between layup time, material properties and mould geometry in the hand layup process

• Tim Coope- Self-healing composites via metal triflate catalytic curing agents

• Georgia Charalambous- The effect of temperature on mixed-mode fracture toughness and fatigue delamination growth of fibre-reinforced composites

Graduation Day July 2015

(L-R) Marc, Jonathan, Dominic, Tim, Georgia.

• Servo-Aeroelastic Tailoring of Wind Turbines Using New Active-to-Passive Control Systems - Paul Weaver and Alberto Pirrera with Strathclyde University, part of SUPERGEN Wind Hub (EPSRC, £554k)

• Biomimetic Devices that Re-orientate in Response to Light – Paul Weaver, Ian Bond, Jonathan Rossiter, Charl Faul (Leverhulme Trust, £210k)

• Delamination Suppression at High Deformation Rates in Through-Thickness Reinforced Composites- Stephen Hallett and Ivana Partridge, with Giuliano Allegri, now at Imperial, and Nik Petrinic, Oxford (EPSRC, £800k)

New Projects

New Projects

• Defects and Features Phase 2 – Stephen Hallett (Innovate UK, Rolls-Royce, £559k)

• Breakthrough Aerospace Materialsproject on 3-D woven composites –Stephen Hallett, Luiz Kawashita (Innovate UK, Sigmatex, Rolls-Royce, £170k)

• Virtual Testing of Additively-Manufactured Hybrid Metal-Composite Structures – Luiz Kawashita (EPSRC, £99k)

• Deployable Space Structures - Paul Weaver, Alberto Pirrera (Innovate UK KTP, Oxford Space Systems, £157k)

New Projects

• Bioprinting For Creating & Growing Ceramic Armour On-demand – Richard Trask, Paul Curnow & Adam Perriman([dstl], £132k, as part of a wider £544K cohort bid)

StepOne

DesignApproach

Biomimicry

Selfassembly

StepTwo

Synthe cBiology

Programmedunicellularorganisms

Elas cproteins&synthe cpolymers

StepThree

Bioprin ng

Inkjetprin ng

Micro-extrusion

StepFour

Applica on

FullBodyArmourtailoredtostaffandthreat

Callum N White

8 | P a g e

semiconductors, OLEDs, and many other micro-optical arrays. With genetic engineering or the

MDML methods described above, more efficient lenses may be possible, across a broader spectrum or

for different focal lengths.

The small dielectric contrast between silica and air means that there is unlikely to be an achievable

photonic band gap without modification. It has been shown using numerical simulations that a TiO

diatom demonstrates a bandgap [5]. As such it is clear that, should a bandgap be required, it is readily

achieved via substitution of the silica. C. wailesii was shown also to have properties distinctly similar

to man-made ph ot onic crystal fibres;; that is, the transmission of light was centred in the ‘defect’ in the

middle of the diatom (Figure 8).

The recent study showing the effect of light on the growth of diatoms, also showed interesting results

regarding the photonic effects of the changing morphology. Using a simulation based on the grown

diatoms (Figure 7), interference effects were shown to change dependant on the structure, which in

turn depended on the light exposure during growth.

Incorporation of rhodamine dyes into the diatom cell walls creates light emitting biophotonic

crystals [9]. A wide spectral range is possible by different substitution of amino groups, the spectral

emission peak can be tuned, with a wide range from green to red. While this is yet to be fully explored

in terms of applications, biofluorescence has potential applications in medical and bio imaging.

DIATOM DRUG DELIVERY

Diatom structures would appear to lend themselves well to use in drug-delivery systems [3,24–28].

Their nano-porosity and surface area are useful properties in this regard, though there seems to be

some disagreement [3,17] over the bio-compatibility of silica. However, general consensus seems to

be favourable [27]. As mentioned previously, any problems could be addressed by the substitution of

the structure with another composition.

Figure 9 Schematic of diatoms as multifunctional drug delivery systems (Left) and a self propelled drug

carrier with bacteria motor and diatom body. Reproduced from [3].

Aim: Through the application of synthetic biology, we will print and grow ceramic body armour from first principles.

• Bridging the Gaps Between the Engineering and Physical Sciences and Antimicrobial Resistance - Adrian Mulholland, Richard Trask, et al (EPSRC, £600k)

New Projects

Two Marie Sklodowska-Curie Initial Training Networks:

• FULLCOMP (FULLy integrated analysis, design, manufacturing and health-monitoring of COMPositestructures) – Paul Weaver, Alberto Pirrera with Pol. di. Torino, Luxembourg Inst Tech, Uni. Hannover, ENSAM France

• VIPER (composite metamaterial structures for vibroacoustics) – Fabrizio Scarpa with KU Leuven, Ecole Centrale Lyon and FEMTO-Franche Comte, University of Naples

National Composites Centre Links

• Phase II now operational

• Base for IDC research engineers

• Several more researchers recruited from ACCIS

• Hamish McAlpine appointed as our NCC Project Manager

• EPSRC Process monitoring equipment installed, available to other universities via CIMComp

• New autoclave just delivered

Future Opportunities

• Academic and industrial collaborations, secondments

• Major new research programmes through Innovate UK, MoD, EPSRC and Horizon 2020 initiatives

• Blue skies PhDs; initial studies - CDT, MEng, MSc projects

• Projects in EngD centre in composites manufacture

• EPSRC Impact Acceleration Projects

• Knowledge Transfer Partnerships

• Collaborations through the National Composites Centre