ACTIVE HEATING SYSTEMS

PHYS 471 SOLAR ENERGY –I

Presented by: Nurcan YANARCAN2004-05-1

19.10.2004

Instructor: Prof. Dr. Ahmet ECEVIT

TABLE OF CONTENT Page

1. Introduction to Active Heating System ..................... 1

2. Main Components of Active Heating System ........... 3

a) The Solar Collectors ............................................ 5

b) The Solar Storage ................................................ 6

c) Auxiliary Source of Heat ....................................7

3. Types of Active Solar Heating System ..................... 8

a) Liquid Type ......................................................... 9

b) Air Type .............................................................. 10

4. Elements of Active Heating Systems ....................... 11a) Heating Elements ............................................... 12b) Exchanger Elements ........................................... 13c) Heat Storage Elements ....................................... 14d) Fluid and Air Control Elements ......................... 15e) Temperature Control Elements .......................... 16f) Safety Control Elements .................................... 17

5. Advantages of Active Heating Systems .................. 18 References ............................................................... 19

1. Introduction To Active Heating System

An active solar heating system also traps solar energy, and does something to improve the collection, storage, and distribution of that energy.

A turtle sunning itself on a rock is an active solar heating system: its blood distributes the energy throughout its body, and this also improves the efficiency of the heat transfer into the turtle by moving cool blood near the heated surface of its shell [1].

Figure 1. Active heating system on a house completely [2] .

In this figure ,we can see crosssection of active heating system.

a) The solar collectors

b) The solar storage system

c) Auxiliary source of heat

2. Main Components of Active Heating System

Figure 2. Systematics of active heating system [3] .

In figure 2 , systematic of active heating system is shown.

2. a) The Solar Collectors

The type of collector in figure 3, converts solar radiation into heat energy.

Figure 3. Flat-plate collector [4].

2. b) The Solar Storage System

Solar systems usually use a specially designed and sized, super insulated tank though it may also be an electric tank. They serve as a tank where the water is pre-heated.

In figure 4,you can see easily the storage tank.

2. b) The Solar Storage System

Figure 4. Heated water is collected in the storage tank [5].

Hot fresh air

Hot dirty air

Coo

led

dirt

y ai

r

Heated air

Heat Exchanger

2. c) Auxiliary Source of Heat

Living room

Figure 5. Heated air recycle system.

In this figure,auxiliary source of heat is shown.

3. Types of Active Solar Heating System

a) Liquid based heating systems

b) Air based heating systems

3. a) Liquid Based Heating Systems

Figure 6. Liquid based system [6].

In figure 6,you can see the liquid based heating system.

3. b) Air Based Heating Systems

Figure 7. Air based system [6].

In this figure , you can see air based heating system.

4. Elements of Active Heating Systems

a) Heating Elements

b) Exchanger Elements

c) Heat Storage Elements

d) Fluid and Air Control

Elements

e) Temperature Control

Elements

f) Safety Control Elements

4. a) Heating Elements

Liquid based heater Air based heater

Auxiliary heater

Figure 8. Heating system elements.

In figure 8 , heating system elements are shown.

4. b) Exchanger Elements

Liquid based exchanger

Air based exchanger

Figure 9. Exchanger elements.

As you see, in the figure 9 ,exchanger elements are shown.

4. c) Heat Storage Elements

Figure 10. Water tank [7]. Figure 11. Rock bin [6].

In figure 10 and in figure 11 , heat storage elements are shown.

4. d) Fluid and Air Control Elements

Valve Check valve

Water valve

Air fan

Figure 12. Control elements.

In this figure , fluid and air control elements are shown.

4. e) Temperature Control Elements

Thermostat Thermoresistor

Figure 13. Temperature control elements.

You can see temperature control elements in figure 13.

4. f) Safety Control Elements

Expansion tank Vacuum relief valve

Figure 14. Safety elements.

In figure 14 , safety control elements are shown.

5. Advantages of Active Heating Systems [8]

a. Easy to install

b. Inexpensive to purchase

c. Non exhausted energy source

d. Friendly for environment

References

1. http://www.newton.dep.anl.gov/askasci/eng99/eng99068.htm

2. http://www.solaror.org/main.htm

3. http://www.mashav.com/solar-energy/active.htm

4. http://www.eere.energy.gov/solar/sh_basics.html#active

5. http://www.ecn.ab.ca/sesci/tutorial/s_water.htm

6. http://home.earthlink.net/~jschwytzer/solar.html

7. www.solar-fit.com/ water.htm

8. Solar Energy Research, Daniels Farrington, Duffie A. John, 1961, The University of Wisconsin Press.