accounting models for cloud computing a systematic mapping study
DESCRIPTION
Presentation performed at Grid Computing and Applications Conference (GCA'12) during the macro conferente WorldComp'12.TRANSCRIPT
cin.ufpe.br/~faps/jitca
cin.ufpe.br/~faps/jitca
Accounting Models for Cloud Computing: A Systematic Mapping Study
Francisco Airton ([email protected])Paulo Anselmo ([email protected])Vinicius Garcia ([email protected])Rodrigo Assad ([email protected])Fernando Trinta ([email protected])
Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE) - Brazil
Federal University ofPernambuco
National Institute of Science and Technology for Software EngineeringRNP
cin.ufpe.br/~faps/jitca
$$ $ $
Taxonomy
Architectures
RulesTechnologiesSLA’s........
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Systematic Mapping Study
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2
3
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Outline
• Questions• Answers• Analysis• Conclusion
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cin.ufpe.br/~faps/jitca
Questions
RQ1: Is there any taxonomy for concepts related to accounting process in cloud computing?
RQ2: What are the existing accounting models for cloud computing?
RQ3: What are the existing pricing schemes for cloud/grid computing?
RQ4: What are the aspects taken into account to compose a SLA in cloud/grid computing scenario?
580 papers
98 papers
23 papers
4
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Outline
• Questions
• Answers• Analysis• Conclusion
5
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Mapping ResultsRQ1 - Is there any taxonomy for concepts related to accounting process in cloud computing?
[Agundez, 2010]
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Mapping Results RQ2: What are the existing accounting models for cloud computing?
A Model for Federated Clouds
Cloud Supply Chain
Flexible Accounting Model
ABS
THEMIS
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Results Analysis Accounting Models Analysis
Flexible Accounting Model
A Model for Federated Clouds ABS THEMIS Cloud Supply
ChainPricing
Metering
Mediation
Accounting
Roaming
Billing
Charging
Finantial Clearing
Cloud Federation
Just in Time Clouds
User Interface
Security Support
SLA Support
Variable Payment Models
FeaturesModels
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Mapping Results
RQ3: What are the existing pricing schemes for cloud/grid computing?
Time-based QoS-based
Volume-based Service type
Usage-based Content-based
Flat-rate Progressive Co-design
Differentiation on time-of-day Competitor-Oriented (CO) Pricing
Location-based Cost-based
Paris-Metro pricing Supply and Demand based
Priority pricing Real-Time Pricing (RTP)
Edge pricing Derivative Follower Model
Responsive pricing Hybrid Pricing Model
Effective bandwidth pricing Auction based
Proportional fairness pricing English Auction
Cumulus pricing First-Price Sealed-Bid AuctionSession-oriented Vickrey
One-off charge per service Dutch AuctionDouble Auction
31 Pricing Schemes
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Mapping Results
RQ4: What are the aspects taken into account to compose a SLA in cloud/grid computing scenario?
SLA Components
SLA Language
SLA Satisfaction
Function
SLA Metrics X
Service Type
10
cin.ufpe.br/~faps/jitca
Mapping Results
1. Validity Period
2. Purpose
3. Parties
4. Restrictions
5. Penalties
6. Scope
7. Service-Level Objectives
8. Optional Services
9. Exclusions
RQ4: What are the aspects taken into account to compose a SLA in cloud/grid computing scenario?
SLA Components
SLA Language
SLA Satisfaction
Function
SLA Metrics X
Service Type
11
cin.ufpe.br/~faps/jitca
Outline
• Questions• Answers
•Analysis• Conclusion
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Results Analysis Research Type Classification
Validation Research
Evaluation Research
Solution Proposal
Philosophical Paper
Opinion Paper
Experience Paper
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
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Method
Process
Technique
Model
Framework
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Results Analysis Contribution Type Classification
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RQ1 :“Taxonomy”RQ2: “Accounting Models”RQ3: “Pricing Schemes”RQ4: “SLA Composition”
Results Analysis Research Types X Research Questions
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Outline
• Questions• Answers• Analysis
• Conclusion
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Conclusions
Overview
Few Research on Industrial Environment
TaxonomyAccounting
ModelsPricing
SchemesSLA
Composition
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Future Work
• Develop a flexible accounting framework
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Done!!
Diff P
ricin
g Sch
emes
SLA
Sup
port
Formal Taxonomy
Security
cin.ufpe.br/~faps/jitca 22
Thank You!!
cin.ufpe.br/~faps/jitca
Accounting Models for Cloud Computing: A Systematic Mapping Study
Francisco Airton ([email protected])Paulo Anselmo ([email protected])Vinicius Garcia ([email protected])Rodrigo Assad ([email protected])Fernando Trinta ([email protected])
Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE) - Brazil
Federal University ofPernambuco
National Institute of Science and Technology for Software EngineeringRNP
cin.ufpe.br/~faps/jitca
Mapping Study Process
cin.ufpe.br/~faps/jitca
Protocol Definition
Conduct Research
Screening
keywording
Extracting Data
Mapping Study ProcessResearch Questions
[Peterson, 2007]
RQ1: Is there any taxonomy for concepts related to accounting process in cloud computing?
RQ2: What are the existing accounting models for cloud computing?
RQ3: What are the existing pricing schemes for cloud/grid computing?
RQ4: What are the aspects taken into account to compose a SLA in cloud/grid computing scenario?
cin.ufpe.br/~faps/jitca
Protocol Definition
Conduct Research
Screening
keywording
Extracting Data
SLA OR “Service Level Agreement” OR billing OR pricing OR payment OR accounting
AND
“Cloud computing” OR “Grid computing” OR “Infrastructure as a Service” OR “Platform as a Service”
OR “Software as a Service”
Search String
Mapping Study Process
580 Papers
cin.ufpe.br/~faps/jitca
Protocol Definition
Conduct Research
Screening
keywording
Extracting Data
First Filter98 papers
Second Filter23 papers
Exclusion Criteria1. Papers that just
mentioned the studied research issue.
2. Studies only available as abstracts or presentations
3. Duplicate studies
Mapping Study Process
cin.ufpe.br/~faps/jitca
Protocol Definition
Conduct Research
Screening
keywording
Extracting Data
Category Types
Accounting Model Features
Pricing, Metering, Mediation, Accounting, Roaming, Billing, Charging, Financial Clearing, Cloud Federation, Just in Time Clouds, User Interface, Security Support, SLA Support and Variable Payment Models;
Research type
Validation Research, Evaluation Research, Solution Proposal, Philosophical Papers, Opinion Papers, Experience Papers
Contribution Type Method, Process, Technique, Model
and Framework
Mapping Study Process
cin.ufpe.br/~faps/jitca
Protocol Definition
Conduct Research
Screening
keywording
Extracting Data
Mapping Study Process
Look for answers
cin.ufpe.br/~faps/jitca
Threats to Validity
Research Questions
Publication Bias
Data Extraction
cin.ufpe.br/~faps/jitca
Accounting Models
cin.ufpe.br/~faps/jitca
Mapping Results RQ2: What are the existing accounting models for cloud computing?
A Model for Federated Clouds
Cloud Supply Chain
Flexible Accounting Model
ABS
THEMIS
Business
Billing
Accounting
Business
Billing
Accounting
cin.ufpe.br/~faps/jitca
Mapping Results RQ2: What are the existing accounting models for cloud computing?
A Model for Federated Clouds
Cloud Supply Chain
Flexible Accounting Model
ABS
THEMIS
cin.ufpe.br/~faps/jitca
Mapping Results RQ2: What are the existing accounting models for cloud computing?
A Model for Federated Clouds
Cloud Supply Chain
Flexible Accounting Model
ABS
THEMIS
IPDR< data usage record >
cin.ufpe.br/~faps/jitca
Mapping Results RQ2: What are the existing accounting models for cloud computing?
A Model for Federated Clouds
Cloud Supply Chain
Flexible Accounting Model
ABS
THEMIS
Resource 1 Resource 2 Resource 3
Provisioning
Security Billing
Clients
[ABS]
cin.ufpe.br/~faps/jitca
Mapping Results RQ2: What are the existing accounting models for cloud computing?
A Model for Federated Clouds
Cloud Supply Chain
Flexible Accounting Model
ABS
THEMIS Clients
Cloud Notary
Authority
Billing Transactions
cin.ufpe.br/~faps/jitca
Mapping Results
RQ4: What are the aspects taken into account to compose a SLA in cloud/grid computing scenario?
SLA Components
SLA Language
SLA Satisfaction
Function
SLA Metrics X
Service Type
10
cin.ufpe.br/~faps/jitca
Mapping Results
1. Validity Period
2. Purpose
3. Parties
4. Restrictions
5. Penalties
6. Scope
7. Service-Level Objectives
8. Optional Services
9. Exclusions
RQ4: What are the aspects taken into account to compose a SLA in cloud/grid computing scenario?
SLA Components
SLA Language
SLA Satisfaction
Function
SLA Metrics X
Service Type
11
cin.ufpe.br/~faps/jitca
Mapping Results
<Cloud WB-name: name> <Class: GOLD>
<QoS> Reputation = 5 RTmin= 8ms //minimum value of response Cost? "$0.1" Min Availability= 90% </QoS> //[...]
</Class GOLD> //[...]</Cloud WB-name: name>
RQ4: What are the aspects taken into account to compose a SLA in cloud/grid computing scenario?
SLA Components
SLA Language
SLA Satisfaction
Function
SLA Metrics X
Service Type
12
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Mapping Results
Parameters for IaaS
CPU Capacity Memory
Boot Time Storage
Scale Up /Down Response Time
Scale Up Time Scale Down Time
RQ4: What are the aspects taken into account to compose a SLA in cloud/grid computing scenario?
SLA Components
SLA Language
SLA Satisfaction
Function
SLA Metrics X
Service Type
13
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Mapping Results
Good
...
Tolerable Fail
0 se
c
50%
of
M
V R
T
MV
RT
...
Response Time:
RQ4: What are the aspects taken into account to compose a SLA in cloud/grid computing scenario?
SLA Components
SLA Language
SLA Satisfaction
Function
SLA Metrics X
Service Type
14