Acids, Bases and Salts

Properties of Acids

7

6

5

4

3

2

Taste1

Properties of Acids

7

6

5

4

3

Litmus is2

Taste Sour1

Properties of Acids

7

6

5

4

Phenolphthalein is 3

Litmus is Red2

Taste Sour1

Properties of Acids

7

6

5

Bromthymol Blue is 4

Phenolphthalein is Colourless3

Litmus is Red2

Taste Sour1

Properties of Acids

7

6

Reacts with5

Bromthymol Blue is Yellow4

Phenolphthalein is Colourless3

Litmus is Red2

Taste Sour1

Properties of Acids

7

A conductor of electricity6

React with metals to form Hydrogen5

Bromthymol Blue is Yellow4

Phenolphthalein is Colourless3

Litmus is Red2

Taste Sour1

Properties of Acids

Will Neutralize7

A GOOD conductor of electricity6

React with metals to form Hydrogen5

Bromthymol Blue is Yellow4

Phenolphthalein is Colourless3

Litmus is Red2

Taste Sour1

Properties of Acids

Will Neutralize Bases7

A GOOD conductor of electricity6

React with metals to form Hydrogen5

Bromthymol Blue is Yellow4

Phenolphthalein is Colourless3

Litmus is Red2

Taste Sour1

Properties of Bases

7

8

6

5

4

3

2

Taste1

Properties of Bases

7

8

6

5

4

3

Feel2

Taste Bitter1

Properties of Bases

7

8

6

5

4

Litmus is 3

Feel Slippery2

Taste Bitter1

Properties of Bases

7

8

6

5

Phenolphthalein is4

Litmus is Blue3

Feel Slippery2

Taste Bitter1

Properties of Bases

7

8

6

Bromthymol Blue is 5

Phenolphthalein is Pink4

Litmus is Blue3

Feel Slippery2

Taste Bitter1

Properties of Bases

7

8

react with most metals6

Bromthymol Blue is Blue5

Phenolphthalein is Pink4

Litmus is Blue3

Feel Slippery2

Taste Bitter1

Properties of Bases

conductors of electricity7

8

Don’t react with most metals6

Bromthymol Blue is Blue5

Phenolphthalein is Pink4

Litmus is Blue3

Feel Slippery2

Taste Bitter1

Properties of Bases

GOOD conductors of electricity7

Will neutralize 8

Don’t react with most metals6

Bromthymol Blue is Blue5

Phenolphthalein is Pink4

Litmus is Blue3

Feel Slippery2

Taste Bitter1

Properties of Bases

GOOD conductors of electricity7

Will neutralize Acids8

Don’t react with most metals6

Bromthymol Blue is Blue5

Phenolphthalein is Pink4

Litmus is Blue3

Feel Slippery2

Taste Bitter1

When an ACID and a BASE are mixed,

you get a

When an ACID and a BASE are mixed,

you get a SALT

When an ACID and a BASE are mixed,

you get a SALT and WATER

Salts like Sodium Chloride (NaCl) are

used as food preservatives

Salted fish

Microorganisms are the cause of most food

spoilage.

High salt concentrations kill

microorganisms

Salt and vinegar are used to preserve

pickles.

Indicators are substances that are

different colours in acids and bases. One

example is litmus paper:

Another is Phenolphthalein

Another is Bromthymol Blue

Some Common Acids

Where acid is foundAcid Name

Some Common Acids

Citrus fruitsCitric

Where acid is foundAcid Name

Some Common Acids

ApplesMalic

Citrus fruitsCitric

Where acid is foundAcid Name

Some Common Acids

RhubarbOxalic

ApplesMalic

Citrus fruitsCitric

Where acid is foundAcid Name

Some Common Acids

VinegarAcetic

RhubarbOxalic

ApplesMalic

Citrus fruitsCitric

Where acid is foundAcid Name

Some Common Acids

Sour MilkLactic

VinegarAcetic

RhubarbOxalic

ApplesMalic

Citrus fruitsCitric

Where acid is foundAcid Name

Some Common Acids

Soft DrinksCarbonic

H2CO3

Sour MilkLactic

VinegarAcetic

RhubarbOxalic

ApplesMalic

Citrus fruitsCitric

Where acid is foundAcid Name

Car BatteriesSulphuric

H2SO4

Soft DrinksCarbonic

H2CO3

Sour MilkLactic

Vinegar CH3COOHAcetic

RhubarbOxalic

ApplesMalic

Citrus fruitsCitric

Where acid is foundAcid Name

StomachHydrochloric

HCl

Car BatteriesSulphuric

H2SO4

Soft DrinksCarbonic

H2CO3

Sour MilkLactic

Vinegar CH3COOHAcetic

RhubarbOxalic

ApplesMalic

Citrus fruitsCitric

Where acid is foundAcid Name

Burning fuels that contain sulphur can

cause sulphuric acid (H2SO4) to form in

the air. This causes ACID RAIN.

Some Common Bases

Formula Where Base is foundBase Name

Some Common Bases

NaOH

Formula

Oven & Drain CleanerSodium Hydroxide

Where Base is foundBase Name

Some Common Bases

KOH

NaOH

Formula

Oven & Drain CleanerPotassium Hydroxide

Oven & Drain CleanerSodium Hydroxide

Where Base is foundBase Name

Some Common Bases

Mg(OH)2

KOH

NaOH

Formula

Laxative (Milk of Magnesia)Magnesium Hydroxide

Oven & Drain CleanerPotassium Hydroxide

Oven & Drain CleanerSodium Hydroxide

Where Base is foundBase Name

Some Common Bases

Al(OH)3

Mg(OH)2

KOH

NaOH

Formula

AntacidAluminum Hydroxide

Laxative (Milk of Magnesia)Magnesium Hydroxide

Oven & Drain CleanerPotassium Hydroxide

Oven & Drain CleanerSodium Hydroxide

Where Base is foundBase Name

Neutralization

Acid + Base ���� Water + A Salt

Hair “perms” use Neutralization

The “waving lotion” is a Base.

An Acid (Neutralizer) is poured over the

Base to form a Salt, which is rinsed off.

Many household products are acids and

bases. If spilled, they can be neutralized.

Vinegar (a weak acid) will neutralize

Bases

Baking soda (a weak base) will

neutralize Acids

Some Common Salts

Formula Where Salt is foundSalt Name

Some Common Salts

NaCl

Formula

Table SaltSodium Chloride

Where Salt is foundSalt Name

Some Common Salts

NaHCO3

NaCl

Formula

Baking SodaSodium Bicarbonate

Table SaltSodium Chloride

Where Salt is foundSalt Name

Some Common Salts

KClO3

NaHCO3

NaCl

Formula

Match HeadsPotassium Chlorate

Baking SodaSodium Bicarbonate

Table SaltSodium Chloride

Where Salt is foundSalt Name

Some Common Salts

KNO3

KClO3

NaHCO3

NaCl

Formula

Fertilizer, ExplosivesPotassium Nitrate

Match HeadsPotassium Chlorate

Baking SodaSodium Bicarbonate

Table SaltSodium Chloride

Where Salt is foundSalt Name