active ageing index in romania - unece · romanian ministry of labour and social justice...
TRANSCRIPT
Active Ageing Index in Romania
Subnational level (NUTS 2)
Olivia RusanduPublic Manager, Romanian Ministry of Labour and Social Justice
STAKEHOLDER MEETING ON THE ACTIVE AGEING INDEX17 June 2019, Brussels
Contents
2
I. Romania’s Context (demography, regions/ NUTS 2 level and their
profile)
II. Romania’s AAI Score (by domain, as compared to EU28, 2010 –
2016)
III. Romania’s AAI Score (calculated at subnational level, by domain
and year 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016)
IV. When and why did we calculated AAI at subnational level? What
can we do next?
V. Final remarks
References
I. Romania’s ContextDemography
3
➢Romania’s population at the beginning of 2018 accounted for 22.193.562
people (Data source: NIS);
➢Elderly people (65 years old and above) accounted for 3.614.209 (16.3% of
the total population) (Data source: NIS);
➢ In recent years, population’s aging deepened even further, elderly population
(65 years old and above) surpassing by 350.000 persons the number of
children aged 0-14 years (Data source: NIS);
➢The demographic aging index raised from 107.9 (at the beginning of 2017) to
110.7 elderly for every 100 young people (at the beginning of 2018);
➢Healthy life expectancy at 65 years old and above is 5.6 years for women and
6.2 years for men, significantly below the EU28 average (in September 2018)
which was 10.1 years for women and 9.8 years for men. (Data source:
Eurostat, 2018).
I. Romania’s Context8 Development regions of Romania (NUTS 2 level)
4
I. Romania’s ContextNUTS 2 Regions’ Demographic Profile
5
Resident population, (millions) Population 65+ (%)
2010 2016 2010 2016
North West 2.72 2.58 14.04 16.29
Centre 2.52 2.34 14.12 16.74
North East 3.71 3.26 14.48 17.15
South East 2.81 2.47 14.87 18.06
South Muntenia 3.27 3.03 16.74 19.25
Bucharest - Ilfov 2.26 2.29 14.12 15.15
South West Oltenia 2.25 1.99 16.46 19.26
West 1.92 1.80 14.39 16.91
Source: Voicu, 2019
I. Romania’s ContextGDP per capita 2006-2017in NUTS2 Regions
(Purchasing Power Standards EURO, at current market prices)
6
Region/Year 2006 2010 2012 2014 2016 2017
North-West8900 11100 12500 13400 15700 16900
Centre 9300 11900 13800 14100 16500 17900
North-East 6000 7600 9000 9300 10600 11600
South East 8100 10000 12300 13600 14500 15800
South - Muntenia 7900 10000 10900 12800 13900 15100
Bucharest - Ilfov 21500 29200 33700 35500 40600 43200
South West Oltenia 7400 9300 10800 10800 12500 13600
West 10700 13900 15200 15300 18500 20000
Source: Voicu, 2019
II. Romania’s AAI Scoreas compared to EU28, 2018
Source: Gaucaite Wittich/Kharitonova/Marchetti, 2019
General scoreII.
Ro
man
ia’s
AA
I S
co
re
by d
om
ain
, as c
om
pare
d t
o E
U28,
2018
Source
: Gauca
ite W
ittich/Kharito
nova/M
arch
etti, 2
019
II. Romania’s AAI Scoreby domain, as compared to EU28 average, 2010 - 2016
9Source: Voicu, 2019
II. Romania’s AAI ScoreAs compared to EU28 (2010 - 2016)
10Source: Voicu, 2019
II. Romania’s AAI ScoreGender, as compared to EU28, 2018
Source
: Gauca
ite W
ittich/Kharito
nova/M
arch
etti, 2
019
III. Romania’s AAI Score-NUTS2Employment age 55+, by regions and year
12
Source: Voicu, 2019
III. Romania’s AAI Score- NUTS2Social Participation, overall picture
13
Source: Voicu, 2019
III. Romania’s AAI Score-NUTS2Social Participation, by region and year
14
Voluntary activities Political participation
2010 2016 2010 2016
North West 2.9 10.0 5.9 1.4
Centre 6.3 4.0 16.7 1.0
North East 1.7 0.5 5.5 2.7
South East 0.0 0.0 7.7 3.3
South Muntenia 1.0 0.0 2.0 9.3
Bucharest - Ilfov 6.5 1.5 3.4 15.6
South West Oltenia 3.7 6.7 11.5 6.7
West 3.0 0.0 7.8 1.5
Romania’s Average 3.1 2.8 7.5 5.2
Source: Voicu, 2019
III. Romania’s AAI Score-NUTS2Independent, healthy, and secure living, by region and year
15
50
55
60
65
70
75
2010 2012 2014 2016
North West Center North East South East South Muntenia Bucharest South West Oltenia West EU28 average
Source: Voicu, 2019
III. Romania’s AAI Score-NUTS2No poverty risk, by region and year
16
Source: Voicu, 2019
III. Romania’s AAI Score-NUTS2Physical exercise and lifelong learning, by region and year
17
Physical exercise Lifelong learning
2010 2016 2010 2016
North West 2.2 1.8 0.0 0.2
Centre 2.7 1.5 0.0 0.1
North East 0.9 0.0 0.0 0.1
South East 0.6 3.7 0.0 0.0
South Muntenia 0.0 0.5 0.1 0.2
Bucharest - Ilfov 5.9 6.1 0.0 0.1
South West Oltenia 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
West 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.1
Romania 1.7 1.7 0.0 0.1
Source: Voicu, 2019
III. Romania’s AAI Score-NUTS2Change in the capacity and enabling environment for active ageing,
by region and year
18
Source: Voicu, 2019
III. Romania’s AAI Score-NUTS2Use of ICT, by region and year
19
Source: Voicu, 2019
III. Romania’s AAI Score-NUTS2Social connectedness by region in 2016
20
25-29%
30-34%
35-39%
40-44%
45-49%
50-55%
Source: Voicu, 2019
III. Romania’s AAI Score-NUTS2Educational attainment, by region and year
21
Source: Voicu, 2019
III. Romania’s AAI Score-NUTS2Gender gap in AAI by region in 2016
22Source: Voicu, 2019
III. Romania’s AAI Score-NUTS2Gender gap in AAI overall, by region and year
23Source: Voicu, 2019
III. Romania’s AAI Score-NUTS2Gender gap in employment and social participation by region
(2010-2016)
24
-9
-13
-10
-11
-13
-13
-4
-10
-10
-12
-12
-9
-13
-12
-12
-6
-11
-11
-3.5
0.8
1.9
-0.8
4.1
11.4
2.9
0.2
2.1
-1.7
-0.9
9.6
12.2
2.0
10.6
7.0
6.4
5.6
-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15
North West
Center
North East
South East
South Muntenia
Bucharest - Ilfov
South West Oltenia
West
Romania
Participation 2016 Participation2011 Employment 2016 Employment 2010
Source: Voicu, 2019
III. Romania’s AAI Score-NUTS2Gender gap in independent living and capacity by region (2010-
2016)
25
-6.6
-0.6
-4.3
-3.6
-4.8
-7.8
-1.2
-4.1
-4.1
-4.6
-7.5
-3.2
-7.6
-5.9
-4.2
-1.5
-4.5
-4.9
-5.2
-0.4
2.0
-3.9
-2.2
1.9
-0.5
1.6
-0.8
3.2
2.0
2.2
-1.0
-4.1
4.1
-2.8
-1.8
0.2
-10.0 -8.0 -6.0 -4.0 -2.0 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0
North West
Center
North East
South East
South Muntenia
Bucharest
South West Oltenia
West
Romania
Capacity 2016 Capacity2010 Independent living 2016 Independent living 2010
Sourc
e:
Voic
u,
2019
III. Romania’s AAI Score-NUTS2Main findings when calculating AAI at subnational level
26
+ - Possible explanations
RO AAI score
still lags
behind EU28
average
Lag in economic development;
Insufficient infrastructure and investments;
Communist socio-cultural habits (low political
participation, patriarchal culture etc.)
AAI score increased between
2010 and 2016 in Romania
Economic development which lead to poverty
reduction and better access to healthcare;
Public policies (social benefits and services targeting
the poor, the elderly, etc),
Significant regional disparities
overall and AAI domains
(without a linear positive
correlation between regional
economic development level
and AAI score)
Disparities in economic development, infrastructure,
foreign investments etc. between regions,
Demographic trends and regional profiles.
Migration
Fertility rate
Active aging ability was quite
homogenous between regions
in 2010, but it increased in BI
and Center regions
Partly due to economic development, digital
inclusion etc
Significant gender gap Poverty (as a result of education, employment etc)
Patriarchal culture,
Policies promoted during communism.
III. Romania’s AAI Score-NUTS2Main findings when calculating AAI at subnational level
27
Indicators’ High
Scores
Indicators’ Low Scores Possible explanations
Employment
(especially for 70-74
years old group and
especially in the
poorest regions
Precarious economic conditions (further in-
depth studies required)
Social participation
(children’s, nephews’,
people with
disabilities’ care
component)
Social participation
(volunteering and
political participation)
RO tradition of caring for family members
without help from outside,
Insufficient care services places additional
burden on elderly or saving the money
which would otherwise be given to formal
carers or care services
Migration
Independent, healthy
and safe life (unsatisfied
needs of healthcare or
dental care, lack of
physical activity and LLL)
Poverty and material deprivation,
Lack of physical activity and LLL may lead
to illness (physical and mental).
IV. When and why did we calculated AAI at regional level?What can we do next?
28
MLSJ – UNECE – NIS’ Partnership for a pilot study
(2018)
Measuring AAI at NUTS 2
It is an opportunity for MLSJ to find out the elderly’s
situation at regional level
It reflects elderly’s potential for active and healthy ageing, and
regional differences
MLSJ may adjust its policies based on these
findings
MLSJ disseminates the results at regional and local
level, raising awareness
Regional authorities may adjust their regional policies based on these
findings
Measure 2.1.11 in the National Strategy for AA
29
IV. When and why did we calculated AAI at regional level?What can we do next?
As policy makers, we need tools like AAI, as:
• It captures various dimensions of active ageing and indicates how much of
the potential of elderly is used and what is untapped,
• It gives an overall score but also scores per components and indicators,
thus allowing for targeted interventions (where they are most needed),
• It may be used for ex-ante and ex-post evaluation (before and after
implementing a certain policy or measure),
• It allows progress’ measurement,
• It may be the basis for future and more in-depth research to find the roots
of the issues identified,
• It may be used to compare with other countries and regions (if they are
comparable),
• It offers the basis for elderly policies elaboration or adjustment, leading in
the end to a better quality of life for elderly people.
30
V. Final remarks
➢ Results revealed and lessons learned:
✓ Positive aspects,
✓ Aspects that can be improved,
✓ Surprises, both good (high employment rate) and “less good” (low political
participation, lack of physical activity, volunteering and LLL)
➢ All of these are really helpful for MLSJ and other stakeholders (as mentioned
during and after the AAI seminar in Bucharest, May 2019), showing a current, real
picture and also comparable pictures of moments in time (2010, 2012, 2014, 2016)
➢ Plans for the future:
✓ Further disseminating the RO AAI NUTS2 results,
✓ Using the results in drafting the future Strategy for Active Aging and Elderly’s
Protection post 2020,
✓ Using the results for new EU funded projects to address the “less
good”/”improvable” aspects identified,
✓ Recalculating RO AAI NUTS2 in the future, for progress assessment
31
References
• Vitalija Gaucaite Wittich/Olga Kharitonova/Ettore Marchetti
(2019) – “Active Aging Index: monitoring tool for aging-
related policies”- presentation given at the national seminar
“Active Aging Index in Romania”, 30 May 2019, Bucharest
• Mălina Voicu (2019) – “Active Aging Index: monitoring tool
for aging-related policies”- presentation given at the
national seminar “Active Aging Index in Romania-Subnational
Level”, 30 May 2019, Bucharest
32
Thank you!