adas presentation brahmaiah

Dept. Of Computer EngineeringProf. Dr. Wolfram Hardt

Advanced Driver Assistance System

Chemnitz, 04/01/2016

Brahmaiah Takkellapati Technische Universität Chemnitz

RESEARCH SEMINAR


ADAS 2

CONTENTS

Introduction of ADAS. Degree of Automation. Technology Overview. Lane departure warning system. Intelligent Headlamp Control. Parking assistant system. Drowsiness detection system. Adaptive cruise control - Introduction and Principle. - Operations and Block Diagram. - Sensors and Actuators. - Algorithms. Blind spot detection - Introduction. - Sensors and Actuators. - Algorithms. ADAS current Development. Conclusion. References.

Chemnitz, 04/01/2016


ADAS 3Chemnitz, 04/01/2016

Introduction of ADAS

Advanced Driver Assistance System, which aid driver in the driving process and enable safe driving.

ADAS is one of the fatest growing segment in Automotive field.

Introduction• Degree of Automation • … • References

Source: http://www.autobild.de/bilder/technik-mercedes-e-klasse-807290.html#bild1


4Chemnitz, 04/01/2016 ADAS


Why ADAS? European Road Safety Revolution (1990-2010).





Why‘s ADAS Interesting? Government/legislative pull. Increase Consumer pull. Automaker needs New features.





ADAS Demand-System level:Introduction• Degree of Automation • … • References

Source: http://on-demand.gputechconf.com/gtc/2013/presentations/S3413-Advanced-Driver-Assistance-Systems-ADAS.pdf



Degree of Automation

5 Levels Of Automation:Introduction • Degree of Automation• Technology overwiew • … • References

Source: http://www.infineon.com/dgdl/2015-09-28+ATV+Analyst+Presentation.pdf?fileId=5546d4614fb7fdd10150046b31b2022b



Technology Overview

Parking Assistance

System

Drowsiness detection system

Intelligent Headlamp

Control

Lane Departure Warning System

Adaptive Cruise Control

Blind Spot Detection System

Advanced Driver Assistance System(ADAS)

..... • Degree of Automation • Technology overwiew • LDWS • … • References



Lane Departure Warning System(LDWS)

System that Provides the driver with optical or haptical warnings, and protect him from unintended changing lanes.

..... • Degree of Automation • LDWS • IHC … • References

Source: http://www.continental-automotive.com/www/automotive_de_en/themes/commercial_vehicles/chassis_safety/adas/ldw_lks_en.html



Lane Departure Warning System(LDWS)

Sensors: Camera mounted high up in the windshield.

Actuators: Vibrations in the steering wheel or seat. Auditory signals. Visual.

.... • Degree of Automation • LDWS • IHC … • References

Source: http://www.nissan-global.com/EN/TECHNOLOGY/OVERVIEW/ldw.html



Intelligent Headlamp Control(IHC)

Intelligent Headlamp Control enables better vision at night. IHC ensures optimum illumination of the road in all driving suituation.

.... • LDWS • IHC • PAS • … • References

Source: http://www.continental-automotive.com/www/automotive_de_en/themes/commercial_vehicles/chassis_safety/adas/ihc_en.html



Intelligent Headlamp Control(IHC)

Sensors: Imaging sensor.

Source: http://www.conti-online.com/www/industrial_sensors_de_de/themes/mfc_2_de.html

Actuators: High beam state and a low beam state for a vehicle headlamp.

.... • LDWS • IHC • PAS • … • References



Parking assistant System(PAS)

System that can detect obstacles at the rear of the vehicle, and provide information to the driver regarding the distance.

When an obstacle is detected by the PAS, it will alert the driver by warning buzzer sounds.

... • IHC • PAS • DDS • … • References

Source: http://www.at.ford.com/news/publications/Publications/APA.pdf



Parking assistant System(PAS)

Sensors: Ultrasoninc sensor:- Detects the distance between the vehicle and the

obstacle. Mounted on each sides of the bumper.

Source: http://www.bosch-mobility-solutions.cz/media/db_application/downloads/pdf/comfort_1/en_5/einparkenleichtgemachtparkassistenzsystemevonbosch.pdf

Actuator: Audible alarm (buzzer sounds in stages). Visual alert.

... • IHC • PAS • DDS • … • References



Drowsiness Detection System(DDS)

System that assist and warns Drivers to prevent them falling asleep Momentarily.

Driver drowsiness can be determined by following measures: (1) Vehicle based measures. (2) Behavioral measures. (3) Physiological measures.

..... • PAS • DDS • ACC • … • References

Source: https://www.rti.com/whitepapers/Right_Middleware_for_IIoT.pdf



Drowsiness Detection System

Sensors: Steering angle sensor. Position sensor. Camera to detect eyemovements. Camera to detect a changes in lane.

Actuator: Visual and Audible alarms.

.... • PAS • DDS • ACC • … • References

Source: http://nissannews.com/en-US/nissan/usa/releases/video-report-nissan-driver-attention-alert-helps-combat-drowsy-driving-with-innovative-system



Adaptive cruise Control(ACC)

Introduction: Assists the driver to keep a safe distance from preceding vehicle by

controlling the engine, throttle and brake.

...• DDS • ACC • ACC Principle … • References

Source: Prabs, (2010), Adaptive Cruise Control system



ACC-Principle

Working Principle: Works by detecting the distance and Speed of vehicles ahead by radar

sensor. Time taken to transmit and receive is the key principle for distance

measurement. Speed can measured by frequency of the reflected beam by doppler

effect.

... • ACC • ACC Principle • ACC operation • … • References

Source: http://science.howstuffworks.com/science-vs-myth/everyday-myths/doppler-effect2.htm



ACC-operation

Working Operations:

Switch on ACC.

Set speed and Distance.

Sensor detects vehicle ahead.

Decelerate to ahead vehicle speed.

Keep Safe distance.

... • ACC Principle • ACC Operations • ACC Block Diagram • … • References



ACC-operation

Working Operations:... • ACC priciple • ACC Operations • ACC Block Diagram • … • References

Source: https://www.embedded.rwth-aachen.de/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=lehre:sose05:2_20050426_reqsbasics.pdf



ACC-Blockdiagram

Block diagram of ACC:

...•ACC operation• ACC Block diagram • ACC Sensors & Actuators •…• References

Source : Greg Marsden et al. (2000), Towards an understanding of adaptive cruise control



ACC-Sensors & Actuators

Sensors: Three types of Sensors can be used.

Installed behind the grill of the vehicle. Obtain Velocity, angular position and distance.

...•ACC Block Diagram•ACC Sensors & Actuators• ACC Algorithms•…• References




Lidar sensor: Stands for “Light Detection and Ranging”. Calculates the distance by illuminating the laser and reflecting light. Weather condition restrict its up to 30-40 meter.

...•ACC Block Diagram• ACC Sensors & Actuators•ACC Algorithms•…• References

Source: http://www.directindustry.de/prod/jenoptik-i-defense-civil-systems/product-65823-464586.html




Radar Sensor: It operates by radiating energy into free space and detecting echo

signal reflected from an object. It uses Principle of doppler effect. ACC systems are based on 77GHz RADAR sensors. Work in poor weather conditions.

Source: http://www.porscheownersmanuals.com/2011-cayenne-owners-manual/4/160/ACC

...•ACC Block Diagram•ACC Sensors & Actuators•ACC Algorithms•…• References




Fusion Sensor: Millimeter wave RADAR linked to a stereo type camera.

...•ACC Block Diagram•ACC Sensors & Actuators•ACC Algorithms•…•References

Source : http://studymafia.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/mechADAPTIVE-CRUISE-CONTROL-report.pdf




Actuators in ACC:

Brake.

Throttle.

Display.

...•ACC Block Diagram•ACC Sensors & Actuators•ACC Algorithms•…•References

Source : Hwisoo Eom and Sang Hun Lee, (12 June 2015), Human-Automation Interaction Design for Adaptive Cruise Control Systems of Ground Vehicles



ACC-Algorithm

ACC Speed Algorithm:...•ACC Sensors & Actuator • ACC Algorithm• BSDS Introduction• … •References

Source: D.Sivaraj, K.R.Radhakrishnan,(2011 ), Design of Automatic Steering Control and Adaptive Cruise Control of Smart Car.



ACC-Algorithm

ACC Speed Algorithm:

PWM_duty = Const_duty+(Ks*(CR - ROT)) where CR= Constant rotation value of the wheel. ROT=Current speed of the car. Ks=speed factor value. Adaptive Speed PWM Table

...•ACC Sensors & Actuator • ACC Algorithm• BSDS Introduction• … •References

Source: D.Sivaraj, K.R.Radhakrishnan,(2011 ), Design of Automatic Steering Control and Adaptive Cruise Control of Smart Car.



ACC-Algorithm

PID based Adaptive cruise control Algorithm:

...•ACC Sensors & Actuators • ACC Algorithm• BSDS Introduction•…•References

Source: M. Ben Swarup, M. Srinivasa Rao, (June 2015 ), Software Safety Simulation and Failure Analysis of Adaptive Cruise Control System



Blind spot detection system(BSDS)

Introduction: Blind spot detection system is device that really essential to monitor

blind spot region while driving vehicle in modern traffic condition.

...•ACC Algorithm• BSDS Introduction• BSDS Sensors & Actuators• …•References

Source: Mohd Ridhuan Bin Selamat, (16 June 2014), A BLIND SPOT DETECTION SYSTEM BASED ON ULTRASONIC SENSING



BSDS-Sensors & Actuators

Sensors: Radar based sensors. Vision cameras. Ultrasonic Sensor.

...•BSDS Introduction•BSDS Sensors & Actuators•BSDS Algorithms•…•References




BSDS-Sensors & Actuators

Actuators: Light display on their side-view mirror housings begins to flash. Audible and visible alarm. Steering wheel vibrate.


...•BSDS Introduction•BSDS Sensors & Actuators•BSDS Algorithms•…•References



BSDS-Algorthims

A BLIND SPOT DETECTION SYSTEM BASED ON ULTRASONIC SENSING:

...•BSDS Sensors & Actuators•BSDS Algorthims•Current Development•…•References




BSDS-Algorthims

Indicators in Various condition:





BSDS-Algorthims

Algorithm Flow Chart:





BSDS-Algorithms

Method to detect objects in vehicle blind spots using cameras:

The system here is divided into three units. Input unit processing unit output unit

Source: C.T. Chen & Y.S. Chen, (Oct. 2009), Real-time approaching vehicle detection in blind-spot area




ADAS –Current Development

Autonomous Car:... •BSDS Algoritm • ADAS Current Development • Conclusion • … •Reference

Source: http://www.rdtaxsavers.com/articles/Advanced-Driver-Assistance



Conclusion

Fully autonomous car is probably viable in the foreseen future.

Near by vehicles would be in constant communication with each other and act co-operatively.

It will probably take decades, but car accidents may eventually become rare.

Introdution •...• Conclusion • Reference



Refferences

Adrian Lund, June 18, 2013, Drivers and Driver Assistance Systems. O. Gietelink, J. Ploeg, B. De Schutter and M.Verhaegen, "Development

of advanced driver assistance systems with vehicle hardware-in-the-loop simulations," Vehicle System Dynamics, vol. 44, no. 7, pp. 569-590, July 2006.

Michael Darms, Florian Foelster, Jochen Schmidt, Dominik Froehlich and Alfred Eckert, “Data Fusion Strategies in Advanced Driver

Assistance Systems” , October 2010. J.P. Thalen, “ADAS for the Car of the Future”, April/June 2006. Tariq Jamil, Senior Member IEEE, Member IET,IAENG, “Design and

Implementation of a Parking Helper ”, October 20-22, 2009, San Francisco, USA.

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6157099 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=5983821 http://www.erscharter.eu/en/road-safety-in-action https://mycardoeswhat.org/safety-features/lane-departure-warning/

Introduction•... •Conclusion •References•

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6157099

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6157099

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=5983821

http://www.erscharter.eu/en/road-safety-in-action

http://www.erscharter.eu/en/road-safety-in-action

https://mycardoeswhat.org/safety-features/lane-departure-warning/

https://mycardoeswhat.org/safety-features/lane-departure-warning/



Refferences

Ying Li and Sharath Pankanti,“Intelligent Headlight Control Using Camera Sensors”, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, NY, 2009.

Diarmaid O Cualain, “Lane Departure and Obstacle Detection Algorithm for use in an Automotive Environment”, March 2005. S. Paul Sathiyan, S. Suresh Kumar, A. Immanuel Selvakumar, “A

Comprehensive review on Cruise Control for Intelligent Vehicles”, April 2013(IJITEE).

Vandna Saini, Rekha Saini, “Driver Drowsiness Detection System and Techniques: A Review”, 2014. Din-Chang Tseng, Member, IACSIT, Chang-Tao Hsu, and Wei-ShenChen,

“Blind-Spot Vehicle Detection Using Motion and Static Features”, December 2014.

http://www.intel.de/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/white-papers/advanced-driver-assistant-system-paper.pdf

http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-15820069 http://time.com/3719270/you-asked-how-do-driverless-cars-work/





http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-15820069

http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-15820069

http://time.com/3719270/you-asked-how-do-driverless-cars-work/

http://time.com/3719270/you-asked-how-do-driverless-cars-work/



Refferences

https://connect.innovateuk.org/documents/2864009/22346187/JLRADAS_Auto_sense.pdf/d39c5195-64df-4c65-907c-40f9705c8272

http://www.rst.e-technik.tu-dortmund.de/cms/Medienpool/Downloads/Veranstaltungen/Dortmunder_Regelungstechnische_Kolloquien/2008/Vortrag2_08_Gunia.pdf

http://www.continental-automotive.com/www/automotive_de_en/themes/passenger_cars/chassis_safety/adas/

http://www.conti-engineering.de/www/download/engineering_services_de_en/themes/brakes_chassis/download/factsheet_adas_en.pdf

http://www.bosch-mobility-solutions.ru/media/db_application/downloads/pdf/comfort_1/en_5/einparkenleichtgemachtparkassistenzsystemevonbosch.pdf

https://www.embedded.rwth-aachen.de/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=lehre:sose05:2_20050426_reqsbasics.pdf





















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