Accurate Fault Location Using Detailed Transmission Line Models

NSF/EPRI Workshop

M. Kezunovic

Texas A&M University

March 29, 2002

ACCURATE FAULT LOCATION

• ACCURACY OF 1%

• NOT AFFECTED BY Rf

• NO IMPACT OF MUTUAL COUPLING

• WORKS WITH HIGH SPEED AUTOREC.

• TRANSPARENT TO FAULT TYPE

• WORKS FOR TRANSP. AND UNTRANSP. TRANSMISSION LINES

• BASED ON ACCURATE EMTP MODEL

NEW FAULT ANALYSYS CONCEPT

CentralFile Server

System wideanalysis

COMTRADEFaxing

Substationanalysis

DPR

SER

DFR GPS

Faxing

Substationanalysis

DPR

SER

DFRGPS

Email, Fax, andPager Notification

IntranetBroadcasting

WWWHosting

ACCURATE FAULT LOCATION

THE BASIC PRINCIPLE

“S” AND “R” EQUATIONS

EQUATION FOR PHASE “a”

FAULT LOCATION EQUATION

WAPA TEST SYSTEM

WAPA TEST SYSTEM

• FAULT LOCATIONS

• FAULT TYPES

• FAULT INCIDENCE ANGLE

• FAULT IMPEDANCE

• SERIES CAPACITORS

• INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS

TEST RESULTS

TEST RESULTS

FACTORS AFFECTING ACCURACY

• SAMPLING FREQUENCY

• EMTP MODEL ACCURACY

• USE OF “SHORT” AND”LONG” TRANSMISSION LINE MODELS

• TRANSPOSITION POINTS

• COUPLING WITH THE LINES THAT END AT “OTHER” BUSES

• SAMPLING SYNCHRONIZATION

CONCLUSIONS

• USING MODEL-BASED TECHNIQUES• ACCURATE FAULT LOCATION USING

SYNCHRONIZED DATA• THE NEED FOR ON-LINE PARAMETER

ESTIMATION AND MODEL IDENTIFICATION• AN ULTIMATE RELAYING SCHEME, BUT

SLIGHTLY DELAYED ACTION DUE TO EXTENSIVE COMMUNICATION NEEDS