Activity 1: Coordinating Conjunctions

Ex: The librarian gave Harry the new book.Harry read the book that same night. [and]

:: The Librarian gave Harry the new book, and Harry read it that same night.

Ex: Mount Washington in New Hampshire can be a dangerous place to climb. [;]Each year several climbers die on its slope.

:: Mount Washington in New Hampshire can be a dangerous place to climb; each year several climbers die on its slopes.

DIRECTIONS: Using the model sentences above as a guide, combine on a separate sheet of paper the following pairs of sentences into one sentence. Use the coordinating conjunction or the semicolon shown in parentheses beside the sentences to combine them. If you need to refresh your memory about coordinating conjunctions, turn back to pages 64-65.

1. David gave away his stamp collection. [and]

He got rid of his coins.

2. The grain shipment had to be sent. [or]

There would be much starving in the provinces.

3. The temperature was five degrees below normal in February. [so]

Home heating bills rose by fifteen percent.

4. The night was extremely cold. [;]

Frost covered the windowpanes.

5. The pond was stocked with trout in April. [for]

The supply of fish was down last year.

6. I enjoyed reading the book. [but]

My friend disliked the violence in some of the scenes.

7. Lying around on the beach in the summer is certainly fun. [yet]

Too much sun can harm one's skin.

8. He has not learned his lines. [nor]

He has not attended any of the rehearsals.

9. The thief jumped over the fence. [;]

The police officer quickly followed in pursuit.

10. Michael could not aim the heavy bowling ball. [nor]

He could not roll it the full length of the alley.

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Activity 2: Conjunctive AdverbsNote: The semicolon [;] is used in each of the following sentences.EX: Try to get home for dinner.

Your dinner will be cold.:: Try to get home for dinner; otherwise, your dinner will be cold.

DIRECTIONS: Using the model sentence above as a guide, combine on a separate sheet of paper the following pairs of sentences. Use the conjunctive adverb shown in the parentheses beside the sentences to combine them into one sentence.

1. The Academy Awards television show was too long.

The major awards came very late in the program. [moreover]

2. Swimming laps in a pool is very tiring.

It is boring to count as you swim. [besides]

3. Making your own bread is very time consuming.

Homemade bread has a great taste. [however]

4. I am running late right now.

I would help you on those algebra problems. [otherwise]

5. Sandra has received several speeding tickets.

The Registry of Motor Vehicles has delayed her license renewal for 30 days. [consequently]

6. The sky was heavily overcast last night.

James and Jill were unable to see the meteor shower. [therefore]

7. Jenny, the centerfielder, threw the ball to home plate.

The runner on first base ran to second. [meanwhile]

8. Wanda returned the wallet to the storeowner.

She received a reward of five dollars. [subsequently]

9. Joel misplaced his new sweater.

He had nothing for warmth that evening. [thus]

10. Greg could not afford the model airplane.

He bought some small rockets. [instead]

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Activity 3: Subordinating ConjunctionsEX: The weather report incorrectly predicted sun and high temperatures today.

We all shivered in our shirtsleeves at the game. [because]:: Because the weather report incorrectly predicted sun and high temperatures today, we all shivered in our shirt sleeves at the game.

EX: We had a small house on the edge of a cliff.The heavy rains washed it over the edge. [until]

:: We had a small house on the edge of a cliff until the heavy rains washed it over the edge.

DIRECTIONS: Using the preceding model sentences as a guide, combine on a separate sheet of paper the following pairs of sentences. Use the subordinating conjunction shown in the parentheses beside the sentences to combine them into one sentence. If the idea of lesser importance goes first, be sure to separate the two sentences with a comma.

1. The band conductor looked angry.

The trumpeter played the wrong notes. [when]

2. John must arrive in his homeroom on time tomorrow morning.

He will be spending an hour in detention. [unless]

3. The reporter misunderstood the speakers at the meeting.

The article in the newspaper contained many factual errors. [because]

4. The price of the toy has gone up.

Fewer stores want to carry the item. [since]

5. We had false fire alarms daily in the school.

The principal caught a boy in the act of pulling the lever. [until]

6. The mudslide occurred.

The embankment had little foliage. [where]

7. New Englanders are used to cold weather.

The predictions of subzero temperatures alarm them. [even though]

8. I am not cleaning our bedroom.

You read the sports magazine. [while]

9. The blizzard struck our town.

My family bought a snowblower. [before]

10. I will explain the civics assignment.

You will help me with the math. [if]

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Activity 4: Connectives Establishing the Relationship of Addition

DIRECTIONS: On a separate sheet of paper, combine the two sentences in each pair below into one sentence. Choose connectives discussed in the previous exercises. Use as many different ones as you can.

1. Fifty-dollars is the prize for the best essay.

The winner will have lunch with the governor.

2. Henry won the Golden Gloves championship.

He retired from boxing.

3. The hotel will serve breakfast at 8 o'clock.

The tour will begin an hour later.

4. The restaurant was famous for its strawberry cheesecake.

The carrot cake was a favorite.

5. Susan washed the dishes.

Ralph put them away.

6. The ship had a cargo of furniture.

It carried crates of breakable goods.

7. The Bronx Zoo is famous for its ape collection.

It has one of the best reptile houses in the country.

8. I do not feel like having company this afternoon.

I must pack for the trip tomorrow.

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Activity 5: Connectives Establishing the Relationship of Contrast or Contradiction

DIRECTIONS: On a separate sheet of paper, combine the two sentences in each group into one sentence. Choose from the connectives discussed above. Use as many different connectives as you can. In some cases, either of the two sentences can be placed first.

1. The stores at the new mall are certainly crowded.Most of us really enjoy shopping there.

2. Jack has a lot of homework.He went to the hockey game.

3. Enthusiastic crowds greeted Joan everywhere.She was doubtful about winning the election.

4. He had climbed many of the world's highest mountains.He had no intention of going up Mount Rainier.

5. The director offered Tony the lead role in the school play.He wanted a minor part.

6. There were great bargains at the Acme supermarket yesterday.Louise bought her groceries at a local store.

7. Wolves can be heard howling in the woods at night.Not one has been seen by the townspeople.

8. I drink root beer most of the time.I enjoy an occasional glass of iced tea in the summer.

9. Michelle has a large vocabulary.She does not enjoy crossword puzzles.

10. The author's first book was a great success.He has not written a popular book since.

11. There was a dictionary at the student's elbow.He misspelled several words in the essay.

12. She was extremely shy.She asked him to the concert.

13. The swimming team could have practiced on Saturday.The coach gave us the weekend off.

14. The American ice dancers were really quite graceful.They did not win a medal at the Winter Olympics.

15. Our car had a flat tire on the way to the airport.We reached the terminal in plenty of time for the flight.

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Relationship of Cause (or Reason) and Effect (or Result)

MODEL SENTENCES (not an exercise)In the model sentences below, you will find two compound sentences connected by coordinating conjunctions (so, for), five compound sentences connected by conjunctive adverbs (conse quently, therefore, thus, hence, and accordingly), and three complex sentences connected by subordinating conjunctions (because, as, since, in order that, and so that). Although the connectives all establish a similar relationship between ideas, they have precise distinctions in their meanings that you should understand. Read each sentence carefully to determine the relationship the connectives have in common.

1. Bruce liked science fiction, so he spent much of his spare time reading books by Asimov.

2. Henry cleaned up his room, for he could not stand the mess any longer.

3. Susan knew the answer to the math problem today because her mother had helped her with her

homework last night.

orBecause her mother had helped her with her homework last night, Susan knew the answer to the math

problem today.

4. He outlined his ideas in order that he might do well at the interview for the job.

5. She packed her suitcase before going to bed so that she would not be rushed in the morning.

orSo that she would not be rushed in the morning, she packed her suitcase before going to bed.

6. Julia talked for over an hour on the phone to her friend; consequently, her father was unable to call home.

7. The new shoes were almost one size too small; therefore, I have blisters on both my heels.

8. We have not had any rain all summer; thus, last week the mayor restricted the use of water until further

notice.

9. Winds have been blowing out of Canada lately; hence, the winter has been extremely cold.

10. The cost of services in the town increased; accordingly, the tax rate rose.

11. The students applauded the soprano as she had sung so beautifully.

12. Since you have finished your work, you may go home.

THE RELATIONSHIP THAT THE UNDERLINED CONNECTIVES ESTABLISH BETWEEN TWO IDEAS IS ONE OF CAUSE (OR REASON) AND EFFECT (OR RESULT).

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Activity 6: Connectives Establishing the Relationship of Cause and EffectDIRECTIONS: On a separate sheet of paper, combine the two sentences in each pair into one sentence. Choose from the connectives discussed on page 6. In some cases, either of the two sentences can be placed first. Use each of the model connectives at least once.1. Jack led the team in home runs.

He was the team's most valuable player.

2. Sheila received all A's this year on her report card.

She became a member of the National Honor Society.

3. The track was muddy.

The winning horse did not break the track record.

4. Carl had an upset stomach.

He did not win the hot dog eating contest.

5. Joan's frog had the longest legs.

It easily won the jumping contest.

6. I enjoy professional wrestling.

The wrestlers are so comical.

7. Waldo had never arm-wrestled before in his life.

He lost the opening match.

8. Sandra was not used to her new skateboard.

She fell off it on the first steep turn.

9. I went to Mr. Icarus for lessons.

He is a famous hang-gliding expert.

10. Randy liked to fly his kite on a windy day.

His kite would soar into the sky.

11. Mary has exercised constantly.

Her team won the tug-of-war easily.

12. James won the log rolling championship.

He had learned fancy footwork in Mr. George's dance class.

13. There was a great deal of violence at the roller derby last week.

Mrs. Ryan's children cannot ever again watch that race on TV.

14. Al's dad put a pool table in his den last year.

No one can compete with Al in the latest Boys Club Tournament.

15. The television poll showed no audience interest in trash sports.

The television producer stopped reporting such items.

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Relationship of AlternativesMODEL SENTENCES (not an exercise)

The three model sentences below are compound and use two coordinating conjunctions (or, nor) and one conjunctive adverb (otherwise). Determine the relationship the connectives have in common. Also note that nor is different from or and otherwise .

1. The gym is not open for students after school, nor will any time be provided during the evenings.

2. Janice will help with the cooking of the dinner, or she will take part in the cleanup afterwards.

3. Set your alarm clock an hour early for tomorrow; otherwise, you will miss the bus for the class outing.

THE RELATIONSHIP THAT THE UNDERLINED CONNECTIVES ESTABLISH BETWEEN THE TWO IDEAS IS ONE OF ALTERNATIVES.

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Activity 7: Connectives Establishing the Relationship of AlternativesDIRECTIONS: Combine on a separate sheet of paper the two sentences in each group into one sentence. Choose connectives discussed on page 8.

1. He must practice the piano every day.

His mother will not give him an allowance.

2. The day's picnic along the river was a disappointment.

The dance that night was not any better.

3. She had to buy some cereal and milk for breakfast.

There would be nothing to eat.

4. Ron was not pleased about wearing his tie.

He was not overjoyed about the sports jacket.

5. It had better be sunny tomorrow.

There will be no class-day outing this year.

6. You must keep the dog chained up.

It will follow you to school.

7. A solid week of research is a "must."

The report will be a failure.

8. Clara had not memorized the piano accompaniment.

Clara could not sight-read the music.

9. A poinsettia must remain in darkness during the fall.

The leaves will not turn red.

10. The coach was not pleased with the team's defense.

He did not like the clumsiness of the offense.

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Relationship of ConditionMODEL SENTENCES (not an exercise)

The underlined connectives in the following model sentences establish a similar relationship between the two ideas they combine. Read each model sentence carefully and determine the relationship the connectives in the eight complex sentences have in common. Note also that the connectors are subordinating conjunctions.

1. If we place the statue just inside the front door, it will attract the attention of all the visitors.

2. You look as if you have not slept for several days.

3. Isabella acted as though she had already won the election.

4. Although the man was not playing his stereo loudly, his neighbor still called the police. (concessive)

5. Even though Virginia did not tell the secret to anyone, all her classmates knew what had happened.

(concessive)

6. Unless Susan shares her ice cream with Michael, he will not give her any more gum.

7. Even if I do not get a reward, I will turn in the wallet to the principal.

8. Although William reworked the combination, the lock did not open.

Special case: When the idea following if is contrary to fact, there is a change in the verbs in both sections of the sentence. For example:

a. I was a Martian (I am not one, so this is contrary to fact). b. I will not have to follow your rules.

becomesIf I were a Martian, I would not have to follow your rules.

THE RELATIONSHIP THAT THE UNDERLINED CONNECTIVES ESTABLISH BETWEEN TWO IDEAS IS ONE OF CONDITION.

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Activity 8: Connectives Establishing the Relationship of Condition

DIRECTIONS: Combine on a separate sheet of paper the two sentences in each group into one sentence. Choose from the connectives discussed on page 10. In some cases either sentence can be placed first. Reverse the parts if you can. Use each of the connectives at least once.

1. She will join the hospital staff.She passes the medical entrance exam.

2. James will not write the term paper.Lucy types it.

3. The French teacher will not participate in the class trip.There are other chaperones.

4. The stereo headphones will not damage your hearing.The volume remains at a reasonable level.

5. The old man acted strangely.He did not know where he was.

6. The quarterback did not have a good game.He threw three touchdown passes in the fourth quarter of the game.

7. The Civil Defense official should not have signaled the all-clear.There was no longer any emergency.

8. The lead actor performed the part.He did not personally like the character.

9. I am looking forward to the concert.I will not enjoy the noisy audience around me.

10. Jimmy does not believe in ghosts.He avoids walking near the graveyard.

11. Olivia does not enjoy card games.She wins.

12. The official can process the passport.Lucy obtains a copy of her birth certificate.

13. Joan tuned up her car only last week.Its engine still stalls.

14. I will not be able to visit my uncle this summer.I would like to.

15. The Health Department gives flu shots to all students.The disease will continue to spread.

16. I was king of the earth.I would stop all wars.

17. The company lowers its prices.I cannot afford the jacket.

18. The fans urged on the players.The team lost the crucial game.

19. The play started very late.We will miss the entire first scene.

20. The road construction makes the traffic too heavy.I have an alternative route to the restaurant.

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Activity 9: Connectives Establishing the Relationship of TimeDIRECTIONS: Combine on a separate sheet of paper the two sentences in each group into one sentence. Choose from the connectives listed below. In some cases, either clause can be placed first. Use each of the listed connectives at least once.Conjunctive Adverbs: meanwhile, subsequently, then, now, thereafter, eventually, presentlySubordinating Conjunctions: before, until, when, as soon as, after, whenever, while, since, as

1. You mix the ingredients for the muffins.You should turn the oven on.

2. Jill will receive her allowance.She completes her chores for the week.

3. The parents left the airport.Their son boarded the jet.

4. He would not wear his new cowboy boots.His friends made fun of them.

5. Mother goes to an exercise class.Dan wears out his index finger on the TV remote control.

6. Anne's young brother baby-sat her twins.She ran to the store.

7. Adriane's cat left the house.The neighbor's dog charged across the yard.

8. You push a button on the wall.Steam pours out from three vents on the floor.

9. Henry moved into his own apartment in the big city.He discovered the meaning of loneliness.

10. The rubbish will remain in the kitchen.You take it out.

11. He still did not understand the features of the new tape deck.The salesperson had patiently demonstrated them.

12. They promoted Ellen at the bank.She can afford the patio furniture.

13. The girl did not have breakfast.She had her tonsils out.

14. A fire raged across that valley last summer.The whole area looks desolate.

15. She always parks her car illegally.She will get a parking ticket.

16. You cable-stitch for three rows.You resume the normal knitting pattern.

17. The hero of the story committed a crime in his childhood.He led the life of a model citizen.

18. Ron won a part in the chorus.He learned some complicated dance steps.

19. We stayed inside the ski lodge.The storm finally ended.

20. He is carefully checking the damage to the car.He will call the repair shop.

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Activity 10: Connectives Establishing the Relationship of Place

DIRECTIONS: Combine on a separate sheet of paper the two sentences in each group into one sentence. Choose connectives that establish the relationship of place. There are only two: where and wherever. Make sure you use both connectives in the exercise.

1. The family camped.

There were electrical hookups for the trailer.

2. There are only a few countries.

Cricket is a popular sport.

3. Crab grass springs up.

The landowner does not spread fertilizer on his or her lawn.

4. Ben Franklin was an honored person.

He traveled in Europe.

5. There is one section of the newspaper.

A person would look for information about jobs.

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Activity 11: Cued Connectives

Now that you have learned the various relationships that connectives establish, you should be able to combine the following sentence pairs correctly using the cues provided.

DIRECTIONS: Combine on a separate sheet of paper the following pairs of sentences into one sentence. Use the appropriate connective that establishes the type of relationship described in the parentheses at the right of each pair of sentences.

1. My brother is afraid of heights.He sometimes flies on airplanes. (Condition)

2. Millicent did not do her English homework assignmentShe skipped English class. (Cause & Effect)

3. James bought a better pair of ski boots.His feet wouldn't freeze this winter. (Purpose)

4. Vermont is a place.You can find plenty of colorful foliage in the fall. (Place)

5. You have done all your homework this term.You will fail the course because of your test grades. (Contrast)

6. I began dialing the number on the phone.A strange sound came from the receiver. (Time)

7. Mrs. Robinson took a long vacation.Her health did not improve. (Contrast)

8. We had difficulty observing the speed limit on the highway.So many vehicles were speeding. (Cause & Effect)

9. Most stores in the shopping mall usually give free lollipops.Some store managers refuse to participate in the giveaway. (Contrast)

10. We stopped the car.The traffic light had turned red. (Cause & Effect)

11. I can drive the car tonight.You wash it first. (Condition)

12. The political hostages received threats from the guards.The protestors outside the building jeered. (Addition)

13. Toss the ball higher into the air to connect for the serve.You will hit the ball into the net. (Alternative)

14. You're going upstairs.Please get my jacket out of my bedroom. (Condition)

15. The workbook had all the answers in it already.Jamie did all the questions correctly. (Cause & Effect)

16. Spread a drop cloth on the floor.You paint the windowsill. (Time)

17. Joan listened carefully to her teacher's directions.She successfully completed a V-turn on the narrow street. (Cause & Effect)

18. The middle-aged man could not find his wallet. He did not have any change in his pocket to phone for help. (Alternative)

19. Find the new glasses.You set the table for dinner. (Time)

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Activity 12: Filling in the Blanks

Two brief passages follow. In each there are blank spaces. Copy the passages on a separate sheet of paper, supplying the appropriate coordinate conjunction, subordinate conjunction, or conjunctive adverb for each blank space. The word chosen to fill each of the spaces should make clear the relationship between ideas in the sentence. In some cases, more than one choice may be possible. Be prepared to explain your selection.AI'm really looking forward to high school, which I will be attending two years from now. I have some idea what it will be like (1) _____ Jimmy, my brother, is in the ninth grade. He got a two-dollar raise in his allowance on the first day of school, (2) _____ he stays up now until 11:00 p.m. The high school teachers spend a lot of time telling him how much harder the work is now, (3) _____ they don't call home or make him stay after school (4) _____ he is a day late on an assignment. Anyway, he gets his work done in less time than he used to last year.

The dances are more exciting (5) _____ the bands play louder (6) _____ the musicians play with more spirit and class. Sports are a challenge. The juniors and seniors provide terrific competition; (7) _____, they help the freshmen in order to improve the overall team. I guess what I am really looking forward to is the mood of high school. (8) _____ I am with older kids, I can't help feeling more like an adult myself.

There may be more responsibility; (9) _____ there will be more freedom as well. Jimmy is already talking about getting his driver's permit next year, (10) _____ soon he'll be looking for a part-time job. Well, so much for dreaming. I've got to do the dishes, finish my sentence-combining exercises, and work out some math problems (11) _____ I can watch the basketball game before I go to bed.

BMagic, the first pet we owned, was the kind of dog you couldn't help but love. (1) _____ Magic's full name was Claymore Black Magic III, we called her Madge for short. She was given that long and fancy name by the professional dog trainer from whom we bought her. This man lived out in the country (2) _____ there were plenty of open fields for his Labrador Retrievers to play. The Labrador is a large, short-haired dog known for its intelligence and gentleness. (3) _____ Labradors can swim and carry soft things in their mouths without damaging them, hunters often use them to fetch the ducks they have shot down.The first day we visited Madge at her home in the country, she and her mother came running up to us ready to play. Labradors are known to enjoy playing with young children (4) _____ both Madge and her mother allowed the five of us to crowd around them, hang around their necks, and pet them. (5) _____ we arrived the next time to buy Madge and to take her to our home, she acted much differently. (6) _____ Madge's mother came running to greet us, Madge hid behind a couch and wouldn't come out when her master called her. She acted (7) _____ she knew we had come to take her away.

After a few months, however, Madge got used to life at our house. She was very obedient, gentle, and lively. Like a playful kitten, she would come over to anyone sitting in the living room, lift a hand up with her nose, and flip it up onto her head (8) _____ the person would pet her. The greatest test of Madge's kindness came (9) _____ my youngest brother, Jeffy, was born. All dogs are jealous of newborn babies (10) _____ Madge was no exception. (11) _____ Jeffy came home from the hospital, Madge got very restless and would pace around the house (12) _____ she heard the baby cry or make noises. When Jeffy began to crawl, he would tease the dog by rolling over her, pulling her tail, or poking her in the eyes. (13) _____ Madge would get angry, she never snarled or snapped at Jeff. She would simply stand up and walk to another room. '

One day Madge probably saved Jeffy from a serious injury. My mother was home alone with Jeffy and the dog. The three of them were upstairs (14) _____ my mother was making beds. (15) _____ my mother was busy working, Jeffy wandered over to the top of a long flight of stairs. Just as he was about to fall down the stairs head first, Madge walked over and, with her teeth, grabbed the back of Jeffy's shirt to pull him to safety.

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Activity 13: Activity Without CuesBy now, you should not need cues to combine two sentences. (We gave you a hint for each combination in the Cued Activity.) Combine the pairs of sentences in the exercise below into one sentence. Choose the connecting word that correctly establishes the relationship between the two parts. On a separate sheet of paper, combine the pairs of sentences into one sentence; then indicate the function of the connecting word you have chosen. 1. Sam went on a diet.

Even his friends made fun of his weight.

2. He was a smart young man.

He went to his family doctor for advice about dieting.

3. Doctor Claymore gave Sam a physical examination.

Doctor Claymore gave him a list of well-balanced meals.

4. Sam stuck to the diet.

He would take inches off his waist.

5. Sam must cut down on food.

Sam must start some daily exercises.

6. The young man began following his doctor's advice.

His parents, Mr. and Mrs. Stern, helped by removing all sweets from the house.

7. Mr. and Mrs. Stern had not believed in their son's willpower.

They would have left the desserts in their home.

8. A few days later Sam was still eating less.

He stopped losing weight.

9. The doctor gave Sam encouragement.

Sam felt discouraged.

10. The young man was not enjoying the exercising.

He was bothered by the long periods of time between meals.

11. He was unhappy.

His disposition grew sulky.

12. Everything bothered him.

His best friend complained about his behavior.

13. Sam experienced a moment of triumph.

He was finally able to add a new hole to his belt.

14. Mr. and Mrs. Stern were proud of their son's willpower.

They still kept the desserts out of the house.

15. The young man had proven his determination.

His friends treated him with respect.16

Activity 14: Combining Ideas in a NarrativeSo far in this unit, you have determined the relationship between pairs of sentences. Now you must do something more difficult. The following is a complete story. All clues have been removed, and the sentences are not listed in pairs. In order to create an effective paragraph, combine those sentences that you feel can be joined by conjunctives. In some cases, more than two sentences can be combined. You may add more information if you want. Compare your finished paragraphs with those of other students, and notice the differences in interpretation.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------The blizzard during the winter of 1978 crippled New England.

People found themselves stuck in their houses for days.

They became grouchy and restless.

They had" cabin fever."

Newspaper experts claimed cures for this disease.

TV commentators documented the illness.

One of my neighbors suffered badly from cabin fever.

This man spent a great deal of time shoveling his driveway. He freed his car from the snow.

There was nowhere for him to drive.

The city had not plowed the streets.

I, too, had cabin fever.

I picked up the receiver on the phone.

I wanted to call a friend.

There was no dial tone.

Many of the town's telephone wires had fallen down.

We had no phone service for at least three days.

Not everyone caught cabin fever.

Some people had too many problems.

In some areas of town, homes were flooded.

In some areas of town, roofs of homes caved in.

In some areas of town, electricity was cut off.

In some areas of town, belongings were damaged. Repairing homes would be difficult for some.

There was time, energy, and the desire to complete the project.

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Governor Michael Dukakis outlawed driving in the Boston area.

Panic mounted for those with cabin fever.

Some chose to drive anyway.

These drivers did not go very far.

The police enforced the driving ban.

There was a shortage of bread and milk just after the blizzard.

People filled their refrigerators with milk and bread.

People feared the stores would run out of supplies.

The radio warned against buying and hoarding.

After a few days of confinement, many "cabin fever" people fled outdoors.

I took several long walks.

The whole scene was unusual.

Gigantic snow mounds were frightening.

The streets looked like mountain trails.

People dragged groceries home on their sleds.

They chatted with strangers on the streets.

Cabin fever was at its height.

It would not decrease.

The snow finally began to melt.

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