ad-777 225 prisoners of war and political hostages · adler, h. auschwitz. zeugnisse und berichte....

r AD-777 225

PRISONERS OF WAR AND POLITICAL HOSTAGES

A SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY

MONROE CORPORATION

PREPARED FOR

AIR FORCE OFFICE OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH

OCTOBER 1973

DISTRIBUTED BY:

NalM TMhiinl IdfinHrtiM U. S. DEPARTMENT OF

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PRISONEBS or WAR AND POLITICAL HOSTAGES, A SEIECT BIBLIOGRAPHY

4 0«»€M»TIV« ««Scientific, Interiw._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

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Air Force Office of Scientific Research (N1 ^1400 Wilson Boulevard, —

Arlington, Virginia, 22209

In raapons* to requests frosi scholars of the AxMd Serrioes Colleges and Civilian Institutions, a partial Bibliogr^y has been drawn wUch Identifies Midi of the relevant literature relatinq to Prisoners of War and Political Hostages, Korean War to present, in the following categories:Behavioral studies Historical reportsLegal analyses Journalistic studiesWllltary docwents Belated Bibliogri«>hles

Foreign Scientific and Press reports have only been partially covered but will be addressed in a later pd»llcatlon.

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POW Political Hostages Idealogical Conflict Prison Mistreatment Military Code of Conduct Captured U S Military personnel in VietNam Geneva Conventions War Criminal Charges International Peace movements

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PRISONEKS OF WAR

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POLITICAL HOSTAGES,

A SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY

The Monroe Corporation

8001 Forbes Place

Springfield, Virginia 22151

Report AlO-l

October, 1973

Approved for public releaSS'^ distribution unlimited.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

FOREWORD ill

A. HISTORICAL 1

B. LEGAL 9

C. MILITARY 14

D. BEHAVIORAL 19

E. JOURNALISTIC 31

F. PERSONAL EXPERIENCE 35

G. MEDICAL 41

H. BIBLIOGRAPHIES 46

^

This research was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific

Research (AFSC) under Contract #F44620-74C-O011.

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FOREWORD

The following is a selected bibliography of historical,

scientific, military and journalistic documents which relate to

the broad subjects of Prisoners of War and the Political Use of

Hostages. Though interim, it is circulated in this form as a

partial response to the many students of human events who have

requested source materials in their pursuit of understanding the

changes that have occurred in international affairs over the recent

years in which human beings are increasingly the coerced victims in

a conflict of systems — acknowledged or undeclared.

Associates of the Monroe Corporation have been inv^.ved in

studies of one aspect or another of the behavioral problems in POW

matters for over three decades. Under contract with the Air Force

Office of Scientific Research, we are engaged in an analysis of the

Implications of long term captivity for training in the Air Force.

This interim report will also aid in furthering the planning of

that project and eliciting further suggestions for increasing the

scope and utility of the listing. As the work continues, supplements

to the bibliography will be published. Emphasis will be placed

upon scientific and scholarly publications of both domestic and

foreign scholars, which are not covered with completeness in this

interim report.

James L Monroe

October 1, 1973 -ill-

BIBLIOGRAPHY

A. HISTORICAL

Abell, F. Prisoners of war In Britain. 1756-1815. London: Oxford University Press, 1914.

Adelsberger, Lucle. "Psychologische Beobachtungen In Konzentra- tion lager Auschwitz." (Psychological observations In the concentration camp Auschwitz.") Schweiz. Ztschr. Psychol. u. Ihre Anwend.. 6 (19^7), 124-131.

Adler, H. Auschwitz. Zeugnisse und Berichte. Frankfurt am Main; « Europaische Verlagsanstalt, 19o2.

American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research. The Prisoner of War Problem. Washington: American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, 1970.

"Americans from Japanese prisons." Lancet. 251 (19^6), 18.

Arendt, Hannah. The origins of totalitarianism. New York: Harcourt Brace, 1951.

Back, Kurt W. "The Einstellung Test and Performance in Factual Interviewing." The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psycholoay. Vol. 52, No. 1 (January, 1956), 2b-32.

■

Barnett, A. D. Imprisonment of the mind. New York: Amer. Univer. Field Staff, 1955.

. The United States and the Far East. New York; Columbia University Press, 1956.

Barton, Clara. Report of an expedition to Anderaonville. New York: Tribune Ass., löoo.

Bauer, T. J. The systematic destruction of the Catholic Church in China. New York: World Horizons, 195*.

Beck, P., & Godln, W. (both pseuds.). Russian purge and the extraction of confessions. New York: Viking, 1951.

Bekessy, J. A thousand shall fall. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 19^1.

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Bergmen, R. A. M. "Who is old? Death rate in Japanese concentration camp as criterion of age." J. Gerontol.. 3 (19^8), 14-17.

Bettelheim, B. The informed heart; autonomy in a mass age. Glen- coe, Illinois: Free Press, I960.

Blair, C, Jr. Beyond courage. New York: David McKay, 1955.

Bloom, L. "Prlsonizatlon and the WRA camps." Res. Stud. State Coll. Wash.. 1 (19ü:0, 29-34.

., and Riemer, Ruth. Removal and return. Berkeley: Univ. Calif Press, 19^9.

Bluhm, Hilde 0. "How did they survive? Mechanisms of defense in Nazi concentration camps." Amer. J. Psycnother.. 2 (1948), 3-32.

Böhme, K. W. Die deutschen Kriegsgefangenen in Jugoslawien 1941-1949. Bielefeld! Verlag Ernst und Werner Gieseking, 1962-1964.

Bondy, C. "Problems of internment camps." J. abnorm, soc. psychol.. 38 (1943), 453-478.

"Rehabilitating the internee." Publ. Qpin. Quart.. 7 (19^5), 629-632.

Bonnard, Augusta. "The metapsychology of the Russian trials confessions." Int. J. Psychoanal.. 35 (1954), 208-213.

Eoswor-th, Allan R. America's Concentration Camps. New York; Norton, 1957.

"'Brainwashing1 and reliability." Editorial. Human Organ.. Vol.13, No. 4 (1955), 4.

Brandt, C; Schwartz, B.; and Fairbank, J. K. A documentary history of Chinese Communism. Cambridge; Harvard Univer. Press, 1952.

Brown, D. A. The galvanized yankees. Urbana: Unjv. of Illinois Press, 1963.

Brown, Wencell, Hong Kong aftermath. New York: Smith & Durrell, 19^3.

Chen, T. H.; and Chiu, S. M. "Thoughtreform in Communist China." (Measures taken by the Communist Party to combat devlatlonlst tendencies). Far East. Surv.. 24 (1955). 117-1Ö4.

Chunn, Calvin E. Of rice and men; the story of Americans under the Rising Sun"! Los Angeles: Veterans' Pub. Co., 1946.

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-3- Claay, Michel. Prlsonnlers en URSS. Olvors, Rhone; Martel, 1955«

Claudius, W. A Soviet political Isolator. St. Antony's papers on Soviet affairs. Oxford: St. Antony's Coll., 1956.

Crawford, J. N. "Barbed wire humor." Can. Med. Ass. J.. 57 (19^7), 593-596.

Curie, A. "Transitional communities and social reconnectlon; A follow-up study of the civil resettlement of British prisoners of war." Hum. Relat.. 1, Part I (19^7), 42-68; 1, Part II, 240-288.

Dabney, W. M. After Saratoga; the story of the Convention Army. A1 buquerque: Univ. of New Mexico Press, 1954.

Dallln, D. J. The economics of slave labor. Chicago; Regnery, 19^9.

, and Nlcolaevsky, B. I. Forced labor in Soviet Russia. New Haven; Yale Unlvers. Pr., 1947.

Dandrldge, Danske B. American Prisoners of the Revolution. Balti- more ; Genealogical Pub. Co., 1967«

Dearlove, A. R. "Enforced leisure; a study of activities of officer prisoners of war." Brit. Med. J.. 1 (1945), 406-409.

Denny, H. N. Behind both lines. New York: Viking, 1942.

Derry, S. The Rome escape line; the story of the British organization in Rome for assisting escaped prisoners of war. 194^-44 New York; Norton, I960.

Draper, Gerald I. The Red Cross conventions. New York; Praeger, 1958.

Dyess, William £. The Dvess Story; an eyewitness account of the death march from BataanJNew York; Putnam, 1944.

Emmens, Robert G. Quests of the Kremlin. New York; Macmlllan, 1949,

Palk, Stanley L. Bataan; the march of death. New York: Norton, 1962.

Farrar-Hockley, A. The edge of the sword. New York; Viking, 1954.

Federn, E. "The terror as a system: the concentration camp." Psvchiat. Quart. SUPPI.. 22 (1948), Part I.

Fisher, G. "Japanese evacuation from the Pacific coast." Par East. Surv., 2 (1942), 145-150.

Soviet opposition to Stalin; a case study of World War IJ. Cambridge, Mass.; Harvard Univer. Pr., 1952.

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Flscher, K. J. Der Gefangene von Stalingrad. Schererverlag; Wlllsbach, Wurtt., 194Ö.

Fooks, H.C. Prisoners of War. Federalsburg, Md.: J, W. Stowell, 1924.

Forsythe, John W. Guerrilla warfare, and life In Llbby Prison. Annandale, VaTT Turnpike Press, 1967.

Fried, J. H. E. Les methodes et les procedea du fasqlsme. Paris; United Nat. Educ, Soc. & Cultural Organization, 1949.

Friedrich, C. J. ed. Totalitarianism. Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Pr., 1954.

Gage, T. The letters of the two commanders In chief; Generals Gage and Washington, and Ma.lor Generals Burgoyne and Lee; with the manifests of General Washington to the Inhabitants of Canada. New York; James Rlvlngton, 1775.

GaJllmard. ed. La Chine de la douceur. Paris; L'alr du temps, I960.

Gascar, Pierre. Hlstolre de la captlvlte des Francais en Allemagne 19^9-194^. Paris: Galllmard, 1967.

Germany. Auswärtiges Amt. Bolschewistische Verbrechen gegen Kriegsrecht und Menschlichkeit; Dokumente zusammengestellt vom Auswärtigen Amt. Berlin: Gedruckt Im Deutschen Verlag,

Gollwltzer, H. Unwilling .journey. Philadelphia; Muhlenberg, 1953.

Gottschick, Johann. Psychiatrie der Kriegsgefangenschaft; dergestellt auf Grund von Beobachtungen In den U.S.A. an deutschen Kriegs- gefangenen aus dem letzten Weltkrieg. Stuttgart; Gustav Fischer Verlag, 1963.

Gfourlay, w. E. The Chinese Communist cadre; key to political control. Cambridge; Harvard Unlver. Rus. Res. Center, 1952.

Hacker, A. "Dostoevsky's disciples: man and sheep In political theory." J. Politics. 18 (1955), 590-613.

Haffner, G. 0. "The treatment of prisoners of war by the Americans during the War of Independence." Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, Unlver. Ind., 1952.

Hanayama, S. The way of deliverance; three years with the condemned Japanese war criminals. New York; Scrlbner, 1950.

Hawes, T. H. "Returned prisoners of war." Lancet. 1 (19^5), 643.

Hawkins, Jack. Never say die. Philadelphia: Dorrance, 1961.

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Hemmerlein, R. R. Prisons and prisoners of the Civil War. Christopher, 193^.

Boston:

Hill, Max. Exchange Ship. New York: Parrar and Rlnehart, 19^2.

Hlnkle, L. E., Jr. and Wolff, H. Q. "The methods of Interrogation and Indoctrination used by Communist state police." Bull. N.Y. Acad. Med.. 33 (1957), 600-615.

Hoess, Rudolph. Commandant of Auschwitz. Cleveland: World Pub. Co., i960.

Inkeles, A. "The totalitarian mystique." In C. J. Friedrich, Totalitarianism. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Unlver. Pr., 15*^.

Instltorls (H. Kraemer) and J. Sprenger. Malleus maleflcarum. Translated by M. Summers. London: J. Rodker, 1920.

Institute of World Polity. Prisoners of war. Washington, D.C.: Inst. of World Polity, School of Foreign Serv., Georgetown Unlver., 19^8.

International Public Opinion Research, Inc. A summary of Interviews with former Inmates of Soviet labor camps. New York: Author, 1952.

Jacob, P. E. "Atrocity propaganda." Propaganda by short wave. Ed. by H, L. Chllds and J. B. Whltton. Princeton: Princeton University Pr., 19^2.

Johnson, C. R. Conflict and accommodation between selected groups of military prisoners of war and the dominant group In the World War with special reference to certain origins of these processes; a study In the social psychology of prisoner of war life.Los Angeles:Unlver. Sth Calif., Press, 1938.

Kantor, M, Andersonvllle 1955.

Cleveland, Ohio: World Publishing Co.,

Kennedy, J. "Correspondence." Brit, med. J.. 2 (19^5)» 513.

Klnne, D. Q. The wooden boxes. London: Müller, 1955.

Klrkpatrlck, Jeane J., and Ullassl, P. D. Ad.iustment of Chinese soldiers to the Communist demand for Ideological participation. Washington, D.C.: HumRRO, Qeo. Wash. Unlver., Feb. 1959.

La Violette, P. E. The Canadian Japanese and World War II. Toronto: Unlver. Toronto Pr., 19^8.

Lerner, D. Svkewar. New York: George W. Stewart, 19^9.

Lestschlnsky, J. Crisis, catastrophe, and survival, a Jewish balance sheet. 1914-1Q4B.New York:19^0.

■ «a»»« ,

-6- Lewls, Michael A. Napoleon and his British captives. London:

Allen and Unwln, 1962.

Lindsay, M, Notes on education problems In Communist China. New York: Internal. Secretariat, Inst. of Pacific Relations, 1950.

Lowenfeld, A. F. "The Free Germany Committee—an historical study." Rev. Politics. 14 (1952), 3^-352.

Lcwenthal, L. "Terror's atomizatlon of man." Commentary. 1 (1946) 1-8.

McElroy, John, This was Andersonvllle; the true story of Anderson- ville military prison as told In the personal recollections of John McElroy. sometime private. Co. L. i6th Illinois Cavalry. New York: McDowell, Obolensky, 1957.

Maclean, Fltzroy. Eastern approaches. 8th imp. London: 1950.

Maschke, Erich. Zur Geschichte der deutschen Kriegsgefangenen des Zelten Weltkrieges. Blelefelt und Gleseking, 1962.

"Mentality of the war prisoner." Sei. Amer.. 8? (1919), 105.

"The mentality of the war prisoner." Lancet. 2 (1918), 675-676.

Neave, Alrey. The escape room. First published in London under title: Saturday at M.I.9. Garden City, N.Y.: Doublday, 1970.

New Zealand. Dept. of Internal Affairs, War History Branch. Hall, David 0. W. Prisoners of Germany. 19^9.

.. Dept. of Internal Affairs, War History Branch. Hall, David 0. W. Prisoners of Italy. 1949-

. Dept. of Internal Affairs, War History Branch. Hall, David 0. W. Prisoners of Japan. 1949.

. Dept. of Internal Affairs, War History Branch. Hall, David 0. W. Escapes. 195^.

. Dept. of Internal Affairs, War History Branch. Hall, David 0. W. Prisoners of Germany. 1954.

,. Dept. of Internal Affairs, War History Branch. Mason, A. W. Prisoners of War. 1954.

Pabel, R. Enemies are human. Philadelphia; Winston, 1955.

Pajnez, Y. Les Viet Mins et la guerre psychologluue. Paris: Edition de la Colombe, 1955«

Pye, L. Guerilla Communism in Malaya. Princeton: Princeton University Pr., 1956.

./

-7- Radford, R. A. "The economic organization of a POW camp."

Economica. 11 {19^5). 189-201.

Read, J. M. Atrocity propaganda. New Haven: Yale Univer. Pr., 19^1.

Red Cross. Report of the International Committee of the Red Cross on Its activities during the Second World War. Sept. 1. 1939- June 30. 194?:

Reiners, W. 0. "Soviet indoctrination of German war prisoners 1941-1956." Unpublished report, Cambridge, Center for Int. Stud., Mass. Inst. Tech.

1 Rieth, Adolf. Monuments to the victims of tyranny. New York:

P. A. Praeger, 1969.

Romilly, G, The privileged nightmare. London: Weidenfeld Nlcolson, 195*.

Roosenburg, H. The walls came tumbling down. New York: Viking, 1957.

Schwartz, B. I. Chinese Communism and the rise of Mao. Cambridge, Mass.: HarvarJ Univer. Pr., 1951.

Schwartz, W. "Die Kriegsgefangenschaft als pädagogische Provinz." Westdeutsche Schulzeitung. 13-14 (195^), 168-170.

Sexton, W, K. We fought for freedom. Kansas City: Burton Pub., 19^8.

Sharp, John C. In Japanese hands. A list of books dealing with prisoner of war and internme 194*5. Birmingham, Eng., 195 prisoner of war and Internment camps in the Far East. 1941-

Slnevirskli, N. Smersh. Edited by K. Hill and M. Hill; translated by C. W. Boldyress. New York: Holt, 1950.

Smith, L. B. "English treason trials and confessions In the six- teenth century." J. hist, ideas. 15 (195^), 471-498.

Stevens, P. H. Santo Tomas. New York: Stratford House, 1946.

Szmaglewska, S. Smoke over Birkenau. New York: Holt, 1947.

Tagiuri, R. Differential adjustment to internment camp life." J. soc. psvchol.. 48 (1958), 103-109.

Tantrl, Kitut. Revolt In paradise. New York: Harper, i960.

Torrie, A. "Return of Odysseus: problem of marital infidelity for repatriates." Brit, med. .1.. 2 (1945), 192.

WMg^«*»««—^ ■ - — ■ - - . . . —J.-a„..^.JT,.Mr.l,..ll„1,

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Tureen, L. L., and Palmer, J. 0. "Some group differences in personal values between American soldiers and German prisoners of war." J. soc. osvchol.. 42 (1955), 305-313.

U. S. Army. War Crimes Division, Judge Advocate Section, Korean Communications Zone. Extract of Interim Historical Report. Dept. of the Army, June, 1953.

. Forces in the Western Pacific. American and allied personnel recovered from Japanese prisons, a pictorial history. Manila, 1945.

U. S. Arsenal, Rock Island, 111. Rock Island Prison Barracks. 1863-1865. Rock Island, 111., 196Y.

U. S. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. American prisoners of war In Southeast Asia. 1970. Hearings. 91st Cong., 2nd sess., April, May 1970.

. House. Committee on Internal Security. Investigation of Students for a Democratic Society. Pt. 7A - Return of prisoners of war. Hearings. 91st Cong., 1st sess., Dec. 1969.

Senate. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Bombing Oper- ations and the prisoner of war, rescue mission in North Vietnam" Hearings. 91st Cong, i 2nd sess.. 24 November 1970.

U. S. Special Project Center, Fort Eustis, Va,, A reorientation program seen through the eyes of German prisoners. Fort Eustis, Va., 1947.

Vaughan, Elizabeth H. Community under stress; an internment camp culture. Princstonl Princeton Univer. Pr., 1949. '" ""

Walker, R. L. China under Communism; the first five years. New Haven: Yale Univer. Pr., 1955.

Williams, E. E. The book of famous escapes, a chronicle of escape in many wars, with eighteen first-hand accounts. New York; Norton, 1954.

Willis, Edward F. Herbert Hoover and the Russian prisoners of World War I; a study in diplomacy and relief. 1918-1919. Stanford: Stanford Univ. Press, 1951.

Winokur, G. "The germ warfare statements; a synthesis of a method for the extortion of false confessions." J. nerv. ment. dis.. 122 (1955), 65-72.

Wolff, H. G. "Commitment and resistance." Special reports of Study SR 177-D. Edited by A. D. Biderman and H. Zumtner. '.'ashington, D.C.; Bureau of Soc. Sei. Res., 1959.

^"CV^BP^

B. LEGAL

Baxter, R. R. "Asylum to prisoners of war." Reprint from British yearbook of International law. London, I953. - - -

Berle, A. A. "Legal background of Communist methods of Interronatlon and Indoctrination." Bull. N.Y. AcaJ. Med.. 33 (1957), 645-653.

Brown, R. l. Trial of prisoners of war for violation of the laws^Ctorlottesvliie, Va.: U. s! Judge AdVocate General's

Burnham, J. "Hanoi's Special Weapons System: threatened executionof captured American pilots as war criminals." Nat. R.August 9, 1966. - -

Dangerous decision: captured American airmen up for trial?" NewsweekJuly <?5, 19bb. - - - - a

"Deplorable and repulsive: North Vietnam plan to prosecute capturedU. S. pilots as war criminals." Time. July 29, 1966, pp. 12-13.

Diplomatic conference for the drawing up of a new convention Intended to proteci, war victims. Geneva conventions of August 12. 1949

Diplomatic conference for the establishment of International con

ventions for the protection of victims of war, Geneva . 1949 Background papers: Geneva conventions for the protections of*

Working papers of the State-Defense-Justice working grmin.Washington, 1955.

- • Geneva conventions of August 12. 1949. Geneva, 1952.

Emmons^^Harr^^ The Central Agency for prisoners of wa|». Alexandria,

Plory, William E.S. Prisoners of war; a study In the develonment nf

Pooks.pHerbert C.i^^jgoperg of w^f. Pederalsburg, Md.: Stowell

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Poreman, P. B. "Buchenwald and modern POW policy." Soc. forces. 37 (1959), 289-297.

France. Ministere de la guerre. Le drolt des gena et les conventions Internationales. Paris: Charles-Lavauzelle, 1955.

Gardner, Edith R. "Coerced confessions of prisoners of war. (How Is the nation to cope with false confessions which have been coerced?)" Geo. Wash, law rev.. 24 (1956), 528-563.

Gelleland, W. "Rlsoners of war in North Korea." Fed. Bar News. Vol. Ill, No. 5 (1956), 134-155.

Georgetown University. Institute of World Polity. Prisoners of war. Washington, D.C., 1948.

Germany. Wehrmacht. Oberkommando. Vorschrift fAr das Krlegs- gefangenenwesen. Berlin; Reichsdruckerei, 1939.

Goodwin, James E. "Repatriation of prisoners of war; forcible and non-forcible." U.S. Army War College, student thesis. Carlisle Barracks, Pa., i960.

Great Britain War Office. Regulations for the application of the 1949 Geneva Conventions and for the treatment of prisoners of war. London, 1951.

Grodzins, M. Loyal and disloyal; social boundaries of patriotism and treason. Chicago; Unlver. Chicago Pr.. 1Q46.

Grygier, T. Oppression; a study In social and criminal psychology. London:Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1954.

"Hanoi's humanitarianism: captured American airmen." Time. August 5, 1966.

"if N. Vietnam convicts captured U.S. fliers." U.S. News. August 1, 1966, pp. 20-21.

"instructive episode; confusion over the threatened trial of the American flyers held by the N. Vietnamese." Nation. August 8, 1966, p. 108.

"is Hanoi preparing for war crimes trials?" U.S. News. July 18, 1966, p. 8.

Keller, Günther. Kriegsgefangenschaft und Heimkehr. Kriminalität und Strafrechtliche Behandlung der Heimkehrer. Freiburg: Albert- Ludwigs-Universität, 1953.

Leighton, A. H. The governing of men: general principles and recommendations based on experiences at a Japanese relocation camp. Princeton: Princeton Unlver. Pr., 19^5.

Leites, H.C., and Bernaut, Elsa. Ritual of liquidation. Glencoe, 111.: Free Press, 195^.

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Levle, H. S. The employment of prisoners of war. Washington: Amer1can Society of International Law, 1963.

. Penal Sanctions for Maltreatment of Prisoners of war. Wa a hington; American Society of International Law, 1962.

. Prisoners of war and the protecting power. Reprint from American Journal of International Law. Washington: American Society of International Law, 1961.

Lewis, Q. C. History of prisoner of war utilization by the United States Army. ITTb-lQ1^ Dept. of Army, 1955.

Meerloo, J. A. M. "The crime of menticide." Amer. .1. psychlat.. 107 (1951), 59^-598.

"Misconduct in the prison camp: a survey of the law and an analysis of the Korean cases." A student note. Columbia law rev.. 56 (1956), 709-791*.

Prugh, Q. S., Jr. "The code of conduct for the Armed Forces." Columbia law rev.. 56 (1956), 678-707.

. "Justice for all RECP-K's." The army combat forces .1.. Vol. VI, No. 4, (1955), 15-26.

. "Prisoners at war: the POW battleground." Dickenson law rev.. 60 (1956), 123-138.

Rasmussen, Gustav. Code des prisonniers de guerre. Commentaire de la convention du 27 .luillet 1929. Copenhagen: Levin, 1931.

Red Cross. International Committee. Project dfe conventions revlsees ou nouvelles protegeant les victimes de la guerre.

International Committee. Report on meeting of government experts called at Geneva. Ik April 1947« Washington, 1947.

Rogge, 0. J. Why men confess. New York: Thos. Nelson, 1959.

Scheidl, P. J. Die Kriegsgefangenschaft von den ältesten Zeiten bis zur Gegenwart, eine völkerrechtliche Monographie.Berlin, Ebering, 19^3.

Spaight, J. M. War rights on land. London: Macmlllan, 1918,

Synge, T. M. "The problem of prisoners In future warfare." Roy, united aer. inst.. 77 (1932), 120-123.

Tollefson, M. "Enemy prisoners of war." Iowa law rev.. 32 (Nov., 1946) 51-77.

X ■?TS»

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U.S. Adjutant-General's Office. Regulations for the employment of prisoners of war. 1918. Washington: "T Dept., 1910.

U.S. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. The prisoner of war situation In Korea. Hearings before a subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations. Bist COng., 2nd sess. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Qov't. Print. Off., 1952.

Committee on Armed Services. Hearings before a sub- ccmmittee on H.R. 2498, Bist Cong., 1st sess. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Gov't. Printing Off., 1949.

. Cotr.miitee on Foreign Affairs. American Prisoners of war In Vietnam. Hearings. 91st Cong., 1st sess. Nov. .1969.

. Committee on Interstate and Foreign Conmerce. Hearings on bills to amend the War Clalns and the Trading with the Enemy Act, April 16 to August 6, 1959, 84th Cong., 2nd sess., 1959.

. . Ibid. April 30, 1956, 86th Cong., 1st sess., i960.

U.S. Congress. Senate. Committee on Armed Services. Hearings before a buscommittee on S. 857 and H.R. 4080, 8lst Cong., 1st sess., Washington, D.C.: U.S. Gov't. Print. Off., 1949«

. Committee on Government Operations. Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations. Communist interrogation, indoctrination. and exploitation of American military and civilian prisoners, report no. 2Ö32, 84th Cong., 2nd sess., Dec. 31, 1956. Washington, D.C.: U S. Gov't. Print. Off., 1957-

. Hearings before the Subcommittee on Korean War Atrocities, "Hfrd Cong., 1st sess., Washington, D.C.: U.S. Gov't. Print. Off., 1954.

Hearings. June 19, 20, 26, 27, 1956. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Gov't. Print. Off., 1954.

. Report of the Subcommittee on Korean War Atrocities. Report No. 848. 83rd Cong., 2nd sess., Washington, D.C.: U.S. Gov't. Print. Off., 1954.

U.S. Dept. of the Army. Army Library. Uniformed services; prisoners of war, etc.. savings deposits. Public Law 91-200; Legis- lative History. Washington, 1971.

. Lectures of the Geneva Convention of 1949. Pamphlet 20- 151. 28 April 195^.

U.S. Dept. of Defense. POWt the fight continues after the battle. The report of the Secretary of Defense's Advisory Committee on prisoners of war. Aug. iq(55. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Gov't. Print. Off., 1955.

-13- U.S. Dept. of State. Legal considerations underlying the position

of the United Nations Command regarding the Issue of forced repatriation of prisoners of war. Washington, 1952.

• Mr. Harrlman to supervise U.St action? on POWs In Vietnam; Statement. May IH. 19bb. by R. J. McCloskey. Bui. 54:böü, June b, iyoo.

sponsored resolution, by R. P. Woodward, Bui. 53: 725-6, November 1, 1965.

U.S. Provost Marshal General's Bureau. Prisoner of War Division. American civilian Internees, formerly detained by the German government (Including Warf Navy and Merchant Marine personnel) 11 December 1941 - Ü May 19H5T. Office of the Provost Marshal General, Prisoner of War Division, 191*5.

U.S. Treaties. Agreement between the United states of America and Germany concerning prisoners of war. Washington: U.S Gov't. Print. Off., 191Ö.

•^■w^^,,. ...f ,,

C. MILITARY

Andrews, M. "Psychological warfare in the Mexican War." A psychological warfare casebook. W. E. Daughtery & M. Janowitz, Editors. Tech. Memo. ORG-T-36O. Baltimore: Operations Res. Off., Johns Hopkins Unlver., 1958, 72-73.

Wedun, H. ''V.ar for n.en's minds.'' I..11 Ltury rev.. Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, March, 1954.

Biderman, A. D. Communist techniques of coercive interrogation. AFPTRC Develpm. Rep. TN-56-132.Lackland Air Force Base, Texas: Air Force Personnel & Training Res. Center, Dec. 1956.

. Death as a criterion in the study of extreme captivity situations. Washington, D.C.: Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Feb. 1961. APOSR-453.

. Necessary, permissible, and obligatory discourse with captor personnel. Prepared for U.S. Air Force, Office of Scientific Research, Office of Aerospace Research. Washington, Bureau of Social Science Research, Inc., 1965.

. "The objectives of training for the event of capture," Air Force Personnel & Training Res. Center, Intelligence Methods Branch, January 5, 1956. Unpublished, inultillthed.

"The relevance of studies of internment for the problems of shelter habitabllity." Symposium on human problems in the utilization of fallout shelter. Publ. Ö00, I960. Washington, D.C.: Nat'l Acad. of Sei., Nat'l Res. Coun.

Broughton, J. Third ridge. Philadelphia: Praeger, 1968.

Byfield, R.S. Logocide. the fifth weapon. New York: privately printed, 195^.

Canada. Defense Research Board. Report on Communist China based on the experience of three Canadian Jesuits In Kiangsu Province.DSI Report No. 11/55. Canada: Author, 1955.

Chandler, S., & Robb, R. W. Frontline Intelligence. Washington, D.C.; Infantry Journal Press, 1946.

Chin Kang. "The PLA policy for war prisoners." People's China. 2 (1950), 8-9.

Chinese Peoples Committee for World Peace. United Nations' POWs In Korea. Peking, China: Author, 1953.

-14-

.„-^p**^

<* ' •' ... _J^^

\ -

-15- Conference of German prisoner oi" war privates and non-oommissloned

officers In the Soviet Union. Prlmera Conferencia de soldados y subofIclales alemanes . prlsloneros do guerra^ Moscu, 1941.

Cunningham, V/lnfleld Scott, \vake Island command. Boston: Little, Brown, 1961.

David, Heather. Operation rescue. New York: Pinnacle Books, 1971•

Dsvereaux, James F. P. The story of ..'ake Island. Philadelphia: Llpplncott, ]9i*7.

Ehrmann, H. W. "An experiment in political education; i.he prisoner- of-war schools in the Uniteu States." Soc. res.. 14 (1947), 304-320.

Farago, L. War of wits. The anatomy of espionage and intelligence. New York: Punk & Wagnalls, 1954.

Flory, Maurice. Vers une nouyelle conception du prlsonnier de guerre? Paris: A. Pedone, 1954. "

Portier, Itolcolm V. The life of a POVI under the Japanese; In caricature... Spokane: Hill, 1946.

#■

Gallery, Daniel. The Pueblo Incident. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1970.

"We can baffle the bralnwashers." Sat. Eve. Post. January 22, 1955, P. 91».

Glass, R. R. & Davidson, P. B. Intelligence is for commanders. Harrlsburg, Pa.; Mll.tary Service Publ. Co., 19^8. "

Grant, L. B. "Operation big switch; medical intelligence processing." Unpublished mimeographed document, n.d.

Great Britain. Ministry of Defense. Treatment of the British prisoners of war in Korea. London: H.M.S.O., 1955.

Hansen, Kenneth K. Heroes behind barbed wire. Princeton; Van Hostrant, 1957.

llauser, E. 0. "German prisoners talk your ears off." Sat. Eve. Post. 217 (19^5), PP. 12-13.

Janowltz, M. The professional soldier; a social and political por- trait. Glencoe, Illinois: Free Press, I960.

Leiser, C. "A director of Nazi prison speaks out." J. crlm. law. crimino.. & police sei. 29 (1938), 3^5-3^2.

X r SPSgPl

Reproduced from best «vailable copy.

-16-

Levenson, Bernard h Back, Kurt. A gu^de for Intelligence Inter- viewing of voluntary foreign sources. Officer Education Research Laboratory, Air Force Personnel and Training Research Center, Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama, 1954. (OERL Tech. Memo No. 54-4.)

Lifton, R. J. ThouKht reform of Western civilians in Chinese Communist prisons. Washington, D.C.: Walter Reed Army Inst. of Res., Walter Reed Army Med. Center, May, 1956.

Marshall, S. L. A. Pork Chop Hill. New York: Permabooks, 1956.

The Military Police activities in connection with the evacuation and detention of prisoners of war, civilian Internees, and military personnel recovered from the enemy. U.S. Army. Forces in the European Theater, General Board of Study No. 103, 1946.

Monroe, James L "The Communist use of prisoners and hostages in the truce negotiations in Korea." Unpublished, 1956.

., Recorder. Report of the Air Force Advisory Committee on prisoners of warT (Secret - Excluded from downgrading). Office of the Secretary of the Air Force, The Pentagon,

Washington, D.C., November, 1963.

.., Editor. Special report to the Director of Plans; research findings following reception of returned POW from China. (Secret). Headquarters, U.S.A.P., Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Plans and Operations, The Pentagon, Washington, D.C., August, 1955.

.; Raffa, A. L. and Preston, H. 0, U.S. vulnerabilities as portrayed in the East German film. "Pilots in Pa .lama s1'"! The Monroe Corporation, Annandale, Virginia: July, 1968. (DDC #0SR-68-l623). Air Force Office of Scientific Reaearch- SRLB. Unclassified.

Murray, J. C. "Singing is for the birds." Army Combat Forces. 6 (1955), 15-21.

Philippines, Dept. of National Defense. The case for the Philippine Army (USAFFE) veterans. Manila: Bureau of Printing, 1946.

Pinto, 0. Friend or foe» New York; Putnams, 1953.

"POW collaboration charges exploded." Army. Navy. Air Force Register. 81 (I960), 9-10.

"POWs and the vets." Commonweal.. June 1, 1973, PP. 307-9.

Zander, Herman J. and Biderman, Albert D. Air Force Testimony on "Communist interrogation, indoctrination and exploitation of American military and civilian prisoners." Hearing before the Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations Committee on Government Operations. United States Senate. June. 1956. U.S. Gov't. Print. Off., Washington, D.C., 1956, 140-154; 202-210.

^■'«, •■zKurm'

-17-

Sander, Herman J. and Blderman, Albert D. "Briefing of the Defense Advisory Committee on prisoners of war by the Air Research and Development Command." Committee Documentation of the Secretary of Defense's Advisory Committee on prisoners of war. Washlncton, D.C.: Dept, of Defense, July, 1955.

(Uncl. Title). Recommendations of USAF prisoners of war on resisting enemy interrogation. Office for Social Science Programs, Air Force Personnel and Training Research Center, Randolph Air Force Base, Texas, 1957. (In press, as APPTRC development report.)

Segal, J. Factors related to the collaboration and resistance behavior of U.S. Army PWs In Korea. Washington; Human Engineering Research Office, 1956«

Shapiro, Seymour. Brainwashing! a partial bibliography. Washington, The American University, CRESS, October, 1950.

Toppe, Alfred. German methods of Interrogating prisoners of war in World War II. Koenigsteln, Historical Division, European Command, 1949.

U.S. Army. Western Defense Command and Fourth Army. Final report. le West Coast. 1Q42. Washington, U.S. Oov't. Print. Off., 1943. Japanese evacuation from the

U.S. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services. Problems of i, 9lBt

Communist Propaganda among prisoners of war In Korea fSave our Sons Committee): Hearings before the Committee on Un-American Activities, House of Representatives 84th Cong., 2nd seas., June 18-19, 1956. Washington, D.C. USOPO, 1956.

U.S. Defense Advisory Committee on Prisoners of War. POW. the fight continues after the battle. Washington: U.S. Oov't. Print. Off., 1955.

U.S. Dept. of the Array. Pamphlet 20-151. Lectures of the Qeneva Convention of iq4q. April 28, 1958.

. Pamphlet 27-1. Treaties governing land warfare. Dec. 7* 1956.

. Pamphlet 30-101. Communist interrogation. Indoctrination. and exploitation of prisoners of war. May 15, 1956.

Pamphlet 36O-522. The U.S. fighting man's code. June, 1967

_jfjw Print. Off., 1907.

risoners of war and their families. Hearings, 91st Cong., 2nd sess., March 6, 1970.

. Committee on Foreign Affairs. American prlaonera of | war in Southeast Asia. 1971. Hearings, 92nd Cong., Ist sess., Part I - March, April 1971. Part II - June, Aug., Sept. 1971.

Committee on Un-American Activities. Inveatigatior

Prisoners of war; troop topics. Washington; U.S. Oov't.

-18-

U.S. Dept. of the Army. Regulation 633-50. Apprenenslon and confinement; prisoners of war, administration, employment. and conpensatlon. August 8, 1963.

U.S. Dept. of Lefense. Cffict of i'ubllc Infonaatlon. Captured Armed Forces peraonnel returned to military control. Aug. 6- Sept. 7. 1953. V.'ashlngton, 1953.

. Office of Public information. Captured sick and wounded returned to military control in Korea, Apr. 19-26, 1953« Washington, 19b3.

U.S. Dept. of State. "Soviet delay in repatriating German prisoners of war." Washington: Bulletin 577-386-402, 1950.

U.S. Provost-Marshal General. American civilian internees.formerly detained by the German government. 19^5' ~

Civilian enemy aliens and prisoners of war, tentative „ _ ^fs < Internee regulations. Washington, 19^2.

__. Code book. American civilian internees. 19^4.

U.S. War Dept. Regulations governing prisoners of war. Tts Prisoner of War circulars).

Vetter, Hal. Meeting on Ko.1e Island. Rutland, Vt.: Tuttle, 1965.

Vlzzard, W. R. Prisoner of war policy in relation to changing concepts of war. Berkeley: Univ. of California, 196I.

Welntraub, S. The war In the wards: Korea's unknown battle in a prisoner-of-war hospital camp. Garden City, N.Y.; Double- day, 1964.

Williamson, C. E. Name, rank and serial number. Carlisle Barrac'.; 1956.

Wolff, H. 0. "Every man has his breaking point." Mil. med.. 2 (i960), 85-104, Same as: "Commitment and resistance." Special reports of Study SR 177-D. Edited by A. D. Biderman and H. Zimmer. Washington, D.O.: Bureau of Soc.Sci, Res., 1959.

Wunneberg, W. "Psychologische Beobachtungenvin einem Kriegsgefang- enenlager." Studium Generale. 3 (1950), 21-31.

Zimmer, H. and Meltzer, M.L. An annotated bibliography of literature relevant to the Interrogation process. Washington: George- town Univ. Med. Center, 1957.

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\

D. BEHAVIORAL

Atel, T. "The sociology of concentration camps." Soc. forces. 30 (1951), 150-155.

Adler, H. Q. "Ideas toward a sociology of the concentration camp." Amer. J. sociol.. 63 (1958), 513-522.

Theresienstadt. 1941-45; das Antlitz einer Zwangs- gemeinschaft. Geschichte. Soclologie. Psychologie, Tübingen: J. C. B. Mohr, 1955.

Allinsmith, W. "in preparation." Mentioned in Nebraska Symposium I on motivation. Lincoln: Univer. of Nebraska Press, 1956*

155-156.

Allport, 0. W., et, ai. "Personality under social catastrophe." Charact. & Pers.. 10 (1941), 1-8. Reprinted in C. Kluckholn, Personality in nature, society, and culture. New York: Knopf, 194Ö.

Ansbacher, H. L. "Attitudes of German prisoners of war: a study of the dynamics of National Socialistic followershlp." Psychol. monogr.. 62 (1948), 42.

Arntzen, F. I. "Psychological observations of prisoners of war." Amer. .1. psvchiat.. 104 (1948), 446-44?.

Asch, S. Social psychology. New York: Prentice-Hall, 1952.

Back, K. W. "Influence through social communication." J. abnorm. soc. psychol.. 46 (1951), 9-23.

"The well-informed informant." Human Organization. January, 1956, pp. 28-32.

Bachet, M. "Persistent hallucinatory phenomena of captivity psychoses." Bull, med.. (Paris), 59 (Aug. 21, 1945), 247-253.

Bakis, E. "D. P. apathy." In H. B. M. Murphy, et li. Flight and resettlement. Paris: UNESCO, (1955), 76-öff.

Barag, 0. "Belated reactions in former concentration camp inmates." Harefuah. 50 (1956), 228-229.

Barnett, A. D. Hsueh Hsi. weapon of ideological revolution in China. New York: Amer. Univer. Field Staff, 1954.

-19-

-20-

Bauer, Alice. A guide for Interviewing Soviet escapees. (HRRI Research Study No. 3). Alabama: Human Resources Research Institute, Maxwell Air Force Base, 1953.

Bauer, R. A. Arrest In the Soviet Union. (HRRI Research Memo- randum No. 30.) Alabama: Human Resources Research Institute, Maxwell Air Force Base, 1955-

"Brainwashing: psychology or demonology?" J. soc. Issues. Vol. 13, No. 3 (1957), 41-47.

.., and Schein, ii. H. "introduction to special issue on "rainwashing1. J. soc. Issues. Vol. 13, No. 3 (1957), 3-^. •brai

Beeck, M. "Zur Psychologie des Kriegsgefangenen." ("On the psychology of the prisoner of war.") Nervenarzt. 19 (1948), 136-140.

Bettelheim, B. "Dynamism and anti-Semitism in Qentile and Jew." J. abnorm, soc. psvchol.. 42 (19^7), 156-159.

"individual and mass behavior in extreme situations." J. abnorm, soc. psvchol.. 38 (191»3), 417-452.

Bexton, W. H. "Some effects of perceptual Isolation on human subjects." Unpublished doctoral dissertation, McOill Univ., 1953.

Blderman, A. D. "Basic policy considerations and research objectives on Communist exploitation of USAF POW in Korea." Intelligence Res. Division, Officer Educ. Res. Lab., Air Force Personnel & Training Res. Center, Air Res. Develpm. Command, July, 1954. (Unpublished, multilithed.)

. Cultural models on captivity relationships. AF0SR-452. Washington, D.C.: Air Force Office of Scientific Research, February, 1961.

. "Communist attempts to elicit false confessions from Air Force prisoners of war." Bull. N.Y. Acad. Med.. 33 (1957), 616-625.

. "Effects of Communist indoctrination attempts: some comments based on an Air Force prisoner-of-war study." Soc. Prob.. 6 (1959), 304-313.

. March to calumny, the story of American POWs in the Korean War. New York; Macmlllan, 1963.

. "Social psychological needs and 'involuntary' behavior as illustrated by compliance in interrogation." Soclometry. 23 (June, I960), 120-147.

./

'"^^xWQKM"**'"''-''''' "^'^''' ■ "^" flMIBWaWBMnMd

-21-

. "Why did they resist?" Air Res. Develpm. Command, Task 7731^, n.d. Unpublished report.

., Herman, L. M., & Howard, H. "Reading materials in Chinese Communist Indoctrination attempts against American prisoners of war." Lib, quart.. Vol. 28, No. 3 (1958), 187-193.

., & Monroe, J. L. "Reactions to the Korean POW episode." A paper read at the annual convention of the Amer. Psychol. Ass., Washington, D. C, Sept. 1958.

___., & Zimmer, H., eds. New York: Wiley, 1961.

The manipulation of human behavior.

. (Uncl. title) Ma.lor Implications derived from a study of the experiences of USAF POW in Korea, PERL Laboratory Note 56-2. Alabama: Officer Education Research Laboratory, Air Force Personnel and Training Research Center, Maxwell Air Force Base, 1956. CONFIDENTIAL.

., & Zimmer, H., eds. Special and technical reports of pro.lect SR 177-D. Washington, D.C.: Bureau of Soc. 3ci. Res., 1959.

., and Zimmer, H. (Uncl. title) Treatment and Indoctrin- ation of USAF Prisoners by the Viet Minh. OERL Tech. Memo No. 54-1. Alabama: Officer Education Research Laboratory, Air Force Personnel and Training Research Center, Maxwell Air Force Base, 1954. SECRET.

Bing, R., & Vischer, A. L. "Some remarks on the psychology of internment, based on the observations of prisoners of war in Switzerland." Lancet. 196 (1919), 696-697.

Blake, R. R.j Berkowltz, H.; Bellamy, R.: & Mouton, Jane S, "Volunteering as an avoidance act. J. abnorm, soc. psvchol.. 53 (1956), 154-157.

.; Helson, H.; & Mouton, Jane S. "Generality of conforming behavior as a function of factual anchorage and difficulty of task, and amount of social pressure." In R. R. Blake & H. Helson, eds. Adaptlblllty screening of flying personnel; situational and personal factors in conforming behavior. USAF, Sch. Aviat. Med., Report No. 56-86, Sept. 1956.

Bloch, H. A. "The personality of Inmates of concentration camps." Amer. .1. sociol.. 52 (19H6-47), 335-341.

Boder, D. P. "The Impact of catastrophe. I. Assessment and evaluation." J. psvchol.. 38 (1954), 3-50.

Bradbury, William. Mass behavior in battle and captivity; the Communist soldier in the Korean War. Chicago: Univ. of

Chicago Press, i960.

^i-

<* ^ '''-■•-.-„.

-22-

^rown, J, S,, & Jacobs, A. "Fear In motivation and acquisition," J. exp. psychol.. 39 (19^9), 7^7-759.

Drzenzinski, Z. "Totalitarianism and rationality." Amer. polit. aci. rev.. 3 (1956), 757-763.

Bureau of Social Science Research. Death as a criterion in the study of extreme captivity situations. Washington. 1Q61.

. The relevance for the social sciences of knowledge derived ü- from studies of stressful captivity. Washington, 19

Cass, Loretta K. "Parent-child relationships and delinquency." J. abnorm, soc. psychol.. h'J (1952), 101-104.

Cazeneuve, J. Essai sur la psychologic du prisonnier de guerre. ("Essay on the psychology of prisoners of war^ . Paris: Pr. unlver., 1944.

Chen, T. H. Thought reform of the Chinese Intellectuals. New York: Oxford, 1961.

Cohen, A. R. "The effects of individual and situatlonal structure on threat-oriented reactions to power." Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Michigan, 1953.

Cohen, E. A. Human behavior in the concentration camp. New York: Norton, 1953.

Cressy, D. L., & Krassowski, W. "inmate organization and anomie in American prisons and Soviet labor camps." Soc. prob.. 5. (1958-58), 217-230.

Dibner, A. S. "The relationship between ambiguity and anxiety in a clinical interview." Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University of Michigan, 1954.

Dittes, J. E., & Kelley, H. H. "Effects of different conditions of acceptance upon conformity to group norms." J. abnorm, soc. psychol.. 53 (1956), 100-107.

Draper, T. "Psychology of surrender." Infantry .1.. Vol. 35, No. 3. (1945), 21-27.

Färber, I. E.; Harlow, H. F.; & West, L. J. "Brainwashing, conditioning and DDD (debility, dependency and dread)." Soclometrv. 20 (1957), 271-285.

Färber, M. L. "imprisonment as a psychological situation." Un- published doctoral dissertation. State Unlver. of Iowa, 19^0.

Pensterhelm, H., & Birch, k. G. "A case of group Ideology and individual adjustment." J. abnorm, soc. psychol.. 45 (1950), 710-716.

^ » v. ^ • ... .... ... - -'1 *■

-23- Festlnger, Z. "informal social communication." Psychol. rev..

57 (1950), 271-282.

Frank, J. D. "Experimental studies of personal pressure and resistance." J. sen, psychol.. 30 (19^), 23-64.

French, J. R. P., Jr. Experiments in leadership in small groups. AFPTRC, TN-55-1, Jan. 1955.

Friedman, P. "Some aspects of concentration camp psychology." Amer. .1. psychiat.. 105 (19^9), 601-605.

Gewlrtz, J. L. & Baer, D. M. "The effect of brief social deprivation on a social relnforcer." Unpublished manuscript, University of Chicago, 1956.

Gllkey, Langdon Brown. Shantung compound! the storv of men and women under pressure. New York: Harper and Row, 1966.

Gllksman, J. G. "Social prophylaxis as a form of Soviet terror." In C. J. Friedrich, ed. Totalitarianism. Cambridge: Harvard Unlver. Pr., 195^.

Goffman, E. "Aspects of total institutions." Paper delivered at Research Seminar, Georgetown Unlver. Med. Cen., April, 1957•

Goldstein, J., & Strauss, H. "Changes in recall salience of concentration camp experience; a case study." New Sch. for Soc. Res., Project MH-213. Mimeographed.

Greenson, R. R. "The psychology of apathy." Psychoanalvt. quart.. 18 (19^9), 290-302.

Group for the Advancement of Psychiatry. Factors used to increase the susceptibility of individuals to forceful indoctrination: observations and experiments. New York: GAP Publications Office, Dec, 1956. GAPSympos. No. 3»

Methods of forceful indoctrination! observations and Interviews. New York: GAP Publications Office, July, 1957. GAP Sympos. No. 4.

"Hanoi's pavlovlans; apparent attempts to brainwash U.S. prisoners held in the North." Time. April 14, 1967, pp. 33-34.

Harlng, J. "Preface to special issue on 'bralnwaBhlng*." J. soc. issues. Vol. 13, No. 3 (1957), 1-2.

Harvard University. Russian Research Center. Prisoner of war camps In Russia: the account of a German prisoner of war In Russia. Cambridge, 1951.

Henderson, B. A> "Communist Indoctrination methods." Mil, rev.. Vol. 35, No. 8 (1955), 27-38.

\.

-24-

Hesseltlne, V-. 13. Civil Vvar prisons; a study In war psychology. Colurrbus: Ohio State Univer. Pr., 1930.

Hlnkle, L. E., Jr. "The physiologic state of the Interrogation subject as It affects brain function." Technical Report of Study 3R 177-D. Kdited by A. D. Biderman & H. Zimmer. Washington, D.O.: Bureau of Soo. Sei. Res., 1959.

., and Wolff, H. G. "Communist interrogation and indoctrination of 'Enemies of the State'." Analysis of methods used by the Communist state police. (Special report). A.M.A. arch, neurol. psychiat.. 76 (1956), 115-174.

Hoffman, M. "Some psychodynamic factors in compulsive conformity." J. abnorm, soc. psychol.. 48 (1953), 383-393.

Holt, R. R. "'Brainwaahlng' and its implications for mental health." New York University, Res. Center for Ment. Health, unpublished.

Horowitz, M. W. "The psychology of confession." J. crim. law. Criminol. & police sei.. 47 (1956), 197-204.

Hovland, C, & Weiss, W. "The influence of source credibility on communication effectiveness." Publ. Qpln. Quart.. 15 (1952), 635-650.

Hultgren, H. P. "Prisoners of war; clinical and laboratory observations in severe starvation." Stanford med. bull.. 9 (1951), 175-191.

Hunter, E. Brainwashing in Red China. New York: Vanguard, 1953«

Inkeles, A. Public opinion in Soviet Russia. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Univer. Pr., 1950.

Intelligence Research Division, Officer Education Research Laboratory, (Uncl. title) Interim Report for Commander, Air University on Communist Exploitation of USAF POW in Korea, edited by H. J. Sander and A. D. Biderman; Officer Education Research Laboratory, Air Force Personnel and Training Research Center, Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama, 1954. SECRET.

Jackman, N. R. Collective protest in relocation centers. Berkeley; Univer. Calif. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, 1955«

. "Survival in the concentration camp." Hum. Or^an.. Vol. 17, No. 2, (1958), 23-26.

Janls, I. L. Are the Comlnform countries using hypnotic techniques to elicit confessions in public Hand Corp., April 25, 1949, RM to elicit confessions in public trials? Santa Monica, Calif, _ r_^_ -^ 161.

_>. "Personality correlates of susceptibility to persuasion." J. per.. 22 (1954), 504-518.

-25-

Johnson, C, R. "Prisoner of war." Unlver. of Sth. Calif, see, scl. series. 22 (19^1).

Jordan, H. "You too would confess." Argosy. February, 1957» PP- 15-17» 57-63.

Kagan, J., & Müssen, P. "Dependency themes on the TAT and group conformity." J. consult. PsychoL. 20 (1956), 29-32.

Kelman, H, C. "Three processes of acceptance of social influence: compliance. Identification, and internalizatlon.'1 Paper read at the Amer. Psychol. Ass. meetings, Chicago, 111., 1956.

Kennedy, A. "The scientific lessons of interrogation." Proceedings of the Roy. Inst. of Gr. Brit.. 170 (i960), 93-113.

Klausner, S. "Differences in modes of Inferences of psychologists and sociologists." Ardenhouse Conference of the Academy of Religion and Mental Health. Paper presented December, 1961,

Körner, I. "Psychological needs of the individual dissolving in the mass and possibilities of clinical help." J. soc. psychol.. 16 (19^2), 143-149.

Lamott, K. "Memoirs of a brainwasher." Harpers Magazine. June, 1956, PP. 73-76.

Landfield, A. W. "A movement interpretation of threat." J. abnorm. soc. psychol.. 49 (195^). 529-532.

Laskin, Eva. "Several methods of preparing Individuals to resist social pressure to conform. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Yale Unlver., 1955.

Levlero, A. H. "For the brainwashed: pity or punishment?" New York Times Mag.. August 14, 1955» P. 12.

Lewin, K. "Time perspective and morale." Civilian morale. Edited by 0. Watson. Boston; Houghton Mifflin, 1942.

Lifton, R. J. Chinese Communist thought reform, the assault upon identity and belief. Washington, D.C.: Walter Reed Army Inst. of Res., Walter Reed Army Med. Center, May 1956, WRAIR- 110-156.

. "Chinese Communist 'thought reform"; confession and re- education of western civilians." Bull. N.Y. Acad. Med.. 33 (1957), 626-644.

. "Home by ship; reaction patterns of American prisoners of war repatriated from North Korea." Amer. .1. psvchlat.. 110 (1954), 732-739.

... •: ^^3*

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"Psychiatrlc aspecto of thought reform." In Group for the Advancement of Psychiatry, Methods of forceful Indoc- trination; observations and Interviews» New York; GAP Publications Office, July, 1957, GAP Sympos. No. k, 234-2^9.

_. Thought reform. New York; Norton, i960.

_. "Thought reform of Chinese Intellectuals, a psychiatric evaluation." J. Asian stud.. Vol. 16, No. 1, (1956), 75-88; J. soc. Issues. Vol. 13, No. 3 (195J), 5-20.

"Thought reform of Western civilians In Chinese Communist prisons." Psvchlat.. 19 (1956), 173-195.

Lilly, J. C. "illustrative strategies for research on psychopathology In mental health." In Group for the Advancement of Psychiatry. New York; GAP Publications Office, 1956. GAP Sympos. No. 2, 13-20.

Lunden, W. A. "Captivity psychosis among prisoners of war." J. crlm. law, crlmlnol.. & police scl. 39 (19^9), 721-733-

McGranahan, D. V. and Janowltz, M. "Studies of German Youth." J. abnormal soc. psvchol.. 41 (19^6), 3-1^.

MacKinnon, D. W. "Violation of prohibitions." Explorations In perso Press personality. Edited by H. Murray. New York; Oxford Univ.

, 1938.

Mayer, A. G. and Hoult, T. P. "Social stratification and combat survival." Soc. forces. 34 (1955), 155-159.

Meerloo, J. A. M. "Brainwashing and menticide." Identity and anxiety. Stein, Vidlch, & White. Glencoe, 111.; Free Press, i95ot

. Conversation and communication. New York; Internat. Unlver. Pr., 1952.

"The psychology of treason and loyalty." Amer. .1. psychology o , 648- ther., 8 (195^), 648-666.

. "La signification du brainwashing et du menticide en Psychiatrie." Med. & Hygiene. (Geneva), 15 (1957). 377«

. "Thought control and confession compulsion," Explorations In psychoanalysis. Edited by R. M. Lindner. New York; Julian, 1953.

Meltzer, Malcolm L. Power and resistance in interrogation. George- town U. Med. Center, I960.

. "Solitary confinement." In Group for the Advancement of psychiatry. Factors used to Increase the susceptibility of individuals to forceful indoctrination; observations and experiments. New York; GAP Publications Office, Dec. 1956. GAP Sympos. No. 3., 96-103.

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Meyers, S. M. The role of traditional orientations toward social relations In Chinese responses to Communist military-political control. Washington, D.C.: HumREO, Geo. Wash. Unlver., Nov. 1958.

_., and Bradbury, W. C. The political behavior of Korean and Chinese prisoners of war In the Korean conflict; a historical analysis. Washington, D.C.: HumRRO, Geo. Wash. Unlvec, 195Ö.

Miller, J. G. "Brainwashing: present and future." J. soc. Issues. Vol. 13, No. 3 (1957), 48-55-

Moloney, J. C. "Psychic self-abandon and extortion of confessions," Int. .1. psvchoanal.. 36 (1955), 53-60.

Monroe, J. L Review of In every war but one, by E. Klnkead. Air Force. June, 1959.

I-iov.rer, 0. H., & Ullman, A. D. "Time as a determinant in integratlve learning." Psvchol. rev.. 52 (19^5)* 61-90.

., and Vlek, P. "An experimental analogue of fear from a sense of helplessness." J. abnorm, soc. psvchol.. 43 (1948), 193-200.

Murphy, H. B. M. The mental health of refugees and transplanted people. London: World Fed. Ment. Hlth., 1951.

Nardlni, J. E. "Survival factors in American prisoners of war of Japanese." Amer. .1. psvchiat.. 109 (1952), 241-248.

Neurath, P. M. "Social life in the German concentration camps Dachau and Buchenwald." Unpublished doctoral thesis, Columbia Unlver., 1952.

Newman, P. H. "The prisoner of war mentality: its effect after repatriation." Brit, med. .1.. 1 (1944), 8-10.

Niremberskl, M. "Psychological investigation of a group of internees at Belsen camp." J. ment. sei.. 92 (1946), bO-74. ________ ^l

Palmer, C. B. "War for the POWs mind." New York Times Mag.. Sept. 13, 1953, P. 13.

Pepitone, A., & Kleiner, R. "The effects of threat and frustration on group cohesiveness." J. abnorm, soc. psvchol..^4(1957).

192-199.

Peterson, D. B. "Prisoners swayed—didn't fall: Communists 'sold' very few, says top army psychiatrist." U.S. News & World Rep.. August 28, 1953, P. 28.

Piers, 0., & Singer, M. B. Shame and guilt. Springfield, 111.: Charles C. Thomas, 1953.

\

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Rado, S. "Emergency behavior." In Psychoanalysis and behavior; collected papers. New York: Grune & Stratton, 1956.

Raven, B. "The effects of group pressures upon opinion, perception, and communication." Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University of Michigan, 1953.

Riesman, D. "Some observations on the limits of totalitarian power." Antloch Rev.. 12 (1952), 155-168.

Rose, A. M. "The social psychology of desertion from combat." Amer. BOC. rev.. 16 (1951), 614-629.

Schein, E. H. "Brainwashing." Encyclopedia Brlttanlca. i960. Vol. IV.

"Brainwashing and totalitarianism In modern society." World Politics. 2 (1959), 430-443.

. "The Chinese Indoctrination program for prisoners of war; a study of attempted 'brainwashing'." Psychlat.. 19 (1956), 149-172.

. Coercive persuasion. New York; Norton, i960.

. "Epilogue, something new In history?" J. soc. Issues. Vol. 13, No. 3 (1957), 56-60.

"Interp. Influence

rp.rsonal communication, group solidarity, and social .'• Soclometry. 23 (June, i960), 148-161.

"Patterns of reactions to severe chronic stress In American Army prisoners of war of the Chinese." In Group for the Advancement of Psychiatry. Methods of forceful Indoc- trination; observations and Interviews. New York: GAP Publications Office, July, 195 . GAP Symnos. No. 4, 253-269.

. "Reaction patterns to severe, chronic stress In American Army prisoners of war of the Chinese." J. soc. Issues. Vol. 13, No. 3 (195 ), 21-30.

. "Some observations on Chinese methods of handling prisoners of war." Publ. ooin. quart.. 20 (1956), 321-327.

. Some observations on the Chinese Indoctrination program for prisoners of war. Washington, D.C.: Army Med. Serv. Graduate Sch., Walter Reed Army Med. Center, Oct. 1955, AMSGS-3.1-55.

, Cooley, W. E., & Singer, M. T. A psychological follow-up of former prisoners of war of the Chinese Communists. Part I. Canbridge, ~!ass.; Mass. Inst. Tech., March, I960.

__, & Singer, M. T. "Projectlve test responses of prisoners of war following repatriation." Psychlat.. 21 (1958), 375-385.

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, Hill, W. F., Williams, H. L., 8: Lubin, A. "Distinguishing characteristics of collaborators and resisters among American prisoners of war." J. abnorm. 30c. ps^cnol.. 55 (1957)» 197-201.

Segal, ü. "Medical psychological observations in the time of disaster." Hisena Ruhanit. 5 {19*5-^), 103-108.

Segal, J. "Correlates of collaboration and resistance behavior among U.S. Army POWs in Korea." J. soc. issues. Vol. 13, No, 3 (1957), 31-^0.

. Factors related to the collaboration and resistance behavior of U.S. Army PVJs In Korea. Washington, D.C.: Hum. Resources Res. Off. Tech. Rpt. No. 33, Dec. 1956.

Scidmen, D., Benson, S., Miller, I., & Meeland, T. "influence of a partner on tolerance for a self-administered electric shock." J. abnorm, soc. psvchol.. 54 (1957), 210-212.

Sinha, A. K. P. "Experimental induction of anxiety by conditions of uncertainty." Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University of Michigan, 1950.

Stern, H. "The aftermath of Belsen." Edited by B. M. Murphy, Flieht and resettlement. Paris; UNESCO, 1955.

Strassman, H. D., Thaler, Margaret B., & Schein, E. H. "A prisoner of war syndrome: apathy as a reaction to severe stress." Amer. .1. psvchiat.. 112 (1956), 998-1003.

Thompsm, Clara, "identification with the enemy and loss of the sense of the self." Psychoanalyt. quart.. 8 (19^0), 15-21.

Trimble, E. G. "Prisoners of war." Encyclopedia of the social sciences. Edited by E. R. A. Sellgman & A. Johnson. New York: Macmlllan, 12 (1937), 419-421.

Tronchin-James, R.N. "Disordered society." Brit, med. .1.. 2 (1950), I 776-780.

Tucker, R. "Stalin and the uses of psychology." World Politics. 8 (1956), 455-483.

Vlscher, A. L. Barbed wire disease! a psychological study of the prisoner of war. London; John Bale, Sons, and Danlelsson, 1919«

Wallace, A. P. C. Human behavior In extreme situations. Washington, D.C.; Nat'l. Acad. Scl., Nat'l. Res. Coun., Publ. No, 390,1956.

West, L. J. "Psychiatric aspects of training for honorable survival as a prisoner of war." Amer. .1. psychlat.. 115 (1958), 329-336.

.. "United States Air Force prisoners of the Chinese Communists." In Group for the Advancement of Psychiatry, Methods of foyceful indoctrination; observations and Interviews. New York; MP Publications Office, July, 1957, GAP Symoos. No. 4, 270-284.

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West, L. J., Biderman, A. D., & Färber, I. I. "Air Force prisoners of the Chinese Communists." Presented to the Aero-Medical Association, Denver, Colorado, May 6-8, 1957.

"Why they confess." Hews v. 3 ek. April 17, 1967, P. 70.

Winokur, G. "Drainwashlng--a social pheaomenor: of our time." Hu!.. Organ.. Vol. 13, Ho. h (1955), 16-1Ö.

Younc, E. F. "Environmental stress and personal adjustment." Sue. c: see, res.. 3^ 1-950), 91->J.

Zander, A., L Cohen, A. R. "Attributed social power and group acceptance." J. abnorn. see, psychol.. in press.

Zii.-.mer, Herbert. (Uncl. Title). The effects of Communist captivity on U.S. fl:/ing personnel; Officer Education Research Lab- oratory, Air Force Personnel and Training Research Center, Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama, 1955- (OEKL Tech. Memo No.

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. "Prediction by means of two projective tests of personality evaluations made by peers." Journal of clinical psychology. 11 (1955), 352-356.

E. JOURNALISTIC

ArmbrIster, Trevor. A matter of accountability; the true story of the Pueblo affair. Coward-McCann, 1970.

"Battle of the POWs." Newsweek. October 9, 1972, pp. 24-28.

"Beat of life." Life. August 4, 1972, pp. 4-3.

"Black POWs return." Ebony. June, 1973, pp. 96-8.

Boder, D. P. I did not Interview the dead. Urbana, 111.; Univ.

Broom, L., & Kltsuse, J. I. The managed casualty; the Japanese- American family in World War II. Berkeley: Univer. Calif. Pr., 1956.

Burchett, Wilfred G. Ko.le unscreened. London: Britain-China Friendship Assoc, 1953.

Burney, Christopher. The dungeon democracy. New York: Duell, Sloan and Pearce, 1946,

Casella, A. "Politics of POWs." N.Y. Times Magazine. May 28, 1972, p. 9-

Chinese People's Committee for World Peace. United Nations POWs in in Korea. Peking, 1953.

Collins, Douglas. P.O.W. New York: Norton, 1968.

Condron, A. M. Thinking soldiers, by men who fought in Korea. Peking: New World Press, 1955.

Crawford, Don. Pueblo intrigue; a .lourney of faith. Wheaton, 111., Tyndale House, 1969.

Crawford, K. "POWs; Norths concern about treatment toward captives in Souths camps." Newsweek. August 15, 1966, p. 32.

Crossman, R. (ed.) The god that failed. New York: Harper, 1949.

Crown, J. H. "Saigon's prisoners." Nation. December l8, 1972, pp. 611-12,

Czapski, Josef. The inhuman hand. New York; Sheed and Ward, 1952.

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The dark aide of the moon. London; Faber and Paber, 1945.

Duke, Florlmond. Name. rankT and serial number. New York: Merldlth Press, 1969.

Eggers, Relnhold. Coldltz; the German side of the story» New York; Norton, 1941.

Fehllug, H. One great prison; the story behind Russia's unreleased POWs. Boston: Beacon Press, 1951.

Free China Committee for aiding antl-communlst Chinese POWs In Korea. How we helped the antl-Communlst Chinese POWs regain freedom. Taiwan, 1954.

Prischauer, Wllll. The Altmark affair. New York: Macmlllan, 1955. (Pub. In England under title; The Navy's here.)

"From euphoria to suicide." (death of £. A. Brudno). Time. June 18, 1973, P. 67.

Gibson, Walter. The boat. Boston; Houghton Mlfflln, 1953.

Gordon, Ernest. Through the valley of the Kwal. New York; Harper, 1962.

"Home at last! the POWs return." Reader's Digest. May, 1973, PP. 9^-99.

"Home at last with portfolio." Newsweek. February 26, 1973, PP» 16-20.

"How Communists tortured an American." U.S. News. September 26, 1966.

"In defense of forgetting the POWs." Harper. October, 1972, p. 55.

"Is this the bottom?" Nation. June 11, 1973, pp. 741-2.

"it's a hard road home." Economist. February 17, 1973, pp. 29-30.

Jones, T. J. "in the shadow of peace." N.Y. Times Magazine. June 10, 1973, P. 15.

Kinkead, Eugene. "Have we let our sons down?" McCall's. January, 1959, PP. 23-81.

. In every war but one. New York; Norton, 1959»

"A reporter at large; the study of something new in history." New Yorker. October 26, 1957, PP. 102-153.

Lafltte, P. The Internment of aliens. New York; Penguin Books, 1940.

Le Brlgant. Les indon.ptables. Paris: Berger-Levrault, 1948.

"Let's find out." (Nlxon-McGovern debate on Hanoi demands for release of POWs). New Republic. January 15, 1972, pp. 8-9.

<* , . .-iv ^ ,. ...... -A

-33- Levie, Howard S. Maltreatment of prisoners of war In Vietnam. Boston,

Boston University Law Review, v. 40, no. 3, Summer, 1968,

McDougall, William H. By Eastern windows. the story of a battle of souls and minds In the prison camps of Sumatra. New York: Scribners, 1949.

Mathews, Robert F. No rice for rebels. London: Bodley Head, 1956.

Mayer, W. E. "Why did so many Q.I. captives cave in?" U.S. News & '.orId Report. February 24, 1956, pp. 56-62.

Mayo, C. VJ. "Destroying American minds—Russians made it a sclenct ." 'j.3. Mews a VJor'jd Report. November 6, 1953, PP. 97-101.

. "The question cf Impartial investigation uf charees of use by United Nations Forces of bacteriological warfare. Statement to the Political Committee, United Nations General Assembly. United Nations General Assembly . United States Delegation Press Release. No. 1786. October 26. 1953. "

Meerloo, J. A. M. The rape of the mind. Cleveland: World Publ. Co., 1956.

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. Total war and the human mind.

Mendes-France, P. The pursuit of freedom. London: Longmans, Green, 1956.

Moreau, R. "Eighteen years old and a POW." Newsweek. April 24, 1972, p. 33.

Pasley, Virginia. 21 stayed; the story of the American G.I.'s who chose Communist China; who they were and why they stayed. New York: Parrar, Straus and Cudahy, 1955»

Peters, W. E. "A man's fight for his reputation." Redbook. April, 1958, pp. 46-47, 89-94.

. "More on our POWs." Reporter. 20 (1959), PP. 38-39.

. "When the Army debunks the Army: a legend of the Korean Wa'r." Encounter. July, 1957, PP. 77-79.

Piper, D. "I am well, who are you?" Esauire. November, 1965, p. 4.

"Plantation Eight." Newsweek. June 11, 1973, p. 24.

"Plantation memories." Time. June 11, 1973, p. 23,

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"POW gambit; three Americans to be freed." Newsweek. September 11, 1972, p. 39.

"POWs; the aftermath." Newsweek. June 18, 1973, p. 8l.

"Re-entry problems." Newsweek. July 31, 1972, p. 25.

Reguly, R. J. "Arctic manoevers; the gimmicks of war." Nation. March 29, 1969, PP. 333-336.

Rogers, Vl. "POW N. Vietnam: are U.S. prisoners mistreated?" Look. July 25, 1967, PP. 53-55.

Schell, 0. "Cage for the innocents: detainees in Chulal Camp," Atlantic. January, 1968, pp. 29-34.

Sklar, B. "America and the POWs." Commonweal. June 1, 1973, pp. 303-3-6.

Strauss, A. Mirrors and masks. Qlencoe, 111.: Free Press, 1959.

Szalet, L. Experiment "E". New York: Dldier, 1945.

"The technique of Soviet interrogation; the world today." Chatham House Rev.. Roy. Inst. Int. Aff., April, 1949.

Thomas, Dorothy S., & Nishimoto, R. S. The spoilage. Berkeley: Unlver. Calif. Pr., 1946.

■s

Van der Post, Laurens. The prisoner and the bomb. New York: Morrow, 1971.

Victor, John A. Time out: American airmen at Stalag Luft I. New York: R. R. Smith, 1951. !

"War prisoners: center of a political fight." U.S. News. August 28, 1972, pp. 20-21.

Weiss, C. "Prisoners and patriots: adventures in the POW trade." Ramparts. June, 1973» PP. 12-15.

White, William L. The captives of Korea; an official white paper on the treatment of war prisoners. New York: Scribners, 1957»

Winninton, Alan. Plain perfidy, the Plot to wreck Korean peace. London: British-China Friendship Assoc, 1954.

y

/ -•

F. PERSONAL EXPERIENCE

Allen, 0. W., & Macgregor, R. G. S. "Experiences In civilian camp at Singapore." Med. .1. Malaya. 2 (19^7), 1-9.

Aston, W, H. Nor iron bars a cage; the adventures of three British prisoners of war. 1940-1942. London: Macmillan, 1946.

Bauer, Josef M. As far as my feet will carry me. New York; Ran- dom House, 1957'

Becker, H. Devil on my shoulder. London: Jarrolds, 1956.

Bertram, J. M. Beneath the shadow; a New Zealander in the Far East. 1939-^6.

Bettelheim, B. My life in Nazi concentration camps. Olrard: HaIdeman,"Julius, n.d.

Bohn, Helmut. Die Letzten. Was wurde und was wird aus den deutschen Gefangenen in Sow.1etrussland und den anderen Ostblockstaaten? Markus GMBH, 1954.

Boyington, Gregory. Baa baa, black sheep, by "Pappy" Boyington. New York; Putnam, 195Ö.

Boyle, Martin. Yanks don't cry. New York: Random House, 1963.

Braly, William C. The hard way home. Washington: Infantry Journal, June, 1947.

Brandt, Ed., The last voyage of USS Pueblo. New York: Norton, 1969.

Brlckhall, P. Escape or die; authentic stories of the R.A.F. escaping society. New York: Norton, 1952.

. Escape to danger. London: Faber and Paber, 1946.

. The great escape. London: Faber and Faber, 1951.

Brines, Russell. Until they eat stones. Philadelphia: Llppincott, 1944.

Brown, Robert M. "I solemnly swear": the story of ; GI named Brown. New York: Vantage, 1957.

Brown, W. L. The endless hours, my 2i years as a prisoner of the Chinese Communists." New York: Norton, 1961.

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-36- Bucher, Lloyd M. Bücher; my story. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday,

1970.

Bulock, Roy. Of death but once. Melbourne; Cheslre, 19^7.

Calnan, Thomas D. Free as a running fox. New York; Dial Press, 1970.

Castle, John. The password Is courage. New York; Norton, 1955.

Coyos, C. Ma captlvlt^ en Corle du Nord. ("My captivity in North Korea.") Lettre du Cardinal Fumasoni-Biondi; pr€f. de Paul Mousset. Paris:Qrasset, 195^.

Crawley, Alden. Escape from Germany. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1956.

Crosbie, Philip. March till they die. Dublin: Browne and Nolan, 1955.

. Pencilling prisoner. Melbourne; Hawthorne, 195^.

. Three writers cold. Dublin: Browne and Nolan, 1955«

David, Jonathan, and Rowan, Stephen. "Sixty POWs tell their story." Review of They wouldn't let us die. 1973•

Davles, Stanley. In spite of dungeons; the experiences as a prisoner- of-war in North Korea of the Chaplain to the First Battalion. the Gloucestershire regiment. London; Hodder and Stoughton, 195^

Dean, William F. General Dean's Story. New York; Viking, 195^.

Deane, P. I was a captive In Korea. New York: Morton, 1953.

Dengler, D. "I escaped from a Red prison." Saturday Evening Post. December 3, 1966, pp. 27-33.

Lenny, Harold N. Behind both lines. New York: Viking, 19^2.

Dibold, Hans. Arzt In Stalingrad; Passion einer Gefangenschaft. Salzburg, Mueller, 19^9.

Dornberg, J. "Dreams, the dreams." (German ex-POWs a decade later). Newsweek. November 1, 1965» ?• ^6.

Dowe, R. M. Father Kaoann; the ordeal of Chaplin Kaoann. as told to Harold H. Martin" Notre Dame, Ind.:Ave Maria, 195^•

Drefus-Moreau, J. "Etude structurale de deux cas de n^vrose con- centra tionnalre." (Study of two cases of concentration nerves.) Evolution psychiat.. April-June 1952, 201-220.

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Drlng, Thomaa. Recollections of the Jersey prison ship. New York, Corinth, 19&1.

Dudman, Richard. Forty days with the enemy. New York; Llverlght, 1971.

Dunbar, John. Escape through the Pyrenees. New York; Norton, 1955.

Elnsledel, H. I .joined the Russians; a captured German filer's diary of the Communist temptation. New Haven: Yale Univ. Press, 1953.

Ekart, Anton. Vanished without a trace; the story of seven years In Soviet Russia. London; Parrlsh, 1954.

Ernest, H. W. "Two G.I.s In limbo; Smlth-McClure case." Nation. March 14, 1966, pp. 294-5.

Peuchtwanger, L. The devil In Prance; my encounter with him In the summer of 1940. New York; Viking. 1941.

Plscher, H. E. (as told to Clay Blair, Jr.) "My case as a prisoner was different." Life. 38 (1955), PP. 146-160.

Pujll, T. Singapore assignment. Tokyo; Nippon Times, 1943.

"Guests of the V.C.; escape of W. W. Eckes and J. Dodson." Newsweek. July 11, 1966, pp. 36-37.

Gllnes, Carroll V. Four came home. Princeton, N.J.: Van Nostrand, 1966.

Ooldhleux, C. Fifteen months as a prisoner of the Vlets. Paris: R. Julllard, 1953.

Goodwin, Ralph. Hong|cong escape. London: Barker, 1953.

Goss, Warren L. The soldier's story of his captivity at Anderson- vllle. Belle Isle, and other rebel prisons. Boston: Rlch- ardson, 1972.

Gunnlson, Royal A. So sorry, no peace. New York; Viking, 1944.

Harding, Geoffrey. Escape fever. London; Hamilton, 1932.

Harrocks, Sir Brian. Escape to action. New York: St, Martin's Press, 1961.

Hess, Use. Prisoner of peace. Translated from the German of Ilse Hess, "England-Nurnberg-Spandau," by Meyrlck Booth. London: Britons Pub. Co., 1954.

Joffe, C. We were free. New York: Smith and Durrell, 1943.

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Jones, W. A. Prisoner of the "Kormoran"; W. A. Jones' amazing experiences on the Qerman raider. "Kormoran", and as a prisoner of war In Germany. London: G. 0. Harrap, 1945.

Kogan, E. The theory and practice of hell. New York; Parrar, Straus, 1950.

Keith, Agnes. Three came home. Boston: Little, Brown, 1947.

Krasnov, N. The hidden Russia! my ten years as a slave laborer. New Yorkii Holt, i960.

Lankford, D. I defy: the story of a Lieutenant Dennis Lankford. presented by A. Noyes Thomas. London:Wlngate, 1954.

Legendre, 0. S. The sands ceased to run. New York: Wllllam- Frederlck, 1947.

Levering, Robert W. Horror trek: a true story of Bataan. the death march and three and one-half years In Japanese prison camps. Dayton, Ohio: Horstman, 1948.

"Life as a war prlooner.'1 (three first-hand reports). U.S. News. October 16, 1972, pp. 66-67.

Maclean, Pltzroy. Escape to adventure. Boston: Little, Brown, 1951.

McCormac, Charles. You'll die In Singapore. London: Hale, 1954.

McCoy, Melvyn H. Ten escape from To.1o. New York: Parrar and Rlne- hart, 1944.

McCracken, Alan R. Very soon now. Joe. New York: Hobson, 1947.

Magener, R. Prisoner's bluff. New York: Dutton, 1955.

Mellnlk, Stephen Michael. Philippine dlarv. lQ^q-lQ4s. New York: Van Nostrand Relnhold Co., 1969.

Millar, Q. R. Horned pigeon. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1946.

Millar, Ward M. Valley of the shadow. New York: McKay, 1955.

Molzahn, Kurt Emll Bruno. Prisoner of war. Philadelphia: Muhlenberg Press, 1962.

Myers, Bessy. Captured. my experiences as an ambulance driver and as a prisoner of the Nazis. New York:Appleton-Century, 1942.

Murphy, Edward R. Second In command; the uncensored account of the capture of the spy ship Pueblo. New York: Holt, Rlnehart and Winston, 1971.

Nansen, Odd. Prom day to day. New York: Putnam's, 1949«

•i ^v'1«*^'

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Neave, Alrey. They have their exits. Boston; Little, Brown, 1953«

Nolan, Llam. Small man of Nanatakl; the true story of a Japanese who risked his life to provide comfort for his enemies. New York! Dutton, 1966.

O'Leary, Cedrlc. A shamrock up a bamboo tree; the story of eight years behind the B-ball In Shanghai. 1Q41-1919INew York: Exposition Press, 1956• """

Pate, L. W. Reactionary. New York: Harper, 1956.

Pavlllar, Stanley S. Bamboo doctor. New York: St. Martins, i960.

Fether, G. C. "Returned prisoner of war." Lancet. 1 {19^5), 571-572.

Philpot, Oliver L. Stolen .journey. New York: Dutton, 1952.

Plichet, A. "Return of Ulysses." Presse med.. 5^ (19^6), 113.

Posse, Amelle. Sardinian sideshow. New York: Dutton, 1933«

Prlestwood, Gwen. Through Japanese barbed wire. New York: London, D. Appleton-Century Co., Inc., 19^3.

Prciulx, Benjamin A. Underground from Hongkong. New York: Dutton, 1943.

Rlvett, Rohan. Behind bamboo, an Inside story of the Japanese prison camps. Sydney, Angus and Robertson, 1946. ""

Rowe, James N. Five years to freedom. Boston: Little, Brown, 1971«

Five years to freedom. Readers Digest. January, 1972, pp. 177-180.

Sakamaki, K. I attacked Pearl Harbor. New York: Association Press, 19^9.

Schumacher, Frederick. Bridge of no return: the ordeal of the U.S.S. Pueblo. New York!Harcourt, Brace, Javanovlch, 1970.

Schwäble, P. H. ''Statement of Colonel Schwäble." Army. Navy. Air Force Register. 75 (February 27), 3-5.

Shall brothers be...an account written by American and British prlsonera of their treatment In POW camps In Korea. Peking: Chinese People's Committee for World Peace and Against American Aggression, 1952.

Shlber, Etta. Paris — Underground. New York: Scribners, 1943.

Smith, George E. POW: two years with the Vietcong. Berkeley: Ramparts Press, 1971.

i *&$*

-40-

Smlth, Sidney. Mission escape. New York: McKay, 1969.

"Snakes and the angel; D. Dengler escapes." Time. September 23, 1966, p. 32.

Stewart, Sidney. Give us this day. New York; Norton, 1957.

Stolley, R. B. Stolley. "Fight to make the Vletcong let him go; case of G, C. Hertz." Life. July 21, 1967, pp. 22-29.

Stypulkowskl, Z. Invitation to Moscow. London: Thames and Hudson, I 1951. -

Svoronos-Olgantes, 0. I was a captive In Korea. New York; Norton, 1953.

"Tale of two prisoners, Dodson and Eckes." Time. July 8, 1966, p. 27.

"Trial and error: U.S. pilot's escape and rescue: Hanoi's handling of POW Issue." Newsweek. August 1, 1966, pp. 35-36,

Tucker, W. Q. "Experiences as a prisoner of war In Germany." Proc. roy. soc. med.. 37 (1944), 397-400.

Vlnlng, Virgil V. Guest of an emperor. New York: Carlton Press, 1968.

Voelkel, Harold. Behind barbed wire In Korea. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1953.

Wang, Tsun-mlng. Wang Tsun-mlng. antl-Communlst: an autobio- graphical account of Chinese Communist thought reform. Washington, D.C.: Psychological Warfare Division, HumRRO, Qeo. Wash. Unlver., 1954.

Weinstein, Alfred A. Barbed wire surgeon. New York: Macmlllan, 1948.

Wills, Morris. Turncoat; an American's 12 years In Communist China; the ~ " ----- - . Hall the story of Morris R. Wills. Engelwood Cliffs, N.Y.: Prentlce- , 190Ö.

Wlttlln, Tadeusz. A reluctant traveler In Russia. New York: Rlne- hart, 1952.

Wolfkill. Grant P. Reported to be alive. By Grant Wolfkill with Jerry A. Rose. New York; Simon and Schuster, 1965.

Yamamoto, Tomoml. Four years In hell; I was a prisoner behind the Iron Curtain. Tokyo; Aslon, 1952.

•'.

0. MEDICAL

Anderson, C. L., et al. "Medical experiences In Communist POW camps In Korea; experiences and observations of five American medical officers who were prisoners of war." J. Amer. med. ass.. 156 (195^), 120-122.

Anderson, N. S. "Neuropsychlatrlc examination of prisoners at Port Knox." Bull. U.S. Army med. deot.. 8 (19^8), 790-796.

Bass, P. "L'amenorrhde au camp de concentration de T^r^zln." (Amenorrhea at concentration camp of Thereslenstadt.) Qynaecol. 123 (19^7), 211-218.

Bloemsma, P. "The fence complex of a POW." ftuart. Rev.. 33 (1953), 20-21.

Bowman, K. M., & Wortls, H. "Psychiatric syndromes caused by nutritional deficiency." In The role of nutritional deficiency in nervous and mental disease. Baltimore, Md.: Williams ft Wllklns, 22 (19^3), 160-191.

Brill, N. Q. "Neuropsychlatrlc examination of military personnel recovered from Japanese prison camps." Bull. U.S. Army med. deot.. 5 (191»6), 429-438.

Cltrome, P. "Conclusions d'une enqutte sur le suicide dans les camps de concentration." (Conclusions of a study on suicide in concentration camps.) Cahlers Internat, soclol.. 12, 147-149,

Cochrane, A. L. "Notes on the psychology of prisoners of war." Brit. med. .1.. 1 (suppl.) (L946), 282-284.

"Medical experiences as prisoner in Germany." Bull. U.S. Army med. dent.. 7 (19^7), 285-290.

. "Tuberculosis among war prisoners in Germany." Brit. med. .1.. T (1945), 656-658. äuüu-uaöu-u..

Cohen, B. M., & Cooper, M. Z. A follow-up study of World War II prisoner? of w^r. Veteran? Adjnip, m?dt morwrnr» Washington, D.C.:U.S. Gov't. Print, Off., 1954.

Collis, W. R. P., & MacClancy, P. C. "Pedlatric problems presented at Belsen camp." Brit, med. .1.. 1 (1946), 273-275.

Dixey, J. R. B. "Belsen." St. Barthol. HOSP. .1.. Londons 49 (July 19^5), 76-81.

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<\ • . ...... s^^^S^

-42- Federn, E. "The endurance of torture." Complex, Vol. I, No. 4

(1951), 34-41.

Frank, J. D. "Emotional reaction of American soldiers to unfamiliar disease." Amer. psvchiat.. 102 (March 1946), 631-640.

Freedman, L. Z. "Truth drugs." Scl. Amer.. 202 (i960), 145-154.

Friedman, P. "The effects of imprisonment." Acta medica orlentalia. 7 (1948), 163-167. '

Gorges, V. "Man muss leben—ein Beitrag zur Psychologie der Kämeradensclinder." Deutsche Rundschau: (1952), 599-604.

Gottlieb, M. B. Impressions of POW medical officer In Japanese concentration camp." U.S. naval med. bull.. 46 (1946), 633-675.

Gottschick, J. "Kriegsgefangenschaft und Psychosen." (War imprisonment and psychosis.) Nervenarzt. 21 (1950), 129-132,

. "Neuropsychiatrlsche Erkrankungen bei deutschen KrleKS- gefangenen in USA in Lichte statistischer Betrachtungen. (Neuropsychlatric ailments among German war prisoners In the USA in the light of statistical considerations.) Arch, fur psvchiat. und neurol.. 185 (1950), 491-510.

Grles, Ulrich. Abbau der Persflnllchkeit. zum Problem der Persflnlichkelt- syerJtnderungen bei Dystrophie in sowjetischer Kriegsgefangenschaft, München;Ernst Reinhardt, 1957.

Hardy, A. V.; Mason, R. P.; & Martin, G. A. "The dysenteries in the Armed Forces." Amer. .1. trop. med. hygiene. 1 (1952), 171-175.

Heflebower, R. C. "Prisoners of war; what have been the cnief causes of their sufferings in the past and how can these be best prevented in the future?" (Welcome Prize essay.) Mil, surg.. 63 (1928), 625-642.

Hinkle, L. E., Jr. In Group for the Advancement of Psychiatry, Methods of forceful indoctrination; observations and interviews . New York; GAP Publications Office, July, 1957, GAP Sympos. No. 4, 285-292.

Notes on the physical state of the prisoner of war as it may affect brain function. Washington; Bureau of Social Science Research, 1963.

Hinz, Joachim. Das Kriegsgefangenenrecht unter besonderer Berflck- sichtigung seiner Entwicklung durch das Genfer Abkommen vom 12. August 1949. Berlin; F. Vahlen, 1955.

. Kriegsvölkerrecht! vBlkerrechtllche Verträge über die Kriegführung, die Kriegsmittel und den Schutz der Verwundeten. Kriegsgefangenen und Zivilpersonen im Kriege. Berlin: Hey- manns, 1957.

jr ^.V^ä ^ _.r^

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Jacobson, Edith. "Observations on the psychological effects of imprisonment on female political prisoners." Searchlights on delinquency. Edited by K. R. Eiasler. New York: Tnt. Univer. Pr., 19^9.

Japan. Army. Rules and regulations for prisoners üf war. U.S. Naval Hospital Archives, 1946.

', M.. & Bradford, E. J. G. "Neurosis in escaped prlsoi war/' Brit. .1. med. psvchol.. 20 (1945-46), 422-435.

Jenes, M. "Rehabilitation of Forces neurosis patients (prisoners of war) to civilian life." British med. .1.. 1 (Suppl.) (1946). 533-534.

,., & Tanner, J. M. "Clinical characteristics, treatment, and rehabilitation of repatriated prisoners of war with neurosis." J. neurol.. neurosurg.. & psychlat.. 2 (1948), 53-60.

Katz, C. J. "Experiences in a prison camp as a background for therapy." Ment. hygiene. 34 (1950), 90-96.

. "Neuropathologlc manifestations fround In Japanese prison camp." J. nerv. ment. dls.. 103 (1946), 456-465.

Kirman, B. H. "Mental disorder in released prisoners of war." J. ment. sei.. 92 (1946), 803-813.

Kral, V. A. "Psychiatric observations under severe chronic stress." Amer. .1. psychlat.. 103 (1951), 185-192.

"Kriegsgefangene die night zurück wollen," Deutsche Zeltung und Wirtschaftszeitung. 67 (1952).

"Kriegsgefangenschaft und Psychosen." Nervenarzt. 4 (1950), 129-132.

Krugman, M. "Study of German prisoners of war." Amer. .1. orthopsv- chiat.. 19 (1949), 525-536.

KultschytskyJ, A. von. Die Marxistlsch-Sow.letische Konzeption des Menschen im Lichte der Westlichen Psychologie. München, 1956.

Leyton, 0. B. "Effects of slow starvation." Lancet. 2 (1946), 74-79.

"Life and death in a concentration camp." Lancet. 255 (1948), 228- 229.

Lilly, J. C. "Mental effects of reduction of ordinary levels of physical stimuli on Intact, healthy persons." Psychlat. res. rep. Amer. psychlat. assn.. 5 (1956), 1-28.

..;; o*^

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"Melnutrltlon in Japanese Internment camps." Lancet. 24? (1944), 278-279.

Markowskl, B. "Some experiences of a medical prisoner of war." Brit, med. .1.. 2 (1945), 361-363.

Martius, H. "Escape amenorrhea." Deutsche medizinische Wochen- schrift. 71 (1946), 81. (abstracT).

Mason, J. B., & Beasley, C. H. "Medical arrangements for prisoners of war." Mil, sure.. 107 (1950), 431-443.

Meerloo, J. A. M. "Medication into submission; the danger of thera- peutic coercion." J. nerv. ment. dis.. 122 (1955), 353-360.

. "Pavlovian strategy as a weapon of menticlde." Amer. .1. psvchiat.. 110 (1954), 809-813.

. "Psychiatric ecology." J. nerv. ment. dis.. 127 (1959).

Murphy, W. B. M. "Refugee psychoses in Great Britain: admissions to mental hospitals. In Flight and resettlement. Paris: UNESCO, 1955, 173-194.

National Research Council. Division of Medical Sciences. A follow- up study of World War II prisoners of war, by Bernard M. Cohen, M.D., Dept. of Medicine and Surgery, Veterans Administration. U.S. Gov't. Print. Off. 1954.

Peter, C. "Psychologische und psychiatrisch-neurologische Beo- bachtungen und Erfahrungen aus 29 monatiger Gefangenschaft." Nervenarzt. 5 (1949), 202-206.

Pfister-Ammende, Maria. "The symptomatology, treatment, and prognosis in mentally ill refugees and repatriates in Switzerland." Flight and resettlement. Edited by H. B. M. Murphy, et al. Paris: UNESCO, 1955, 147-172.

Poynton, 0. "Some observations on the psychological and psychiatric problems encountered in a Singapore prison camp." Med. .1. Australia, 2 (1947), 501-509.

"Psychiatric problems of repatriated prisoners." Proc. Section of Psychiatry. Royal Society Med., Brit. med. .1.. 1 (1946), (Suppl.), 402-403.

"Psychologische Störungen in de Kriegsgefangenschaft." Nervenarzt. 10 (1947), 476.

Santuccl, P. S., & Winokur, 0. "Brainwashing as a factor in psychiatric illness." A.M.A. arch, neurol. psychiat.. 74 (1955), 11-16.

Segal, H. A. "Initial psychiatric findings of recently repatriated prisoners of war." Amer. .1. psychiat.. 3 (1954), 358-363.

v*" -«pi»"

-45-

Shuval, Judith T. "Some persistent effects of trauma: five years after the Nazi concentration camps." Soc. prob.. 5 (1957-58), 230-243.

Sitter, S. C. "Psychiatric reactions observed on Corregidor and Bataan and in Japanese captivity." Proceedings from the Neuro- psychlatric Conference of the 6th Service Command. U.S. Army. Chicago: 6th Service Command Headquarters, 1945.

Small, M, H. "On some psychical relations of society and solitude." Pedag. seminary. 7 (1900), 13-69.

Tanner, J, M,, & Jones, M. "Psychological symptoms and physiologic response to exercise of repatriated prisoners of war with neurosis." J. neurol. neurosurg. psychiat.. 11 (1948), 61-71.

Tas, J. "Psychical disorders among Inmates of concentration camps and repatriates." Psychiat. quart.. 25 (1951), 67o-690.

Vaughan, Elizabeth H. "Adjustment problems In a concentration camp." üociol. soc. res.. 32 (19^7-1»8), 513-518.

Wassermann, M., & Branzel, P. "Considerations sur lea troubles psychomoteurs dans I'aaphyzie lente." (Psychomotor disturb- ances In slow asphyxia.) Bull, soc. roumalne neurol.. psvchiat.. psvchol. endocrinol.. 26-27 (194^-46). ^a-4Q.

West, L. J., et al. Unclassified bibliography: prisoners of war, civilian Internees, and political prisoners. Unpublished report of the Dept. of Psychiat. & Neurol., Unlver. Okla. Sch. of Med., multllithed, n.d.

Wolf, S., & Ripley, H. S. "Reactions among allied prisoners sub- jected to three years of imprisonment and torture by the Japanese." Amer. .1. psvchiat.. 104 (19^7), 180-193.

"■»wM.w».'i-Mi:1ti«L1.,nij.,~j/.,.,.:,v

H. BIBLIOGRAPHIES

Blderman, A. D.; Heller, Barbara S.; & Epstein, Paula. A selected bibliography on captivity behavior. Washington, D.C: Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Feb. 1961, APOSR-295.

Bureau of Social Science Research, Inc. An annotated bibliography on prisoner interrogation. compliance and resistance. Sub- mitted to: The Office of Scientific Research, U.S. Air Force.

Edwards, John B. Bibliography on prisoner of war labor. Washington, 19*7.

Russell Sage Foundation. Displaced persons; a bibliography. New York: Author, 1951.

Sharp, J. C. In Japanese hands. A list of books dealing with prisoner of war and internment camps in the Far East. 1941-45. Birmingham, Eng., 1952,

Society for the Investigation of Human Ecology. Brainwashing; A guide to the literature. Forest Hills, New York; Society for the Investigation of Human Ecology, December, i960,

U.S. Dept. of the Army. Army Library. Bibliography on repatriation of prisoners of war. Compiled by Law Section, Army Library, Washington, I960.

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