activity report 2015 - cea list · augmented reality glasses for industrial operators obstacle...

Activity Report 2015

D R I V I N G D I G I T A L T R A N S F O R M A T I O N

CEA List, a member of the Instituts

Carnot network, conducts technological

research in the field of smart digital

systems. BUSINESSES CAN ACCESS

THE INSTITUTE’S INNOVATION AND

TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER PROGRAMS

TO MAKE THEIR PRODUCTS AND

SERVICES MORE COMPETITIVE.

Each year, the Institute, with its

staff of nearly 800, supports around

200 businesses from around the world

and from virtually all industries; the

Institute files an average of 65 patents

per year to protect its innovations.

Key research areas:

– Advanced manufacturing.

– Embedded systems.

– Ambient intelligence.

– Ionizing radiation for healthcare.

/ F O R E W O R D

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2015 Activity Report

Philippe Watteau,

Director, CEA List

Technological innovation: the cornerstone of tomorrow’s industrial economy

CEA LIST, A CEA TECH INSTITUTE, CONTINUED TO EXPAND ITS R&D PARTNERSHIPS IN 2015, CONDUCTING RESEARCH IN AREAS LIKE MANUFACTURING, CYBERSECURITY, THE INTERNET OF THINGS, AND BIG DATA WITH INDUSTRIAL PARTNERS.

We closed out the year 2015 with 200 R&D partners, half of which were

small- to mid-sized businesses, and 500 joint R&D projects with one

or more partners.

And, with nearly 300 papers published in top-tier international

scientific journals, 63 patents filed, and more than 30 Ph.D.

dissertations defended, our researchers continued to demonstrate

scientific excellence in 2015.

The recognition we have earned for our scientific excellence positioned

us to advocate for public policies to revitalize France’s industrial

economy, most notably as a founding member of France’s Alliance pour

l’Industrie du Futur (AIF), a nonprofit group uniting stakeholders from

industry, scientific research, academia, and government.

AIF, set up under the aegis of the French Ministry of Industry

to implement the government’s Industrie du Futur strategy, counts among

its members the country’s principal professional federations.

At CEA List, our contribution to this national initiative focuses

on developing nationwide integration platforms for the digital industry

and additive fabrication technologies.

But the impact of our activities is not limited to France. We are active

at the European level as well, representing Technology Research

Organizations on the boards of European Public-Private Partnerships

(PPP) in robotics and cybersecurity.

We also have partnerships that extend beyond Europe’s borders.

In 2015 we held our first-ever List Day in Japan. More than a hundred

people (90% professionals from industry) turned out to learn more about

our technology portfolio.

Finally, in 2015 we continued to work with partners like Inria,

Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Sud, and Télécom ParisTech

and Télécom Sud (schools of the Institut Mines-Télécom) to help build

the new University of Paris-Saclay. The campus will ultimately be home

to a student body of 60,000 and a faculty of 10,000.

Our goal is to earn the University of Paris-Saclay a position

as one of the world’s premier centers for education and research

in digital technology.

/ F O R E W O R D


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Director’s foreword

/ C O N T E N T S

/ M E M B E R O F T H E I N S T I T U T S C A R N O T N E T W O R K O F E X C E L L E N C E I N S C I E N T I F I C R E S E A R C H

/ K E Y F I G U R E S

/ T E C H N O L O G Y T R A N S F E R

Factory of the Future (FoF)

Security, cybersecurity

Smart cities, smart life

Transportation and mobility

Personalized medicine

/ N E W S F R O M O U R S T A R T U P S

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1415

12

21

/ S T R A T E G Y

Helping businesses become more competitive:

The pillars of our strategy

Innovating with CEA List: Resources developed

with business’ needs in mind

Developing new products and services

with CEA List: Our R&D platforms

4


/ C O N T E N T S

/ 2 0 1 5 S C I E N T I F I C A D V A N C E S

A D V A N C E D M A N U F A C T U R I N GSimulate and run a factory with a single model

Cooperative robots that move around safely

Cobot removes pork lard in meat packing plant

Robotized X-ray tomography and new inspection strategies

Ultrasonic non-destructive testing for hard-to-access areas

E M B E D D E D S Y S T E M SReal-time processing for distributed applications

Deep neural networks for industrial applications

Simplified command-control systems for the nuclear industry

Formal software verification sees new advances

A M B I E N T I N T E L L I G E N C EA fast, accurate image-search engine

More effective location of gas piping to replace

Augmented reality glasses for industrial operators

Obstacle detection using 3D technology improved

I O N I Z I N G R A D I A T I O N F O R H E A L T H C A R EAn accurate, compact X-ray source model

Radiotherapy: toward more accurate calibration

Improved high-intensity focused ultrasound therapy with CIVA

/ C E A L I S T O R G C H A R T

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4448

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5

Contents

/ S T R A T E G Y

Helping businesses become more competitive

List is an institute of CEA Tech, the technology research branch of the CEA, France’s Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission. With a sharp focus on smart digital systems, List works with businesses of all sizes and from all industries to help them leverage technological innovation to boost their competitiveness.

WHAT MAKES CEA LIST DIFFERENT– a strong portfolio of enabling technologies protected

by patents and applicable to a broad range of markets.

Our industrial R&D partners can take advantage of

our technology portfolio to develop new products and

processes that respond to the needs of their markets.

– a unique “innovation assembly” approach where

our researchers design seamless, comprehensive

solutions optimized for performance.

– R&D platforms with state-of-the-art equipment run

by expert staff concentrating our know-how in nine

key areas (see page 10)

OVERCOMING TECHNOLOGICAL HURDLES AND CREATING INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY TO:– design innovative products– improve existing products’ performance, battery life, form factor

and features while reducing costs– improve design and manufacturing processes

6


/ S T R A T E G YThe four pillars of our strategyTECHNOLOGY TRANSFER

Since 2001 List has spun off 18 startups to develop

and scale-up the institute’s technologies for production

in industrial environments.

Every year, List partners with more than 200 com-

panies from all industries. From 2009 to 2015, the total

revenue generated by R&D contracts rose by around

20% per year.

List has set up a strict industrial property policy,

filing international patents to protect its innovations

worldwide. On average, List files 65 patents per year.

List, like the other CEA Tech institutes, is a member

of the Instituts Carnot network of scientific excellence

and has been ISO 9001 certified since 1999.

SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL EXCELLENCE

List researchers are assigned full-time to R&D

projects. The results of their research are presented

at scientific conferences and published in top-tier

international scientific journals. They also draw upon

close working relationships with academic researchers

to maintain their knowledge at the international state

of the art.

Our researchers are tasked with identifying existing

knowledge and using it to develop technologies with

the capacity to drive breakthroughs, complete proof-

of-concept testing, and file patents to protect new

innovations.

A total of 25% of the institute’s annual operating

budget is invested in pump-priming research.

A STRONG NATIONAL ECOSYSTEMAs a member of the Instituts Carnot network

alongside academic research partners like Inria, Cetim,

Télécom et Société numérique (TSN), and ARTS (Arts

& Métiers), List is an active participant in developing

the new University of Paris-Saclay.

List also participates in collaborative R&D projects

through France’s clusters, including Systematic Paris-

Région.

The institute is also a member of the new Alliance

Industrie du Futur (AIF), a national nonprofit

consortium to revitalize France’s industrial economy.

INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMSAt end-2015, List was engaged in around 100 EU-

backed collaborative R&D projects. These projects

provide the institute with opportunities to work with

top-tier academic research labs from across Europe and

to generate new industrial R&D partnerships.

The institute also sits on the boards of several EU

R&D bodies and helps to draw up specifications for

calls for projects on the emerging technologies of the

next several years.

R&D contracts with international industrial partners

(from the United States, Japan, Sweden, and other

countries) account for 15% of R&D contract revenue.

65filed each year.PATENTS

18created since 2001.STARTUPS

25%invested in pump-priming research.OF OUR OPERATING BUDGET

20%in industrial R&D contracts since 2009.ANNUAL GROWTH


7

Strategy

Industrial partners, from small- and mid-sized businesses to major corporations, can work with CEA List in several different ways. Our R&D contracts have been developed specifically to meet these business’ needs.

THE INDUSTRIAL R&D PARTNER AND LIST LAB SIGN

A SIX-MONTH TO THREE-YEAR CONTRACT to develop

a specific innovation with clearly-identified deliverables.

The R&D contract can be combined with another

collaborative R&D project (funded by the French National

Research Agency, French Single Interministerial

Fund, or European Commission, for example) focusing

on earlier-stage research; this type of arrangement

can also help clarify the objectives of the R&D contract.

1. R&D

CONTRACTS

R&D CONTRACTS ARE BEST-SUITED FOR:

– Speeding up or making better use of the human

and other resources dedicated to innovation.

– Improving a product or process and securing

a rapid return on investment.

– Working with a contract research organization

for the first time. 200Each year, List signs more

than 200 R&D contracts with

businesses seeking to innovate.

CONTRACTS

Innovating with CEA List: Resources developed with business’ needs in mind

8


Strategic partnership contracts are signed with CEA Tech and PROVIDE THE INDUSTRIAL

R&D PARTNER WITH ACCESS TO THE TECHNOLOGY PORTFOLIOS OF ALL THREE CEA

TECH INSTITUTES: List (smart digital systems); Leti (micro and nanotechnology); and Liten

(new materials and renewable energy). The industrial R&D partner and CEA Tech sign a contract

with reciprocal obligations, generally for three to five years. The contract can cover a broad

range of topics, and is drafted to allow enough flexibility to change the R&D focus according

to the results obtained and changing market priorities.

THE INDUSTRIAL R&D PARTNER AND LIST LAB SET UP A JOINT R&D TEAM and sign a contract

with reciprocal obligations; contracts generally run for three years and are renewable.

Joint innovation labs can address multiple topics and the focus can be adjusted over time according

to the results obtained. A technical roadmap, governance rules, and project management methods

are determined according to the industrial R&D partner’s needs.

3. STRATEGIC PARTNER-

SHIP

2. JOINT

INNOVATION LAB

STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIPS ARE BEST-SUITED FOR:

– Companies with a position of market leadership in their field.

– Projects likely to cover a broad or expanding range of technologies.

– Maintaining a high degree of responsiveness to the demands

of fast-paced markets.

JOINT INNOVATION LABS ARE BEST-SUITED FOR:

– Getting new products, processes, or breakthrough innovations to market.

– Projects likely to cover a broad or expanding range of technologies.

NEW REGIONAL TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER PLATFORMS: PAYS DE LA LOIRE, NOUVELLE-AQUITAINE, OCCITANIE, PACA, GRAND-EST, HAUTS-DE-FRANCE

CEA Tech has set up six regional technology

transfer platforms covering France’s major

regional manufacturing economies, giving List

yet another resource that aligns closely with

industrial R&D partners’ needs.

The platforms are staffed by experienced

researchers positioned to carefully assess

the needs of local industrial R&D partners,

determine the best way for the partners to

work with CEA Tech, liaise with the CEA Tech

researchers involved in their project, and

assist with project management.

The regional technology transfer platforms

benefit from lab resources targeted to the

unique needs of local industrial R&D partners.

For example, List is playing a crucial role in

the Grand-Est platform, covering northeastern

France, through the platform’s FFLOR center

to develop market applications for List’s

cobotics and virtual reality technologies.

FFLOR is unique in that it is housed directly

at a PSA automotive manufacturing plant and

can be used directly by PSA and its tier-1 and

tier-2 suppliers.

13 At end-2015, List was running

13 strategic partnerships.

PARTNERSHIPS

20 At end-2015 List was running 20 joint

innovation labs with industrial

R&D partners. The longest-running lab

was set up in 2008.

JOINT INNOVATION LABS


9

Strategy: Innovating with CEA List

Innovation that drives industrial efficiency

CEA List has nine R&D platforms home to industrial-grade equipment that R&D partners can use to create added value through technological innovation. Our facilities have no equivalent in France’s publicly-funded research landscape.

R&DNon-destructive testing (NDT)OBJECTIVE: develop new testing methods, sensors, instru-

mentation, and processing algorithms for defect-detection.

KEY FIGURES: 500 sq. m of facilities, 80 employees,

10 industrial R&D partners.

Collaborative roboticsOBJECTIVE: make manual tasks easier, improve operator

precision, and increase operator productivity.

KEY FIGURES: 1,500 sq. m of facilities, 50 employees,


Instrumentation for nuclear energy

OBJECTIVE: develop measurement systems for

nuclear-power-plant operation, monitoring, safety, and

decommissioning; 30 employees, 10 industrial R&D partners.

1.

3.

Virtual reality for the Factory of the Future (FoF)

OBJECTIVE: conduct research on production lines,

workstation ergonomics, and operator-assistance systems

using virtual reality and blended techniques.

KEY FIGURES: 350 sq. m of facilities, 20 employees,


2.

4.

Multi-technology, multi-industry R&DList’s nine technology platforms cover a broad

range of technologies and address a wide variety of

industries, from manufacturing, security, energy, and

healthcare to transportation and mobility. Our enabling

technologies can be used in a variety of applications.

Industrial R&D partners can access our technology

platforms to achieve goals like building a demonstrator

system or prototype or doing test production runs. The

industrial-grade equipment at the platforms closes

the gap between testing and industrial scale-up. And,

40% of the researchers assigned to our industrial R&D

partners’ projects have career experience in industry.

Protecting intellectual property and transforming it into an assetThe CEA files more patents than any other publicly-

funded research organization in the world and has

implemented a strict IP policy to protect its technologies

worldwide.

10


The showroom features inno-

vations like an exoskeleton arm

operators can wear to help them

lift heavy loads; a touch-enabled

table used to remotely-control a

TV; a pedestrian-detection system;

cybersecurity strategies; and an

augmented-reality system that

shows how a mechanical part

operates.

Tours of the showroom are

generally given to groups of two

to fifteen people and are led by a

List researcher. After each tour,

a debriefing meeting is held to

brainstorm ideas for new appli-

cations.

Showroom: inspiring ideas for new applicationsThe CEA List showroom is home to demonstrator systems that illustrate how our technologies can be used and the benefits for our industrial R&D partners.

R&DSoftware and systems engineering

OBJECTIVE: improve software and systems

design and validation (cost, quality,

performance, safety, security).

KEY FIGURES: 1,000 sq. m of facilities,

110 employees, 20 industrial R&D partners.

Doseo: technology for radiotherapy and medical imaging

OBJECTIVE: conduct research and provide training

in radiotherapy and medical imaging.

KEY FIGURES: 2,400 sq. m of facilities, 35 employees,

10 R&D partners (manufacturers and treatment centers).

CybersecurityOBJECTIVE: ensure

protection from hardware

and software attacks on

IT applications, integrated

circuits, embedded

systems, and more.

KEY FIGURES: 1,300 sq. m

of facilities, 55 employees,


Embedded systems designOBJECTIVE: design embedded systems with

optimal form factor, power, cost, and security.



Ambient intelligenceOBJECTIVE: develop new tools to enable

humans to interact with digital environments.



6.

9.

5.

8.

7.OUR PLATFORMS

For industrial R&D partners, this means access to

the platforms’ state-of-the art enabling technologies,

which are some of the most advanced around.

R&D partnerships start with custom technology

development work to meet the needs of the partner’s

industry or target market. The industrial R&D partner

can also secure exclusive rights to use these custom

developments by filing patents for specific applications

of the technologies developed.


11

CEA List R&D platforms

CEA List is one of the 34 publicly-funded research organizations in France to have earned the national Carnot seal. Membership in the Instituts Carnot network provides our industrial R&D partners with additional assurance of the quality and professionalism of our work.

CEA List, member of the Instituts Carnot network of excellence in scientific research

The Instituts Carnot network was set up

in 2006 with the goal of getting tech-

nological research organizations and

businesses to work more closely together. Busi-

nesses can work with Instituts Carnot member

organizations to drive innovation, penetrate new

markets, and create jobs.

To become a member of the Instituts Carnot

network, research organizations must pass a

rigorous selection process and their policies

must align with the following guidelines:

– A proactive strategy for reaching out to indus-

trial companies and, in particular, small- to

mid-sized businesses. As a member of the

Instituts Carnot network, CEA List has set up

an industrial R&D partnerships division that

conducts regular sales prospecting campaigns

and organizes business events like the annual

Techday.

– Continuous improvement of professional

practices and processes. CEA List is ISO 9001

certified, has implemented a CRM, and ensures

that all R&D partnerships are run according

to clearly-identified budgets, schedules, and

benchmarks.

– Partnership development. Each year, CEA

List works with around 100 industrial R&D

partners, 40% of which are small- to mid-sized

companies.

– Scientific pump-priming research. A full 25%

of CEA List’s operating budget is allocated to

early-stage research addressing the major

challenges of the future: the digital factory,

non-destructive testing, robotics for health-

care, and new computing architectures.

– Network-building activities. List cooperates

actively with other members of the Instituts

Carnot network to respond to the unique

needs of specific industries. To date, List is

engaged in four industry-specific initiatives

(see opposite).

Companies that partner with a member of the

Instituts Carnot network like CEA List can rest

assured that they will receive state-of-the-art

scientific and technological know-how, profes-

sional project management, a clear understand-

ing of emerging market needs, approachable and

responsive researchers, and the strength of a

nationwide network.

3465 €2.2

7,5001,050

publicly-funded

research institutes

that employ 27,000 researchers

priority patents filed each year (France’s

second-leading patent filer behind auto

manufacturer PSA)

startups created each year

billion

consolidated budget

R&D contracts with more than 2,000 companies,

including 900 small- to mid-sized businesses,

for total R&D spending of €458 million

Instituts Carnot key figures (2015)

12


MANUFACTURING, AUTOMOTIVE, DRUGS, CAPME’UPCEA List is an active participant in four Carnot industry-specific programs

List is working alongside other Instituts Carnot network members on four industry-specific R&D programs with industrial partners.

INDUSTRY-SPECIFIC INITIATIVES 1

ManufacturingThis program responds to

the needs of more than 30,000

mechanical and manufacturing

companies in France. It addresses

several Factory of the Future (FoF)

topics, including new manufacturing

processes, agile production systems,

and the digital factory for small- to

mid-sized businesses.

Instituts Carnot member Cetim

is leading this project, which

involves a total of eleven partners

with 40 technology platforms for

R&D, proof-of-concept testing, and

feasibility studies.

Industrial R&D partners can work

on topics like additive fabrication,

smart machines, virtual design, su-

pervision, and process optimization.


Carnauto (automotive and mobility)Small- to mid-sized businesses

in the automotive and mobility in-

dustries can access the know-how

of nine Instituts Carnot members

and their 65 technology platforms

through this program. The program

addresses technologies for smart

transportation systems and driv-

erless cars.

Carnauto specifically focuses on

three market segments: drivetrains,

materials and architectures, mobility,

and information and communication

technologies.


Findmed (therapeutic drugs)This program involves eleven

Instituts Carnot members and

supports the development of drug

manufacturing companies in France.

The goal is to set up resources

and structured services to provide

companies with access to R&D part-

nerships with academic researchers.

The program is particularly active,

with 175 R&D contracts underway

with small- to mid-sized businesses.

R&D addresses a variety of topics,

from oncology, infectious disease,

galenic formulation, and bioinfor-

matics to the biology of systems.

The project uses the resources of its

partners’ 56 technology platforms.

List is contributing expertise in

ionizing radiation for healthcare.

RESEARCH AND INNOVATION FOR SMALL- TO MID-SIZED BUSINESSES 4

Capme’upThe Capme’up program is run by

three members of the Instituts Car-

not network: List, IFPEN, and Cetim.

The goal is to help small- to mid-

sized businesses get their innovation

projects off the ground by providing

them with technology audits, access

to technology platforms, a full slate

of support services, and assistance

applying for financing.

The program addresses the me-

chanical industries, digital systems,

transportation, and energy. The three

technology platforms available to

the program focus on innovative

non-destructive testing methods,

interactive robotics, and the

new-product-development lifecycle.


13

Member of the Instituts Carnot network of excellence in scientific research

/ K E Y F I G U R E S

746200

18

78%22%

58 %

42 %

521 permanent CEA employees

154 Ph.D. and post-doc candidates

24 state-certified heads of research

11 research directors

147 experts (34 senior experts,

5 international experts)

10% international (European

countries other than

France, Japan, the U.S.)

40% small- to mid-sized

businesses

startups created

since 2001

incentive funds

200 conference presentations

R&D contracts with

industrial partners

external resources

public funding

50% on the CAC 40 or SBF 120

EMPLOYEES

R&D PARTNERS UNDER CONTRACT AT END-2015

P UBLICATIONS AT END-2015

HEADCOUNT AT END-2015

ANNUAL OPERATING BUDGET

300422 active

patents

134 licenses

63 patents filed

125 papers in top-tier international

scientific journals

8 books authored or co-authored

papers

14


/ T E C H T R A N S F E R

Factory of the Future (FoF)

Security, cybersecurity

Smart cities, smart life



2015 R&DTECH TRANSFER


15

/ Technology Transfer

Factory of the Future

R&DOur R&D supports

the technological

transformation of industry,

driving advances in

overall efficiency and

operator-assistance

systems integrating

cobotics and augmented

reality.

TECH TRANSFERARCELORMITTAL. Deep neural

networks were used to improve a

defect-detection system for a steel

roll-milling process. The application

developed can process images of

several megapixels in just seconds,

with a defect-detection rate of 95%.

It can be integrated into a mid-range

FPGA.

DASSAULT AVIATION. We completed

proof-of-concept testing on a remote

operation system paired with a su-

pervision system to monitor aircraft

component assembly tasks (riveting,

applying putty) in difficult-to-access

areas. The testing was completed on

a representative model.

DIOTA. We developed and trans-

ferred new image-matching tech-

nologies delivering real-time track-

ing and tolerance for low-light and

other challenging environments.

These new technologies will make

Diota’s augmented reality solutions

for industry even more effective,

particularly when used in combina-

tion with augmented reality glasses.

TECHNIP. We developed new elec-

tromagnetic sensors to detect the

structural deterioration of offshore

flexible pipes for the oil and gas

industry.

HOLVIA PORC. We confirmed the

feasibility of a cobotic operator-as-

sistance system for a meat packing

plant. The system removes pork

lard. The system that was modelled

reduced the loads handled by work-

ers from 25 kg to 5 kg.

EDF. We developed a robotized

non-destructive testing process

that uses an adaptive method to

characterize defects on prima-

ry-circuit nuclear components with

complex geometries. This advance

used CIVA-based simulation to more

effectively configure the flexible

multi-element sensor, to configure

a robotized solution, and to analyze

the data-acquisition results taking

into account the complex component

geometry. The solution was tested

successfully in a representative

industrial environment.

PLASTIC OMNIUM. A model-based

software and systems engineering

method is currently under devel-

opment with Plastic Omnium. The

future system will replace the

company’s current document-based

method. The method under devel-

opment uses List’s Papyrus open-

source software and focuses on

systems to effectively treat nitrogen

oxide emissions from light vehicles

using SCR. Plastic Omnium’s goal is

to speed up the design process and

facilitate compliance with industry

standards. The company is already

using the method on test projects.

GETINGE. We developed virtu-

al-reality-based tools to validate

and improve confinement-chamber

designs: better accessibility, equip-

ment layout, simulation of air flows

during the sterilization process,

etc. The tools were presented at the

Achema trade show in Germany.

Augmented and virtual

reality: product design

and simulation software;

production equipment;

and workstations.

Non-destructive testing

(NDT): modelling,

simulation, and

instrumentation (US, EC,

CT) and new inspection

systems (SHM) for new

production methods

(additive manufacturing).

Robotics and cobotics:

versatile robotic

components; cobotic

systems (operator

assistance, task-sharing).

Big Data: real-time analysis

of heterogeneous data

and instrumentation.

The digital factory and

the Internet of Things

(IoT): secure protocols;

vision systems; HMI;

model-driven engineering;

knowledge engineering;

runtime support.

16


Security and cybersecurity

R&DOur work to develop

digital trust and secure

communications solutions

aims to make industrial

systems and paperless

services safer and more

reliable and keep data

protected.

Videosurveillance using

a network of cameras.

CBRN (chemical, biological,

radiological, and nuclear

defense) sensors and

instrumentation systems.

TECH TRANSFERTHALES. Our joint lab with Thales

was set up to investigate and imple-

ment formal software verification

methods for critical embedded

systems. The lab began by focusing

on two areas: rail signaling appli-

cations and the proof of functional

properties of code used in the de-

fense industry.

BUREAU VERITAS. We developed

a method using formal verification

with Frama-C to validate and cer-

tify embedded command-control

software, mainly for the maritime

industry. A set of best practices for

software development and valida-

tion was published.

AMOSSYS. We took existing for-

mal verification techniques used

for critical systems and modified

them for use inspecting binary

code for security audits and evalu-

ations. Analyses using a statistical

analysis engine were developed

and integrated into standard binary

auditing tool IDA.

AIRBUS. We developed new methods

to analyze sensitive programs to

ensure that no potential information

leaks were present. Mechanisms to

detect leak risks during execution

were integrated. An initial prototype

to monitor C-program information

flows was implemented and an

overall software-security certifi-

cation methodology was determined.

DARPA, SRI INTERNATIONAL, AND

UC SANTA CRUZ (UNITED STATES).

We developed a video game for

crowdsourced verification of open-

source software to reduce verification

costs. The video game was evaluated

on drone autopilot software. The

Frama-C platform was enhanced to

enable inter-analysis collaboration

and improve compilation.

Text- and image-mining

software. Systems to

extract security-related

information from

databases or the internet.

IT security and

cybersecurity. Tools

to analyze all of an

application’s possible

behaviors and provide

proof that there are no

vulnerabilities.


17

Technology Transfer

TECH TRANSFERDOCEA POWER. We developed a

closed-loop thermal performance

co-emulation solution. The solution

combines an emulator with Docea

Power’s energy consumption and

circuit temperature assessment

software. It supports the evalua-

tion of thermal phenomena over

significant timespans and the

development of advanced thermal

management solutions from the

functional validation stage.

GLOBAL SENSING TECHNOLOGIES.

We developed a low-energy com-

puting accelerator for applications

leveraging deep neural networks.

The accelerator enables real-time

decisions to be made at close to

sensor level for light systems inte-

grating artificial intelligence.

ATRENTA. We made improvements

to Atrenta’s complex-circuit en-

ergy-consumption and efficiency

software. In particular, we helped

reduce energy-consumption fore-

cast error rates. An original method

was developed to reduce memory

hierarchy energy consumption, with

very substantial savings on a RISC

AntX processor.

TIGF. A decision-assistance tool was

developed to help keep gas conduits

in operating condition by assessing

the risk of deterioration in different

areas. The tool is based on 300 rules

developed with gas-conduit experts

using information from past years’

excavation reports. Computing time

for a single case is just 4 ms. And

the “positive excavation” rate has

risen substantially over what the

company had achieved using their

previous tool.

NICOMATIC. In research conducted

under a joint List-Nicomatic lab, we

evaluated a reflectometry-based

defect-detection method using a

patented data-fusion algorithm

that generates a single diagnostic

report from the results of several

independent methods. Soft faults

with weak signatures can now be

detected rapidly and automatically,

facilitating the implementation of

predictive maintenance processes.

INVENSENSE. We developed meth-

ods and transferred prototypes to

determine a person’s environment

(public places, transportation, indoor

environments). The demonstrator

system developed uses smartphone

audio signals and movement. The

underlying technology combines

dedicated audio-signal descriptors

and recognition methods based on

deep neural networks. The system’s

performance was 5% better than the

state of the art when tested on a

public database.

R&DReal-time systems

for electricity grid

infrastructure.

Enhanced, secure

communications networks

for sensor networks.

Software and systems

engineering and

cybersecurity tools:

Papyrus and Frama-C.

Operating safety of smart

energy systems and

embedded systems.

Embedded real-time

hypervisor for smart

meters managing

mixed-criticality tasks.

Data processing and

operation of highly-

distributed complex

systems.

Information processing

and enhanced operation

of energy management

systems.

Human-machine interfaces

and driver-assistance

systems.

Embedded vision systems:

environmental analysis

systems and new mobility

services.

Non-destructive testing

(NDT) of new materials and

assemblies.

Smart city, smart life

18


TECH TRANSFERWIN MS. We developed an inter-

mittent fault injection module

calibrated on cabling to develop

cabling diagnostic systems capable

of detecting faults for aeronautics

and rail applications. The module

generates soft impedance faults,

programmable sequences of in-

termittent faults, and serial and

parallel electric arcs due to cable or

insulation wear and tear.

EUROCRYOSPACE. We designed a

new propellant measurement probe

for space launch systems; the probe

uses Bragg networks photo-written

into optical fibers. The goal was

to improve the capacity, precision,

response times, form factor, and

weight of cryogenic metrology pro-

cesses, ultimately to enable in-flight

propellant measurement. The com-

pany worked with France’s National

Space Agency (CNES) to evaluate

the probe’s performance in several

configurations representative of

launch conditions.

ARCURE [1/2]. We developed and

transferred a new obstacle detec-

tion method based on 3D vision

and shape analysis. The method

was proven effective for obstacles

of all sizes, shapes, and densities

(non-solid objects like fences).

ARCURE [2/2]. We worked on the

company’s Blaxtair pedestrian de-

tection systems, developing a new

embedded-processor hardware plat-

form. The different ARM processors

were evaluated and the application

was improved to maintain real-time

performance.

R&DCommunications: A protocol

guaranteeing very secure,

reliable embedded V2I and

V2V communications.

Software and systems

engineering: model-driven

engineering; statistical

code analysis; behavior

prediction; security flaw

detection.

Human-machine interfaces,

driver-assistance systems:

smart cameras (event

detection, geolocation);

augmented reality for

driver-assistance systems;

touch and force-feedback

haptic interfaces.

Performance and security

of embedded systems:

computing architecture

and algorithmic porting

with a good compromise

between performance,

energy consumption, cost,

and security. Manycore

architectures for real-time

distributed computing.



19

Technology Transfer

TECH TRANSFERARCANE. We used LNHB’s (France’s

national radiation metrology lab)

primary reference for high-energy

photons (around 6 MeV) to char-

acterize the photon beam used by

manufacturer Arcane. The results

will substantially improve the

precision of Arcane’s calibration

of environmental dosimetry mea-

surement equipment and exposure

monitoring of occupational radiation

workers in industry and healthcare.

ESPRIMED. The company signed

a licensing agreement with LNHB

(France’s national radiation metrol-

ogy lab) to transfer know-how and

develop technology for mobile cali-

bration of the activimeters used in

nuclear medicine departments. The

market release of new radiopharma-

ceuticals and an increasing variety

of container geometries (syringes,

bottles, etc.) are fueling an increase

in demand for calibration services.

esprimed, France’s leading medical

physics-nuclear medicine service

provider, will round out its existing

product lineup and add value to the

services it delivers.

CIBIO. Our R&D partnership focuses

on new methods for monitoring de-

livered doses in radiotherapy. We

evaluated and validated treatment

quality control methods using static

beams and developed new external

control techniques suitable for

complex-beam therapies. A team of

engineers from Cibio was assigned

to our Doseo platform as part of the

R&D partnership.


R&DRadiotherapy and medical

imaging: simulation,

modelling, image-

analysis, and processing

customization methods

and software; systems to

measure vital parameters

and biomarkers.

Interactive assisted-living

systems for the elderly and

disabled.

Personalized and digital

medicine: sensory

interfaces; decision-

assistance software for

healthcare practitioners;

sensors and software

for companion diagnostic

tests.

Massive data analysis

for medical diagnostics:

diagnostic and drug

development software.

Tools for doctors and

patients: assisted-living;

multimode imaging

platforms; surgical

training robots.

20


/ S T A R T U P S ,FACILITATING THE TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY FROM LAB TO MARKET

SINCE 2001, RESEARCH AT CEA LIST HAS

RESULTED IN THE CREATION OF EIGHTEEN

STARTUPS, most of which were founded

by our researchers. These startups have

created 300 jobs.

They also play a key role facilitating

the transfer of know-how and tools

developed at List to businesses.

List startups scale-up and commercialize

new technologies and develop associated

services. In short, they transform

the results of our research into products

and services that respond to market demand.

Our startups work closely with users

to assess their current and future needs

and expectations. List remains the primary

R&D partner of its startups, and, as such,

contributes to meeting these needs.

18

300STARTUPS

JOBS


21

News from our startups


M2M PURSUES GROWTHM2M, which specializes in ultrasonic non-de-

structive testing equipment, continued to grow

in 2015. The company sold its 100th MultiX++

quality-control system, the most powerful in

the company’s product lineup. M2M also moved

ahead with the market release of its portable

Gekko device, which now features innovative

new modules, including an adaptative total

focusing method. The company opened a U.S.

subsidiary, headquartered in San Francisco.

DIOTASOFT ANCHORS MARKET POSITION Diotasoft, which specializes in augmented reality solutions for industry,

anchored its position on the software market with the release of a gateway

that connects its software directly to industrial information systems. The

company continued to build strategic partnerships in 2015 and doubled

its staff to speed up the implementation of its solutions for industrial

customers. The company also shortened its name to Diota.

TRUSTINSOFT: HALF OF SALES REVENUE FROM UNITED STATES TrustInSoft develops and commercializes

List’s Frama-C technology. The company can

mathematically guarantee software quality for

IT security purposes. TrustInSoft was ranked

among the top ten most innovative cybersecurity

companies in the world. At end-2015, the com-

pany employed twelve people and generated half

of its revenue from sales in the United States.

EXTENDE EXPLORES NEW MARKETSExtende released two new products, broadening

its total number of users. CIVA Education, for

higher education and training; and CIVA Anal-

yse, for NDT in manufacturing environments.

Both products were developed by the CEA.

KRONO-SAFE A STEP CLOSER TO ITS FIRST DO-178 CERTIFICATIONKrono-Safe, which specializes in operating

systems for critical real-time embedded applica-

tions, continued to grow in 2015, with more than

40 employees at year’s end. The company added

new tools, features, and services to its Asterios

product line. Krono-Safe is now preparing an

avionics-standard DO-178C-certifiable version

for aeronautics applications.

22



HAPTION WINS NEW CUSTOMERSHaption’s Scale1, a solution that

enables people to interact with

a 1:1 scale virtual environment,

was a commercial success in 2015.

PSA Peugeot Citroën, Airbus, and

Japan-based NAIST implemented

the solution. Haption forecasts

similar business volumes for 2016.

OREKA SOLUTIONS TARGETS INTERNATIONAL MARKETS Oreka Solutions pursued its international business develop-

ment efforts in 2015, implementing its DEMplus for Nuclear

software package at the Sellafield power plant in England.

The company is on the French government’s list of key players

in technology for the nuclear energy industry. The latest

version of DEMplus features an immersive virtual-reality

headset to train nuclear-plant operators.

KALRAY PREPARES TO RELEASE NEW PRODUCTSKalray, which develops many-

core processors, released its

second-generation product,

the Bostan MPPA2-256.

The company is preparing to

release a third-generation

product. Kalray is based in

France’s Rhône-Alpes region,

currently employs more than

60 people, and opened a U.S.

office in California in 2015.

The startup’s primary focus is

on solutions to speed up data

transmission and storage for

datacenters and driverless

cars. Kalray’s processors offer

unrivalled performance, low

latency, and very low power

consumption.

ANT’INNO RELEASES NEW VERSION OF THE ANT’BOXIn 2015 Ant’Inno released version 5 of its

ANT’box. The product includes new modelling

capabilities that align even more closely with

different usage scenarios, including ones

encompassing multiple projects or fields. The

company is the leader in solutions for managing

unstructured multilingual data and will soon

offer multimedia data management capabilities.

PEDESTRIANS: SAFER THAN EVER WITH ARCURE Germany-based forklift maker Jungheinrich

presented a new product feature at a trade fair

in Hanover: forklifts equipped with Arcure’s

Blaxtair pedestrian-detection cameras. If the

cameras detect a potential collision, the forklift

automatically slows down. R&D conducted by

Arcure’s joint lab with List helped make Blaxtair

more robust and reliable, resulting in this latest

innovation by Jungheinrich.

WIN MS SECURES NEW CUSTOMERS IN THE UNITED STATES AND ASIAWiN MS, which specializes in cable monitoring

and diagnostics, won new customers in the Unit-

ed States and Asia and opened offices in Atlanta

and Singapore. The company, which had been

addressing the aeronautics and rail industries,

now also offers solutions to monitor electricity

grid infrastructure and detect electric arcs.

ESPRIMED EXPANDS WITH NEW LINE OF BUSINESS In 2015 esprimed hired new employees, achieved

new technological advances, grew its business,

and, in cooperation with List (LNE-LNHB),

launched a new project to develop a mobile

measurement chain to calibrate activimeters

for nuclear medicine. The measurement chain

will be used to control the delivered dose during

radiotherapy treatments.


23

News from our startups

24


/ A D VA N C E D M A N U F A C T U R I N G

2627293031

Cooperative robots that move around safely

Cobot removes pork lard in meat packing plant

Simulate and run a factory with a single model

Robotized X-ray tomography and new inspection strategies

Ultrasonic non-destructive testing for hard-to-access areas

27 29 31

Digital technology will allow the factories of the future to be more

agile, flexible, responsive, and efficient than ever. Augmented

reality is just one of the technologies that will help make operators’

work easier and more precise. Custom-developed robots and cobots

will increase productivity and reduce the strain of difficult or

repetitive tasks. More cost-effective innovative sensors will make

it possible to measure new production parameters.

And advances in non-destructive testing will provide unparalleled

precision in determining a part’s mechanical resistance,

identifying weak areas, and forecasting part reliability

and lifespan.

2015 HIGHLIGHTS…

Success stories from our R&D partners:HRV, Arnaud Cosson, COO

Areva, Roger Abou-Khalil, Innovation Manager

Air Liquide, Xavier Traversac, Managing Director, Cryotech Center


25

Advanced manufacturing

→ Industrial robots are usually floor-mounted, protected

by a security perimeter, and can only perform a single

task. The cobot (cooperative robot) prototype tested under

the ADN4SE multi-partner R&D project does everything

standard industrial robots cannot.

First, the cobot can move around between several

workstations to feed the production line. Plus, an operator

can have the cobot complete different tasks by changing the

direction of force applied to the robotic arm.

SAFE COOPERATION WITH OPERATORSOperator safety a prime objective. During testing, the cobot

was proven safe. The low-inertia ball-screw and cable actu-

ator system developed by List delivered excellent sensitivity

to the force applied.

Accidental contact between the cobot and operators

presented no danger at less than 10 joules (the current

standard for machines) at a robotic-arm movement speed

of more than one meter per second. The cobot’s excellent

sensitivity also resulted in good interpretation of the force

applied by the operator when carrying out precision tasks.

When operated in autonomous mode, the cobot was able

to handle parts weighing 2 kg and move around on its

own automated mobile base. The test scenario gave a solid

indication of the cobot’s future use on the plant floor or on

the production line according to the factory’s needs at any

given time.

COOPERATIVE ROBOTS THAT MOVE SAFELY AROUND FACTORIES

THE CHALLENGE. Achieve

a compromise between robot

mobility, autonomy in completing

tasks, and safe interaction with

operators.

APPLICATIONS. Feeding

production lines, preparing

orders, carrying testing

instruments, etc.

A robot that moves on an autonomous mobile base, completes picking tasks, and interacts with operators: scenario successfully tested in representative environment.

SCIENTIFIC ADVANCE

Cobot removes pork lard in meat packing plantHolvia Porc successfully confirmed the feasibility of a robotic solution for

removing pork lard in the company’s meat packing plants. The first step

in the feasibility testing process was to capture operators’ movements

and work with the operators to create a simulation of their movements

in a virtual reality environment. A model of the tool was then developed.

The resulting solution reduces the loads handled by workers from 25 kg

to 5 kg; the pork lard is removed intact and can therefore be used. The

solution developed is more effective than the mechanized systems

currently on the market; a demonstrator system will be tested in 2016.

A patent was filed to protect the innovation.

2015 HIGH-

LIGHTS

26


Progress toward an exoskeleton to make asphalt rakers’ work easierAsphalt rakers, who spread asphalt during road

construction, must be extremely precise in their work,

despite the hot, physically taxing conditions of the job.

RB3D worked with List to develop an exoskeleton to make

asphalt rakers’ work easier. The exoskeleton was tested

in the lab and in the field in 2015. A three-dimensional

command model ensures that the exoskeleton remains

balanced at all times and lets the operator control horizontal

push and pull movements with minimal physical force.

“We introduced an innovative new service to assess the ergonomics of existing or planned workstations: real-time posture analysis on a 1:1 virtual model. List transferred the technology to us in 2015 and we have already signed several contracts.

Until now, posture analyses were done by ergonomics specialists using video footage of workers. Our virtual model lets us place the operator in the situ-ation we want to assess. Occupational health and safety professionals, line managers, and human resources can

all participate in the assessment. This collaborative approach is unique in that it brings the benefits of collective intelligence into the process, resulting in solutions that factor in everyone’s viewpoints. Being one of the first companies on the market to offer this service will enable us to carve out a position of leadership.”

HRV. ARNAUD COSSON, CEO

“ We can now utilize collective intelligence in workstation analysis.”

TESTIMONIAL

Getinge’s virtual isolation chamber garners interest at Achema trade showList developed virtual reality tools for Getinge,

a company that specializes in confinement

chambers for the medical industry. The

first tool developed provides an interactive

accessibility simulation to numerically

validate isolation chamber design and

equipment layout. The second tool generates a

model of air flows inside the chamber to aid in

sterilization. The tools were presented at the

Achema 2015 trade show, the world’s leading

chemical process event, where they generated

a number of leads for Getinge.

A step closer to assembling structural components remotelyProof-of-concept testing on a representative model of

a remotely-operated system to assemble the components

of complex structures was successfully completed.

The operator uses a master system to control a slave robot

that completes riveting and applies putty to ensure a proper

seal in difficult-to-access areas. Operator-assistance

capabilities let the operator adjust the effort applied, avoid

impacts with certain parts, and ensure that the tool follows

a suitable direction and trajectory.

2015HIGH-

LIGHTS


27

Advanced manufacturing Factory of the Future (FoF) | Operator assistance

→ Papyrus 4 Manufacturing stands out from the current

industrial modelling tools in two major ways. First, the

software delivers unparalleled integration. The same model

is used to describe and interface the layout of the facility,

industrial processes, and other processes like design,

procurement, and quality control.

Second, the software is open source. This means that even

small businesses can now access the modelling capabilities

that are becoming increasingly crucial to ensuring that

production systems are as flexible and agile as possible.

Papyrus 4 Manufacturing brings factories one step closer

to Industry 4.0.

COMPLIANT WITH ALL MAJOR INDUSTRIAL STANDARDS

Papyrus 4 Manufacturing can be used to reconfigure

production lines, add new products, and produce more

with the same resources. The software rapidly generates

simulations, going through several scenarios, assessing all

of the impacts, and determining the most efficient changes

to make on the actual plant floor.

The Papyrus extension developed by List is compliant

with all major industrial standards and specifications:

International Society of Automation ISA-95, Business

Process Model and Notation, and RAMI 4.0 architectural

model for Industry 4.0.

Several industrial companies (in the solar power plant and

plastic mold industries) are already using the software. It is

also being used in an EU-backed R&D project that kicked

off at the end of 2015.

SIMULATE AND RUN A FACTORY WITH A SINGLE MODEL

THE CHALLENGE. Describe and interface all

of the dimensions of an industrial facility in a single

model that is applicable to any industry.

APPLICATIONS. Manage, optimize, and reconfigure

industrial facilities.

Decision-assistance, business and industrial processes, production lines and equipment, and facilities: Papyrus 4 Manufacturing describes all factory dimensions for use in simulation, management, and optimization, paving the way for Industry 4.0.

PROJ

ECT

SCIENTIFIC ADVANCE

28


Space launchers: more accurate propellant measurementA prototype measurement probe to determine

the amount of liquid oxygen or hydrogen in

space launcher propellant tanks was evaluated

by EuroCryospace. Several configurations were

tested: remaining tank capacity, free-surface

inclined angle, vibration, and impact. Bragg

networks were photo-written into optical fibers,

increasing the number of measurement points over

the height of the tank. The prototype also offers

simplified connectors and is low in mass. The R&D

that resulted in the prototype was funded by

France’s National Space Agency (CNES).

“When a nuclear power plant is decom-missioned, radioelement characteriza-tion, a costly and time-consuming pro-cess, must be completed throughout the project. Decommissioning project sites are home to large quantities of radioactive isotopes that emit different types of rays of different energies. Traditional on-site measurement chains cannot fully process the complex gamma-ray spectra produced. Samples must be taken and sent off-site to labs for analysis to fill this gap. These lab services are costly and create delays on the job site.

At the beginning of 2016, Areva joined forces with List to scale-up a software application called Sinbad that can process measurements taken using traditional measurement chains on-site to characterize very complex spectra. The software drastically reduces the number of samples that have to be sent out for lab testing, reducing project costs and delays—something that will really help us stand out from our ‘competitors’!

AREVA. ROGER ABOU-KHALIL, INNOVATION MANAGER

“We can now offer a new service for nuclear decommissioning”

TESTIMONIALDrinking water networks: detecting radiological contaminationAn in-line detection system to

monitor drinking water networks

for beta radiation contamination

was developed and patented as a

result of R&D conducted under an

EU-backed project. The system

is built on a bundle of around

800 scintillating optical fibers,

an electronic circuit board, and

software to process the data.

It can detect activity levels of

300 Bq/liter; the alert threshold

is 1,000 Bq/liter. The system was

tested in the field over a period of

six months and delivered robust

detection despite fluctuating

temperatures and other

potentially-disruptive factors.

Cobots: fast, automated, and robust configurationWe adapted an algorithm originally developed

for the aeronautics industry to improve

cobot command-control system calibration.

The algorithm generates the optimal

command-control configuration from the

outset, slashing the time it takes the engineers

to calibrate the system fivefold. The configuration

generated reduces the apparent inertia by half,

making the cobot more agile without compromising

contact stability. A cobot and cable actuator

were calibrated using the algorithm; two patents

were filed to protect the innovations.

2015HIGH-

LIGHTS


29

Advanced manufacturing Instrumentation and testing

→ Transform X-ray tomography into a non-destructive

testing technique: until now, a fixed X-ray source and

detector have been used to detect an object on a rotating

platform. The X-ray tomography cell developed by List

reverses these roles. The object being inspected is static.

The source and detector, held by two six-axis robots, move

around the object.

AIRCRAFT WINGS AND WIND-TURBINE BLADESThe primary objective was to enable the inspection of

complex or assembled parts and of planar parts (like airplane

wing or wind-turbine blade components) measuring up to 2

m x 2 m. The traditional technique, where the parts to be

inspected are placed on a rotating platform, is only suitable

for parts measuring up to 20 cm x 20 cm x 40 cm.

The second objective was to broaden the range of

available inspection strategies. These included being able

to inspect a part from underneath or from the side in low or

high resolution while avoiding views that would compromise

the results. The ability to make a quick inspection of the

entire part and then return to any questionable areas or zoom

directly in on priority areas was also addressed.

Our researchers modified their tools to suit these

non-standard trajectories. This entailed modeling, comparing,

and validating them. Above all, our researchers developed

new 3D reconstruction algorithms to analyze the images

captured and detect any defects. This advance will open

the door to custom inspection strategies and trajectories

for each type of part.

ROBOTIZED X-RAY TOMOGRAPHY BROADENS RANGE OF INSPECTION STRATEGIES

THE CHALLENGE. Develop

advanced 3D reconstruction

algorithms for non-standard

source and detector trajectories.

APPLICATIONS. Non-destructive

testing of large industrial parts

for the aeronautics, energy,

and other industries.

List developed a robotized X-ray tomography cell whose source and detector move in non-standard trajectories around a static object. This advance will help improve and diversify inspection strategies for large parts.

SCIENTIFIC ADVANCE

30


Composites: deeper insights into laser-generated ultrasoundA model for generating ultrasound in composite materials using laser pulses

was developed for the aeronautics industry to improve the inspection of

large structural elements with complex geometries. The model describes

phenomena like hotspots, ultrasonic wave generation, and the wave

propagation in the material. The model, which does away with the need for

a surface coating that absorbs the laser’s energy, will help reduce the time it

takes to inspect aeronautic structural elements by 30%.

Magnetoresistive sensors improve non-destructive testing (NDT)We developed Eddy-current probes

with magnetoresistive receivers

as part of R&D completed under

the Imagic project. When tested on

buried defects, the probes performed

similarly to commercially-available

probes. The probes’ results were

even better for surface defects

(measuring 30 microns and at

depths of 50 microns) in a block of

titanium. The sensors’ sensitivity

is independent of frequency. Plus,

the sensors’ small size ensures high

spatial resolution. The research is

currently ongoing as part of a Ph.D.

dissertation.

“At Air Liquide, some of our industrial gases are delivered via a complex network, and regular monitoring is a priority. In particular, we need to make sure that our welds remain leak-tight. The conduits are made from materials

like stainless steel that are difficult to inspect and are often buried or insulated, making inspection a challenge.We came to List to find a solution. We are working with List to evaluate three non-destructive testing methods:

high-frequency ultrasonic testing, which is well-suited to the small dimensions of our conduits and the types of defects we need to pinpoint; electromagnetic sensors; and X-ray inspection. The scope of our work with List could be expanded to include testing and requal-ification of our pressurized equipment.”

AIR LIQUIDE. XAVIER TRAVERSAC, MANAGING DIRECTOR, CRYOTECH CENTER

“We improved our gas conduit inspection process”

TESTIMONIAL

Ultrasonic testing for hard-to-access areasList developed a high-frequency

ultrasonic testing method for

leading French electric utility

EDF. The goal was to inspect loss

of thickness due to corrosion

of covered, inaccessible

pipes. The method is based on

quasi-Rayleigh waves, coupling

the alternating propagation

of the waves with conversion

from one mode to the other.

The initial results, obtained on

realistic samples, were very

encouraging: calibrated defects

were successfully detected.

Eddy current testing: new industrial probes simulatedTwo reference industrial probes were

modelled and integrated into CIVA 2016.

The first, Rototest, is used to inspect rivets

on civil aircraft. The second, Pluspoint,

is used to inspect nuclear power plant

steam generator tubes. Modelling the

two probes’ 3D ferrite cores required

substantial research. The advance, which

eliminates the need for users to configure

each element of the probe, moves CIVA

a step closer to offering turnkey

tools accessible to a broader range

of users.

2015HIGH-

LIGHTS

PROJ

ECT


31

Advanced manufacturing Factory of the Future (FoF) | Inspection

32


/ E M B E D D E D S Y S T E M S

34353637

Real-time processing for distributed applicationsDeep neural networks for industrial applications

Simplified command-control systems for the nuclear industry

Formal software verification sees new advances

35 37

Embedded systems are becoming increasingly common in both

professional-grade and consumer products. The safety, security,

reliability, and performance of these systems are crucial.

List is helping improve embedded systems through R&D

addressing design, modelling, computing architectures,

and hardware-software convergence to meet the needs

of the energy, transportation, and telecommunications industries

and for applications like the Internet of Things and smart homes.

List also possesses world-renowned expertise in cybersecurity.

2015 HIGHLIGHTS...

Success stories from our R&D partners:MicroEJ, Fred Rivard, COO

Bureau Veritas, Pierre Besse, Senior Adviser, Innovation and Strategic Alliances


33

Embedded systems

→ Developing collaborative distributed applications is

challenging for experts in a specific field without specialist

knowledge of hard real-time distributed applications or

computing node allocation. Developing these applications

is feasible for applications with a just a few components.

However, when the number of nodes rises to the tens or

hundreds, the complexity of the task is overwhelming.

List came up with the TDDF (Timed Dynamic Data Flow)

computing model to help overcome this challenge.

Proof-of-concept testing was successfully completed on

a connected construction-site application comprised of two

cameras, two autonomous robots, and a distant processor.

Development time was reduced by 70%.

TRANSPARENT SWITCHING BETWEEN NOMINAL AND DOWNGRADED MODES

Developers can now focus on their field-specific know-

how. They simply enter the tasks and their interactions,

which are transformed into a formal description, which is in

turn immediately verified. Automated tools then improve the

representation generated and optimize application execution

and implementation on the available computing nodes.

TDDF also manages all of the uncertainties of distributed

applications, such as latency, connection loss, and computing

center moves. Switches from nominal to downgraded mode

are transparent and secure and meet the requirements

of hard real-time applications. The resulting level of

performance far exceeds what developers can currently

achieve.

DISTRIBUTED APPLICATIONS: A COMPUTING MODEL FOR GUARANTEED REAL-TIME PROCESSING

THE CHALLENGE. Guarantee hard real-time

distributed applications of up to 1,000 nodes.

APPLICATIONS. All collaborative applications

for the Internet of Things in areas like home

automation, security, maintenance, guiding systems,

industrial supervision, and more.

The TDDF computing model makes distributed application developers’ work easier by handling communication, synchronization, and the management of uncertainty.

SCIENTIFIC ADVANCE

Wiring networks: soft faults now detectableA reflectometry-based method

for detecting soft faults in complex

wiring networks was tested and

patented. The method leverages

a selective amplification algorithm

to reveal the signatures of faults

not detectable using traditional

methods. The low-complexity

algorithm is suitable for embedded

systems.

Research to bring the method

to a higher degree of maturity

is ongoing. The method is already

in use on smart connectors at List’s

joint R&D lab with Nicomatic.

2015 HIGH-

LIGHTS

34


Pedestrian detection systems migrated to embedded processorsArcure, which commercializes the Blaxtair line of

pedestrian detection systems for construction machinery,

is moving toward an optimized hardware platform with an

embedded processor. List researchers evaluated several

ARM processors and identified the most suitable one

for Blaxtair. The processor selected was combined with

an FPGA accelerator. The solution was then enhanced

to maintain real-time performance despite the low cost

of the solution. The new product is expected to be released

on the market in 2016.

“Our MicroEJ OS is already capa-ble of developing applications for the Internet of Things faster and cost-effectively. We started working with List in 2015 with the goal of taking our product even further. List’s Papyrus modelling software will let us

describe the application environment with extreme precision. The time it takes our developers to write their specifications—categories, language, libraries—will be reduced drastically. The capacity to model a business process and application will give us

a major differentiator. Ultimately, our customers will be able to cut time-to-market in half, make their products on optimized and more cost-effective hardware, and reuse an application on additional products in the same line.”

MICROEJ. FRED RIVARD, COO

“This will be a major differentiator for our customers”

Model-driven engineering at Plastic OmniumA model-based software and systems engineering method is currently

under development with Plastic Omnium. The future system will replace

the company’s current document-based method. The method under

development leverages List’s Papyrus open-source software and focuses

on systems to effectively treat nitrogen oxide emissions from light

vehicles. Plastic Omnium’s goal is to speed up the design process and

facilitate compliance with industry standards. The company is already

using the method on test projects.

Manycore architecture and mixed criticalityKalray’s MMPA-256 manycore circuit

underwent an initial round of testing at

Safran to determine whether or not it could

execute applications with different criticality

levels, either separately or simultaneously. The results

were encouraging, with acceleration factors of up to

36 for the least-critical applications executed in parallel

to the most-critical. The ultimate goal is to reduce the

number of processors per plane and offer more functions.

Deep neural networks: progress toward industrial applicationsList’s N2D2 high-level exploration, porting,

and synthesis platform is helping the

institute’s industrial R&D partners study

specific applications for deep neural networks.

The platform helps with network and

architecture selection, data management,

and hardware implementation. For example,

a feasibility study for ArcelorMittal resulted

in a 95% fault detection rate on a steel roll-

milling process. Images of several megapixels

were processed in just five seconds.

2015HIGH-

LIGHTS


35

Embedded systems Components and mobility

→ The command-control architectures of tomorrow’s nuclear

reactors will be challenging to design: several thousand

functions must be allocated to around 100 cabinets. With

this level of complexity, there simply is no method that can

immediately generate the perfect solution. Paper drawings

and Excel spreadsheets can no longer do the job.

A PRAGMATIC APPROACH USING TOOLS PROVEN IN INDUSTRIAL ENVIRONMENTSList came up with a pragmatic approach using tools proven

in industrial environments. The approach uses an algorithm

to optimize command-control through a series of iterations

on a given configuration before applying the solutions to a

broader scope.

And it uses automation-system analysis techniques

proven in industrial environments and two of List’s

integrated tools: Papyrus and Diversity.

Papyrus models the command-control functions and

characteristics of physical equipment like cabinets, memory

chips, inputs and outputs, and connections. Diversity then

links the two types of data and completes an analysis, using

a series of iterations to arrive at an overall solution.

The software toolchain was validated on models of a

regulation subsystem provided by EDF and Areva. The tests

revealed an increase in productivity. Validation testing on a

complete command-control system model will be completed

in 2016.

NUCLEAR COMMAND-CONTROL SYSTEMS: A SOLUTION TO OVERCOME COMPLEXITY

THE CHALLENGE. Organize the allocation

of several thousand functions in around

100 command-control cabinets.

APPLICATIONS. Complex-systems

architecture design and, especially, nuclear

command-control systems.

SCIENTIFIC ADVANCE

Traditional design methods will not be able to handle the complexity of the command-control systems of tomorrow’s nuclear reactors. List came up with an original approach to overcome complexity and tested it with EDF and Areva.

36


Thales focuses on formal verification methodsThales set up a joint lab with List in early

2015. The goal was to experiment with

and implement formal verification tools on

the company’s critical-systems applications.

Two topics were addressed during the first

year of the joint lab. First, the verification of

signaling software logic for the rail industry

and, second, proof of the functional properties

of code for several defense applications.

We used List’s battery of tools to develop

approaches suitable for the two cases.

“Currently, software v e r i f i c a t i o n a n d

validation is based on testing, with all of the limitations in-herent to this approach. We are taking advantage of List’s formal verification know-how to achieve a new state of the art that will help us stand out from our competitors.

We are using Frama-C, which has earned international recognition, including in the United States. Our focus is on debugging and verifying compliance with specifications. The approach is both powerful and opera-tionally feasible. Several of our major customers are already interested and we are working

on proof-of-concept testing with them. We will continue to work with List in 2016, shifting our focus to cybersecurity. The partner-ship represents a significant investment for Bureau Veritas, but one that will create excellent opportunities.”

BUREAU VERITAS. PIERRE BESSE, SENIOR ADVISER, INNOVATION AND STRATEGIC ALLIANCES

“A major and promising investment”

Formal tools to inspect and certify softwareA validation and certification method for embedded

command-control software was developed with Bureau

Veritas. The method used Frama-C for deep formal

verification of code, which exceeds the limitations of

a trial-and-error approach. A set of best practices for

software development and validation was published as a

result of the research. The research was also validated on

an actual case study for a marine application.

Critical software: toward automated unit proofUnit proof verification of critical software can be automated

to a large extent. However, the suitability of code for certain

“residue” specifications must be proven in interactive mode

by an expert. A tool to assist with this final step in the unit

proof process is under development with Airbus. The tool

being developed would be used by an engineer and would

recommend strategies to divide the code into residues

that can be proven automatically. It would then archive

the entire process to provide proof. The development should

be transferred to Airbus in 2016.

2015HIGH-

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37

Embedded systems Software and systems

38


A fast, accurate image-search engineMore effective location of gas piping to replace

Augmented reality glasses for industrial operators

Obstacle detection using 3D technology improved

Extracting and transmitting relevant information from the

massive data flows generated by IT systems and the Internet of

Things is a challenge. Running these systems is equally difficult.

Issues like ensuring the security of the data generated using

innovative encryption solutions are crucial.

And vision, geolocation, and augmented reality systems will

need to be successfully combined in innovative human-machine

interfaces to improve our perception of our environment.

List’s ambient intelligent R&D with industrial partners from

transportation, cybersecurity, energy, healthcare, and electronic

document management is addressing these and other issues.

2015 HIGHLIGHTS...

Success stories from our R&D partners:Thales, Philippe Mouttou, VP Early Stage R&D, SIX Global Business Unit

/ A M B I E N T I N T E L L I G E N C E

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39

Ambient intelligence

→ List researchers used a state-of-the-art image recognition

technology—deep learning—to create Semfeat, a set of some

30,000 visual semantic descriptors or “concepts” (car, shoe,

tree, mountain, etc.) that can be interpreted by anybody.

ImageNET, the leading semantic descriptor dataset, contains

just 1,000 concepts.

AN IMAGE, WORDS, AND PROBABILITIESSemfeat calculates the probability of a match between a

given image and the 30,000 concepts in the dataset. For a

search for an image of a cat, for example, the probability of

the “cat” concept being a match is close to 1; the probability

of “dog” being a match is lower, and the probability of a match

is even lower for “car”.

Once Semfeat has done its job, the Elise image search

engine comes in. A user enters in key words or a photo,,

which determine a selection of ten varied descriptors. So,

Elise will come up with “cat” and “fur” rather than “cat” and

“feline”. The engine then goes through millions of images,

calculating the probability of a match for the descriptors.

The semantic-descriptor-based search is faster and more

accurate than traditional similarity calculations that use far

fewer—1,000—concepts. A patent has been filed to protect

the technology, which can also be used to find images similar

to a given image.

IMAGE SEARCH: FAST, ACCURATE IMAGE SEARCH WITH SEMFEAT AND ELISE

THE CHALLENGE. Generate faster, more accurate

image-search results on databases of tens of millions

of images.

APPLICATIONS. Image database management.

The Elise image-search engine, developed by CEA List, uses 30,000 semantic descriptors to search for images in a database. And Elise is faster than traditional image-search engines that use just 1,000 descriptors. The results are also more accurate.

SCIENTIFIC ADVANCE

40


Cars stay connected even in motionFollowing research conducted under the

eCo-FEV project, a world-first technological

advance was achieved to ensure a continuous

internet connection for two Renault Zoe

electric vehicles. The solution’s performance

was demonstrated during the final project

review. The cars were driven on a city and

mountain route with IPv6 access, switching

between 2G, 3G, 4G, and 802.11p cellular

networks as needed. Continuous internet

access gives drivers uninterrupted navigation

assistance to make the most efficient use of

the vehicle battery’s remaining charge.

Frama-C to verify software for IoTSeveral verification techniques were

implemented using the Frama-C source-code

analysis platform to guarantee the properties

of communication software for IoT

applications.

The potential uses targeted span both

professional-grade and consumer

applications in industries like avionics,

telecommunications, and energy.

Frama-C successfully adapted to the broad

range of applications, extremely variable

software criticality levels, and the short

development cycles required to ensure fast

time to market.

More effective location of gas piping to replaceWe used our ExpressIF platform to develop a

decision-assistance software application for

TIGF, a company that specializes in natural gas

delivery. The software will help make better

choices about the sections of pipe to excavate

and replace due to corrosion. This expert,

fuzzy-logic-based system leverages TIGF’s

gas-industry know-how and an analysis

of the company’s excavation log data from

past years. The correct-prediction rate (pipes

excavated that were actually corroded)

increased significantly.

Audio for more reliable context recognitionWe developed a sound-

environment recognition

system based on smartphone

microphones. The technology

developed is used in

combination with an activity-

recognition algorithm;

together they deliver very

good identification of the

user’s overall environment

(environment and activity).

This deep-learning-based

technology was transferred

to Invensense for

further development and

commercialization. A second

R&D project targeting audio is

in progress, this time to detect

snoring and sleep apnea.

2015HIGH-

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41

Ambient intelligence Big Data & iOT

→ “Augmented reality glasses are still bumping up against

technical limitations for use in industrial settings,” said

List’s Sylvie Naudet. “Our area of expertise is the tracking

algorithms. We are working actively to improve every

possible aspect of these algorithms.” Latency, or the time

it takes for the glasses to display a virtual image perfectly

superimposed on the actual scene being viewed, even if the

user is moving, is the first angle of attack.

ALIGNING THE ALGORITHM AND HARDWARETo ensure optimal comfort for the wearer and eliminate

any discomfort caused by delays in displaying the image,

latency has to be reduced to an absolute minimum. Major

improvements to our 3D tracking algorithms have already

been made. To make further improvements, software has to

be implemented as close to component-level as possible. We

are currently putting together R&D projects with glasses

manufacturers to address these issues.

Another challenge is to make sure the algorithm is robust

enough to eliminate disruptions to the displayed image if the

wearer moves or the lighting changes suddenly. We looked

at a solution that entailed integrating a motion sensor (a

gyrometer plus accelerometer) to help the camera maintain

alignment, even in extreme conditions.

List currently has several R&D projects underway

with industrial partners for applications in training, the

automotive industry, and pedestrian navigation systems.

These projects were mature enough for us to present a

demonstrator system at the 2015 Salon de l’Industrie trade

show.

A STEP CLOSER TO AUGMENTED REALITY GLASSES

THE CHALLENGE. Obtain accurate,

responsive, and reliable images for

human vision systems.

APPLICATIONS. Assistance completing

complex precision maintenance and

assembly tasks.

Augmented vision glasses with remote displays are already here. However, augmented reality glasses that superimpose information on the scene being viewed are just now arriving on the market. List is running several R&D projects with industrial partners on this topic.

SCIENTIFIC ADVANCE

42


We are currently the only company in the world to offer a solution that can automatically detect an assault by analyzing video footage. If an assault is detected, a human operator is alerted and decides what action to take. The technology can be used in supervision systems for urban and public transportation security systems and to protect critical infrastructures like power plants, oil and gas refineries,

and airports. We signed several licensing agreements for the technology in 2015. We also integrated a turnkey solution for one of our customers and installed a system for a transportation operator who used it during the Euro 2016 soccer championships. The technology we developed with List has earned us the recognition of other academic research labs we are now working with to develop complementary technologies.”

THALES. PHILIPPE MOUTTOU, VP EARLY STAGE R&D, SIX GLOBAL BUSINESS UNIT

“We have developed a technology unlike anything else available worldwide”

TESTIMONIAL

A biometric sensor for border securityWe helped develop a biometric sensor under the EU-backed project Sniffer. Natural proteins

were genetically modified to more selectively target drugs, explosives, and controlled dangerous

substances. The sensor developed with the proteins has a learning and recognition algorithm

that can identify the chemical signature of any compound. Initial testing results are promising.

The research is ongoing under a separate EU-backed project, this one on the detection of chemicals

in shipping containers.

Retinal implants: Neurocare project wins awardNeurocare, a project backed by the EU FP7,

and the project’s coordinator, Philippe

Bergonzo of List, won the French Ministry

of Research and Higher Education’s 2015

“Etoiles de l’Europe” award. The research

focused on a new generation of retinal,

cochlear, and cortical implants made from

nanocrystalline diamond and graphene, whose

performance surpasses that of traditional

implants. The implants are intended for in

vivo experiments and pharmacological and

electrophysiological research.

Obstacle detection using 3D technology improvedA 3D vision system to detect

obstacles was developed and

transferred to Arcure, a CEA

R&D partner. The system takes

a 3D representation of the

scene and segments it into

local items. Processing times

are just a few milliseconds.

Acquisition testing in

real-world environments

was successful. The system

was able to detect all kinds

of obstacles, regardless

of size, direction, shape,

or density (an issue for

non-solid objects like fencing

panels, for example). A patent

application has been filed.

2015HIGH-

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43

Ambient intelligence Smart sensors

44


/ I O N I Z I N G R A D I AT I O N F O R H E A LT H C A R E

An accurate, compact X-ray source model

Radiotherapy: toward more accurate calibrationImproved high-intensity focused ultrasound therapy with CIVA

Advances in calibration, metrology, instrumentation, simulation,

radiotherapy and X-ray imaging are driving the emergence of new

solutions for tomorrow’s personalized medicine. These solutions

will in turn make it possible to offer more innovative, effective

treatments that are safer for both patients and caregivers.

List works with all radiotherapy stakeholders, from equipment

and drug manufacturers and treatment centers to research

scientists and regulatory authorities. Our Doseo platform

offers targeted resources in metrology, training,

and R&D for radiotherapy and medical imaging applications.

2015 HIGHLIGHTS...

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45

Ionizing radiation for healthcare

→ The golden rule in radiotherapy, medical imaging, and

radiation protection is that all delivered-dose calculation

software must include a numerical model that describes the

physical characteristics of the X-ray source.

And the model must be very precise, which means huge

volumes of data. For example, phase-space files (PSF) for

a linear radiotherapy accelerator take up 1 TB to 2 TB of

memory. List researchers successfully reduced the required

storage space by a factor of 10,000.

DESCRIBE CORRELATIONS RATHER THAN PARTICLES

The drastic reduction in data was achieved by using a

new X-ray source model. Instead of individually describing

each particle from the beam, the model represents the

characteristics of populations of particles and all of the

correlations between energy distribution, position, and

direction. This is accomplished using histograms whose sizes

are modified depending on the complexity of the function to

be represented.

In addition, Polya trees were used to smooth out the noise

present in the histograms.

The model was successfully tested. A 100 MB histogram

(with 4 dimensions and 64 channels per dimension) was used

to generate dose calculations that were as accurate as those

produced by a 1 TB PSF model.

The model can now be integrated into dose calculation

software currently under development. A patent was filed

to protect the innovation. A project funded by France’s

National Research Agency (ANR) is focusing on using the

model for imaging.

AN ACCURATE, COMPACT X-RAY SOURCE MODEL

THE CHALLENGE. Develop an accurate

X-ray source model compact enough

to be hosted on a PC.

APPLICATIONS. Dose calculation

for radiotherapy, medical imaging,

and radiation protection.

The new X-ray source model developed by CEA List is just as accurate as but 10,000 times more compact than the usual irradiators. It can be hosted right on a PC, making it extremely simple for radiotherapy treatment centers to use.

SCIENTIFIC ADVANCE

46


Liver cancer: brachytherapy becomes more preciseInoperable liver cancers are treated by vectorized

internal radiation therapy. Yttrium-90-labelled

microspheres are injected into the tumor. LNHB

(France’s national radiation metrology lab)

developed the world’s first

primary calibrator, reducing

by 5% to 10% the uncertainties

of Australia-based Sirtex’s

resin microsphere activity.

The calibrator will enable

doctors to use quantitative

imaging to more accurately

measure the activity injected

into the tumor. The research

was conducted under the

EU-backed MetroMRT project.

esprimed to calibrate hospital activimeters List signed a licensing

agreement with esprimed

for the institute’s on-site

activimeter calibration

know-how. The activimeters

are used by hospital nuclear

medicine departments.

Hospitals are using

increasing numbers of

radionuclides, especially

for medical imaging, and

are required to have their

activimeters calibrated

periodically. List will train

esprimed’s staff and supply

the company with certain

equipment in 2016. esprimed

plans to start offering on-site

calibration services in 2017.

More accurate calibration for radiotherapyLNHB (France’s national

radiation metrology lab)

developed a water calorimeter

to calibrate radiotherapy

equipment directly according

to the absorbed dose to water.

The calorimeter reduces

the standard uncertainty of

the dose flow rate to 0.8%,

down from the 3.6% achieved

with air kerma calibration.

The reduced uncertainty will

give healthcare practitioners

more leeway to safely

adjust the doses delivered

to patients. The water

calorimeter is already being

used as a primary calibration

instrument at several

treatment centers.

CIVA used for high-intensity focused ultrasound therapy

CIVA has been proven useful and effective for

the medical industry. INSERM evaluated and

implemented a CIVA simulation model developed

specifically for high-intensity ultrasound (HIFU)

therapy. A project backed by the French National

Research Agency (ANR) immediately followed.

The project is being conducted in partnership

with EDAP-TMS, France’s leading provider of

HIFU systems for urology. The goal is to develop a

simulation tool that will give healthcare practitioners

treating prostate cancer the thermal dose delivered

to the tumor.

New high-energy radiation protection reference transferred to industrial partnerWe developed a new primary reference for

high-energy photons (around 6 MeV) that will make

it possible to calibrate environmental dosimetry

measurement equipment used in the exposure

monitoring of occupational radiation workers

in industry and healthcare. List transferred

the reference to Arcane, a company specializing

in dosimeter calibration. Arcane was able to reduce

from 14% to 3% the dose flow rate uncertainty of its

photon beams.

2015HIGH-

LIGHTS


47

Ionizing radiation for healthcare Dosimetry and modelling

/ C E A L I S T O R G C H A R T

Director: Philippe Watteau

Associate Director, General Affairs:

Etienne Garderet

Communications Department:

Elisabeth Lefèvre-Remy

Administration and Finance Department:

Philippe Lecestre

Associate Director, Programs:

Jean-Marc Alexandre

Associate Director, Sales:

Laurent Disdier

Associate Director, Scientific Research:

Jean-Noël Patillon

Associate Director, Europe:

Gregorio Ameyugo

DACLEEmbedded Software

and Architecture Development Department:

Thierry Collette

DILSSoftware and Systems Engineering Department:

François Terrier

DIASIAmbient Intelligence

and Interactive Systems Department:

François Gaspard

DISCImaging and Simulation

for Testing and Inspection Department:

Clarisse Poidevin

DM2IMetrology, Instrumentation

and Information Department:

Mehdi Gmar

In 2015 LNHB (France’s national radiation metrology

lab) was integrated into the DM2I department.

48



49

CEA LIST org chart

50



51

CONTACT

CEA List: [email protected], +33 1 69 08 25 01

http://www-list.cea.fr

http://www.youtube.com/user/CEALISTinstitute

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