GESTIS Substance Database

IDENTIFICATION

Acetic acidGlacial acetic acidEthanoic acid

ZVG No: 11400CAS No: 64-19-7INDEX No: 607-002-00-6EC No: 200-580-7

CHARACTERISATION

SUBSTANCE GROUP CODE

143000 Carboxylic acids

STATE OF AGGREGATION

The substance is liquid.

PROPERTIES

Colour: colourlessOdour: pungent

vinegar tang

CHEMICAL CHARACTERISATION

Flammable liquid.Vapours may form explosive mixtures with air when the substance is heated above its flash point.Mixable with water.Hygroscopic.Volatile.Acute or chronic health hazards result from the substance.(see: chapter REGULATIONS).

Acetic acid

FORMULA

C2H4O2

Molar mass: 60,05 g/molConversion factor (gaseous phase) at 1013 mbar and 20 °C:1 ml/m³ = 2,50 mg/m³

TOXICOLOGY / ECOTOXICOLOGY

TOXICOLOGICAL DATA

LD50 oral ratValue: 3310 mg/kgReference: Delaware State Medical Journal. Vol. 31, Pg. 276, 1959.

LD50 dermalSpecies: RabbitValue: 1130 mg/kgReference: Union Carbide Data Sheet. Vol. 8/7/1963,

Source: 02071

ECOTOXICOLOGICAL DATA

LC50 Fish (96 hours)Minimum: 79 mg/lMaximum: 273 mg/lMedian: 88 mg/lStudy number: 3Reference for median:Mattson, V.R., J.W. Arthur, and C.T. Walbridge 1976. Acute Toxicity of Selected Organic Compoundsto Fathead Minnows. EPA-600/3-76-097, U.S.EPA, Duluth, MN :12 p.

LC50 Crustaceans (48 hours)Minimum: 52,6 mg/lMaximum: 180 mg/lMedian: 90,1 mg/lStudy number: 7Reference for median:Espiritu, E.Q., C.R. Janssen, and G. Persoone 1995. Cyst-Based Toxicity Tests. VII. Evaluation ofthe 1-h Enzymatic Inhibition Test (Fluotox) with Artemia nauplii. Environ.Toxicol.Water Qual. 10:25-34

EC50 Crustaceans (48 hours)Minimum: 65 mg/lMaximum: 65 mg/l

Maximum: 65 mg/lMedian: 65 mg/lStudy number: 1Reference for median:"Janssen, C.R., E.Q. Espiritu, and G. Persoone 1993. Evaluation of the new ""Enzymatic Inhibition""Criterion for Rapid Toxicity Testing with Daphnia magna. In: A.Soares and P.Calow (Eds.), Progressin Standardization of Aquatic Toxicity Tests, Lewis Publ. :71-81"

Source: 02072

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

MELTING POINT

Melting point: 17 °C

BOILING POINT

Boiling Point: 118 °C

DENSITY

DENSITYValue: 1,05 g/cm³Temperature: 20 °C

RELATIVE VAPOUR DENSITYRatio of the density to dry air at the same temperature and pressureValue: 2,07

RELATIVE DENSITY OF THE VAPOUR-AIR-MIXTURERatio of the density to dry air at 20 °C and standard pressureValue: 1,02

VAPOUR PRESSURE

Vapour pressure: 15,8 mbarTemperature: 20 °C

Vapour pressure: 27,9 mbarTemperature: 30 °C

Vapour pressure: 47,2 mbarTemperature: 40 °C

Vapour pressure: 76,9 mbarTemperature: 50 °C

FLASH POINT

Flash point: 38,5 °CClosed cup

IGNITION TEMPERATURE

Ignition temperature: 485 °C

Temperature class: T1Max. exper. safe gap(MESG):

1,69 mm

Explosion group: IIA

EXPLOSION LIMITS

Lower explosion limit:6 vol. %148 g/m³Upper explosion limit:17 vol. %430 g/m³Maximum explosion pressure:6,3 bar

SOLUBILITY IN WATER

mixable

pH-VALUE

pH-value: 2,5Temperature: 20 °CConcentration: 50 g/l

PARTITION COEFFICIENT (octanol/water)

log Kow: -0,17Recommended value of LOG KOW Databank.

VISCOSITY

Dynamic Viscosity: 1,22 mPa*sTemperature: 20 °CConversion: Viscosity(kin) = Viscosity(dyn) / density

HAZARDOUS REACTIONS

Hazardous chemical reactions: Risk of explosion in contact with:hydrogen peroxidechromium(VI)-oxide; potassium permanganate; sodium peroxide; perchloric acid; phosphorustrichloride The substance polymerize in contact with:acetic aldehyde;

The substance can react dangerously with:alcoholsstrong oxidizing agentsstrong lyesalkali hydroxidestrong acidsnitric acid2-aminoethanol; ammonium nitrate (heat); bromine pentafluoride; chlorosulphuric acid; dichromate-sulfuric acid; diaminoethane; glacial acetic acid; acetic anhydride; ethylene glycol; potassium-tert.butoxide; oleum The substance forms an explosive mixture with air.

FURTHER INFORMATION

Conductivity: 6 * 10 Exp -07 S/mTemperature: 25 °C

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND FIRST AID

ROUTES OF EXPOSURE

Main Routes of exposure:The main route of occupational exposure for acetic acid (E) is via the respiratory tract.[07619]

Respiratory tract:E vapours or aerosols are absorbed via the lungs.[07619] Quantitative data are not available, but due to the mainly irritative/corrosive effects of inhaled acid,they are of minor importance.[99983]

Skin:Because of its lipid solubility, E can penetrate the skin easily and deeply.[07934]Information on the extent of the simultaneous resorption is not available.[99983]Toxicity tests on animals indicate that resorptive effects are mainly possible after contamination withconcentrated (and thus corrosive) E.[99999]

Gastrointestinal tract:Quantitative resorption of E (being a natural component of many foods) via the gastrointestinal tract isvery probable.[07866]

TOXIC EFFECTS

Main toxic effects:Acute effects:Increasing concentration involves increasing corrosive effects on skin and mucous membranes, andexposure to high concentrations causes severe damage to the eyes and the lungs;[07619]In the event of oral intake of high concentrations: Chemical burns in the digestive tract, metabolicdisorders, blood impairment, cardiovascular reactions, renal damage.[07606] Chronic effects:Skin changes, chronic inflammation of eyes and respiratory tract, erosive tooth damage;[07619]

Acute toxicity:Primary features are the local effects, which, because of the lipid solubility of E and the associateddeep action, are more pronounced than would otherwise be expected from the acid strength;[08013]Aqueous solutions of approx. 1% cause chemical burns of the mucosa;[07619] 4-10% solutions (e.g.table vinegar) cause immediate pain in the eye, reddening of the conjunctiva, in some cases even

table vinegar) cause immediate pain in the eye, reddening of the conjunctiva, in some cases evenimpairment of the cornea; permanent corneal turbidity is possible;Concentrated E (glacial acetic acid) causes severe eye damage whose extent can often only berecognised after several days, even when the eyes were immediately rinsed with water;Immediate corneal turbidity was followed by inflammations of the iris and the deeper layers of thecornea and by adhesion of the iris to the lens; after a slow regeneration process the casualtiessuffered from permanent anaesthesia and turbidity of the cornea.[07979]The following concentrations damage the skin:80%, severe damage; 50-80%, moderate to severe damage; 50%, moderate damage; 5-10%solutions do not cause any damage. Vapours and aerosols can also irritate the skin.Sensitisation of the external skin is very rare.[07619] Cases of toxicity after dermal absorption have not been reported.[99983].The dermal LD50 value determined in tests on rabbits amounted to 1,060 mg per kg of body weight;28% E revealed a much higher value for guinea pigs (> 3.2 ml per kg of body weight).[07934]In cases of exposures involving the inhalation of the substance, the acrid odour, the low odourthreshold (in the 1-5 ppm range) and the irritationof the mucosa generally provided a sufficientwarning effect for non-adapted persons. Non-adapted persons feel nose and throat irritations, 50 ppm are unbearable; however, adaptedpersons can tolerate 30 ppm; 200-500 ppm are irritating, but are said to bearable over a short periodfor some individuals; 800-1,200 ppm can only be endured for a period of three-minutes.[07619]Sustained exposure to high concentrations causes irritation of the eyes and the skin as well assevere lung damage (from approx. 100 ppm there is danger of a pulmonary oedema).[07866]The IDHL value (ʻimmediately dangerous to life or health valueʼ) was considered to be 50 ppm for Evapours/aerosols.[07930] Oral toxicities caused by concentrated E (vinegar essence/glacial acetic acid) mainly occurredoutside of working environments.The main initial symptoms are severe corrosions of the mucous membranes of mouth, throat,oesophagus, and stomach, accompanied by strong and sometimes unbearable pain, bloody vomiting,and diarrhoea. The initial stage often includes a state of shock; after intake of the substance intoanempty stomach, reflective cardiac arrest could result in the death of the affected person.[07606]Furthermore, the risk of perforation of the oesophagus and bleeding and ulceration in thegastrointestinal tract exists. Pulmonary damage (oedema, pneumonia) is also possible.[07656]In cases of severe toxicities the resorptive effects are supplemented by acidosis and, under certaincircumstances, severe haemolysis followed by haemorrhagic diathesis (due to disseminatedintravascular coagulation) and finally by possible renal failure.[07606]Survivors are subject to the consequential effects of adhesions in the digestive tract (oesophagusstrictures, pyloric stenosis).[07656] Doses from approx. 20 ml of concentrated E p.o. are defined as lethal.[08013]Even 1 ml of concentrated E can perforate the oesophagus.[07656] Concentrations of E < 10% do not bear any acute risk when administered p.o.[07836]

Chronic toxicity:Only a few reports are available on the health hazards in connection with the occupational handling ofE, despite extensive utilisation of the substance at workplaces. It is obvious that long-term exposureresults in a substantial adaptation to irritative effects.A group of workers who were exposed to an average value of 60 ppm and during one hour per day tovalues from 100 to 260 ppm over a period of 7-12 years exhibited erosive changes to the teeth (in 45of 126 examined workers), accompanied by slight irritations of the respiratory tract and the skin andgastrointestinal complaints, but no other damage to health.[07619]However, some workers suffered from eye damage (lid oedema, conjunctivitis, hypertrophy of thelymph nodes) and pronounced irritation of the respiratory tract (bronchitis, pharyngitis) in addition totooth erosion under analogous conditions. The highly exposed palms of the hands featured skin changes (abnormal pigmentation of the skin,cracked or fissured skin, hyperkeratosis).[07636] According to general occupational experiences, exposure to 10 ppm of E even for several decadesdo not cause any toxicity symptoms or significant irritation.However, individual cases involved irritations at exposures < 10 ppm.[07619] A test on 4 probands could not evidence any effects (on the cardiovascular, respiratory, and immune

A test on 4 probands could not evidence any effects (on the cardiovascular, respiratory, and immunesystem functions, blood parameters, well-being, individual performance) after continuous exposure to2-4 ppm of E over a period of 15 days.[07742]Slight psycho-physiological and biochemical impacts (changes of the glycolysis rate in theerythrocytes, increased peroxidation) were observed at 6 ppm over a period of 17-22 days or 10 ppmover 10 days.[07934]In general, irritative effects on the mucous membranes of the eyes and the nose were regarded asthe critical toxic effect after long-term exposure to E.[07619]

Reproductive toxicity, Mutagenicity, Carcinogenicity:Reproductive toxicity:Very little data are available from animal experiments, which are, in any case, irrelevant tooccupational exposure conditions.[07866]Mutagenicity:Results of in vitro tests were negative; the assessment of positive findings in tests on insects providesseveral problems. Accurate results of in vivo tests on mammals are not available.Carcinogenicity:Carcinogenic effects of E could not be evidenced in dermal animal experiments on the dermal toxicityof the substance.When known carcinogenic substances were dermally or orally applied to test animals, subsequentchronic application of E intensified the efficacy of those substances in some cases.[07742]There is no evidence for carcinogenic or tumour-promoting effects on humans.[99983]

Biotransformation and Excretion:Resorbed E is metabolised via physiologically predetermined paths, analogous to the acetate ion: Ecan be used to build a variety of substances on the one hand, and it can undergo oxidativedecomposition through the formation of CO2 on the other.The toxic effects of high doses or concentrated amounts of E are not ascribed to the acetate ion, butrather to the undissociated acid.[07619]

Annotation:This occupational health information was compiled on 03.09.2001.It will be updated if necessary.This information was translated from German into English by Übersetzungsbüro Branco.

FIRST AID

Eyes:After contact with concentrated vapours, aerosols, acid splashes:[07656]Rinse the affected eye with widely spread lids for 10 minutes under running water whilst protectingthe unimpaired eye.As soon as possible aim a mild water jet directly at the eye to remove acid residuals completely. Afterwards, ensure the quickest possible transport to an ophthalmologist.[07656]

Skin:Remove contaminated clothing while protecting yourself.Rinse the affected skin areas for 10 minutes under running water.Arrange medical treatment.After wetting of large areas, immediate rinsing or showering, if possible. Then:[99999]Lay the casualty down in a quiet place and protect him against hypothermia.Summon an emergency physician.[99999]

Respiratory tract:Whilst protecting yourself remove the casualty from the hazardous area and take him to the fresh air.Lay the casualty down in a quiet place and protect him against hypothermia.In the case of breathing difficulties have the casualty inhale oxygen.In case of shortness of breath place the casualty in a half-sitting position.[07656]

In case of shortness of breath place the casualty in a half-sitting position.[07656]As soon as possible repeatedly have the casualty deeply breath a glucocorticoid inhalation spray in.Ensure fast examination by a physician.[07656]Swallowing:After ingestion of acid concentrations > 10%:[07656]If the casualty is conscious have him drink copious amounts of liquids (water).Lay the casualty down in a quiet place and protect him against hypothermia.Do not make the casualty vomit.Call an emergency physician.[07656]In the event of spontaneous vomiting, keep the patient in a prone position with the head lower thanthe feet in order to prevent vomit from entering the trachea.[07638]

Information for physicians:Symptoms of acute poisoning:Eyes: Vapours/aerosols or highly diluted solutions cause burning sensations/piercing pains,lacrimation, lid spasms, conjunctivitis; from concentrations > 1% increasing corrosive effects: Severepain, turbidity;[07619] Inflammation of the cornea, delayed iritis, synechiae and other symptoms;[07979]Skin: Irritative effects, as of approx. 50% pronounced corrosive effects: Reddening, swelling,formation of blisters, necrotising (blackish);[07656]Resorptive effects cannot be excluded;[99992]Inhalation: Tingling/piercing sensation in the nose, tickling of the throat and similar symptoms;[07619]concentrated exposure leads to pharyngeal, glottic, pulmonary oedema or pneumonia; resorptiveeffects are unlikely to appear;[99983]Ingestion: Acutely life-threatening in concentrated form (> 10%);[07836]Severe chemical burns at the affected mucosa with heavy pains; bloody vomiting, diarrhoea;oesophagus/stomach perforation hazard, bleeding in the large and small intestines;[07656] Often state of shock, possibly reflective cardiac arrest; resorptive effects in the event of slowerprocesses;Resorption: more or less pronounced acidosis, haemolysis/haemorrhagic diathesis -> renal failure;[07606]Possible consequential damage: Strictures/stenoses in oesophagus/stomach;[07656] possible livernecrosis.First medical assistance:Eye contact requires immediate follow-up examination by an ophthalmologist after performance of thefirst aid measures (intensive rinsing with water/phys. NaCl solution; pain treatment, sterile covering).[99992]Ensure persistent rinsing of the contaminated skin areas. Apply flumetasone foam afterwards. Ensuresterile covering of affected skin areas. Corrosion of large areas might require shock treatment (seebelow).[07638]After inhalation of concentrated vapours/aerosols: Administer high doses via inhalation and i.v.,ensure use of antibiotics, administer oxygen, codeine against the urge to cough. Monitor cardiovascular functions. Provide respiratory support in case of laryngospasms orbronchospasms; when the casualty suffers from bronchospasms also administer bronchodilators.After ingestion have the casualty drink a lot of fluids, but by no means induce vomiting and do notadminister activated charcoal.An early endoscopy (by an experienced practitioner) should be considered (decision according tohospital/patient history/other findings). In hospital the physicians might try to aspirate the gastriccontent through a soft, flexible stomach tube (under direct-vision).Pulmonary or glottic oedema prophylaxis (see above) is also indicated after ingestion.[99992]When symptoms of shock are present: Infuse plasma expander; avoid the use, or considerablyreduce the amount of, dextran (Infukoll M40) to prevent thickening of the urine. Further treatmentdepends on the symptoms.[07638]The first measures to be taken after admission to the hospital are the determination/correction of theacid-base status, pain treatment, shock therapy (if required), monitoring of the kidney, liver,cardiovascular, and pulmonary functions and the blood count and coagulation status.[07606]The recommended therapeutic measures include liver protection therapy and - in case of severehaemolysis - haemodialysis or exchange transfusion.[99992]

haemolysis - haemodialysis or exchange transfusion.[99992]

Recommendations:Provide the physician information about the substance/product and treatment already administered.

Annotation:This first aid information was compiled on 01.09.1999.It will be updated if necessary.This information was translated from German into English by Übersetzungsbüro Branco.

HANDLING AND USAGE

USAGE

The substance is used as:- acidifier and preserving agent (E 260)- solvent in the organic chemistryThe substance is part of:- household cleaners, softening agents and photochemicalsThe substance is used for the production of:- vinegar and vinegar essence- various acetic acid esters, acetic anhydride and ketenThe substance is used for:- various organic synthesis- acetic acid salts are auxilliary agents in the textile and leather industry, in dye works and in themedical science

TECHNICAL MEASURES - HANDLING

Workplace:Provision of good ventilation in the working area.The floor must be acid and solvent resistant.Washing facility at the workplace required.Eye bath required. These locations must be signpostedclearly.When handling excessive amounts of the substance an emergency shower is required.

Equipment:Use only closed apparatus.If release of the substance cannot be prevented, then it should be suctioned off at the point of exit.Consider emission limit values, a purification of waste gases if necessary.Label containers and pipelines clearly. Suitable materials:GlassAluminiumPolyethylene PEPolytetrafluoro ethylene PTFE (Teflon)V4A steel, silver; Unsuitable materials:IronCopperBrassZinc

Advice on safer handling:Take care to maintain clean working place.The substance must not be present at workplaces in quantities above that required for work to beprogressed.Do not leave container open.Use leak-proof equipment with exhaust for refilling or transfer.Avoid splashing.Fill only into labelled container.Use acid and solvent resistant utensils.Avoid any contact when handling the substance.Use an appropriate exterior vessel when transporting in fragile containers.

Cleaning and maintenance:Use protective equipment while cleaning if necessary.Only conduct maintenance and other work on or in the vessel or closed spaces after obtaining writtenpermission.

TECHNICAL MEASURES - STORAGE

Storage:Do not use any food containers - risk of mistake.Containers have to be labelled clearly and permanently.Store in the original container as much as possible.Preferably use unbreakable containers rather than glasscontainers.Place fragile vessels in break-proof outer vessels. For acid concentration > 90% glass containers may break if the temperature is below 17°C due tocongealing of the acid.Use breakable containers only up to 5 litres content.Keep container tightly closed.Recommended storage at room temperature.Keep container in a well-ventilated place.Store smaller vessels in cabinets with collecting tubs.Protect from overheating/heating up.The maximum permissible stored quantities are to be found in the Technische Regel für Gefahrstoffe"Lagerung von Gefahrstoffen in ortsbeweglichen Behältern" (TRGS 510).Storage is not permissible in hallways, thoroughfare, stairways, public hallways and corridors, on theroof, in attics, and in workrooms.

Conditions of collocated storage:For concentrations > 90 %:Storage class 3 (Flammable liquid substances)Only substances of the same storage class should be stored together.Collocated storage with the following substances is prohibited:- Pharmaceuticals, foods, and animal feeds including additives.- Infectious, radioactive und explosive substances.- Gases.- Other explosive substances of storage class 4.1A.- Flammable solid substances or desensitized substances of storage class 4.1B.- Spontaneously flammable substances.- Substances liberating flammable gases in contact with water.- Strongly oxidizing substances of storage class 5.1A.- Ammonium nitrate and preparations containing ammonium nitrate.- Organic peroxides and self reactive substances.- Non combustible acutely toxic substances of storage class 6.1B.Under certain conditions the collocated storage with the following sub-stances is permitted (For more

Under certain conditions the collocated storage with the following sub-stances is permitted (For moredetails see TRGS 510):- Oxidizing substances of storage class 5.1B.- Noncombustible toxic or chronically acting substances of storage class 6.1D.- Combustible solids of storage class 11.The substance should not be stored with substances with which ha-zardous chemical reactions arepossible. For concentrations of 25 - 90 %:Storage class 8 A (Combustible corrosive substances)Only substances of the same storage class should be stored together.Collocated storage with the following substances is prohibited:- Pharmaceuticals, foods, and animal feeds including additives.- Infectious, radioactive und explosive substances.- Strongly oxidizing substances of storage class 5.1A.- Organic peroxides and self reactive substances.Under certain conditions the collocated storage with the following sub-stances is permitted (For moredetails see TRGS 510):- Gases.- Other explosive substances of storage class 4.1A.- Spontaneously flammable substances.- Substances liberating flammable gases in contact with water.- Oxidizing substances of storage class 5.1B.- Ammonium nitrate and preparations containing ammonium nitrate.The substance should not be stored with substances with which hazardous chemical reactions arepossible.

TECHNICAL MEASURES - FIRE AND EXPLOSION PROTECTION

Technical, constructive measures:Substance is combustible.Fire fighting equipment must be available.Inspect the electrical fittings regularly against the higher risk of corrosion.Take precautionary measures against static discharges.Earth all parts which can be electrically charged.

Precaution on handling:For acetic acid > 90% :Areas in which the substance is heated to above its flash point and processed are areas of firehazard.Keep at a distance from sources of ignition (e.g. electrical devices, open flames, heat sources,sparks).Observe the smoking prohibition!Absolutely no welding in the working area.Only work with vessels and lines after these have been thoroughly rinsed.Work done with fire or open flame should only be carried out with written permission if the risk of fireor explosion cannot be completely eliminated.Do not use any tools that cause sparks. For acetic acid < 90% : Releases flammable vapours at higher temperatures only when theconcentration is high.Keep away from open flames.Work done with fire or open flame should only be carried out with written permission if the risk of fireor explosion cannot be completely eliminated.

ORGANISATIONAL MEASURES

Instruction on the hazards and the protective measures using instruction manual (TRGS 555) are

Instruction on the hazards and the protective measures using instruction manual (TRGS 555) arerequired with signature if just more than one minor hazard was detected.Instruction must be provided before employment and then at a minimum of once per annumthereafter.An escape and rescue plan must be prepared when the location, scale, and use of the work-site sodemand.It must be assured that the workplace limit values are being maintained. If the limit values areexceeded, additional protection measures are necessary.The measurements must be recorded and kept on file.Observe the restrictions on juvenile employment as defined in the "Jugendarbeitsschutzgesetz".Only employees are permitted to enter the work areas. Signposting to this effect must be displayed.

PERSONAL PROTECTION

Body protection:Depending on the risk, wear a tight, long apron and boots or suitable chemical protection clothing.Wear flameproof protective clothing.The protection clothing should be acid resistant.

Respiratory protection:In an emergency (e.g.: unintentional release of the substance, exceeding the occupational exposurelimit value) respiratory protection must be worn. Consider the maximum period for wear.Respiratory protection: Gas filter E, colour code yellow.Use insulating device for concentrations above the usage limits for filter devices, for oxygenconcentrations below 17% volume, or in circumstances which are unclear.

Eye protection:Sufficient eye protection must be worn.Wear chemical safety goggles.If the face is at risk a protective shield must also be worn.If vapours or aerosols that may injure the eyes arise, then safety of the eyes can best be guaranteedby wearing a full mask.

Hand protection:Use protective gloves. The glove material must be sufficiently impermeable and resistant to thesubstance. Check the tightness before wear. Gloves should be well cleaned before being removed,then stored in a well ventilated location. Pay attention to skin care.Skin protection cremes do not protect sufficiently against the substance.Textile or leather gloves are completely unsuitable. The following information refers to acetic acid (10%) :The following materials are suitable for protective gloves (Permeation time >= 8 hours):Natural rubber/Natural latex - NR (0,5 mm) (use non-powdered and allergen free products)Polychloroprene - CR (0,5 mm)Butyl rubber - Butyl (0,5 mm)Fluoro carbon rubber - FKM (0,4 mm)Polyvinyl chloride - PVC (0,5 mm)Protective gloves of the following materials should not be worn longer than 4 hours continually(Permeation time >= 4 hours):Nitrile rubber/Nitrile latex - NBR (0,35 mm) The following information refers to acetic acid (50%) :The following materials are suitable for protective gloves (Permeation time >= 8 hours):Polychloroprene - CR (0,5 mm)Butyl rubber - Butyl (0,5 mm)Fluoro carbon rubber - FKM (0,4 mm)Polyvinyl chloride - PVC (0,5 mm)Protective gloves of the following materials should not be worn longer than 4 hours continually(Permeation time >= 4 hours):

(Permeation time >= 4 hours):Natural rubber/Natural latex - NR (0,5 mm) (use non-powdered and allergen free products)Following materials are unsuitable for protective gloves because of degradation, severe swelling orlow permeation time:Nitrile rubber/Nitrile latex - NBR The following information refers to acetic acid (100%) :The following materials are suitable for protective gloves (Permeation time >= 8 hours):Butyl rubber - Butyl (0,5 mm)Protective gloves of the following materials should not be worn longer than 1 hour continually(Permeation time >= 1 hour):Polyvinyl chloride - PVC (0,5 mm)Following materials are unsuitable for protective gloves because of degradation, severe swelling orlow permeation time:Natural rubber/Natural latex - NRPolychloroprene - CRNitrile rubber/Nitrile latex - NBRFluoro carbon rubber - FKM The times listed are suggested by measurements taken at 22 °C and constant contact. Temperaturesraised by warmed substances, body heat, etc. and a weakening of the effective layer thicknesscaused by expansion can lead to a significantly shorter breakthrough time. In case of doubt contactthe gloves' manufacturer. A 1.5-times increase / decrease in the layer thickness doubles / halves thebreakthrough time. This data only applies to the pure substance. Transferred to mixtures ofsubstances, these figures should only be taken as an aid to orientation.

Industrial hygiene:Foods, beverages and other articles of consumption must not be consumed at the work areas.Suitable areas are to be designated for these purposes.Avoid contact with skin. In case of contact wash skin.Avoid contact with eyes. In case of contact rinse the affected eye(s).Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.Avoid contact with clothing. Contaminated clothes must be exchanged and cleaned carefully.Before cleaning clothes rinse thoroughly first in water.Increased risk of combustion from wicking.Provide washrooms with showers and if possible rooms with separate storage for street clothing andwork clothing.The skin must be washed with soap and water before breaks and at the end of work. Apply fatty skin-care products after washing.

DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS

Hazardous waste according to Waste Catalogue Ordinance (AVV).If there is no way of recycling it must be disposed of in compliance with the respective national andlocal regulations. Collection of small amounts of substance:Dilut liquid organic acids or solutions if necessary and neutralise carafully with sodium hydrogencarbonate or sodium hydroxide, pH-control.Place in a collection container for salt solutions, adjust for a pH value of 6-8. Collection vessels must be clearly labelled with a systematic description of their contents. Store thevessels in a well-ventilated location. Entrust them to the appropriate authorities for disposal.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES

Shut off all sources of ignition.Evacuate area. Warn affected surroundings.The hazardous area may only be entered once suitable protective measures are implemented. Only

The hazardous area may only be entered once suitable protective measures are implemented. Onlythen can the hazardous situation be removed.Wear respiratory protection, eye protection, hand protection and body protection (see chapterPersonal Protection).Absorb any spilt liquid with an absorbent (e.g. diatomite, vermiculite, sand) and dispose of accordingto regulations.Pump off larger quantities.Use non-sparking tools.Afterwards ventilate area and wash spill site. Endangerment of watert:Low hazard to waters. Inform the responsible authorities when very large quantities get into water,drainage, sewer, or the ground.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES

Classes of fires:B liquid or melting substances

Suitable extinguishing media:Water (spray - not splash)Dry extinguishing powderCarbon dioxideFight large fire with alcohol resistant foam or water spray.

Instructions:Cool surrounding containers with water spray.If possible, take container out of dangerous zone.Heating causes a rise in pressure, risk of bursting andexplosion.Shut off sources of ignition.Beware of backfire.

Special protective equipment:Attention! Hazardous decomposition products may occur.Carbon monoxide and carbon dioxideWear self-contained breathing apparatus and special tightly sealed suit.

REGULATIONS

Classification:Flammable liquids, Category 3; H226Skin corrosion, Category 1A; H314

Signal Word: "Danger"

Hazard Statement - H-phrases:H226: Flammable liquid and vapour.H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage.

H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage.

Precautionary Statement - P-phrases:P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.P301+P330+P331: IF SWALLOWED: rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting.P307+P310: IF exposed: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. (Unofficial P-phrase combination)P305+P351+P338: IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contactlenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.

Manufacturer's specification by Merck

Reference: 01211

The substance is listed in appendix VI, table 3.1 of CLP regulation.The given classification can deviate from the listed classification, since this classification is to becomplemented concerning missing or divergent danger classes and categories for the respectivesubstance.

Reference: 99999

GHS-CLASSIFICATION OF MIXTURES

Specific Concentration Limits:Skin Corr. 1A; H314: C>= 90 %Skin Corr. 1B; H314: 25 % <= C < 90 %Skin Irrit. 2; H315: 10% <= C < 25 %Eye Irrit. 2; H319: 10% <= C < 25 %

The general concentration limits from Annex 1 of the Regulation (EU) 1272/2008 are to be used forpossibly unspecified concentration ranges or further available substance classifications.

Reference: 99999

OLD CLASSIFICATION

R10C; R35

C Corrosive

Risk phrases (R-phrases):R 10 FlammableR 35 Causes severe burns

EU classification according to GHS regulation, appendix VI, table 3.2

Reference: 07500

OLD CLASSIFICATION OF MIXTURES

Specific Concentration Limits:C; R35: C >= 90 %C; R34: 25 % <= C < 90 %Xi; R36/38: 10% <= C < 25 %

Xi; R36/38: 10% <= C < 25 %

The general concentration limits from Preparation Directive 1999/45/EU are to be used for possiblefurther available substance classifications.

Reference: 07500

WORKPLACE LABELLING ACCORDING TO GERMAN ASR A1.3

Prohibition label:

No open flame; fire, open ignition sources and smoking prohibited

No admittance for unauthorized persons

Warning label:

Caution - inflammable material

Caution - corrosive material

Precept label:

Use safety goggles

Wear safety gloves

GERMAN WATER HAZARD CLASS

Substance No: 93WGK 1 - low hazard to watersScope: acetic acid (>25%)Classification according to the Administrative Regulation of Substances Hazardous to Water(VwVwS)

(VwVwS)

TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS ON AIR QUALITY CONTROL (TA LUFT)

Chapter 5.2.5 Organic Substances, except dusts.The following values, specified as overall carbon, are in all not allowed to be exceeded in exhaustgas:Mass flow: 0,50 kg/hrorMass conc.: 50 mg/m³At old units with an annual mass flow till 1,5 Mg/a, specified as total carbon, the emissions in exhaustgas are not allowed to exceed 1,5 kg/h.

TRANSPORT REGULATIONS

UN Number: 2789Shipping name: Acetic acid, glacial or Acetic acid, aqueous solution with more than 80% acid, bymassHazard Identification Number: 83Class: 8 (Corrosive Substances)Packing Group: II (medium danger)Danger Label: 8/3

Tunnel restrictions:Transports in bulk or in tanks: passage forbidden through tunnels of category D and E.Other transports: passage forbidden through tunnels of category E.

UN Number: 2790Shipping name: Acetic acid, aqueous solution with 50 - 80 % acid, by massHazard Identification Number: 80Class: 8 (Corrosive Substances)Packing Group: II (medium danger) Shipping name: Acetic acid, aqueous solution with more than 10 % and less than 50 % acid, bymassHazard Identification Number: 80Class: 8 (Corrosive Substances)Packing Group: III (low danger) Danger Label: 8

Tunnel restrictions:Passage forbidden through tunnels of category E.

Passage forbidden through tunnels of category E.

TRGS 900 - GERMAN OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMIT VALUES

10 ml/m³25 mg/m³

Peak limitation: Excursion factor 2Duration 15 min, mean; 4 times per shift; interval 1 hourCategory I - Substances for which local irritant effects determine the exposure limit value, alsorespiratory allegens

There is no reason to fear a risk of damage to the developing embryo or foetus when AGW and BGWare adhered to.

Source: DFG

Reference: 05350

RECOMMENDATIONS OF MAK-COMMISSION

This data is recommended by scientific experience and is not established law.

10 ml/m³25 mg/m³

Limitation of exposure peaks:Excursion factor 2Duration 15 min, mean; 4 times per shift; interval 1 hour

Pregnancy: Group CThere is no reason to fear a risk of damage to the developing embryo or foetus when MAK and BATvalues are adhered to.

Reference: 08099

GERMAN ORDINANCE OF FAILURE

Data still refer to the old hazard classification, because this Ordinance has not yet been converted toGHS.

Annex I, No: 6Threshold for operating range to §1 sec. 1 Record 1: 5000000 kg Record 2: 50000000 kgScope: flammable substances

Please note: In the GESTIS database only the lowest amount threshold of a substance is given. If asubstance has several classifications, use must be made of the amount threshold from appendix Iwhich corresponds to the respective classification.

RESTRICTIONS OF USE / BANS OF USE

REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 Annex XVII; status - September 2012Annex XVII, Point 31. The putting into circulation and the utilisation of the substance is not allowed in decorative objects,games and joke articles.2. Substances labelled with R 65 which can be utilised as fuels in decorative lamps and are put in

2. Substances labelled with R 65 which can be utilised as fuels in decorative lamps and are put in

circulation in amounts of 15 l or less must not contain a dye and/or a perfume.Further information on prohibitions can be taken from the regulation.Prohibitions of Chemicals Ordinance; status - November 2010Annex to §1, Section 5See entry to Annex XVII, Point 3 of REACH Regulation (EC) No 552/2009. Annex to §1, Section 21It is prohibited to release to private end-consumers:1. the substance in aerosol packages for purposes of entertainment and decoration as well as2. the substance as component of a formulation in aerosol packages for purposes of entertainmentand decorationFurther information on prohibitions and exceptions can be taken from the Prohibition of ChemicalsOrdinance and the REACH Regulation (EC) No 552/2009 Annex XVII, Point 40.

Directives on Safety in School (BGR/GUV-SR 2003)Activity ban for pupils till grade 4 (form) inclusive.Substance list to GUV-SR 2004 (as of 11.2010)Special substitute check required (substances with CMR, T+, E, and C with R35).Substance list to GUV-SR 2004 (as of 11.2010)

Consumer Goods Ordinance; status - February 2011Attachment 1 to § 3, Point 5The substance must not be utilised for the production or treatment of joke articles.

FURTHER REGULATIONS

TRGS 200Einstufung und Kennzeichnung von Stoffen, Zubereitungen und Erzeugnissen; Ausgabe Oktober2011

TRGS 201Einstufung und Kennzeichnung bei Tätigkeiten mit Gefahrstoffen; Ausgabe Oktober 2011

TRGS 400Gefährdungsbeurteilung für Tätigkeiten mit Gefahrstoffen; Ausgabe Dezember 2010; geändert undergänzt September 2012

TRGS 555Betriebsanweisung und Information der Beschäftigten; Ausgabe Januar 2013

TRGS 600Substitution; Ausgabe August 2008

TRGS 402Ermitteln und Beurteilen der Gefährdungen bei Tätigkeiten mit Gefahrstoffen: Inhalative Exposition;Ausgabe Januar 2010, zuletzt geändert und ergänzt : GMBl 2014 (Nr. 12)

TRGS 401Gefährdung durch Hautkontakt, Ermittlung - Beurteilung - Maßnahmen; Ausgabe Juni 2008; berichtigtFebruar 2010

TRGS 500Schutzmaßnahmen; Ausgabe Januar 2008, ergänzt Mai 2008

TRGS 510Lagerung von Gefahrstoffen in ortsbeweglichen Behältern; Ausgabe Januar 2013

TRGS 800Brandschutzmaßnahmen; Ausgabe Dezember 2010

LINKS

International Limit ValuesSuitable analytical methodsThe MAK Collection for Occupational Health and Safety

REFERENCES

Reference: 00001IFA: Erfassungs- und Pflegehandbuch der GESTIS-Stoffdatenbank (nicht öffentlich)Data acquisition and maintenance manual of the GESTIS substance database (not publicly)

Reference: 00440Datenbank CHEMSAFE, Version 2.9 (2013), DECHEMA-PTB-BAM

Reference: 00446Datenbank CHEMSAFE, DECHEMA-PTB-BAM. Dampfdruckdaten berechnet aus Antoine-Konstanten

Reference: 00500RÖMPP Online ab 2003

Reference: 01211GHS-Sicherheitsdatenblatt (GHS Material Safety Data Sheet), Merck

Reference: 02030Dräger "Gefahrstoffdatenbank" im Internet ab 2001

Reference: 02070LOG KOW Databank, compiled by Dr. James Sangster, Sangster Research Laboratories, Montreal,Canada, distributed by Technical Database Services (TDS), New York

Reference: 02071Toxicological Data, compiled by the National Institute of Health (NIH), USA, selected and distributedby Technical Database Services (TDS), New York, 2009

Reference: 02072Ecotoxicological Data, compiled by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), selected anddistributed by Technical Database Services (TDS), New York, 2009

Reference: 05200Kühn-Birett "Merkblätter Gefährliche Arbeitsstoffe" Loseblattsammlung mit Ergänzungslieferungen,ecomed Sicherheit, Landsberg

Reference: 05300TRGS 510 "Lagerung von Gefahrstoffen in ortsbeweglichen Behältern" Ausgabe Januar 2013

Reference: 05350TRGS 900 "Arbeitsplatzgrenzwerte" Ausgabe Januar 2006, zuletzt geändert und ergänzt : GMBl2014 (Nr. 12)

Reference: 06002

Reference: 06002

L. Roth, U. Weller "Gefährliche Chemische Reaktionen" Loseblattsammlung mitErgänzungslieferungen ("Dangerous chemical reactions" loose-leaf collection with supplementdeliveries), ecomed-Verlag

Reference: 06632DGUV Regel 112-190 (BGR/GUV-R 190): Benutzung von Atemschutzgeräten; Ausgabe 12/2011

Reference: 07500Verordnung (EG) Nr. 1272/2008 des Europäischen Parlaments und des Rates vom 16. Dezember2008 über die Einstufung, Kennzeichnung und Verpackung von Stoffen und Gemischen, zurÄnderung und Aufhebung der Richtlinien 67/548/EWG und 1999/45/EG und zur Änderung derVerordnung (EG) Nr.1907/2006 (EG-GHS-Verordnung)

Reference: 07584Allgemeine Verwaltungsvorschrift zur Änderung der Verwaltungsvorschrift wassergefährdende Stoffe- VwVwS vom 27. Juli 2005; Bundesanzeiger Jahrgang 57, Nr. 142a, vom 30. Juli 2005

Reference: 07606Wirth, Gloxhuber "Toxikologie" 4.Auflage, Thieme Verlag 1985

Reference: 07619DFG: Toxikologisch-arbeitsmedizinische Begründungen von MAK-Werten; Verlag Chemie

Reference: 07636L. Parmeggiani (Edt.) "Enzyclopedia of Occupational Health and Safety" 3. Auflage, InternationalLabour Office, Genf 1983

Reference: 07638M. Daunderer "Toxikologische Enzyklopädie - Klinische Toxikologie - Giftinformation, Giftnachweis,Vergiftungstherapie" Loseblatt-Ausgabe, ecomed-Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Landsberg

Reference: 07656D. Walsh (Hrsg.) "Chemical Safety Data Sheets; Vol. I Solvents, Vol. II Metalls, Vol. III Corrosivesand Irritants, Vol. IV Toxic Chemicals, Vol.V Flammable Chemicals" University of Technology,Loughborough 1990

Reference: 07727L. Roth "Gefahrstoff-Entsorgung" Loseblattsammlung mit Ergänzungslieferungen, ecomed-Verlag,Landsberg

Reference: 07742British Industrial Biological Research Association "Toxicity Profiles" BIBRA Information Department,Carshalton

Reference: 07795H. Geerißen "GloSaDa 2000 Plus - Glove Safety Data"

Reference: 07836L. Lewin "Gifte und Vergiftungen" 6. Auflage, Karl F. Haug Verlag, Heidelberg 1992

Reference: 07866G.D. Clayton, F.E. Clayton (edt.) "Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology" Volume II "Toxicology",4. Auflage, John Wiley & Sons, New York 1993

Reference: 07902ADR 2013 - Europäisches Übereinkommen über die internationale Beförderung gefährlicher Güterauf der Straße (ADR)

Reference: 07930

Reference: 07930NIOSH IDLHs "Dokumentation for Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLHs)"U.S. Department of Health and Human Service, Cincinnati Mai 1994

Reference: 07934IUCLID-Datensätze 1996, European Commission JRC

Reference: 07979W.M. Grant, J.S. Schuman: Toxicology of the eyes; 4th Edition, Charles C Thomas Publisher,Springfield, Illinois; 1993

Reference: 08013Ludewig "Akute Vergiftungen" 9. Auflage, Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft, Stuttgart 1999

Reference: 08086BG-Chemie-Merkblatt T 033 Ausgabe 4/2009 (BGI 5127) "Vermeidung von Zündgefahren infolgeelektrostatischer Aufladung"

Reference: 08099DFG Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft: MAK- und BAT-Werte-Liste 2013, Senatskommission zurPrüfung gesundheitsschädlicher Arbeitsstoffe, Mitteilung 49; VCH

Reference: 99983Literaturlisten - Standardwerke, erweitert (Bibliographical reference - standard works, extended)

Reference: 99991Analogieschluss aus Kühn-Birett-Merkblättern (Analogy from Kühn-Birett leaflets)

Reference: 99992Projektgebundene Literaturliste Nr. 5(Project related bibliographical reference No 5)

Reference: 99999Angabe des Bearbeiters (Indication of the editor)This substance datasheet was created with greatest care. Nevertheless no liability irrespective of legal basis can be

accepted.