actas proceedings energy efficiency and historic buldings1

8/10/2019 Actas Proceedings Energy Efficiency and Historic Buldings1

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LPEZ, M.; YEZ, A.; GOMES DA COSTA, S.; AVELL, L., (Coord.). Actas del Congreso Internacionalde Eficiencia Energtica y Edificacin Histrica / Proceedings of the International Conference onEnergy Efficiency and Historic Buildings (Madrid, 2!"# $e%& 2#'). Madrid: F!da"i#! d$ Ca%a%&i%'#ri"a% Si!*ar$% F!da"i#! Ar% Ci+i*i%, -/. 0S12: 34565/67468//-69

Edited by

F!da"i#! d$ Ca%a% &i%'#ri"a% Si!*ar$%

F!da"i#! Ar% Ci+i*i%

Coordinated byM#!i"a L#$ S

A!a Y$ V$a. F!da"i#! d$ Ca%a% &i%'#ri"a% Si!*ar$%

So?ia Go@$% da Co%'a. F!da"i#! d$ Ca%a% &i%'#ri"a% Si!*ar$%

Lord$% A+$** D$*ado. F!da"i#! Ar% Ci+i*i%

Copyright

-/. T$B'%: '=$ r$%$"'i+$ a'=or% (or '=$ir $@*o$r%); Pro"$$di!%: '=$ "oordi!a'or% a!d $di'or%.


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International ConferenceENERGY EFFICIENCYIN HISTORIC BUILDINGS

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PRESENTACIN ............................................................................................................... - 11 -

Eficiencia energtica y edificacin histrica: un ret de! "resente..................................... - 1# -Cristina Gutirrez-Cortines y Mnica Lpez Snchez. Fundacin rs Ci!ilis

Eficiencia energtica y edificacin histrica: un ret de! futur ........................................ - 1$ -na "#ez $e%a. Fundacin de Casas &istricas y Sin%ulares

C%%ittees .................................................................................................................... - 1& -

Prgra%%e ..................................................................................................................... - 1' -

Governance, management, participation and mediation..........................................- 21 -S(STAINA)*E ENER+, ACTIN R /R*0 ERITA+E 2ANA+E2ENT ............................ - 33 -

'()C&*)*+ C., (LTT(+ /.

ENER+, EICIENC, AN0 (R)AN RENE/A* A (NESC-*ISTE0 ISTRICA*CENTER: TE CASE PRT .......................................................................................... - #4 -

S)T(S+ 0., $L)1+ ., S23*'+ 4.

ISTRICA* ERITA+E: R2 ENER+, CNS(2ER T ENER+, PR0(CER. TE CASEST(0, TE 5A*)ER+ 0EI P6ERI7 +ENA8 ITA*, .................................................. - $& -

F')C(+ G., G3''*)*+ M., C'TSG)+ M.

I2PR6IN+ ENER+, EICIENC, IN ISTRIC CRNIS )(I*0IN+S 9 +RANT(N0IN+8 2NITRIN+ AN0 +(I0ANCE ........................................................................ - '1 -

'*C&'/S+ .

ENER+, EICIENC, AN0 )(I*0IN+S /IT ERITA+E 6A*(ES: RE*ECTIN8CN*ICTS AN0 S*(TINS ............................................................................................ - & -

G*)C(L+ ., &'S+ M. '.

PRP(ESTA 2ET0*+ICA PARA *A REA)I*ITACIN SSTENI)*E 0E*PATRI2NI CNTE;T(A* E0IICA0. E* CAS 0E* CENTR ISTRIC 0E *ACI(0A0 0E 2 2ethd!gica! "r"sa! fr the sustaina?!ereha?i!itatin f cnte@t heritage ?ui!ding. The case f the histric dntn f2erida8 ,ucatan ............................................................................................................. - 43 -

M/*)+ 5., '(/'6G37+ ., C'8)+ *.


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Traditional and technological knowledge: concepts, techniques, practices, uses,

materials, methodologies ........................................................................................- 99 -

S(STAINA)*E RE(R)IS2ENT ISTRIC )(I*0IN+S: RISBS8 S*(TINS AN0)EST PRACTICE .............................................................................................................. - 1 -

&T&+ ).

EICIENCIA ENER+ Energy efficiency and heritage Da!ues. *essns fa Research and a Se%inar ............................................................................................. - 11 -

G()70L7 M(')(-)$''(+ 4. L.

ARCITECT(RA* INTE+RATIN PT6*TAIC S,STE2S IN ISTRIC 0ISTRICTS.TE CASE ST(0, SANTIA+ 0E C2PSTE*A .......................................................... - 114 -

L3CC&*+ ., G'G))*+ G., MT3'*+ L., M(S'+ /.

ISTRIC )(I*0IN+ ENER+, ASSESS2ENT ), 2EANS SI2(*ATIN TECNI(ES ..... - 1#& -S(3T3LL(+ S., )'*237+ '., F'''+ 4. ., &'S+ M. '.

0ESI+N A CNTR* S,STE2 R TE ENER+, CNS(2PTIN IN A /A**-EATE0C(RC: SANTA 2ARIA 0I+ITRIA IN R2E ................................................................. - 1$& -

M)F'/*+ C., F'T')L*+ /., L9'*C*+ .

E;E2P*AR, ENER+ETICA* RE(R)IS2ENT TE +ER2AN ACA0E2, IN R2EF6I**A 2ASSI2F ........................................................................................................ - 1' -

)/'S+ ., S)T3CC*+ /.

SISTE2A 26I* INTE+RA0 PARA *A REA)I*ITACIN ENER+ Integrated%?i!e syste% fr ?ui!ding energy reha?i!itatin: #0 !aser8 ter%gra"hy8 ftgra"hy8enDirn%enta! sensrs and )I2 .................................................................................... - 1'H -

S0)C&7 $*LL)3$+ C., F*LG3*' LG(+ ., '(C 9')0'/7+ /., 'MST( G()70L7+ 4.,/67 $*L'*:(+ L., LG;L L87+ S., '(/'6G37 $*4)/+ M., )


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M'T6)+ ., M*LL0)+ 4. ., &*/LG(+ 4. M., *'*9'+ .

IS TE!E"#E"$%GENER+, EICIENT TE APP*ICATIN AN *0-NE/ EATIN+S,STE2 T ERITA+E )(I*0IN+S ................................................................................. - #'' -

/L C3'T(+ /., L3C*)*+ ., M)F'/*+ C., $L*S*+ L.

TER2+RAGA INRARRLA , E0IICIS ISTRICS .................................................... - #4 -MLG(S+ S.

SI2(*ATIN 20E* CA*I)RATIN IN TE CNTE;T REA* (SE ISTRIC)(I*0IN+S .................................................................................................................... - #44 -

)'6237+ '., 4*M>)7+ M.4., &'S+ M.'.

TE TER2P,SICA* CARACTERIKATIN TECNICA* E*E2ENTS IN TEISTRIC ARCITECT(RE: E;PERIENCES IN PA*ER2 .................................................... - #H -

G)($+ ., FTT+ G.

ENER+, E6A*(ATIN TE 6AC S,STE2 )ASE0 N S*AR ENER+, AN0)I2ASS TE CE0ER REN6ATE0 )(I*0IN+ ............................................................ - $ -

/67 )G3L(+ 4. ., F'''+ 4. ., &'S+ M. &.

&egal and technical regulation and historic 'uildings ............................................. - (19 -

*0 )(I*0IN+8 NE/ )I*ERS: TE (T(RE ERITA+E IN AN ERA ENER+,EICIENC, ................................................................................................................... - $3 -

4)S+ ., *C(M(S+ M., 5(*$S5"+ S., *'&+ M.

ISTRIC /IN0/S: CNSER6ATIN R REP*ACE2ENT. /ATS TE 2STS(STAINA)*E INTER6ENTIN *E+IS*ATI6E SIT(ATIN8 CASE ST(0IES AN0 C(RRENT

RESEARCES ................................................................................................................. - $#3 -'CC&*+ $., 'T+ )., $'7'(L*+ .

ENER+, RETRIT A ISTRIC )(I*0IN+ IN A (NESC /R*0 ERITA+E SITE: ANINTE+RATE0 CST PTI2A*IT, AN0 EN6IRN2ENTA* ASSESS2ENT............................ - $& -

T/3+ S., '(/'*G3S+ C., T/3+ ., F'*'+ F., S*M?S+ ).

PAR(E E0IICA0 PATRI2NI E0IICA0: *A PRTECCIN RENTE A *AINTER6ENCIN ENER+)ui!t ParJ r )ui!t eritage: Prtectin against energy interDentin. The case f +rsdistrict f San Se?astian ................................................................................................ - $'$ -

3')G+ . 4., T='+ L.

SI2(*TANE(S ERITA+E C2RT IN0E; OSCI: (ICB SCAN AI2E0 AT TESI2(*TANE(S IN0R EN6IRN2ENTA* C2RT E6A*(ATIN R PEP*E AN0ART/RBS IN ERITA+E )(I*0IN+S ............................................................................. - $4 -

L*TT*+ G., F99'*+ 5., 3/)'T+ ., 9'T+ 4.

PR)*E2=TICA 0E *A PSI)*E CERTIICACIN ENER+ 0ifficu!tiesfund in the "ssi?!e energy certificatin f heritage ?y using the CE#; sftare: thecase f E! A!%udMn f 6a!encia ....................................................................................... - $H& -

C3'T'(-CSS+ ., T('T-3S*)+ *., M()F('T-*-S*G)S+ 4., (L*$'-F39L+ . *.

PRTC* R CARACTERIKIN+ AN0 PTI2IKIN+ TE ENER+, CNS(2PTIN IN

P()*IC )(I*0IN+S: CASE ST(0, PK(E* 0E A*ARCN 2(NICIPA*IT, ................... - &' -'39*(+ ., MC6S+ M., L3M9''S+ 4.


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!romotion, training, education .............................................................................. - )1* -

TE /RB TE S(STAINA)*E TRA0ITINA* )(I*0IN+S A**IANCE AN0 ANINTR0(CTIN T TE +(I0ANCE /EE* R RETRIT ............................................. - &1$ -M"+ )., '"+ C., G'*FF*T&S+ ).

TRAININ+ E;PERTS R ENER+, RETRIT AT TE RA(NER CENTRE R TEENER+,-SA6IN+ REN6ATIN *0 )(I*0IN+S AN0 TE PRESER6ATIN 2N(2ENTS AT )ENE0IBT)E(ERN .............................................................................. - &34 -

5*L*)+ '., 5'3S+ M.

SPECIA*IKE0 ENER+, CNS(*TANTS R ARCITECT(RA* ERITA+E ............................ - & -/ 9(3@+ M., /39(*S+ S., &'*)C5=+ S., $)&LLM()T+ ".

RENERPAT: 2ET0*+GA 0E REA)I*ITACIN ENER+ RENERPAT: 2ethd!gy fr Energy Reha?i!itatin f eritage)ui!dings ....................................................................................................................... - &$# -'0)+ 4. '. , M'T6) L'()S+ ., 934/(+ L. ., (LM/(+ /., SM)*G(+ 4., G39(+ F.,F'C&(S(+ F., 7LM+ ., G8M7-G'C6 9'M4(+ 4., M'T6)+ /., F')C*SC(+ $., C3)&+F., 9*(+ ., =$*'+ G., /(M6)G37+ ., GT*)(+ '., S0)C&7+ 4. C., ST('+ .

*E6ANTA2IENTS AR(ITECTNICS EN E* 2E0I R(RA* > Architectura! surDeys inrura! areas .................................................................................................................... - & -

&*/LG(+ 4.M., M*LL0)+ 4. ., M'T6)+ ., *'*9'+ ., FL('S+ *., 739*LLG+ *.

+$T" #%/E0 .................................................................................................... - ) -


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PPRREESSEENNTTAACCIINN

n priAer lu%ar y con carcter pre!io a abordar las diferentes cuestionesplanteadas en el Con%reso *nternacional ficiencia ner%tica y dificacin

&istrica+ la Fundacin Casas &istricas y Sin%ulares y la Fundacin rsCi!ilis firAaAos un con!enio de colaboracin en Aayo de BDE ueestableca un Aarco de cooperacin entre las dos entidades+ uecoAparten una parte de sus obHeti!os y fines fundacionales y un intersespecfico por el ahorro ener%tico aplicado a eleAentos histricos+ seanestos ciudades o bienes concretos. n este conteIto+ decidiAospresentarnos a la con!ocatoria BDE de ayudas para el foAento de lacultura cientfica+ tecnol%ica y de la inno!acin+ de la Fundacin spa#olapara la Ciencia y la Tecnolo%a+ con cuyo apoyo econAico y tcnico heAosabordado la or%anizacin y celebracin de este Con%reso *nternacional.

or consi%uiente+ el Con%reso *nternacional naci coAo una actuacinde colaboracin entre entidades pJblicas y pri!adas y con la intencin dedar respuesta a uno de los retos de la sociedad espa#ola y europea para lasprIiAas dcadas+ coAo es la adaptacin ener%tica y la %eneralizacin deprcticas ue perAitan alcanzar los coAproAisos nacionales y europeos delucha contra el caAbio cliAtico Kstrate%ia 3 &orizonte BB y con lpretendiAos conse%uir !arios obHeti!os

D n el caApo de la in!esti%acin+ establecer puntos de inters coAJnentre los sectores iAplicados y difundir auellos estudios de caso ue+toAando deterAinadas soluciones+ AeHoran la eficiencia ener%tica de

los inAuebles histricos preser!ando su carcter+ !alores y suinte%ridad histrica.

B 'e!isar los criterios de buenas prcticas y reunir en un AisAo espacio alos a%entes iAplicados en toda la cadena de la eficiencia ener%tica yde la edificacin histrica Kin!esti%acin-Aercado-usuarioNcliente final-ciudadana, y contribuir a asentar unas bases ue perAitan a!anzar enun terreno aJn por consolidar.

E stablecer estrate%ias ue perAitan lle!ar a la prctica los criterios deproteccin+ habitabilidad y uso eIi%idos en las norAati!as actualAente!i%entes.


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ste Con%reso se ha estructurado en cinco lneas teAticas+consideradas fundaAentales para el estableciAiento de esas bases ue seacaban de Aencionar

a Gobernanza+ %estin+ Aediacin y participacin KcAo toAar decisionesy facilitar procesos.

b ConociAiento tradicional y tecnol%ico conceptos+ tcnicas+ prcticas+usos+ Aateriales y Aetodolo%as Ku es lo ue se puede hacer.

c 'e%ulacin norAati!a y tcnica y edificacin histrica KcAo relacionarlas iAposiciones le%ales ue afectan a los edificios histricos y lasAedidas de ahorro ener%tico.

d ForAacin y difusin Kdnde se forAan los especialistas y cAo seinforAa a la sociedad.

e MecanisAos de financiacin KcAo reunir los recursos econAicosnecesarios.

n todas ellas se han presentado diferentes eIperiencias rele!antes dedistintos pases para iniciar el anlisis+ la discusin y el trabaHo ue haperAitido lle%ar a criterios consensuados.

n el Con%reso *nternacional han participado profesionales de distintasinstituciones y disciplinas cientficas+ con responsabilidad y relacionadas conel atriAonio histrico edificado+ y ha sido un Iito coAo podr !erse enlos diferentes trabaHos ue trataAos de reco%er en estas ctas.

or JltiAo+ slo nos ueda a%radecer a la Fundacin spa#ola para laCiencia y la Tecnolo%a su apoyo econAico y a todos los ponentes+personas ue han presentado coAunicaciones y psters+ as coAo a losasistentes y entidades colaboradoras Kportal refieres y CetenAa su

coAproAiso con este teAa y el haber hecho posible este proyecto.

Teresa +n!e-Ca%in 2eade

Presidenta undacin Casasistricas y Singu!ares

Luan =nge! Es"aUa Ta!n

Presidente undacin Ars CiDi!is


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EEffiicciieenncciiaaeenneerrggttiiccaayyeeddiiffiiccaacciinnhhiissttrriiccaa::uunnrreettddee!!""rreesseennttee

La eficiencia ener%tica es un teAa ue lle!a iAplcito una presencia Aarcada de in!esti%aciny aplicacin tecnol%icas. )o obstante+ al haberse con!ertido en una prioridad poltica+ de AaneraAuy clara en el caso de la 3nin uropea+ sus iAplicaciones sociales hacen necesario untrataAiento As aAplio y de Aayor coApleHidad+ ue eIi%e una !isin holstica e inte%ral de todaslas esferas ue se !an a !er afectadas por la aplicacin y desarrollo a corto plazo de esas polticas.Sin eAbar%o+ si no se lo%ra hacer de esa prioridad poltica una prioridad de la sociedad+difcilAente podrn alcanzarse los obHeti!os perse%uidos.

)os encontraAos en este AoAento+ por tanto+ ante un escenario europeo de apoyo claro a lasnecesidades de adaptacin ener%tica+ ue incluye una norAati!a de obli%ado cuApliAiento+ altieApo ue ante el probleAa %lobal de cAo hacerlo con el eItenso parue edificado histricoeIistente en todas las ciudades europeas.

CoAo respuesta a ese reto+ la Fundacin rs Ci!ilis !iene trabaHando en los JltiAos a#oslle!ando a cabo una serie de acti!idades para dar !isibilidad a ese desafo a la !ez ue presentar auienes son los responsables de la toAa de decisiones el conociAiento ue se est %enerandodesde la in!esti%acin+ los resultados y aplicaciones y productos testados+ y las entidades yciudades ue estn aportando soluciones y aplicando Aedidas e iniciati!as eIitosas+ en al%unoscasos con enfoues inte%rados e iAplicacin y dilo%o entre los a%entes iAplicados.

)uestro Abito de actuacin se haba centrado hasta la fecha en las instituciones europeas en9ruselas KconcretaAente en el arlaAento uropeo+ con el proyecto del ue ahora presentaAoslas ctas nos propusiAos %enerar un foro de debate ue pudiera inte%rar a los diferentes perfilesprofesionales y Abitos de in!esti%acin ue trabaHan sobre estos teAas+ al tieApo ue a%estores de diferentes entidades y adAinistraciones pri!adas y pJblicas y a otros entesfinanciadores, todo ello+ abierto a la participacin ciudadana y de la Aano de los propios usuarios.

3n pilar de nuestra filosofa de trabaHo es la !isin inte%ral+ el enfoue sistAico+ Aaterializadoen este caso en los O bloues teAticos ue articulan el pro%raAa del Con%reso. n un recorridodesde lo concreto+ o cAo AeHorar la eficiencia ener%tica o el confort en un inAueble histrico+hasta lo %lobal+ o cAo dar !isibilidad y a!anzar hacia Aodelos de ciudad As euilibrada

ener%ticaAente ue se proponen para el si%lo ==*+ y ue se corresponden con las dinAicaspropias de las ciudades histricas adaptadas inteli%enteAente a las deAandas de nuestroAoAento.

Cristina +utirre-Crtines y 2nica *"e Snche. undacin Ars CiDi!is


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EEffiicciieenncciiaaeenneerrggttiiccaayyeeddiiffiiccaacciinnhhiissttrriiccaa::uunnrreettddee!!ffuuttuurr

n la actualidad+ nuestra !ida ha de afrontar+ en todos sus Abitos+ los retos de lasostenibilidad. n la edificacin+ ello se concreta en norAati!as sobre rehabilitacin+ ahorro yAeHora ener%ticas Aediante la utilizacin de euipaAientos y nue!os Aateriales y ener%as parala calefaccin+ iluAinacin+ !entilacin+ acristalaAiento+ aislaAientos+ techuAbres+ etc. La/irecti!a uropea BDNED sobre la eficiencia ener%tica en la edificacin+ reconoce la eIcepcinde los edificios histricos+ definidos coAo particulares+ y defiende+ no la iAposicin de unanorAati!a %eneral+ sino la proAocin de inter!enciones adaptadas a la naturaleza cultural de losinAuebles histricos. La sostenibilidad ener%tica+ teAa Auy actual pero poco tratado en el

Abito del atriAonio Cultural+ %enera %ran inters entre in!esti%adores y usuarios porue aportabeneficios AedioaAbientales+ as coAo posibilidades de ahorro y !iabilidad econAica+ Aediantela transferencia de conociAiento desde el Abito de la in!esti%acin cientfica al de su aplicacinprctica.

Las ciudades y edificios histricos de uropa tienen un papel fundaAental en la !ida y en laeconoAa de la ciudadana. Los inAuebles histricos son en realidad edificios !i!os+ residencias+locales de trabaHo y fuentes de rendiAiento para los ciudadanos+ ue los sienten coAo propios./esde la Fundacin de Casas &istricas y Sin%ulares creeAos ue estos edificios pueden sersostenibles ener%ticaAente+ sieApre y cuando se respeten sus !alores culturales+ se e!iteninter!enciones poco afortunadas e irre!ersibles y se si%a la re%laAentacin ue les afecta enentornos histricos prote%idos.

La celebracin del Con%reso *nternacional ficiencia ner%tica y dificacin &istrica hasi%nificado para nuestra entidad sobre todo poder coApartir con los diferentes a%entesiAplicados ue han participado en las sesiones y debates esta preocupacin por la necesidad deacoAodar+ de una forAa sostenible+ la conser!acin de los bienes culturales con la deseableeficiencia ener%tica. sta eIperiencia coApartida nos ha perAitido constatar ue di!ersos %ruposde in!esti%acin de diferentes pases estn trabaHando para conse%uir resultados efecti!os eneleAentos histricos y ue+ As ue una falta de trabaHos+ no eIiste la suficiente !isibilidad paraue los estudios lle%uen a la ciudadana+ ue reuiere datos para afrontar caAbios en la %estinde los inAuebles histricos. or ello+ consideraAos ue la celebracin del Con%reso *nternacionalha sido Auy oportuna y entendeAos ue constituye una actuacin ue sin duda tendr

continuidad en el tieApo.or JltiAo+ es una buena ocasin para a%radecer el soporte constante y diario de los

AieAbros de la Fundacin de Casas &istricas y Sin%ulares+ pues %racias a ellos podeAosdesarrollar nuestro trabaHo en la defensa del atriAonio Cultural, taAbin es un buen AoAentopara a%radecer a nuestros AieAbros corporati!os+ la Fundacin 'aAn reces+ la Fundacin99$+ la Fundacin Mapfre y 5alaA+ ue se hayan unido a nosotros en esta labor deAanteniAiento de los bienes histricos.

Ana ,Ue 6ega. undacin de Casas istricas y Singu!ares


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CC%%%%iitttteeeess

SCIENTIIC C22ITTEE

Cristina Gutirrez-Cortines. Chair of the Scientific CoAAittee. rofessor of &istory of rt.ForAer MeAber of uropean arliaAent. $icepresident of rs Ci!ilis Foundation.

Mara del 'osario &eras CeleAn. &ead of the ner%y fficiency in 9uildin%s 3nit in C*MTKCentre for ner%etic+ n!ironAental and Technolo%ical 'esearches.

'alf 5ilian. Fraunhofer of Fisic of the Construction *9 *nstitut.

Mar%arita de LuIn Garca de /ie%o. rofessor at the Superior Technical School ofrchitecture of the olytechnic 3ni!ersity of Madrid.

4os Luis Gonzlez Moreno-)a!arro. rofessor of rchitectural Construction at theolytechnic 3ni!ersity of Catalonia.

lena Lucchi. ccadeAia uropea di 9olzano K3'C.

'oAn Fernandez-9aca. /irector of the ndalusian &istorical &erita%e *nstitute.

R+ANIKATIN C22ITTEE

MichPle San%lier. 3ni!ersit Libre de 9ruIelles. Coordinator of *nno!ation rea+ rs Ci!ilisFoundation.

Gabriel 'uz Cabrero. Go!ernor at the &istoric &ouses Foundation. rofessor at the Schoolof rchitecture of the olytechnic 3ni!ersity of Madrid.

na "#ez. /irector of the &istoric &ouses Foundation. rofessor at CoAplutense3ni!ersity of Madrid.

Mnica Lpez Snchez. Coordinator Cultural *ndustries and &erita%e rea+ rs Ci!ilisFoundation

CR0INATIN

Sofia GoAes da Costa. Coordinator of proHects and acti!ities at the &istoric &ousesFoundation.

Carlos San Mi%uel. Technical Coordination at the *nternational Conference on ner%yfficiency and &istoric 9uildin%s.


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3Hth Se"te%?er

INA(+(RATIN

Teresa +n!e-Ca%in. resident &istoric &ouses Foundation KFC&SLuan =nge! Es"aUa. resident rs Ci!ilis FoundationCar!s Li%ne. Spanish Cultural &erita%e *nstitute K*Cernand Nasarre. Subdirector General de oltica de Suelo del Ministerio de FoAento

PENIN+ SESSIN

Building of Tomorrow Highlights of the Austrian Research and Innovation Programme. Ing!f SchVd!er./eputy /irector General *nno!ation. Federal Ministry for Transport+ *nno!ation and Technolo%y.ustria

Dans le cadre des travau d!am"nagement ou de restauration des monuments histori#ues$ Il a%%artient au

ma&tre d!ouvrage 'ou au %ro%ri"taire( de fier les o)*ectifs en mati+re de %erformance "nerg"ti#ue des

),timents. -uelles strat"gies %euvent/tre mises en 0uvre %our d"finir ces o)*ectifs 1. Phi!i""eCharrn. ssistant director+ /irection of the preser!ation of AonuAents and collections of the Centerof the )ational MonuAents. France

323 Research and Innovation Polic4 initiative Renaturing cities. 2aria ,eryanni. olicy (fficer. 3nitSustainable Mana%eAent of )atural 'esources+ /irectorate-General for 'esearch and *nno!ation.uropean CoAAission

Sessin 1: +6ERNANCE8 2ANA+E2ENT8 PARTICIPATIN AN0 2E0IATIN

5eynote lecture

5ustaina)le 2nerg4 Action for 6orld Heritage 7anagement.Chiara Rnchini. @orld &erita%e Site ner%yfficiency Mana%er+ dinbur%h @orld &erita%e. 35

5eynote lecture

2nerg4 2fficienc4 and 3r)an Renewal of a 38259:listed historical centre; The case of Porto.=!DarSants8 Ls Seueira Q Pau! 6a!enWa. orto $i!o Sociedade de 'eabilitaRo 3rbana da 9aiIaortuense. ortu%al

resentationsHistorical heritage; from energ4 consumer to energ4 %roducer. The case of stud4 of Al)ergo dei Poveri in


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Sessin 3: TRA0ITINA* AN0 TECN*+ICA* BN/*E0+E

osters

T2R252@; herramienta inform?tica %ara la eficiencia energ"tica mediante la simulaci=n cali)rada de

edificios. Enriue +ranada8 Pa?! EguMa+ K3ni!ersity of $i%o, Ra%n 2artMne Kroyeste%al S.L.+LesXs NXUeK/ielectro industrial S.. Q 2igue! RdrMgueKClece S... Spain

2nerg4 2fficienc4 and thermal anal4sis for centralied air heating s4stems; a case stud4. 2arMa In%acu!ada2artMne+ 2igue! +%e8 Rafae! rt8 2arMa Ls 6aras. *G( KCS*C-3CM+ Spain

An?lisis energ"tico del 7useo de Historia de alencia mediante distintas herramientas de simulaci=n.

Isa?e! Trt8 Ls *uis 6iDancs8 Antni 2artMne8 C!audia 2enda. 3ni!ersitat olitPcnica de$alPncia+ Spain.

A%rovechamiento solar %asivo en la retCcula ur)ana de la ciudad hist=rica. 2l caso de 9?di. )enit

Snche+ Car!s Ru?i+ LesXs A. Pu!id. 3ni!ersity of Se!ille+ SpainTechnical s4stem histor4 and heritage.Bristiana??riQ 2arc Prete!!i+ 3ni!ersity of 9olo%na+ *taly.

5eynote lecture

5ustaina)le Refur)ishment of Historic Buildings; Riss$ 5olutions and Best Practice. Nich!as eath./irector+ )/M &eath Ltd. 35

5eynote lecture

2ficiencia energ"tica 4 valores %atrimoniales. Eecciones de una investigaci=n 4 un seminario. Ls *uis+n!e. olytechnic 3ni!ersity of Catalonia. Spain

resentations

Architectural integration of %hotovoltaic s4stems in historic districts. The case stud4 of 5antiago de9om%ostela. E!ena *ucchi.3'C+ *taly.

Historic )uilding energ4 assessment )4 means of simulation techni#ues. Si!Dia Sutu!!8 Ls Antnierrer Y 2arMa de! Rsari eras. C*MT+ Spain

Design of a control s4stem for the energ4 consum%tion evaluation in a wallheated church; 5anta 7aria

:digitria in Rome. Car! 2anfrediKolitecnico di Milano, 0anie!eraterna!i+ Andrea A!?ericiKSer!iziTerritorio S'L+ *taly

2em%lar4 energetical refur)ishment of the


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#th Se"te%?er

SSS*() B Kcontinued. resentations

9onsecuencias energ"ticas 4 constructivas de una mala %r?ctica. Ar#uitecturas desolladas.2argarita de*u@n KTS-3M+ G*3XS+ 3M+ +!ria +%e KCCY+ 2ar )ar?er KG*3XS+ 3M Q E%i!ia R%nKG*3XS+ 3M. Spain

2l )ienestar t"rmico m?s all? de las normativas. Dos casos. Dos enfo#ues. A!icia 0tr+ )e!n nechaKfficient &erita%e, Ls *uis +n!e Kolytechnic 3ni!ersity of Catalonia+ Spain

2nvironmentall4 sustaina)le %erformance of historic )uildings. The case of %laces of worshi%.2agda!ini2aJrdi%itri+ 3ni!ersity of CaAbrid%e+ 35

Ea monitoriaci=n 4 simulaci=n higrot"rmica como herramientas %ara la me*ora del confort$ %reservaci=n 4

ahorro energ"tico de es%acios %atrimoniales. 2l caso de la iglesia de 5an Francisco de AsCs$ 7or=n de la

Frontera.Car%en 2arMa 2uU8 =nge! *. *en QLai%e NaDarr. 3ni!ersity of Se!ille+ Spain

2uestions and debate.

ChairAan Luan Car!s Priet+ /irector Fundacin Santa Mara la 'eal+ Spain

SESSIN #: *E+A* AN0 TECNICA* RE+(*ATIN AN0 ISTRIC )(I*0IN+S

5eynote lecture

9an 23 Eegislation 7ae 2uro%ean Buildings 5ustaina)le$ 9omforta)le G Beautiful1. Randa!! )ie+ ChiefConsultant at 'ocZUool *nternational NS. /enAarZ

resentations:ld )uilding$ new )oilers; the future of heritage in an era of energ4 efficienc4. Edina Lans. MuseuA of

ustralian /eAocracy at (ld arliaAent &ouse+ ustralia

Historic windows; conservation or re%lacement$ what!s the most sustaina)le intervention1 Eegislative

situation$ case studies and current research.6a!eria Pracchi. olitecnico di Milano+ *taly

2nerg4 retrofit of a historical )uilding in a 38259: 6orld Heritage 5ite; an integrated cost o%timalit4 and

environmental assessment.Srgi ernand Tadeu8 Car!a Rdrigues8 Antni Tadeu8 aust reire QNun Si%[es. 3ni!ersity of CoiAbra+ ortu%al

Par#ue edificado o %atrimonio edificado; la %rotecci=n frente a la intervenci=n energ"tica. 2l caso del

Barrio de


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R282RPATH; 7etodologCa de Reha)ilitaci=n 2nerg"tica de 2dificios Patrimoniales.L. R. Pern8 P. 2artMn*ernes8 *. A. )u\ed8 0. !%ed8 L. Sa%anieg8 . +ayu?8 . rechs8 E. Ka!a%a8 L. +%e-+arcMa)er%e\8 0. 2artMn[ KFundacin C'T*F+ Spain, 6. rancisc8 . Cunha8 A. )ai KCTC$+ ortu%al, +.;aDierK'CT+ ortu%al+ P. 0%Mngue+ R. +etinK')+ Spain, L. C. Snche Y E. PastrKFundacinCiudad 'odri%o+ Spain

SESSIN $: PR2TIN8 TRAININ+8 E0(CATIN

5eynote lecture

The wor of the 5TBA and an introduction to the Retrofit


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osters only eIhibition

\Le!antaAientos aruitectnicos en Aedio rural]. Luan 2aria ida!g8 Lse Antni 2i!!n+ A!e@ 2artMn8 I.!resK3ni!ersity of the 9asue Country 3$N&3, ider *ribar KLaboratorio de Control de Calidad enla dificacin del Gobierno $asco, I. Ku?i!!aga K3ni!ersity of /eusto. Spain

\nlisis del coAportaAiento ener%tico y confort trAico con /esi%n9uilder y cotect. Caso de estudio!i!ienda de D^OD en 'euena K$alencia]. Isa?e! Trt8 Antni 2artMne8 C!audia 2enda Y SaX!SeguM. 3ni!ersitat olitPcnica de $alPncia+ Spain

\3na re!isin de publicaciones en edificios histricos desde el aspecto ener%tico]. Isa?e! Trt8 Antni2artMne Y Ls *uis 6iDancs. 3ni!ersitat olitPcnica de $alPncia+ Spain

\)ear 7ero ner%y &istorical 9uildin%. Tools and criteria for ecocoApatibile and ecoefficient conser!ation].Serena )aiani. Sapienza 3ni!ersity of 'oAe+ *taly

\LiAe-ceAent AiIture Uith iApro!ed therAal and acoustic characteristics for rehabilitation]. IrenePa!%ar8 +na! )ar!uenga Y LaDier Puentes. 3ni!ersity of lcal+ Spain

orto $i!o Sociedade de 'eabilitaRo 3rbana da 9aiIa ortuense. ortu%al

uropean cadeAy of 9ozenN9olzano K3'C. *taly


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++DDeerrnnaannccee88%%aannaaggee%%eenntt88""aarrttiiccii""aattiinnaanndd%%eeddiiaattiinn

2de!s and strategies fr %anage%ent and decisin %aJing.

+Dernance: ana!ysis f "ractices and case studies.

StaJeh!ders: r!es8 issues8 %ediatin and "artici"atin.

easi?i!ity studies f integrated s!utins and %de!s.

++??eerrnnaannaa88ggeessttiinn88""aarrttiiccii""aacciinnyy%%eeddiiaacciinn 2de!s y %ecanis%s de gestin y t%a de decisines.

+?ernana: an!isis de "rcticas y cass rea!es.

Agentes i%"!icads: r!es8 "r?!e%ticas8 %ediacin y "artici"acin.

Estudis de Dia?i!idad integra! de s!ucines y %de!s.


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SS((SSTTAAIINNAA))**EEEENNEERR++,,AACCTTIINNRR//RR**00EERRIITTAA++EE22AANNAA++EE22EENNTT

RNCINI8 C.^ P*ETT8 0.

'()C&*)*+ C. dinbur%h @orld &erita%e. dinbur%h - 35. Chiara'onchini_eUht.or%.uZ(LTT(+ /. 3)SC( 'e%ional 9ureau for Science and Culture in urope. $enice - *taly. d.poletto_unesco.or%

A)STRACT

6e now that we need to ada%t our historic environment to meet the challenges of climate change$ and

for our efforts to )e sustaina)le$ we must tae collective action to mainstream energ4 efficienc4 in the

management of 38259: 6orld Heritage 5ites '6H5(.This %a%er eamines sustaina)le energ4 governance )oth at local and international level$ drawing on the

successful e%eriences of 2din)urgh$ R28F:R35 and the 38259: Regional Bureau for 5cience and 9ulture in

2uro%e. oint action is necessar4 to tailor and a%%l4 sustaina)le energ4 %rinci%les to the different sites!

constraints and %otential o%%ortunities$ as well as to the sites! uni#ue Jgenetic code! their outstanding

universal value$ authenticit4 ':3($ integrit4 and living communities.

2din)urgh is considered an eem%lar of )est %ractice in sustaina)le energ4 governance$ %olic4 and

%ro*ects for the KLK cities in the 6orld Heritage Eist$ and for the thousands of historic cities and villages

within the 6orld 8etwor of Bios%here Reserves. 9limate change o)*ectives and actions form an integral

%art of 2din)urgh!s 6H5 7anagement Plan$ the *oint effort of local staeholders 2din)urgh 6orld Heritage

'26H($ the 9it4 of 2din)urgh 9ouncil 'Eocal Authorit4( and Historic 5cotland '


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huAan-induced risZs+ such as pollution+ urban spraUl and Aass tourisA that affect 3)SC(

desi%nated sites and @&Cs in particular. *t has thus becoAe e!en Aore challen%in% to conser!ethese Sites.

&oUe!er+ despite the ur%ency of preser!in% their outstandin% uni!ersal !alue K(3$+authenticity and inte%rity+ Ue often face opposition Uhen seeZin% to Aiti%ate or adapt @&Cs tothe effects of cliAate chan%e. SoAe ineffecti!e Aana%eAent systeAs+ lacZ of action at policyle!el+ old fashioned ideas - Uhich depict @&S as places Uhere nothin% is perAitted and nothin%should be eIperiAented for the saZe of their best conser!ation-+ ri%id financial AechanisAs+ poorin!ol!eAent of local coAAunities and insufficient critical Aass all inhibit the deli!ery of proHectsfor the abateAent of carbon eAissions+ one of the priAary causes of cliAate chan%e.

@hen dealin% Uith @&Cs and cliAate chan%e+ it is essential that threats are identified anda%reed by all staZeholders in order to create political support to carry out actions on the %round.

IeAplar %o!ernance structures+ such as the one pioneered in dinbur%h+ deAonstrate that@&Cs can lead by eIaAple in the fi%ht a%ainst cliAate chan%e. These Aodels build on the eIistin%stren%ths of the sites+ both physical and or%anisational+ to create a solid operational fraAeUorZ todeploy hi%h-le!el actions.

For instance+ historic cities are already inherently sustainable+ thanZs to their dense andcoApact structure+ Uhich alloUs for a Aore efficient+ loU-carbon Aobility and thanZs to theirhistoric fabric+ Uhich utilise adapti!e passi!e systeAs and locally sourced Aaterials.

FurtherAore+ traditional %o!ernance systeAs can be eAployed to AainstreaA cliAate chan%eAiti%ation in the city Aana%eAent+ as they are reco%nised and accepted systeAs by the city

staZeholders. These systeAs should be tailored to incorporate a %rassroots approach to create astron%er political le!era%e as a dri!er to iApleAent carbon reduction proHects and ensure lon%-terA custodianship.

1. E0IN)(R+ Y ITS /R*0 ERITA+E SITE

dinbur%h Uas inscribed as a @orld &erita%e Site in DO+ because of its (3$+ naAely thestriZin% contrast betUeen the or%anic+ Aedie!al (ld ToUn and the neoclassical )eU ToUn. The(ld ToUn sits on a rid%e laid out in a fishbone structure+ Uith the 'oyal Mile as the Aain spinestretchin% froA dinbur%h Castle to &olyrood alace. The )eU ToUn not only features acoApletely different architecture+ Uith its chessboard liZe structure+ but also eAbodies acoApletely different school of thou%ht [ the Scottish nli%htenAent+ Uhich since the D^th century

has been eIported all o!er the Uorld.

The @orld &erita%e Site boundaries coAprise the (ld ToUn and the )eU ToUn+ and containse!en conser!ation areas+ definin% different character areas and protected by stricter plannin%re%ulations. To add another layer of protection+ O of the buildin%s in dinbur%h are listed+Uhich is the hi%hest percenta%e in the 35 after London.

dinbur%h does not ha!e+ hoUe!er+ a buffer zone+ as Aost @&Ss ha!e. fter a lon% re!ieU ofthe eIistin% statutory tools and eItensi!e consultations+ it Uas decided that a buffer zone Uas notneeded as protecti!e policies+ such as conser!ation areas and Zey !ieU policy `B+ are already inplace to act and safe%uard+ Hust liZe a buffer zone Uould operate.


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Fi%ure D The (ld and the )eU ToUns of dinbur%hgs @orld &erita%e Site

Fi%ure B dinbur%hgs listed buildin%s


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Fi%ure E Itract froA the 5ey $ieU olicy in dinbur%h

There is an in!isible layer+ hoUe!er+ that cannot be seen Uith a naZed eye. The @orld &erita%eSite is+ unfortunately+ a hot spot for fuel po!erty.

This is particularly true in the (ld ToUn+ due to the transient population and the buildin%sener%y ratin%. The )eU ToUn+ instead+ appears to be in loU fuel po!erty not because thebuildin%s are Aore ener%y efficient+ but because its population is Aore affluent and can afford to

pay bills.

(Uin% to the abo!e-Aentioned plannin% constraints and fuel po!erty areas+ it is eItreAelychallen%in% to UorZ toUards the !ery hi%h carbon reduction tar%ets that the Scottish Go!ernAenthas set B by BB and ^ by BO `E.

*t is also !ery challen%in% Uhen dealin% Uith an eIceptionally coApleI housin% stocZ. *ndinbur%h+ O of the buildin%s are teneAental+ i.e. in Aultiple-oUnership and Aultiple-occupancy Kthis coApares Uith a B Scottish a!era%e, E of the buildin%s are pre-DD+ Uhichare considered by Aost as hard-to-treat properties Kthis coApares Uith an a!era%e acrossScotland of B. The AaHority of dinbur%hs listed buildin%s Uere built in either the Geor%ian or$ictorian period+ hoUe!er+ are listed Aedie!al buildin%s+ featurin% !ery thicZ stone Ualls and

sAall UindoUs. These present different challen%es froA post-@ar listed buildin%s+ Uhichrepresent a further of the o!erall listed buildin%s in the @&S.

3. E0IN)(R+ /R*0 ERITA+E AN0 TE 2ANA+E2ENT P*AN

TacZlin% all these challen%es holistically+ dinbur%h @orld &erita%e K@& is an independentnon-%o!ernAental or%anisation+ created in D by a Aer%er of the dinbur%h (ld ToUn 'eneUalTrust and the dinbur%h )eU ToUn Conser!ation CoAAittee. @& represents therefore theaAal%aAation froA these predecessor bodies Uith o!er years eIperience.

@& is set up to Aana%e+ protect and proAote the @&S in dinbur%h+ UorZin% throu%h threedifferent strands of UorZ. Firstly+ @& UorZs on education caApai%ns to raise aUareness and

en%ender a sense of custodianship of the Site, secondly+ it adAinisters a Conser!ation Fundin%ro%raAAe for the restoration and enhanceAent of the historic fabric, lastly+ it UorZs on policy+


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influencin% and draftin% the Mana%eAent lan KM for the Site to%ether Uith the tUo Zey

partners+ The City of dinbur%h Council Klocal authority and &istoric Scotland KGo!ernAenta%ency for the protection of the historic en!ironAent.

Fi%ure Fuel po!erty Aap and dinbur%h @&S boundaries

The M is a 3)SC( reuireAent and is the Zey docuAent that sets out the !ision for the Site.er se+ the M is a siAple a piece of paper, its !alue lies+ instead+ in the process of its creation.

dinbur%h has already produced tUo Ms for its Site. The second M sets out the strate%icfraAeUorZ for BDD-BDY .

9est practice dictates that the en%a%eAent process needs to be at the core of the plan in orderto create a !ision and actions based on shared !alues. Far froA bein% a ticZ-boI eIercise+ indinbur%h a year lon% consultation process Uas undertaZen to incorporate e!erybodys !ieUs+in!ol!in% all Zey staZeholders+ but also+ professionals+ coAAunity %roups+ acadeAia+ industry andthe international coAAunity.

(n top of issues such as historic en!ironAent+ li!in% coAAunities+ econoAy and transport+ thissecond M includes for the first tiAe the concepts of cliAate chan%e+ sustainability and risZ. ClearobHecti!es+ clear actions and clear Aonitorin% strate%ies are defined by Aeasurable indicators toensure that these actions are iApleAented and obHecti!es achie!ed

:)*ective @N; To tae account of climate change and sustaina)ilit4 issues in safeguarding the

outstanding universal value of the 5ite.


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:)*ective @O; To understand Ris issues )4 esta)lishing a Ris Register$ which will )e regularl4

reviewed.The M is produced by a UorZin% partnership+ the @&S Steerin% Group+ coAprisin% @&+ the

City of dinbur%h Council and &istoric Scotland. This inno!ati!e approach to the creation of thelan ensures that all the Zey Sites staZeholders a%ree on a stron% !ision+ taZe oUnership of thedocuAent and facilitate the deli!ery of its actions on the %round. The M is not a still process or afinished product+ but !ery Auch a cyclical systeA of Aana%eAent+ actions and Aonitorin%+ Uhichis continuously updated and re!ieUed by the @&S Steerin% Group.

Fi%ure O Second dinbur%h @&S Mana%eAent lan

#. ENER+, EICIENC, AN0 TRA0ITINA* )(I*0IN+S

(n the UaZe of the publication of the M in BDD+ the only aspect that the press picZed up UascliAate chan%e. The 99C stated \The aiA of the proHect is to deAonstrate hoU historic buildin%sare Aade Aore ener%y efficient+ helpin% to alle!iate fuel po!erty Uithout iApactin% on thecharacter of the buildin%]+ Uhich is the precise Aessa%e the M Uants to con!ey `O.

/espite bein% Uidely used to describe listed and pre-DD buildin%s+ the terA hard-to-treat isa ne%ati!e phrasin%+ focusin% on probleAs instead of solutions. *n the past ei%ht years+ @& hasinstead focused on solutions+ Uhat can actually be achie!ed in order to AaZe traditionally builtproperties Aore ener%y efficient Uithout coAproAisin% their authenticity and inte%rity.

Traditionally built properties Uere built to last+ ha!e stood hundreds of years+ and+ thus+ arealready inherently !ery sustainable. They feature locally sourced Aaterials+ passi!e systeAs suchas natural !entilation+ and !ernacular techniues+ such as solid stone Ualls+ Uhich+ because of


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their therAal Aass+ perforA Auch better than assessed by standard ener%y softUare. K*n note *n

situ calculations carried out by &istoric Scotland deAonstrated that solid stone Ualls ha!e ana!era%e 3-!alue of D. @NAB5 instead of B.D @NAB5 as calculated by S. ll these aspects needto be considered Uhen retrofittin% and up%radin% a traditional buildin% Uith ener%y efficiencyAeasures+ a!oidin% instead any loss of ori%inal+ sound fabric Uhene!er practicable.

Fi%ure Y &istoric &oAe Guide on ner%y fficiency

@& has collected this Uealth of eIperience in best practice %uidance for hoAeoUners li!in%in traditional and listed properties `Y+ to deAonstrate that it is possible to iApro!e ener%yefficiency in these buildin%s Uithout coAproAisin% their authentic character. @& also runs apro%raAAe of aUareness raisin% and capacity buildin% initiati!es for residents to iApro!e theirbuildin%s and reduce their fuel bills. Funded by the Scottish Go!ernAent pro%raAAe The CliAateChallen%e Fund+ ener%y efficiency UorZshops are held e!ery autuAn to help AaZe residents Aoreconfident in looZin% after their traditional properties on their oUn+ install siAple and effecti!eener%y efficiency Aeasures such as drau%ht-proofin%+ loft insulation and reinstatin% Uoodenshutters+ and ultiAately sa!e ener%y and Aoney.

@& also disseAinates best practice also on the international le!el+ throu%h the *nternationalScientific CoAAittee on Sustainability and ner%y+ and the ')F('3S platforA+ a 3)SC(initiati!e on reneUable ener%y for @&Ss and 9iospheres `. ')F('3S has collected bestpractice eIaAples froA all around the Uorld+ includin% dinbur%h+ Uith the aiA to deAonstratethat @&Ss and biospheres can lead the Uay in the fi%ht a%ainst cliAate chan%e and be Aodels forAany other cities %lobally.


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iApro!e the therAal perforAance of a hard-to-treat buildin% Uithout any detriAental effect on

its historic fabric.

$.3. Energy eritage Y Renea?!e eritage

Fi%ure ^ Solar panels bein% installed on the !alley-%utter roof of listed buildin%s

*n partnership Uith dinbur%h-based Chan%eUorZs+ @& proAoted the ner%y &erita%eproHect+ pro!idin% a best practice %uide to iApro!e ener%y efficiency in traditional and historichoAes .

The proHect coAprised the installation of a Uide ran%e of ener%y efficiency Aeasures+ as Uell asAicro-reneUables. Solar panels Uere installed on the !alley %utter roof of these 9-listed buildin%s+each panel pro!idin% solar hot Uater for each flat. 9ecause of the M-shaped roof+ the panels arecoApletely concealed froA street le!el+ Uhich Aade it possible to o!ercoAe the strict plannin%constraints of the listin% and the (ld ToUn Conser!ation rea location that Uould norAally forbidany alteration of the historic roofscape.

$ery iAportantly+ the refurbishAent did not incur in any loss of historic fabric. (n the contrary+the opportunity Uas taZen to restore the buildin% and reinstate ori%inal features+ such as Uoodenshutters+ Uhich are eIcellent ener%y efficient as Uell as herita%e friendly Aeasures.

ner%y &erita%e and 'eneUable &erita%e ha!e shoUn that the sustainability and ener%yefficiency of historic hoAes can be iApro!ed by sensiti!e and appropriate use of clean ener%y%eneration systeAs.


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$.#. 5ardest-t-treat7

Fi%ure Sir 9asel Spences Canon%ate &ousin%

@& to%ether Uith the 9roUns Close residents+ &istoric Scotland and the City of dinbur%hCouncil are UorZin% on a proHect to address both best practice conser!ation and ener%y efficiencyin a post-@ar listed buildin% Uith Aultiple oUnership and Aultiple occupancy. The proHect can bea Aodel for the of listed buildin%s that are post-@ar in the dinbur%h @&S in+ and the AanyAore eIaAples that can be found in Scotland and urope.

The 9-listed buildin% is a fine eIaAple of Aodernist architecture froA renoUned architect Sir9asil Spence. *t Uas built in DY as an interestin% AiI of brutalist+ concrete construction Uith!ernacular eleAents. The buildin% has a O-year desi%n life+ and definitely Uas not desi%ned to beener%y efficient.

*n this proHect+ best practice Uas folloUed froA the start Uith the production of a Conser!ation

StateAent+ Uhich defines the areas of hi%her and loUer si%nificance in the buildin%+ and thereforeUhat de%ree of alteration is perAissible. The ener%y efficiency iApro!eAents proposed ha!ebeen assessed a%ainst these paraAeters+ in order to understand the iApact they Uould ha!e onthe inte%rity and authenticity of the buildin% as Uell as the actual efficacy of the Aeasures.

/ue to their uniue characters+ traditional+ historic and listed buildin%s or sites ha!e to becarefully assessed throu%h a tailored conser!ation analysis and an ener%y assessAent in order toidentify the Aost appropriate scope of UorZs. This is !ery true for post-@ar listed buildin%s asUell+ and definitely this eIercise helped identify the best ener%y efficiency Aeasures for thisbuildin%. For instance+ photo!oltaic panels and C& systeAs ha!e been both selected asappropriate Aeasures+ both froA their iApact on the si%nificance of the buildin% and their

calculated perforAance.


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Fi%ure D Itract froA the ener%y assessAent AatriI

$.$. istric Street *ighting Strategy

Fi%ure DD @a!erley 9rid%e L/ installation

dinbur%h is tar%etin% the historic fabric holistically+ not Hust addressin% ener%y efficiency tothe buildin%s but also the space-betUeen-the buildin%s. ner%y efficient N sAart historic streetli%htin% is definitely becoAin% a Aore iAportant topic for historic cities.

The city centre in dinbur%h is poorly lit+ and therefore the aiA is to increase li%htin% le!els insoAe streets+ but o!erall reduce consuAption. Uhilst L/s are installed Uhen a Aore Aodernapproach to li%htin% is reuired and suitable+ such as in the @a!erley 9rid%e proHect. &ere the L/art installation has draAatically iApro!ed the li%htin% le!els+ iApro!in% the safety and reducin%

anti social beha!iour of the area.


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Fi%ure DB Lon%-life induction laAps in the historic core

&oUe!er+ L/s are not alUays the Aost appropriate solution+ as they do not %i!e the uality ofli%ht needed for historic li%htin%. Lon%-life induction laAps are used instead of L/s+ as theeuipAent can be retrofitted Uithin the eIistin% ori%inal shell or a reproduction. Lon%-lifeinduction laAps ha!e also a Aore diffused li%ht and a less sharp definition than L/s. Lon%-lifesa!in%s are Aade throu%h Aaintenance+ as the D-year durability is coAparable to L/s. They arealso uite adaptable+ as they can be diAAed by electronic %ear.

They both are still !ery eIpensi!e solutions. The hope is that further de!elopAent is %oin% tobe Aade on L/s to be Uidely applicable in the historic en!ironAent at a Aore con!enientuality-cost-durability ratio.

&. 0()R6NIB PRINCIP*ES

dinbur%hs eIperience shoUs that %ood le!els of ener%y efficiency can protect thesustainability of traditional hoAes Kboth their fabric and their function+ and ensure thathouseholders achie!e affordable UarAth and iApro!ed coAfort le!els. *t has also deAonstratedthat clean reneUable ener%y can also be %enerated on site and on a Auch sAaller scale+ UithoutcoAproAisin% the uality and authenticity of the herita%e. @ith the appropriate ZnoUled%e and%ood %o!ernance+ Aicro-%eneration has a future role to play in historic cities.

(n this note+ the /ubro!niZ rinciples Uere concei!ed by 3)SC( $enice (ffice+ @& andpartners to %uide other @&Ss throu%h best practice Aethodolo%y to AainstreaA ener%yefficiency in their Aana%eAent systeAs. The principles draU on the eIperience %ained throu%hthe three-year initiati!e 5ummer 5chool on 5ustaina)le 2nerg4


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in /ubro!niZ to build capacity of professionals and local authorities in the Aana%eAent of @&Ss

`D.

s the 3)SC( ')F('3S initiati!e publication+


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*n terAs of %o!ernance+ 3)SC( desi%nated sites should rely on an inte%rated Aana%eAent

systeA that Aust necessarily include the sustainable ener%y diAension aAon% its strate%iccoAponents Uithin the fraAeUorZs of sustainable de!elopAent and cliAate chan%e Aiti%ationstrate%y DB.

FurtherAore+ the AainstreaA of %eneral principles in the Aana%eAent plan of the sites istoothless if clear obHecti!es+ concrete sustainable ener%y action plans and reliable Aonitorin%functions are not put in place to ensure both coApliance and effecti!eness. The robustness of theinitiati!es undertaZen is AaHorly deterAined by the le!el of oUnership and of appropriatenesseIpressed by its social constituents KcoAAunities+ users+ local authorities and national%o!ernAents Uith dedicated actions and proHect-based acti!ities carried out to brid%e the %apbetUeen forAal stateAents and substantial policies and practices.

articipation and coAAunity in!ol!eAent should be reinforced Uith adeuate eIpertise+ Uithsufficient interdisciplinary sZills to act as a dri!in% force for enhancin% sustainable ener%y on site+eApoUerin% local actors and offerin% a !oluntary ser!ice of Aentorin% and counsellin% onsustainable ener%y to citizens and local adAinistrators. Capacity buildin% both Uithin thecoAAunity and the pool of local eIpertise should also be fostered by dedicated trainin%pro%raAAes+ usin% siAilar sites as learnin% cases. The @orld &erita%e *nforAation )etUorZK@&*) should also be used+ brin%in% to%ether representati!es froA ener%y+ cultural anden!ironAental sectors and inte%ratin% natural and cultural conser!ation reuireAents Uithsustainable ener%y-related applications and inno!ation.

ublic aUareness on sustainable ener%y concepts and practices to 3)SC( desi%nated sitesshould be enhanced as a part of the o!erall obHecti!e of ducation for Sustainable /e!elopAent+

throu%h the sharin% of science-based e!idence of direct eIperiences and successful case studiesapplied in other 3)SC( sites as Aade also a!ailable throu%h the ')F('3S *nitiati!e.

*n terAs of iApleAentation strate%y+ a holistic approach to proHect and site acti!ities isnecessary. This should include+ Uhere!er appropriate+ the concept of Historic 3r)an Eandsca%e`DE+ in order to a enhance the relationship betUeen people and their places+ b en%ender asense of lon%-terA custodianship of the sites tan%ible and intan%ible herita%e+ and c establish abaseline reference for operational and bud%etary purposes. Moreo!er+ the Aa%nitude and thescale of actions should be differentiated to ensure their feasibility. The body in char%e ofsustainable ener%y Aana%eAent in the site should be able to establish a ran%e of iApro!eAentAeasures+ froA the siAple to the Aore coApleI+ and to analyse their iApact on the sites assetsand coAAunities. These Aeasures should be iApleAented throu%h an inte%rated approach

coAbinin% practical solutions ran%in% froA conser!ation to ener%y Uith a dedicated Aonitorin%systeA to assess achie!ed results. The saAe body should be also capable of a supportin% thedeli!ery of effecti!e and necessary actions of consultation and interfacin% Uith public and pri!ateinstitutions, b desi%nin% and coordinatin% coAAunity-based proHect iApleAentation andAonitorin% actions on site, and+ c pro!idin% feedbacZ to %o!ernin% bodies on possible policychan%es and liaisin% Uith nationalNinternational actors and possible donors to Aobilise eItrafinancial and institutional resources to increase the iApact of its acti!ities.

Finally+ if the authors Aay su%%est a Uay forUard for 3)SC( desi%nated sites+ then oneshould relate clearly to the sites hi%hly deAonstrati!e+ inspirin% and uni!ersal nature. Sites Austact as eIeAplars and first and foreAost inspire policies and practices of ener%y sustainability for

non-desi%nated sites %lobally. Sustainable ener%y Aana%eAent is feasible throu%h an inte%ratedsysteA eAbedded in the sites %o!ernance+ Uhilst preser!in% the sites uniue assets+ both at


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cultural and natural le!els+ and fosterin% an iApro!ed uality of life and coAfort le!els of their

coAAunities.

'. A)(T TE A(TRS

CCIIAARRAARRNNCCIINNIIM.rch '*9 '*S@orld &erita%e Site ner%y fficiency Mana%erdinbur%h @orld &erita%eO 9aZehouse Close+ DY Canon%ate+ dinbur%h&^ ^//

T X KDED BB E Chiara'onchini_eUht.or%.uZ

@ UUU.eUht.or%.uZ

Chiara 'onchini is the @orld &erita%e Site ner%y fficiency Mana%er Uith dinbur%h @orld &erita%e.She leads a sAall teaA initiatin%+ Aana%in% and deli!erin% ener%y efficiency pro%raAAes+ coAAunity-ledre%eneration proHects and de!elopin% cliAate chan%e research for the Site throu%h local+ national andinternational netUorZs.

Chiara is a 35 Chartered rchitect and currently sits on the *C(M(S *nternational Scientific CoAAitteeon ner%y and Sustainability. She also teaches the %o!ernance Aodule at the 3)SC( School onSustainable ner%y in @orld &erita%e Sites in South-ast urope.

Chiara pre!iously collaborated Uith 3)SC( in 3zbeZistan+ on the Mana%eAent and Conser!ation lanof the &istoric City of 9uZhara. She also UorZed Uith the @orld &erita%e Centre as a Consultant+ ad!isin% onthe definition of a sustainable Aana%eAent systeA for &istoric Cairo+ Uithin the fraAeUorZ of thepro%raAAe Safe%uardin% of Cultural &erita%e in %ypt.

00AA66II00EEPP**EETTTT3)SC( $enice (fficeConsultant+Science 3nitE Castello - alazzo 7orziEDBB $enice+ *talyX E KD BY.DO.BYd.poletto_unesco.or%

/a!ide oletto is a practitioner of international cooperation and an eIpert in sustainable de!elopAent

and %o!ernance affairs Uith Aain professional field UorZ eIperience in South ast urope since D.&e %raduated in olitical Sciences+ *nternational 'elations+ at the 3ni!ersity of adua and is a forAer

Marie Curie felloU at the 3ni!ersity of 5eele in 35. &e holds a uropean h/ in analysis and %o!ernance ofsustainable de!elopAent froA the 3ni!ersity Ca Foscari of $enice.

&e Hoined 3)SC( in B and started to collaborate Uith the $enice (ffice froA BY. &e carries out anuAber of interdisciplinary and eItra bud%etary acti!ities related to the broad field of internationalcooperation and sustainability issue+ Sustainable ner%y and 'isZ reparedness.

&e is also author and co-author of international articles and booZs on the abo!eAentioned subHects./a!ide oletto has been the Aain initiator and desi%ner of the 3)SC( School on Sustainable ner%y in

3)SC( desi%nated Sites.


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. REERENCES

`D Colette+ . KB. 9ase 5tudies on 9limate 9hange and 6orld Heritage. aris 3)SC( @orld &erita%eCentre.

`B The City of dinbur%h Council KBD. The 54line 5tud4.httpNNUUU.edinbur%h.%o!.uZNinfoNBYONconser!ationNBNthesZylinestudy. dinbur%h.

`E The Scottish Go!ernAent KB. 9limate 9hange '5cotland( Act KNN.httpNNUUU.le%islation.%o!.uZNaspNBNDBNcontents.

` dinbur%h @orld &erita%e+ The City of dinbur%h Council+ &istoric Scotland KBDD. The :ld and 8ewTowns of 2din)urgh 6orld Heritage 5ite 7anagement Plan KNOOKNOQ.httpNNUUU.eUht.or%.uZNuploadsNdoUnloadsN@&SMana%eAentlanBBDD.pdf.

`O KD^ (ctober BDD. 2din)urgh 6orld Heritage site; 2ffect of climate change. 99C )eUs.

`Y 'onchini+ C.+ Q &aase+ 5. KBD+ Bnded.. Historic Home


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EENNEERR++,,EEIICCIIEENNCC,,AANN00((RR))AANNRREENNEE//AA**AA((NNEESSCC--

**IISSTTEE00IISSTTRRIICCAA**CCEENNTTEERR::TTEECCAASSEEPPRRTT

SANTS8 =.^ 6A*EN_A8 P.^ SE(EIRA8 L.

S)T(S+ 0. orto $i!o+ S'3 [ Sociedade de 'eabilitaRo 3rbana da 9aiIa ortuense S..+ orto [ ortu%al.sru.porto!i!o_cA-porto.pt

$L)1+ . orto $i!o+ S'3 [ Sociedade de 'eabilitaRo 3rbana da 9aiIa ortuense S..+ orto [ ortu%al.sru.porto!i!o_cA-porto.pt

S23*'+ 4. orto $i!o+ S'3 [ Sociedade de 'eabilitaRo 3rbana da 9aiIa ortuense S..+ orto [ ortu%al.sru.porto!i!o_cA-porto.pt

A)STRACTPorto ivo$ 5R3 %romotes the reha)ilitation of degraded heritage$ and among the esta)lished

%artnershi%s$ it was develo%ed the


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institutions Uith responsibilities in the coAAon UorZ of buildin%s rehabilitation in the &istoric

Centre of orto Korto $i!o+ S'3+ the ner%y %ency of orto+ the 9uildin% hysics Laboratory+ theConstruction and 'eal state *nstitute+ and the 'e%ional /irectorate of Culture. *t tar%ets all thea%ents that inter!ene in the rehabilitation process by deli!erin% %uidelines for desi%n andiApleAentation+ aiAin% at a better ener%etic-en!ironAental perforAance of the rehabilitatedbuildin%s.

Such publication and such practice+ such Uay of rehabilitatin%+ are ali%ned Uith the coAAonobHecti!e of AaZin% orto a city stron%ly less producti!e of C(B. The city is coAAitted Uith theCo!enant of Mayors and Uith the urope BB Strate%y+ and so the attention to theen!ironAental diAension+ eco-sustainable urban proHects+ is hi%hly !alorised.

'eachin% this point+ our interest is concentrated in soAe uestions+ Uhich Uill be de!eloped inthe present UorZ+ as for instance

&oU can ner%y fficiency really be proAoted in historic areasj

&oU can this contribute to the %oals of the urope BB Strate%yj

&oU can this concern Uith ner%y fficiency be put into practice Uhen reno!atin% DOthcentury houses to BDst standardsj

nother topic of discussion is related Uith the iApleAentation of 4SS*C `ii financialinstruAent and hoU it has alloUed the de!elopAent of neU proHects+ naAely the proAotion ofsustainable urban de!elopAent. Such an instruAent is rele!ant Uhen Ue try to eIpand thesupport to urban rehabilitation of historic buildin%s and up%rade theA by introducin% ener%yefficiency coAponents. Thus+ orto $i!o+ S'3 has desi%ned a 4SS*C-type fund that stands as asupport to sAall property oUners that do not ha!e the resources or cant %et coAAercial loans toperforA these Zinds of operations. @e hi%hli%ht also hoU such a AechanisA can be stren%thenedand replicated by other cities or entities.

*n the neIt section+ Ue Uill present the coApany orto $i!o+ S'3 and hoU it has de!elopedtUo Aain proHects of rehabilitation and re!italization of the city centre+ one in 7orro da 5"andthe other one in 7ouinhoFlores Iis. FolloUin% section Uill deal Uith the ener%y efficiencypublication and hoU it presents a technical roadAap to any proHect proAoter. Finalizin%+ Ue Uillbriefly present the fund intended to support ener%y efficiency operations in the &istoric Centre oforto.

3. TE C2PAN, PRT 6I68 SR( AN0 ITS INTER6ENTIN IN TE ISTRIC CENTRE PRT /R*0 ERITA+E

orto $i!o+ S'3 is a public coApany+ Uith tUo shareholders, one bein% the national *nstitute of&ousin% and 3rban 'ehabilitation KY and the other one the City Council of orto K. *t Uasset up in B+ Uith fi!e Aain strate%ic obHecti!es defined in the Masterplan `D of the coApany+naAely

the reno!ation and re-population of the city centre,

the de!elopAent of business and proAotion of orto doUntoUn area,

the re!italisation of coAAerce,

the de!elopAent of tourisA+ culture and leisure,


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the iApro!eAent of public spaces.

fter ten years of UorZ in the area+ si%nificant chan%es ha!e been Aade. The historic centreand the doUntoUn area is no lon%er a part of the city Uhich is for%otten or in a state of disrepair+but it is noU one of the Aost !ibrant and attracti!e part of the city.

The historic centre of orto Uas declared as a @orld &erita%e Site by 3)SC( in DY. *n B^+orto $i!o+ S'3 and the City Council of orto ha!e produced the \Mana%eAent lan of the&istoric Centre of orto @orld &erita%e] `B+ Uhich hi%hli%hts the coApleIity of inter!enin% in thissite.

orto $i!o+ S'3 has used an interdisciplinary approach to AaZe pro%ress in terAs ofpreser!ation and !alorisation of the historic centre+ and conseuently its lon%-terA protectionand !itality.

*Aa%e D 3rban 'ehabilitation rea of the &istoric Centre of orto `E

The 3rban 'ehabilitation rea of the &istoric Centre of orto `E co!ers half a suareZiloAetre+ Uith a population of approIiAately O+ people+ and a total nuAber of D+E

buildin%s. The inter!ention Uas structured into ten operations+ but firstly it Uas concentred ontUo sections 7orro da 5" and 7ouinhoFloresIis Kcf.+ *Aa%e D. The action pro%raAAes of7orro da 5"and 7ouinhoFloresIis ha!e been supported by the (perational ro%raAAe ().Bof the )ational Strate%ic 'eference FraAeUorZ.

The action pro%raAAe of Morro da S considers specific characteristics of the area+ naAely+socio-econoAic ones. The plan indicates a total of D+ inhabitants+ O of UhoA are o!er YOyears old+ li!in% in an area Uhere the a!era%e incoAe is mBO per Aonth. For a total nuAber ofBB^ buildin%s+ Aainly froA Medie!al tiAes+ Y need repair UorZ. The action pro%raAAedesi%ned for this area included+ as physical in!estAent+ the iApro!eAent of public spaces+ thebuildin% of a students residence and a tourist accoAAodation unit+ the eItension and up%radin%of a residence for elderly+ the pro!ision of teAporary accoAAodation for the residents+ and+

finally+ the proAotion of ner%y fficiency in the buildin%s oUned by orto $i!o+ S'3.


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*n the case of MouzinhoNFlores Iis+ aAon% its specific features+ it is hi%hli%hted in its action

pro%raAAe hoU Aore coAAercial this area is. The streets are Uider and the buildin%s+ Uhichtotal BD+ are Aore recent+ as they date froA DYth century until the Dth century. More than halfof these ha!e soAe sort of coAAerce. &ere+ O of the buildin%s are assessed as in bad state ofconser!ation+ and B of the buildin%s are !acant. *n this case+ the action pro%raAAe ofMouzinhoNFlores included soAe iAportant physical inter!entions the iApro!eAents of publicspaces, the reno!ation of the AuseuA of the &oly &ouse of Mercy of orto, the businessincubator of the "outh Foundation, and the ort @ine tour. *t Uas also proposed in the ori%inalaction pro%raAAe the proHect of de!elopin% ner%y fficiency in the buildin%s. &oUe!er+ the plansUere put on hold as+ because this action Uas not eli%ible for funds. The uropean 3nionre%ulations deterAined that pri!ate oUners of the buildin%s could not benefit froA subsidies.

orto $i!o+ S'3 has also UorZed on ener%y efficiency in a Aore intan%ible Uay+ naAely+ by

de!elopin% a Guide ` for any proAoter Uho Uants to rehabilitate a buildin% in the historiccentre+ and by proposin% a 4SS*C-type Fund for the support of reneUin%. The Guide Uasde!eloped in partnership Uith the orto ner%y %ency+ the 'e%ional /irectorate of Culture+ theLaboratory of hysics of Construction and the *nstitute of Construction+ Uhile the Fund is bein%de!eloped Uithin the Local Support Group of the CS* urope proHect+ Uhere orto $i!o+ S'3 is thepartner institution. These theAes Uill be de!eloped in the neIt sections.

#. A TECNICA* RA0 2AP: TE TER2S REERENCE +(I0E R ENER+, AN0EN6IRN2ENTA* PERR2ANCE

The rehabilitation of buildin%s in historical centres+ a condition for their !itality+ faces tUochallen%es to %i!e theA Aodern standards of coAfort and habitability Uhile preser!in% thearchitectural and cultural identity.

*n the last century+ the housin% standards ha!e e!ol!ed toUards Aore coAfort and Aoreener%y consuAption+ Uith associated ne%ati!e en!ironAental iApacts. So+ it becaAe essential to%uarantee that construction solutions and technolo%ies used in the rehabilitation of the buildin%en!elope AaIiAise its passi!e perforAance and then+ to assess the best ener%y resources andtechnolo%y to satisfy each situation. That is Uhy it Uas de!eloped a %uideline for the ener%y-en!ironAent perforAance in the rehabilitation of buildin%s in the historical centre of orto.

The Guide of TerAs of 'eference for the ner%etic-n!ironAental erforAance'ehabilitation of 9uildin%s of the &istoric Centre of orto ` hi%hli%hts and uantifies theopportunities+ the Aeans and the liAits of the different construction solutions.

This is intended to establish Aodels for actin% in the roofs+ facades and draUs+ in order toiApro!e the therAal insulation Uhen ha!in% hi%h teAperatures KXN- B^ Celsius or loUteAperatures KXN- D Celsius. *t is further considered the proAotion and re%ulation of theinstallation of solar panels that a!oid the use of ener%y less-en!ironAentally friendly.

@ith re%ard to roofs and facades+ the proposal %oes toUards puttin% therAal insulation panelsunder the tiles+ soAetiAes outside the facade under the coatin%+ soAetiAes inside Uhen therearent conditions outside+ because of ceraAic tiles+ for instance.

'e%ardin% fraAes for draUs+ Zeepin% the desi%n and the Aore traditional Uay of usa%e+ it ispointed out the use of double %lazin%.


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s far as solar panels are concerned+ their installation Aust be inte%rated and le!elled Uith the

tiles plan+ by not creatin% any !isual a%%ression Uhen they can be seen in the roofs at hi%herle!els.

These actions increase the cost of any inter!ention by about DB+ but in ten years thisin!estAent is reco!ered as a result of the econoAy in ener%y consuAption.

Still+ the lacZ of financial support to in!estors Uho Uish to inter!ene in buildin%s built in theseareas+ Uhere the rules and reuireAents are hi%her and Aore costly than elseUhere [ UhichAaZes soAe of theA uit [+ Aade orto $i!o+ S'3 UorZ on a fund Uhich could support this Zindof operations.

$. A INANCIA* INSTR(2ENT: A LESSICA-T,PE (N0 R TE S(PPRT TE

RENE/IN+ TE ISTRIC CENTRE PRT /R*0 ERITA+Eorto $i!o+ S'3 has proHected the creation of a Fund `O+ Uhich falls Uithin the creation of

3rban /e!elopAent Funds K3/Fs+ fraAed by 4SS*C initiati!e. @ithin the FraAeUorZro%raAAe BD-BB+ the application of 3 Structural Funds as reiAbursable fundin% Uill bereinforced !ia these neU financial en%ineerin% scheAes+ instead of the traditional Uay of assistin%stand-alone proHects throu%h non-repayable funds. )e!ertheless+ the rele!ance of the latter forAof fundin% for !arious public-dri!en proHects is still crucial.

The proposal of creatin% a 4SS*C-type fund is bein% produced by the Local ction Group forthe proHect CS* urope+ Uhich has been co-financed by the uropean 'e%ional /e!elopAent Fundthrou%h the 3'9CT ** ro%raAAe. Such proposal is still a UorZ in pro%ress.

*t Uas taZe into account the needs and pressin% probleAs for the rehabilitation of buildin%s inthe &istoric Centre of orto. Therefore+ orto $i!o+ S'3 proposed a Fund that should be appliedto deep or AediuA-size rehabilitation inter!entions. &oUe!er+ the inter!entions are conditionedto the use of techniues and Aaterials that contribute to the ener%y efficiency+ thus reducin% theener%y bills of doAestic consuAption+ as Uell as C(BeAissions+ and also contributin% to coAfortand iApro!ed health and Uell-bein% of the population `Y. There obHecti!es are in line also Uiththe urope BB Strate%y %oals.

The access of 3 funds to pri!ate oUners is a crucial aspect in this euation. *n historicalcentres+ as it is proposed for orto+ this is critical so that the strate%y of urban rehabilitation ispursued by the local coAAunity as a Uhole. The lo%ic is to support the sAall property oUner andthe resident oUner, otherUise it Uould be encoura%ed a process of %entrification+ Uhich is

alto%ether undesirable. These oUners suffered directly the pressure on the toUn centre of anuncontrolled eIpansion of the urban periphery+ Uhich eIerted direct coApetition for publicin!estAent in infrastructural proHects+ enablin% property in!estAent and deAand for hoAeoUnership+ since it Uas facilitated by loans %ranted by banZs at loU interest rates.

Therefore+ the purpose of the Fund ')'G*.C& `O is to encoura%e and le!era%erehabilitation and reco!ery inter!entions of buildin%s+ at broaden terAs+ supportin% actions aiAedat increasin% the coAfort in their use and iApro!in% ener%y efficiency. Moreo!er+ it is intended topro!ide conteAporary conditions of use of dUellin%s and old buildin%s+ Uhose locations andnei%hbourhood conteIts %enerate re-housin% dynaAics and boostin% dynaAics of localeconoAies. *t also aiAs at achie!in% a uni!erse currently not co!ered by supports Uithin the

rehabilitation and reco!ery processes of buildin%s+ particularly because uropean fundin% is noteli%ible to pri!ate de!elopers Uishin% to rehabilitate residential buildin%s+ for oUn use or rental.


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Since this proposal is still bein% UorZed on by the Local ction Group of the CS* urope proHect+

a Aore detailed analysis cannot be Aade at this sta%e.

&. CNC*(SIN

@e ha!e focused on the rehabilitation process conducted by orto $i!o+ S'3 in the city centreof orto. *t Uas presented in this UorZ the coApany and the Uay it has de!eloped tUo specificproHects+ naAely+ the action pro%raAAes 7orro da 5"and 7ouinhoFloresIis.

Such eIperience has had an iApact in the Uay orto $i!o+ S'3 is proAotin% ener%y efficiencyin the conteIt of rehabilitation inter!entions. The technical roadAap offers a Uay forUard+ butthere Uas still lacZin% the support to sAall property oUners+ a %ap Uhich this public coApany islooZin% to o!ercoAe.

The proposal of a financial instruAent+ Uhich Uill be part of the Local ction Group of the CS*urope proHect+ can becoAe the Uay to spread the rehabilitation UorZs at a Aassi!e scale.

orto city centre has stron% protection re%ulations of the physical herita%e+ due to its 3)SC(classification+ but it is still stru%%lin% to Aeet the ener%y efficiency tar%ets set. li%nin% thetechnical roadAap Uith the 4SS*C-type financial instruAent facilitates the ZnoUled%e and theAechanisA to put in practice these coAAon obHecti!es.

'. REERENCES

`D. orto $i!o+ S'3 and CAara Municipal do orto KBO. Masterplan para a 'e!italizaRo 3rbana eSocial da 9aiIa do orto. orto orto $i!o+ S'3. 'etrie!ed froA httpNNUUU.porto!i!osru.ptNptNarea-de-atuacaoNenuadraAento

`B. CAara Municipal do orto Q orto $i!o+ S'3 Kds.. KBD. lano de Gesto do Centro &istrico doorto atriAnio Mundial. orto orto $i!o+ S'3.

È. orto $i!o+ S'3 KBDB. /eliAitaRo da 0rea de 'eabilitaRo 3rbana do Centro &istrico do orto eA*nstruAento rprio. orto orto $i!o+ S'3. 'etrie!ed froAhttpNNUUU.porto!i!osru.ptNpdfsN/L'3C&43)BDB.pdf

`. orto $i!o+ S'3+ d orto [ %ncia de ner%ia do orto+ LFC [ Laboratrio de Fsica das ConstruRqes+*nC*+ *.. [ *nstituto da ConstruRo e do *Aobilirio Q /ireRo 'e%ional da Cultura do )orte KBDE.'eabilitaRo de difcios do Centro &istrico do orto Guia de TerAos de 'eferncia para o/eseApenho ner%tico-Abiental KBnd d.. orto orto $i!o+ S'3. 'etrie!ed froAhttpNNUUU.porto!i!osru.ptNAorroseNfileMana%erNeditorNpdfsNGuiaTerAos'eferencia.pdf

Ò. orto $i!o+ S'3 KBD. 3rban /e!elopAent Fund roposal ')'G*.C&. orto orto $i!o+ S'3.

`Y. Copenha%en conoAics KBDB. Multiple benefits of ener%y efficient reno!ations in buildin%s. 'etrie!edfroA httpNNUUU.reno!ate-europe.euNuploadsNMultipleBbenefitsBofBBreno!ationsBinBbuildin%sB-BFullBreportBandBappendiI.pdf

. NTES

ì. \CS* urope City Sustainable *n!estAent in urope [ MaZin% financial instruAents UorZ for cities] hasbeen co-financed by the uropean 'e%ional /e!elopAent Fund throu%h the 3'9CT ** (perationalro%raAAe.


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`ii. cronyA of the 4oint uropean Support for Sustainable *n!estAent in City reas initiati!e+ financialinstruAent proAoted by the uropean CoAAission and de!eloped by the uropean *n!estAent 9anZK*9 Uith the support of the Council of urope /e!elopAent 9anZ.


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IISSTTRRIICCAA**EERRIITTAA++EE::RR22EENNEERR++,,CCNNSS((22EERRTTEENNEERR++,,PPRR00((CCEERR..TTEECCAASSEESSTT((00,,TTEE55AA**))EERR++

00EEIIPP66EERRII77++EENNAA88IITTAA**,,

RANC8 +.^ +(ERRINI8 2.^ CARTESE+NA8 2.

F')C(+ G. 3ni!ersity of Genoa+ olytechnic School+ /epartAent /S. Genoa [ *taly. franco%_arch.uni%e.itG3''*)*+ M. 3ni!ersity of Genoa+ olytechnic School+ /epartAent /S. Genoa - *talyC'TSG)+ M. n%ineer. Genoa - *taly

A)STRACT

The monumental com%le of the JAl)ergo dei Poveri! was )uilt )etween the late 5eventeenth centur4 and

the middle of the 8ineteenth as a monumental structure for charita)le %ur%oses. The idea of the com%le

was )ased on the segregation of %oor and diseased %eo%le$ divided for se$ age$ social status and %h4sical

health. The monumental com%le occu%ies a total surface of a)out QN$NNN s#uare meters$ and the green

area )ehind the com%le$ alletta 5an 8icola$ a)out KL$NNN s#uare meters. The )uilding was almost

com%letel4 a)andoned since more than a decade$ hence a renewal %ro*ect was defined in order to allow a

com%lete use of the )uilding as a universit4 cam%us '%ole for humanities(.


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!aluable reusable resources and their inte%rated conser!ation can eItend the acti!e life in

reasonable future econoAic conditions. 9ut historical architectures and districts are at the saAetiAe non-reneUable resources and therefore the inter!entions should be able to cope Uithspecific conflicts of interests+ so that the achie!eAent of neU reuireAents for Aodernisation donot alter intrinsic !alues of the historical herita%e.

Moreo!er+ the relation betUeen Sustainability and &erita%e is often reduced to the Aeretechnical sphere of ener%y sa!in% or the application of neU technical disposals supplied byreneUable ener%ies. ConteAporary a%e often confuses technolo%ical inno!ation Uith the socialutility of techniues to sol!e probleAs+ therefore contributin% to a !ision of technolo%y assuAedto ha!e total and absolute !alue. The relationship betUeen technolo%ical inno!ation andarchitectural and en!ironAental research is+ conseuently+ still lar%ely a process of the siApleapplication of products and technolo%ies+ in other Uords+ of applied science+ Uhich does not

constitute real inno!ation. This often leads to an unbalanced and risZy relationship and to a%reater eAphasis on Hust the technical coAponents that do not correspond to effecti!e culturalad!anceAent. )either do they iApro!e the capacity to assiAilate and Aodify the technolo%y toachie!e hi%her lon%-terA obHecti!es.

neU approach and balance betUeen Sustainability and &erita%e Aay contribute to an e!erAore necessary o!erturn in the obHecti!es and cultural references Uhich until noU ha!e beenconsidered eIclusi!e. This is the Aethodolo%ical approach at the base of the research herepresented focused on the lber%o dei o!eri of Genoa+ specific obHect of a research pro%raA ofnational interest K'*) BD Built Heritage Information 7odelling7anagementBHI77$national coordinator prof. Stefano /ella Torre+ responsible for the local 3nity of Genoa prof.Stefano F. Musso. The coApleI is also obHect of a %rant froA Li%uria 'e%ion+ in!ol!in% nsaldoner%ia+ titled 5mart grid; intelligent management of historical architectural heritage fund on theuropean Social Fund Li%uria 'e%ion B-BDE Iis *$ \&uAan Capital] specific obHecti!e lNYKscientific referent prof. arch. Gio!anna Franco+ researcher arch. Marco Guerrini+ ener%yconsultant prof. in%. nna Ma%rini+ technical plants consultant in%. Marco Cartese%na.

3. TE C2P*E; TE 5A*)ER+ 0EI P6ERI7 +ENA8 AN CCASIN RESEARC

The \lber%o dei o!eri] in Geno!a is a !ast architectural coApleI that de!eloped betUeenthe Aid-se!enteenth and the nineteenth century+ but Uas ne!er coApleted accordin% to theori%inal plan `D. Further+ it ZneU se!eral transforAations in the internal spaces+ due to the

chan%in% of the social reality of the toUn+ of the e!olution of the scientific+ social and politicalthou%ht and+ conseuently+ of the Aethods of hostin% the poor and taZin% care of theA. For thesepurposes the lber%o Uas founded by Aanuele 9ri%nole Sale+ a representati!e of one of therichest and outstandin% noble faAilies belon%in% to the eIclusi!e circle of those Uho ruled the(li%archic 'epublic+ since the tiAes of its father ndrea /(ria. *t hosted+ durin% the periods ofAaIiAuA eIpansion and acti!ity+ alAost three thousand of persons and it closed its doors e!eryni%ht as it Uere a place of reclusion. Till the recent abandonAent and thanZs to its strate%icposition and scale+ it thus represented for centuries+ an iAportant urban Kinfrastructure. Thelber%o Uas built in a !alley iAAediately out of the second city Ualls of the siIteen century andreAained out of the urban settleAent till their destruction Kfirst decades of the nineteen centuryrealized to alloU the %roUth of the city toUards the surroundin% hills to the north. This Aeans

that the architects had to desi%n+ first of all+ the re-Aodelin% of the !alley+ the reduction of theirrocZs slopin% sides+ the co!erin% of their ri!erKs and the successi!e fillin% of the natural basin to


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obtain a re%ular and flat surface upon Uhich foundin% the coApleI. For these reasons Ue are not

siAply in front of a buildin%+ e!en if hu%e and !ast+ but of a real urban structure that deeplyaffected and Aodified the landscape. The Aain steps of its construction date betUeen DYOY+ yearof the coAplete acuisition of the land+ and DYY Uhen the south and east Uin%s Uere alAostcoApleted. The Aain UorZs ended in D^EB Uith the construction of part of the north Uin% and theUest one+ ne!er coApletin% the ori%inal plan toUards Uest+ for technical and econoAical reasonsand other transforAations Uere afterUards realized to adapt the coApleI to neU needs.

*Aa%e D. The coApleI of lber%o dei o!eri and the %reen !alley behind K$alletta S. )icola

3.1. The status f the c%"!e@ and a strategy fr the future

t the end of the )ineties of the past century+ the coApleI has been assi%ned to the3ni!ersity of Genoa+ by the le%itiAate oUner+ throu%h a specific Loan for 3se for O years. Theori%inal pre!isions of the thenaeuA Uas to transfer in the coApleI all the Faculties of the

&uAanities that are still hosted in soAe AonuAental palaces of the Se!enteenth century Strada9albi. For se!eral %eneral reasons Kthat is not the case to hi%hli%ht here+ the ori%inal plan hasbeen de!eloped really sloUly and Uith se!eral stops+ due to different probleAs of econoAic andtechnical nature that at least in part deri!e Hust froA a lacZ of ZnoUled%e of the architecturalcoApleI+ of its real consistency and state of conser!ation. The insufficient ZnoUled%e brou%ht+ infact+ to parallel insufficiencies of each plan and+ in the AeantiAe+ the iApossibility to occupy thecoApleI in the saAe phase and to reuse it as a Uhole deterAined the uncontrolled de!elopAentof the decay probleAs. This situation deeply affects on alAost all the roofs and the co!erin%structures+ on fraAes+ UindoUs and doors+ plasters+ internal installations and finishes but also onthe eIternal spaces and those of the inner courtyards. 3ncontrolled infiltrations of rain Uaters+the actions of aniAals+ of hoAeless and of !andals+ the disordered %roUth of infestin% !e%etation

that Uere already e!ident Uhen the 3ni!ersity tooZ total responsibility KeconoAical+ technical+


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actas proceedings energy efficiency and historic buldings1

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