adaptation landscape
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Presented at the Climate Change Negotiator Training held in May 2014, in Sri Lanka.TRANSCRIPT
Adaptation Landscape in UNFCCC
Sanjay Vashist
Outline…
Adaptation Vs. Mitigation
Key Adaptation Decision in UNFCCC Landscape
Overview of key findings of IPCC WG II
Adaptation in 2015 agreement
Conclusion.
IPCC Definition…
Adaptation:
The process of adjustment in nature or human systems in response to actual or expected climate stimuli or their effects, which moderates harm or exploits beneficial opportunities.
Mitigation:
Mitigation is a human intervention to reduce the sources or enhance the sinks of greenhouse gases.
1. Marrakech Accord (COP 7) Year 2001
Prepare and implement National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA) for Least Developed Countries (LDC)
Establishment of Least Developed Country Fund (LDCF)
Adaptation in UNFCCC Landscape…
2. Bali Road Map (COP 13/CMP 3)- Year 2007
Adaptation as one of the building block of Bali Road Map (BRM)- Mitigation, finance and technology transfer.
Prioritize the vulnerable developing countries as LDC, SIDs and Africa.
Creation of Adaptation Fund it’s Board, Trustee and Secretariat.
Adaptation in UNFCCC Landscape…
3. Copenhagen Accord (COP 15/CMP 5)- Year 2009
Global Temperature should be below 2oC and should consider the long tem goal in relation to temperature rise of 1.5oC.
Establishment of Green Climate Fund (GCF).
Short tem finance of 30 billion (2010- 2012)
Long term finance for 100 billion annually by 2020
Adaptation in UNFCCC Landscape…
4. Cancun Conference (COP 16/CMP 6)- Year 2010
Adopted Cancun Adaptation Framework (CAF)
I. National Adaptation Plans (NAPs)
II. Establish Adaptation Committee (AC)
III. Work Program on Loss and Damage
Adaptation in UNFCCC Landscape…
5. Durban Platform (COP 17/CMP 7)- Year 2011
Adopt a draft guidelines for the formulation of National Adaptation Plan (NAPs)
Decide Composition of and modalities and procedures for the Adaptation Committee under the authority of and accountable to the COP.
Adaptation in UNFCCC Landscape…
6. Warsaw Conference (COP 19/CMP 9) – 2013
Warsaw International Mechanism on Loss and Damage.
Loss and Damage – A new reality, Third pillar of the negotiation.
Limits to adaptation.
Adaptation in UNFCCC Landscape…
Adaptation Finance…
1. Raising Adaptation Finance under UNFCCC Financial
Arrangement.
100 Billion USD annually by 2020 in Green Climate Fund.
2. Direct access and Grant basis
3. No Co-financing
4. New and additional to existing ODA Commitments
5. Channel through UNFCCC Mechanism.
Future Adaptation Funding Needs
World Bank (2006)
Stern Review (2006)
Oxfam (2007)
UNDP (2007)
UNFCCC (2007)
Project Catalyst
World Bank (2009)
9 – 41 Billions 4 – 37 Billions
50 Billions 47 – 109 Billions
28 – 67 Billions
67 -77 Billions
75 -100 Billions
Adaptation Funding
SCCF LDCF AF PPCR Total
Available Now 222 Millions 506 Millions 271 Millions 805 Millions 1.8 Billions
1. Adaptation as an Integral part of 2015 agreement
2. Adoption of Global goal on Adaptation
3. Means of Implementation – Adaptation Finance, Technology and Capacity Building.
4. Loss and Damage – New Reality.
Adaptation into 2015 agreement…
Conclusion…
1. Act now to reduce global GHG in the scale that will allow world to stay below 1.5 degree above pre-industrial state.
2. All country need to do their fare share of reducing GHG emission.
3. All country are vulnerable and all country need to act.
4. The risks are real & wide-reaching.
5. Poor and marginalized communities will be hit hardest
6. Uncertainty is no reason to delay action
7. No single adaptation solutions fits all
8. Adaptation has its limit to adapt.
Thank you !!!