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Research activities at research group of Applied Chemistry and Process Chemistry LuTek Final Seminar 9.5.2012 Pekka Tynjälä, PhD

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Page 1: activities at research group of Chemistry and Process ... · 05/09/2012  · fuels in existing combustion engines •Higher alcohols can be distributed via the existing pipelines

Research

activities

at research

group

of  Applied

Chemistry

and Process

Chemistry

LuTek

Final

Seminar

9.5.2012

Pekka Tynjälä, PhD

Page 2: activities at research group of Chemistry and Process ... · 05/09/2012  · fuels in existing combustion engines •Higher alcohols can be distributed via the existing pipelines

Content of the presentation

• Advanced

catalytic

oxidation

processes

in  (waste)water

treatment

• Research

on lithium‐ion

battery

chemicals

and chemical

precipitation

• Catalytic

conversion

of biomass to fuels

and  valuables

Page 3: activities at research group of Chemistry and Process ... · 05/09/2012  · fuels in existing combustion engines •Higher alcohols can be distributed via the existing pipelines

Advanced

catalytic

oxidation processes

in (waste)water

treatment

Pt/Al2O3

Pt/CeO2 Al2O3

Pt/ZrO2 CeO2

Page 4: activities at research group of Chemistry and Process ... · 05/09/2012  · fuels in existing combustion engines •Higher alcohols can be distributed via the existing pipelines

Advanced

catalytic

oxidation processes

in (waste)water

treatment

• Researchers

in our

group:

M.Sc. (Chem.) Hanna RunttiM.Sc. (Eng.) Laura RahikkaM.Sc. (Chem.) Tero LuukkonenM.Sc. (Chem.) Emma TolonenM.Sc. (Chem.) Anne Heponiemi

• Senior researchers:D.Sc. Pekka TynjäläD.Sc.  Jaakko Rämö

(advisor)

D.Sc. Tauno Kuokkanen (advisor)PhD

Sylvain

Keav

(advisor)

Ass

prof

Rachid

Brahmi

(advisor)

Prof. Ulla Lassi

• Main projects

on that

topic

:

Moniwater/Tekes

Valokata/Tekes

AOPI/Academy of Finland, 2012‐2016

Teollisuuden jätevesien käsittely, 2009‐2012

Several

projects

with

industry

Page 5: activities at research group of Chemistry and Process ... · 05/09/2012  · fuels in existing combustion engines •Higher alcohols can be distributed via the existing pipelines

Advanced

oxidation

processes

in  water/wastewater

treatment

• Industrial

collaboration: Cabb

Oy (Kemfine), Kemira,  Snellman, Eskopuu, UPM‐Kymmene, Stora Enso, JP Analysis, 

Yara, Sachtleben

Pigments, PAC Solution, Rautaruukki,  Outokumpu, Talvivaara, Keliber, Gasek, Arizona Chemical

etc.

• Some

significant

references:

Heponiemi et al., (2011) Topics

in Catal. 54: 1034‐1041.

Luukkonen et al., (2012) PowerPlant

Chemistry

14(2): 112‐119.

Heponiemi & Lassi, (2012) Advanced

oxidation

processes

in  industry, accepted

for publication.

Rahikka et al. (2012) Ce‐Zr

mixed

oxides

in the catalytic

wet

air  oxidation, manuscript.

Page 6: activities at research group of Chemistry and Process ... · 05/09/2012  · fuels in existing combustion engines •Higher alcohols can be distributed via the existing pipelines

Research

on  lithium‐ion

battery

chemicals

and

chemical

precipitation

Page 7: activities at research group of Chemistry and Process ... · 05/09/2012  · fuels in existing combustion engines •Higher alcohols can be distributed via the existing pipelines

Akkumateriaalien  tutkimusinfrastruktuurin  kehittäminen (AKKU)

Page 8: activities at research group of Chemistry and Process ... · 05/09/2012  · fuels in existing combustion engines •Higher alcohols can be distributed via the existing pipelines

Tavoitteet (1)

Rakentaa ja käyttöönottaa akkukemikaalien tutkimusympäristö

(sähkökem. ominaisuudet)

(2) Tutkimuslaboratorion toiminnan käynnistäminen(3) Litiumklusteri‐innovaatioympäristön toimintaedellytysten 

parantaminen ja yhteistyön tiivistäminen(4) Alueen akkuteknologia‐

ja materiaaliosaamisen lisääminen

(5) Tutkimuslaitos‐teollisuus‐yhteistyön vahvistaminen(6) Luoda edellytykset kansallisesti ja kansainvälisesti 

kilpailukykyiselle akkukemikaalien tutkimus‐

ja tuotekehitys‐toiminnalle Keski‐Pohjanmaalla

Page 9: activities at research group of Chemistry and Process ... · 05/09/2012  · fuels in existing combustion engines •Higher alcohols can be distributed via the existing pipelines

Research

on lithium‐ion

battery chemicals

• Researchers

in our

group:

M.Sc. (Chem.) Siru TuomaalaM.Sc. (Eng.) Samuli Räsänen (defence

2012)

M.Sc. (Eng.) Juho VälikangasM.Sc. (Geol.) Pekka TanskanenB.Sc. Toni KauppinenB.Sc. Minna Jokinen

• Senior researchers:D.Sc. Pekka Tynjälä

(advisor)

D.Sc.  Tao Hu

(advisor)

D.Sc. Tauno Kuokkanen (advisor)Prof. Ulla LassiSeveral

industrial

advisors

• Main projects

on that

topic

:

LITIUM/Tekes

2008‐2010

IMPOLI/Tekes

2010‐2012

LITHIUM/Academy of Finland (under

evaluation)

NANOLI/Teknologiateollisuus foundation, ‐2013

NOFALI/Tekes

2012‐2014

Several

projects

with

industry

Kuva: Siru

Tuomaala

2010

Page 10: activities at research group of Chemistry and Process ... · 05/09/2012  · fuels in existing combustion engines •Higher alcohols can be distributed via the existing pipelines
Page 11: activities at research group of Chemistry and Process ... · 05/09/2012  · fuels in existing combustion engines •Higher alcohols can be distributed via the existing pipelines

AKKU- Odotettavissa olevat tulokset

• Hankkeen päättyessä

litiumklusteri‐innovaatioympäristön käytössäon moderni laitteistokokonaisuus akkukemikaalien testaukseen ja kennojen valmistukseen• Osaajaresurssit akkumateriaalien testaukseen ja  uutta osaamistako. aihealueen ympärillä.

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Akkututkimus ‐ Elektrodin valmistus

Elektrodimateriaalin valmistus

Sekoitus & viskositeetin määritys

Aktiivinen elektrodimateriaali

Päällystys virrankeräimelle

+ sidosaine+ grafiitti+ liuotin

KuivausKalanterointi(puristus)

Page 13: activities at research group of Chemistry and Process ... · 05/09/2012  · fuels in existing combustion engines •Higher alcohols can be distributed via the existing pipelines

Testaus

Akkututkimus ‐

Kennon  valmistus & testaus

Elektrodin leikkausKennon kasaus Kennon sulkeminen

Page 14: activities at research group of Chemistry and Process ... · 05/09/2012  · fuels in existing combustion engines •Higher alcohols can be distributed via the existing pipelines

Catalytic

conversion

of biomass to  fuels

and valuables

Page 15: activities at research group of Chemistry and Process ... · 05/09/2012  · fuels in existing combustion engines •Higher alcohols can be distributed via the existing pipelines

Catalytic

conversion

of biomass to  fuels

and valuables

• Researchers

in our

group:

M.Sc. (Chem.) Jana Holm

M.Sc. (Chem.) Henrik Romar

M.Sc. (Chem.) Audrey Hernoux

M.Sc. (Chem.) Kirsi Partanen

M.Sc. (Chem.) Sari Kilpimaa

M.Sc. B. Wikman (coordinator)

M.Sc. Riikka Lahti

• Senior researchers:

Ass. Prof. Jean‐Marc

Leveque

D.Sc. Tero Tuuttila (advisor)

Prof. Ulla Lassi

Several

industrial

advisors

• Main projects

on that

topic

:

HighBio/Interreg

Nord IVA, 2008‐2011

Catalytic

conversion

of biomass to biofuels

(Fortum 

foundation

2009‐2012)

Biomass to fuels

and chemicals

(application)

SusFuFlex/Academy of Finland 

HighBio2/Interreg

Nord IVA, 2011‐2013

Catalytic

conversion

of sugars

to 5‐HMF 

(Fortum foundation

2012‐2015)

ForestRefine, BotniaAtlantica

2012‐2014

ComBiCat/Tekes

(under

evaluation)

Greenhouse

2011‐2013

NanoCatalysts/Tekes

(under

evaluation)

Projects

with

industry

Page 16: activities at research group of Chemistry and Process ... · 05/09/2012  · fuels in existing combustion engines •Higher alcohols can be distributed via the existing pipelines

New, innovative

and sustainable transportation

fuels

(SusFuFlex)

Page 17: activities at research group of Chemistry and Process ... · 05/09/2012  · fuels in existing combustion engines •Higher alcohols can be distributed via the existing pipelines

IntroductionSusFuFlex project focuses on the production of higher bioalcohols and other

compounds suitable as oxygenates (e.g. butanol, pentanol, mixed alcohols).

The main aims are:1) To study old and novel procedures for microbiological production of biobutanol,

higher alcohols and oxygenates as fossil fuel substitutes2) To develop and optimize catalytic materials and chemical (catalytic) reaction

pathways in the production of bioalcohols and other bio-derived compounds3) To conduct a sustainability analysis of the processes to be developed, to

analyze the atom economy of the new processes and to make a preliminary economical analysis, and

4) To integrate the processes and know-how developed by the research groups.

Presenter
Presentation Notes
TO EVALUATE OLD AND NOVEL PROCEDURES FOR MICROBIOLOGICAL PRODUCTION OF BUTANOL, HIGHER ALCOHOLS AND OXYGENATES AS FOSSIL FUEL SUBSTITUTES IN ORDER TO FIND THE MOST EFFICIENT AND FEASIBLE PROCESSES. TO DEVELOP AND OPTIMIZE CATALYTIC MATERIALS AND CHEMICAL REACTION ROUTES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HIGHER ALCOHOLS AND OTHER BIO-DERIVED COMPOUNDS APPLICABLE AS GASOLINE FUEL AND ITS ADDITIVES. TO CONDUCT A SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS OF THE PROCESSES TO BE DEVELOPED. TO ANALYZE THE ATOM ECONOMY OF THE NEW PROCESSES AND TO MAKE A PRELIMINARY ECONOMICAL ANALYSIS. TO INTEGRATE THE PROCESSES AND KNOW-HOW DEVELOPED BY THE RESEARCH GROUPS.
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Why higher alcohols as transportation  fuels?

*) RON = research

octane

number, **) MON = motor

octane

number

•Butanol, pentanol

and mixed

alcohols

are

also

less

corrosive

than

ethanol

•They

can

be

used

for 

replacing

fossil

fuels

in existing

combustion

engines

•Higher

alcohols

can

be

distributed

via the existing

pipelines

(low

vapour

pressure)•They

can

be

produced

in an 

industrial‐scale

Table

1. Fuel

properties

of gasoline, diesel and C1‐C5 alcohols.

100%1041366.4316Methanol

100%961308.9419.6Ethanol

7%789611.1229.2n-Butanol

0%LowLow11.6827.8n-Pentanol

Negligible--(60 to 100 on idle)14.7

35.5Diesel

negligible81-8991-9914.632Gasoline

Water solubility(%)

MON**RON*Air-to-fuelratio

Energy density (MJ/l)

Fuel

100%1041366.4316Methanol

100%961308.9419.6Ethanol

7%789611.1229.2n-Butanol

0%LowLow11.6827.8n-Pentanol

Negligible--(60 to 100 on idle)14.7

35.5Diesel

negligible81-8991-9914.632Gasoline

Water solubility(%)

MON**RON*Air-to-fuelratio

Energy density (MJ/l)

Fuel

Presenter
Presentation Notes
Energy density, air-to-fuel ratio, butanol (low vapour pressure) can be distributed via existing pipelines, …less corrosive than ethanol,
Page 19: activities at research group of Chemistry and Process ... · 05/09/2012  · fuels in existing combustion engines •Higher alcohols can be distributed via the existing pipelines

Microbial

approach

in biobutanol production

•Pre-treatment of biomass

Raw materials-lignocellulosic

(pulp mill sludges) and starch-based biomass as a carbon

sourceor -a low-value by-product from food industry, e.g. cheese whey, a by-product from lactose purification, potato peels

•Fermentation of sugars to alcohols

•Solvent recovery, recycling of IL

Page 20: activities at research group of Chemistry and Process ... · 05/09/2012  · fuels in existing combustion engines •Higher alcohols can be distributed via the existing pipelines

Summary of results

• The pre‐treatment of lignocellulosics

biomass to fermentable  sugars is a challenging task

• Based

on the results, fiber

sludge

(as a carbon

source) will

be potential

for fermentation

process

‐high

sugar

concentration

enough

‐low

amount

of impurities

‐IL residues

low

• Other

sludges

might

also

be

potential

for biofuel

production

Page 21: activities at research group of Chemistry and Process ... · 05/09/2012  · fuels in existing combustion engines •Higher alcohols can be distributed via the existing pipelines

CATALYTIC CONVERSION OF BIOMASS INTO  TRANSPORTATION FUELS

AIM OF THE RESEARCHDevelopment of novel, chemical (catalytic) reaction     

pathways for the production of butanol

and higher 

bioalcohols. 

MAIN FIELDS OF THE RESEARCHEvaluation of former and novel procedures for chemical production of butanol

Chemical degradation of biomass to obtain intermediate product(s)

Development and optimization of catalytic reactions for the production of 

butanoland

higher alcohols

Catalyst synthesis and characterization

Alcohol(s) synthesis over heterogeneous catalyzed reactions 

Sustainability analysis and evaluation of atom economy of the new processes

The research will be carried out as a Joint Project with prof. Jean‐Marc 

Leveque, Université

de Savoié, France. It is funded by Fortum

foundation, 

2009‐2012.

M.Sc. (Chem.) Audrey Hernoux

Page 22: activities at research group of Chemistry and Process ... · 05/09/2012  · fuels in existing combustion engines •Higher alcohols can be distributed via the existing pipelines

Catalytic

conversion

of sugars

to 5‐HMF

Kirsi Partanen: A part

of D.Sc. Thesis

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A value chain for forest biomass

27

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28

HIGHBIO  ‐

INTERREG  NORD  2008 ‐

2011

Refining of new products and raw materials by gasification of biomass 

Possibilities

Example

of energy

and material

integration

in the  greenhouse

Page 29: activities at research group of Chemistry and Process ... · 05/09/2012  · fuels in existing combustion engines •Higher alcohols can be distributed via the existing pipelines

References

• HOLM, J., ASIKKALA, J. & LASSI, U. (2009) Cellulose fractionation from real  sludge samples through ionic liquid [BMIM]Cl, Chemical Engineering 

Transactions

vol. 17, 1645‐1650. 

• ROMAR, H., LAHTI, R, TYNJÄLÄ, P. & LASSI, U. (2011) Co and Fe catalysed  Fischer‐Tropsch

synthesis in biofuel

production, Topics in Catalysis, vol. 

54, 1302‐1308.

• HOLM, J., ROMAR, H., LAHTI, R., LASSI, U. & LAJUNEN, M. (2012) Enzyme  and acid catalysed

hydrolysis of fibre

sludge in [BMIM]Cl

and [AMIM]Cl

ionic liquids, revised for publication in Catalysis Today.

• KILPIMAA,S., KUOKKANEN, T. & LASSI, U. (2011) Physical and chemicals  properties of wood ash from burning and gasification processes. The 

Journal of Solid Waste technology and Management, 879‐887.

• HERNOUX, A., LEVEQUE, J‐M, LASSI, U., BOISSEAU, S. & MARAIS, M‐F.  (2012) Conversion of a non‐water soluble potato starch waste into 

reducing sugars under non conventional technologies, manuscript

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References

• KILPIMAA,S., KUOKKANEN, T. & LASSI, U. (2012) Chemical and leaching  properties of wood ash from burning and gasification processes, 

submitted for publication in Waste Management.

• HOLM, J.& LASSI, U. (2011) Ionic liquids in the pretreatment of  lignocellulosic

biomass, In: Ionic Liquids, Theory and Applications (ed.XX), 

InTech

publishing, 987‐953‐7619‐X‐X, Chapter 24, pp. 545‐560. 

• HERNOUX, A., LEVEQUE, J‐M, LASSI, U., BOISSEAU, S. & MARAIS, M‐F.  (2011) Catalytic conversion of biomass into transportation fuel,

In: 

Proceedings of GPE‐3rd

International Congress Green Process Engineering,  December 6‐8, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, (oral presentation, refereed 

conference publication) 

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Thank

You

for Your

attention

!

More

information:  http://www.chydenius.fi/tutkimus/soveltava‐kemia