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Bayoxide® E 33 For the adsorption of arsenic from water.

The Bayoxide® product line stands for a range of technical ap-

plications of iron oxides and chrome oxides. Bayoxide® E 33

granules for example serve as an effective filter for removing

arsenic from water. Through the cooperation with our world-

wide partner Severn Trent Services – a global water and waste

water treatment solutions provider, Bayoxide® E 33 has been

able to secure a position as the treatment technology of choice

for arsenic removal worldwide.

Excellent backward integration, decades of experience and

modern facilities create ideal conditions for economical

manufacture at the highest possible quality level. Last but not

least, LANXESS gives absolute priority to maintaining the

ecological balance and safeguarding human health through its

stringent safety measures and its commitment to Responsible

Care. After all, solutions from LANXESS go much further than

merely supplying the raw materials. They are the result of a

well-conceived, future-oriented development closely aligned

to your requirements.

The expertise of strong partners.

With decades of experience and numerous customers all over

the world, LANXESS is one of the global players in the chem-

ical industry. LANXESS was created in 2004 through the

carve out of most of the chemical activities of the Bayer Group

and part of its polymers segment. With roots that go back to

the foundation of Bayer in 1863, it has amassed an enormous

wealth of experience. LANXESS develops, produces and mar-

kets a diversified portfolio of basic and fine chemicals, colour

pigments, plastics, specialty rubbers, rubber chemicals, and

material protection and water treatment products as well as

chemicals for leather and textile manufacture. These products

play a key role in creating reliable solutions for a

broad range of applications throughout the world.

Among other products, LANXESS is one of the world's

biggest manufacturers and suppliers of inorganic pigments.

LANXESS offers a broad range of products based on iron

oxide for a variety of applications.WATER

DRINKING

Adsorber-Plant in Shugborough, UK

Water and arsenic: a fatal attraction.

Arsenic is a semi-metal that occurs in nature in attractively coloured

minerals. Under certain conditions, arsenic compounds can be

leached out of stone and rock and can enter groundwater sources.

Readily absorbable arsenic compounds are highly toxic and

carcinogenic. Numerous medical studies have shown the regular

intake of drinking water containing arsenic to lead to chronic poi-

soning and serious, and even carcinogenic, health effects. In many

regions of the USA, South America and Asia the concentration of

arsenic in the groundwater is very high. According to estimates,

more than100 million people throughout the world regularly drink

water with an arsenic content above 50 µg/L (micrograms per

liter, ppb). Based on medical studies, the World Health Organiza-

tion (WHO) recommended in 1992 that a threshold for arsenic in

drinking water of 10 µg/L (ppb) be introduced worldwide. The

European Union and the USA have already implemented new le-

gislation reducing the arsenic threshold in drinking water to 10 µg/L.

Bayoxide® E 33: The solution.

It is more imperative than ever to have a treatment process capable

of effectively removing arsenic from drinking water.

LANXESS has developed an iron oxide with the brand name

Bayoxide® E 33 specifically for the removal of arsenic from

drinking water and non-drinking water sources. When water

from a source is pumped through a vessel or a series of ves-

sels containing Bayoxide® E 33, it passes through a fixed bed

of the media where arsenic is adsorbed quickly and selectively.

Bayoxide® E 33 is nanoparticular α-FeOOH with a very high

surface area and high adsorption capacity. At the same time,

the granules are stable to the stream of water. Both anions As(V)

and As(III) are adsorbed on the iron oxihydroxide via a surface

complex. Important milestones, to name a few, in the life of this

product are the approval by the Drinking Water Inspectorate

(DWI) in the UK according to Reg. 31, the approval in France,

and the certification to the NSF Standard 61 in the USA.

Bayoxide® E 33

Realgar

Through the cooperation with our partner Severn Trent Services

– a global water and wastewater treatment solutions provider –

LANXESS has been able to secure the technology of arsenic

removal worldwide. Severn Trent Services has developed and

refined the technology of fixed bed adsorption under their

SORB 33® product line of arsenic removal treatment systems and

a large number of sites have been working with this system

since 2003. In this passive pump-and-treat system, contaminated

water simply passes through the Bayoxide® E 33 media, and

arsenic is adsorbed and removed to a level below 5 µg/L.

From now on arsenic is pasthistory – Bayoxide® E 33.

The Bayoxide® E 33 granules are marketed with a particle

size of 0.5-2 mm and a bulk density of approx. 0.5 g/cm3. Com-

pared with conventional adsorber media, Bayoxide® E 33 is

noted for its significantly higher capacity for arsenic removal.

As a result, the fixed iron oxide bed lasts very much longer.

Grades with a particularly narrow particle size distribution

like the pelletized Bayoxide® E 33 P are an advantage because

pressure drop is reduced across the media bed. Moreover,

the good flow properties of Bayoxide® E 33 P improve product

handling.

The Bayoxide® E 33 line also contains an adsorber media with

particularly high adsorption capacity and, at the same time,

a high arsenic abrasion stability, namely Bayoxide® E 33 HC.

Bayoxide® E 33

Bayoxide® E 33 P

Bayoxide® E 33 HC

Adsorber-Plant in Chaddesley Corbett, UK

Extremely high arsenic concentrations in the range of 2.5 mg/L

of As(III) and As(V) are effectively adsorbed with an adapted

contact time of 7 min. Even industrial effluent with a high arsenic

content can be easily treated in this way. Pilot studies can be

carried out locally, on site; here is an example for As(V) at pH8.

The adsorber units can be controlled via the two parameters of

contact time and pH to effectively treat water with a critical com-

position. In addition to arsenic, Bayoxide® E 33 also removes other

contaminants such as phosphate, antimony, lead, cadmium and

vanadium. Here is an example for antimony (Sb).

0

500

1000

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3500

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0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000

Bed Volumes

Sb-C

onte

nt [µ

g/L

]

[Sb] Inlet

[Sb] Outlet

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0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000

Bed Volumes

As-

Conte

nt [µ

g/L

]

[As] Inlet

[As] Outlet

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1011121314151617181920

0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000 120000 140000 160000 180000 200000

Bed Volumes

Ou

tlet

Ars

enic

Co

nce

ntr

atio

n, µ

g/L

With an initial concentration of approx. 100 µg/L arsenic (V),

a pH of 8 and a contact time of 3 min, Bayoxide® E 33 has a

service life of over 50,000 bed volumes before breakthrough

occurs at >10 μg/L.

A Proven Process: SORB 33®.

The Severn Trent SORB 33® system consists of simple adsorber

vessels normally operated in parallel flow configuration. The

primary operator functions are monitoring flow, pressure, pres-

sure differential and totally flow treated data; collecting efflu-

ent samples for arsenic and other analyses; and ensuring each

adsorber vessel is backwashed (fluffed) on a periodic basis.

Service washes are important to remove dirt and particles that

could originate from the groundwater because when they are

trapped in the bed they can cause an increased differential pres-

sure during the normal downflow operational mode.

In addition to velocity, the other key process parameter is

empty bed contact time (EBCT), which defines the amount

of water residence within the bed required to effect complete

arsenic adsorption. The SORB 33® system requires no

chemicals, no cleaning or other labor-intensive steps.

With naturally occuring arsenic concentrations of 10-50 µg/L,

contact times of 3-5 min result in a flat breakthrough curve.

The total service life can be as long as two years (see for

example diagram at an inlet As-concentration of appr. 20 µg/L).

A flat breakthrough curve with a slow breakthrough character-

istic gives plenty of warning when the bed needs to be

replaced.

Adsorber-Plant in Loma Linda, USA

As-Adsorption at pH 8 Sb-Adsorption at pH 8

The most important parameters to test for during a water

quality analysis are:

• Alkalinity

• Antimony

• Arsenic

• Chromium

• Iron

• Lead

• pH

• Phosphate

• Selenium

• Silica

• Uranium

• Vanadium

Getting started.

A detailed water quality analysis of a wide range of parame-

ters for each location with arsenic contamination should be

obtained. Waters in similar regions can differ significantly. The

water analysis should consist of both basic values and special

analysis for species that have the potential to interfere with

the performance of a treatment technology.

A pilot test or laboratory testings can be undertaken to

predict the full-scale performance of the arsenic removal

treatment system.

The adsorber systems are available for all kinds of capacity,

even for lower throughputs.

APU-Unit

This information and our technical advice – whetherverbal, in writing or by way of trials – are given in goodfaith but without warranty, and this also applies whereproprietary rights of third parties are involved. Our advice does not release you from the obligation to verify the information currently provided – especiallythat contained in our safety data and technical infor-mation sheets – and to test our products as to theirsuitability for the intended processes and uses.

The application, use and processing of our productsand the products manufactured by you on the basisof our technical advice are beyond our control and,therefore, entirely your own responsibility. Our prod-ucts are sold in accordance with the current versionof our General Conditions of Sale and Delivery.

Edition: 05/2006Printed in Germany · D LANXESS Deutschland GmbH

Business UnitInorganic Pigments47812 Krefeld, GermanyFax: +49 (2151) 88 - 8888

Bayoxide® E is a registered trademark of Bayer AG, Leverkusen, Germany.

Sorb 33® is a registered trademark of Severn Trent Services.

Contacts.

LANXESS Deutschland GmbH

Business Unit

Inorganic Pigments

47812 Krefeld, Germany

Fax: +49 (2151) 88 - 8888

bayoxide@lanxess.com

www.bayoxide.com

www.lanxess.com

Contact address for Europe:

Severn Trent Services (UK/Europe)

Park Lane, Minworth

Sutton Coldfield, B76 9BL

United Kingdom

Tel: +44 (121) 31 - 32300

Fax: +44 (121) 31 - 31938

salesenq@severntrentservices.co.uk

www.severntrentservices.com

LANXESS Corporation

Inorganic Pigments Group

111 RIDC Park West Drive

Pittsburgh PA 15275/ USA

Phone No: +1 (412) 809 - 2219

Fax: +1 (412) 809 - 3599

bayoxide@lanxess.com

Contact address for USA and

All other countries:

Severn Trent Services (US)

5415 W. Sligh Avenue, Suite 102

Tampa, FL 33634 USA

Tel: +1 (813) 886 - 9331

Fax: +1 (813) 886 - 0651

info@severntrentservices.com

www.severntrentservices.com