‘DEMETER’ Directorate of

Research

Land Reclamation Institute

Benaki Phytopathological

Institute

The Goulandris Natural

History Museum

Greek Biotope-Wetland

Centre

Rodax Ltd

Quality Systems

Coordinator Crop Protection & Safety

Soil and Water

Management, Fertilisation

Biodiversity

NEW BENEFICIARY Athens 5/12/2012

Crop

Management

Consultancy

TARGET

Improvement of cultural practices applied in

olive groves taking into account environmental

impacts and parcel production capacity

STRATEGY

• Development of an “Impact Assessment

Procedure” (IAP) for justified and objective

evaluation of potential impacts of agricultural

practices on environment, as a tool for ISO 14001/

EMAS planning in primary agriculture

• Incorporation of IAP as the core process of an

advisory system aiming to propose to farmers’ the

most efficient use of their resources, with the

objective to achieve long term sustainability of the

agro-ecosystem, including a systematic upgrade

to organic agriculture

600 INDIVIDUAL OLIVE

GROVES

(3 REGIONS IN GREECE)

SAGE10

Athens 5/12/2012

Athens 5/12/2012

Environmental

Impact

Production Capacity

Target:

Olive products with minimum

environmental impacts &

at low cost’, attractive to the

consumer

PARCEL’S ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE –ΙΑΡ

the specific characteristics of the

different regions/areas

Considering

ΙΑΡ- “Impact Assessment Procedure” for assessing environmental impacts of all agricultural practices, and prioritizing them at field, site, location, area

level. The method is to be available as a software, as well as in paper, with

full instructions of use

Specifications of ΙΑΡ:

1. Scientifically sound

2. Extrapolatable and applicable to other crops

3. Upgradable

4. Simple to use, starting from maximum complexity

5. Objective without any interference of personal opinion

6. Cost-efficient in order to be applied in agricultural practice

Reference: every individual parcel and grower

The method “ΙΑΡ” ...

Athens 5/12/2012

ΙΑΡ

DEVELOPMENT STEPS

Athens 5/12/2012

Agricultural activities (e.g. crop protection, pruning, fertilization, irrigation, soil management, harvesting, establishment of a new

grove, storing of ppp’s) which have an environmental or human effect

Impacts of aspects on different environmental compartments: e.g. surface water pollution, changes in biodiversity, soil acidity,

health risks for workers in groves κ.α

Biotic and abiotic environment (water bodies, soil, birds…),

Humans (operator, worker, by stander )

Athens 5/12/2012

ASPECT

IMPACT

COMPARTMENT

ΙΑΡ: TRIPLETS

The parameters are divided into:

1. Simple or Complex 2. Parameters of the Environment or Producer

WEIGHTING AND VALUE CLASSES

OF PARAMETERS

The severity of an Impact (High/ Moderate/ Low)

depends on the value/class of different

Parameters that define it

The Parameters of a Triplet are different in terms of

significance or weight in relation to the Impact

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Athens 5/12/2012

Producers Parameters (Ρ): define the possibility and severity of an Impact

based on grower’s decisions

Environmental Paramenters (Ε): define the vulnerability of a compartment

to an impact, based on its characteristics

(soil type, area climatic conditions,

inclination of the soil, proximity to surface

water etc)

ASPECT

IMPACT

COMPARTMENT

ΙΑΡ: TRIPLETS & PARAMETERS

ΙΑΡ: TRIPLETS & PARAMETERS

Athens 5/12/2012

FERTILISATION

POLLUTION

SURFACE WATER

Leaching risk* 3

Climate (thermo-xeric, wet…) 3

Crop cover 4

Rainfall frequency & mm 5

Run off risk* 5

Ε parameters

P Parameters Annual rate/water use 3

Frequency of fertilizer(s) application(s) 3

Type of fertilizer 4

Time (season) of fertilizer 4

Quantity of Nitrogen 4

Κατεργασία Soil 4

Type of fertiliZer 4

Type of Ν 4

Area where fertilizers are applied 5

Cultural activities after fertilization 5

weight

weight

ASPECT

IMPACT

COMPARTMENT

* Complex parameters

The severity of an impact is estimated by the Score of the relevant

Triplet and is calculated using the values of the different parameters’

classes and the weight of each parameter

IMPACT ASSESSMENT PROCEDURE Weight and value classes of parameters

Athens 5/12/2012

In the frame of SAGE10 the

following have been defined

1. Simple and complex

parameters,

2. Uncertainty related to their

measurement/monitoring,

3. Weighting of different

parameters based on expert

judgment and on a DELPHI

procedure

Athens 5/12/2012

IAP Software

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (EMS)

Athens 5/12/2012

ΙΑΡ-Software

DELEP-99 indicators of Environmental Performance

SAGE10 Prioritizing of suggested improvements

Environmental Product Declaration (LCI, LCA)

Database Environmental Management System (EMS)

RANKING

INDICATORS OF IMPACTS

The environmental profile of each olive

grove is described with a set of

Environmental Indicators

The same indicators can be used to

assess “Environmental Performance” as a result of change agricultural activities

INDICATORS FACILITATE

MONITORING of

“Environmental Performance”

e.g. - content of organic matter in soil

- nitrogen inputs per area unit

Biodiversity Indicators: 1) Shannon-Wiener 2) evenness and 3) Simpson

0,00

0,20

0,40

0,60

0,80

1,00AS02

AS03

AS04

AS06

AS07

AS08

AS09

AS10AS11

AS12

AS13

AS15

AS02_Z

AS07_Z

AS12_Z

Which aspects (producer’s

cultural activities ) have

significant /major impacts on

the compartments The cultural perspective

management of waste from Plant Protection AS02

waste management (exept PPPs)-maintenance of equip AS03

management of pruned wood AS04

pruning AS06

other agricultural activities (harvest, supervisio AS07

plant protection (management of weeds) AS08

irrigation AS10

fertiliser application AS11

application of plant protection product AS12

general cultivation procedures AS13

mechanical soil treatment AS15

The ΙΑΡ results:

Average triplets score

by Aspect

Average triplets score by Compartment

Athens 5/12/2012

0

0,1

0,2

0,3

0,4

0,5

0,6

0,7

0,8

0,9

1

CO01 CO02 CO03 CO04 CO05 CO06 CO07 CO08 CO09 CO10 CO11 CO12 CO13 CO14 CO15 CO17 CO18 CO19

Trip

let

Sc

ore

Compartments

PARCEL’S ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE – The ΙΑΡ results:

The whole picture:

Which Compartments (biotic-abiotic environment) are

more vulnerable and which of the producer’s cultural

activities (Aspects) are driving the pattern ?

Plot of the average triplet score by compartment, where the points are

transformed to pies representing the relative contribution of each aspect to the

impact on each compartment

Athens 5/12/2012

Crop protection (BPI, AUA)

1. Management of insect pests 2. Pruning – organic management systems 3. Weed Management 4. Diseases of olives

5. Spatial dispersal of insects– mass trapping 6. Beneficial arthropods 7. Spray drift management parameters 8. Protection of aquatic organisms 9. Sprays – spraying equipments and nozzles

10. Pesticide storage, transport and handling parameters solid waste , spraying remnants and empty containers

TRAINING ON PARAMETERS MEASUREMENTS/ ASSESSMENTS: ΙΑΡ

Athens 5/12/2012

Soil and water (LRI)

1. Sampling Manual & SOPs

2. Training on sampling procedures

3. Training on important parameters of fertilization, irrigation

and soil management

TRAINING ON PARAMETERS MEASUREMENTS/ ASSESSMENTS: ΙΑΡ

Athens 5/12/2012

ΔΡΑΣΗ 3: Design of IAP

Biodiversity (EKBY-Greek Biotope-Wetland Centre)

TRAINING ON PARAMETERS MEASUREMENTS/ ASSESSMENTS: ΙΑΡ

1. Training on :

• Monitoring the abundance and diversity of fauna and flora,

• Identification of important species (bio -indicators),

• Monitoring of parameters/indicators,

• Use of equipment

2. Assessment in situ and quality control of parameter collection

Athens 5/12/2012

BPI: Guidelines are issued related to:

Methods of pest management,

Protection of beneficial arthropods,

Storage conditions and principles,

Spray Remnant Management,

Rational use of pesticides (operator/worker),

Visual inspections of spraying equipment/check points

PARCEL ASSESSMENT-GUIDELINES

Athens 5/12/2012

PARCEL ASSESSMENT-GUIDELINES

LRI:

Guidelines for fertilisation (each

individual parcel)

Publication of General

Principles related to fertilization

and water use (for the growers

and the agronomists)

Identification of site specific

problems-proposal for

improvements

Athens 5/12/2012

EKBY: Identification of activities which

have a negative impact on biodiversity following impact assessment of the

common Greek cultural activities .

Guidelines have been issued for:

1. Cultural activities that do not affect

wild fauna and flora

2. Compliance of growers with good

agricultural practices related to

biodiversity preservation/ protection

PARCEL ASSESSMENT-GUIDELINES

Athens 5/12/2012

SOIL-WATER

1. Water pH, EC, NO3, NH4, CO3, HCO3, Cl, SO4, P, Ca, Mg, Na, K, B, Cu, Mn, Fe, Zn, Ni,

Cd, Pb)

Per sample: 21

TOTAL: 924 analyses

2. Soil

Soil texture, pH, EC, organic matter, CaCO3, CEC, SAR, ESP, Nkjeldahl, NO3, P, (Na – K – Mg – Ca)exchangeable, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, B

TOTAL: 14.164 analyses of 706 Samples

Athens 5/12/2012

ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE OF THE AREA

1. Herbicide glyphosate and its metabolite AMPA (soil and water)

2. 210 active substances of pesticides-correlation with inputs (water)

3. 20 active substances –assessment of their e-fate in relation to the time

of application

Athens 5/12/2012

SOIL-WATER (pesticides and relevant metabolites)

ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE OF THE AREA

Establishment of an Impact Assessment Procedure as a

tool for sustainability of agro-ecosystem:

THE CASE OF MEDITERRANEAN OLIVES

Main Deliverables

Athens 5/12/2012

1. ΙΑΡ Method for impact assessment

2. Training Material (for in situ parameter

assessment/measurement,

environmental friendly cultural

practices and the IAP Method)

3. Guidelines (arae/site and parcel

specific)

4. Environmental Performance Indicators

Greek oil marketing

Greek oil marketing support

Establishment of an Impact Assessment Procedure

as a tool for sustainability of agro-ecosystem:

THE CASE OF MEDITERRANEAN OLIVES

SAGE10

WEBSITE

www.sage10.gr

LEAFLET &TRAINING MATERIAL

Athens 5/12/2012

Creation of a human network-

integration of scientists with growers

Public consultation for IAP –relevant

for scientists

Presentation of IAP to growers’

Unions

Presentation of IAP to Regulators

and Industry- EC, DG SANCO, ECPA,

Athens 5/12/2012

A. Charistou, K. Kyriakopoulou, A. Tsakirakis ,B. Anastasiadou (Safe use of pesticides for human health and the biotic environment)

E.Karassali, K. Liapis, G. Miliadis, (Soil/water analyses for pesticide residues) E. Kapaxidi, F. Karamaouna, D. Papachristos (Insect pests management and beneficial arthropods monitoring)

V. Kati, A. Akrivou, S. Lymberopoulou (Weed management and flora indicators)

N. Skandalis (Olive diseases management)

E. Markellou, I. Mantzouni , K. Machera (Coordination of the project & the development of IAP Method) External expert : M. Vlachogiannis (Spraying equipment controls and maintenance)

Athens 5/12/2012

BPI SCIENTISTS

SAGE10

Thank you

for

your attention

Athens 5/12/2012