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Chapter 1

Accounting and Auditing Supplement No. 1–2019

Introduction

This update includes the more significant accounting and auditing developments from December 16,

2018, through March 31, 2019. Included in this update are standard setting and project activities of the

Auditing Standards Board (ASB), Accounting and Review Services Committee (ARSC), Professional

Ethics Executive Committee (PEEC), FASB, PCAOB, and the SEC.

These developments, although believed to be complete at the date at which they were prepared for this

course material, may not cover all areas within accounting and auditing relevant to all users of this

material.

This update may refer you to other sources of information, in which case you are strongly encouraged to

review that information if relevant to your needs.


Audit and accounting final and proposed standards

Final standards, interpretations, and regulations

AICPA

Auditing Standards Board

Statement on Auditing Standards

Statement on Auditing Standards (SAS) Auditor Reporting and Amendments Addressing Disclosures in

Audits of Financial Statements

Issue date

January 2019

Background

The ASB voted to issue a final version of its Statement on Auditing Standards, Omnibus Statement on

Auditing Standards–2019, which aligns the AICPA guidance more closely with that of the PCAOB.

Main provisions and significant changes

The omnibus statement amends the following:

Statement on Auditing Standards (SAS) No. 122, Statements on Auditing Standards: Clarification and

Recodification, as amended:

AU-C section 210, Terms of Engagement, which addresses the auditor’s responsibilities in agreeing upon

the terms of the audit engagement with management and, when appropriate, those charged with

governance. The amendment to AU-C section 210 is intended to enhance guidance relating to obtaining

information about related parties and significant unusual transactions from predecessor auditors.

AU-C section 240, Consideration of Fraud in a Financial Statement Audit, which addresses the auditor’s

responsibilities relating to fraud in an audit of financial statements. This amendment introduces and

defines the term significant unusual transactions. This amendment includes requirements for basic

procedures for obtaining information for evaluating significant unusual transactions, and guidance and

conforming changes related to significant unusual transactions.


AU-C section 260, The Auditor’s Communication With Those Charged With Governance, which adds

material from PCAOB AS 1301 that the ASB believes will enhance the quality of audits of financial

statements of non-issuers.

AU-C section 265, Communicating Internal Control Deficiencies Identified in an Audit, which addresses the

auditor’s responsibility to appropriately communicate to those charged with governance and

management deficiencies in internal control that the auditor has identified in an audit of financial

statements.

AU-C section 315, Understanding the Entity and Its Environment and Assessing the Risks of Material

Misstatement, which addresses the auditor’s responsibility to identify and assess the risks of material

misstatement in the financial statements through understanding the entity and its environment, including

the entity’s internal control.

AU-C section 330, Performing Audit Procedures in Response to Assessed Risks and Evaluating the Audit

Evidence Obtained, which addresses the auditor’s responsibility to design and implement responses to

the risks of material misstatement identified and assessed by the auditor in accordance with AU-C

section 315, Understanding the Entity and Its Environment and Assessing the Risks of Material

Misstatement, and to evaluate the audit evidence obtained in an audit of financial statements.

AU-C section 510, Opening Balances–Initial Audit Engagements, Including Reaudit Engagements, which

addresses the auditor’s responsibilities relating to opening balances in an initial audit engagement,

including a reaudit engagement. The amendment is intended to enhance guidance relating to obtaining

information about related parties and significant unusual transactions from predecessor auditors.

AU-C section 550, Related Parties, which addresses the auditor’s responsibilities relating to subsequent

events and subsequently discovered facts in an audit of financial statements. The amendment is

intended to enhance guidance relating to obtaining information about subsequent events.

AU-C section 560, Subsequent Events and Subsequently Discovered Facts, which addresses situations

where a predecessor auditor is asked to reissue a previously issued auditor’s report on financial

statements that are to be presented on a comparative basis of a subsequent period.

AU-C section 580, Written Representations, which addresses the auditor’s responsibilities to obtain

written representations from management and, when appropriate, those charged with governance in an

audit of financial statements. This amendment is intended to enhance guidance relating to obtaining

representations about related parties and related party transactions.

AU-C section 600, Special Considerations–Audits of Group Financial Statements (Including the Work of

Component Auditors), which addresses special considerations that apply to group audits, in particular

those that involve component auditors. The amendment is intended to enhance requirements relating to

obtaining information about related parties.

AU-C section 930, Interim Financial Information, which addresses the auditor’s responsibilities when

engaged to review interim financial information under specified conditions. This amendment is intended


to enhance guidance relating to obtaining information about related parties and significant unusual

transactions.

SAS No. 130, An Audit of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting That Is Integrated With an Audit of

Financial Statements (AU-C sec. 940), which establishes requirements and provides guidance that applies

only when an auditor is engaged to perform an audit of internal control over financial reporting that is

integrated with an audit of financial statements.

Effective date

When issued, this SAS is expected to be effective no earlier than for audits of financial statements for

periods ending on or after December 15, 2020.


Statement on Auditing Standards

Statement on Auditing Standards (SAS) Auditor Reporting and Amendments Addressing Disclosures in Audits of Financial Statements

Issue date

March 2019

Background

The ASB issued a revised technical questions and answers (TQAs), 8100.03, that provides

nonauthoritative guidance to auditors, when auditing and reporting on an entity’s prior period financial

statements, about using the auditing standards and the form of the auditor’s report that are in effect at

the time the audit is performed.


The TQA provides the examples of upcoming standards that are expected to be issued on auditor

reporting and on financial statement audits of employee benefit plans subject to Employee Retirement

Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA).

Accounting and Review Services Committee

The Accounting and Review Standards Committee did not issue any new or revised standards or

interpretations in this period.

PEEC

The PEEC did not issue any new or revised standards or interpretations in this period.


FASB

Accounting Standards Updates

Accounting Standards Update No. 2019-01

Leases (Topic 842): Codification Improvements

Issue date

March 2019

Background

On February 25, 2016, FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842),

to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease

liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing essential information about leasing transactions. FASB has

an ongoing annual improvements project on its agenda to clarify the FASB Accounting Standards

Codification® more generally and/or to correct unintended application of guidance.

FASB did not create a transition resource group (TRG) to address the leases guidance because many of

the concepts used in FASB ASC 842, Leases, are like those currently used in FASB ASC 840, Leases.

Although a formal TRG was not created, FASB and staff have been assisting stakeholders during this

transitional period by responding to inquiries received and proactively seeking feedback on potential

implementation issues that could arise as organizations implement FASB ASC 842.


The amendments in this update include the following items brought to FASB’s attention through those

interactions with stakeholders:

1. Determining the fair value of the underlying asset by lessors that are not manufacturers or dealers (Issue 1)

2. Presentation on the statement of cash flows — sales-type and direct financing leases (Issue 2) 3. Transition disclosures related to FASB ASC 250, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections (Issue 3)

The amendments in this update for Issue 1 affect all lessors that are not manufacturers or dealers

(generally financial institutions and captive finance companies).

The amendments in this update for Issue 2 affect all lessors that are depository and lending entities

within the scope of FASB ASC 942, Financial Services–Depository and Lending.

The amendments in this update for Issue 3 affect all entities that are lessees or lessors.


Effective date

The transition and effective date provisions for this update apply to Issue 1 and Issue 2. They do not

apply to Issue 3 because the amendments for that issue are to the original transition requirements in

FASB ASC 842.

FASB ASC 842 has different effective dates for public business entities and entities other than public

business entities. The effective date of those amendments is for fiscal years beginning after December

15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years for any of the following:

1. A public business entity

2. A not-for-profit (NFP) entity that has issued, or is a conduit bond obligor for, securities that are traded,

listed, or quoted on an exchange or an overthe-counter market

3. An employee benefit plan that files financial statements with the SEC

For all other entities, the effective date is for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim

periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020.

Early application is permitted for all entities. An entity should apply the amendments as of the date that it

first applied FASB ASC 842, using the same transition methodology in accordance with FASB ASC 842-

10-65-1(c).

FASB ASU No. 2019-02

Entertainment–Films–Other Assets–Film Costs (Subtopic 926-20) and Entertainment–Broadcasters–Intangibles–Goodwill and Other (Subtopic 920-350): Improvements to Accounting for Costs of Films and License Agreements for Program Materials (a consensus of the Emerging Issues Task Force)

Issue date

March 2019

Background

FASB ASC 926-20, Entertainment–Films — Other Assets–Film Costs, previously included different

capitalization requirements for film production in the entertainment industry based on the type of content

being produced. For films, all production costs as specified in FASB ASC 926-20 were capitalized. For an

episodic television series, production costs specified in FASB ASC 926-20 were capitalized up to the

amount of revenue contracted for each episode in the initial market until persuasive evidence existed that

revenue from secondary markets would occur or an entity could demonstrate a history of earning such

revenue in that market.

Considering significant changes in production and distribution models in the entertainment industry, some

stakeholders questioned whether the capitalization guidance for episodic television series in FASB ASC 926-

20 provided relevant information for investors and other users. Stakeholders also suggested aligning FASB

ASC 920-350, Entertainment–Broadcasters — Intangibles–Goodwill and Other, which provides guidance for

license agreements for program materials, to any changes made to FASB ASC 926-20.


The amendments in this update better reflect the economics of an episodic television series, align the

accounting with films, and provide more relevant financial reporting information to users of financial

statements.

The amendments in this update apply to broadcasters and entities that produce and distribute films and

episodic television series.


The amendments in this update

align the accounting for production costs of an episodic television series with the accounting for production costs of films by removing the content distinction for capitalization,

require that an entity reassess estimates of the use of a film for a film in a film group, and account for any changes prospectively.

The amendments in this update require that an entity test a film or license agreement for program

material within the scope of FASB ASC 920-350 for impairment at a film group level when the film or

license agreement is predominantly monetized with other films and/or license agreements. A film group

is the lowest level at which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other films

and/or license agreements.

The amendments also do the following:

1. Add examples of events or changes in circumstances that indicate that an entity should assess a film

group for impairment

2. Add examples of events or changes in circumstances that indicate that an entity should assess an

individual film for impairment after its release

3. Require an entity to reassess the predominant monetization strategy when a significant change in the

monetization strategy occurs

4. Align the impairment model in FASB ASC 920-350 with the fair value model in FASB ASC 926-20

5. Require an entity to write off unamortized film costs when a film is substantively abandoned

The amendments address presentation, require that an entity provide new disclosures about content that

is either produced or licensed, and address cash flow classification for license agreements.

Effective date

For public business entities, the amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after

December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years.

For all other entities, the amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020,

and interim periods within those fiscal years.

Early adoption is permitted, including early adoption in an interim period, (a) for public business entities

for periods for which financial statements have not yet been issued and (b) for all other entities for

periods for which financial statements have not yet been made available for issuance.


The amendments in this update should be applied prospectively. Under a prospective transition, an entity

should apply the amendments at the beginning of the period that includes the adoption date.

Accounting Standards Update No. 2019-03

Not-for-Profit Entities (Topic 958): Updating the Definition of Collections

Issue date

March 2019

Background

FASB became aware of a concern that the definition of the term collections in the Master Glossary of the

FASB Accounting Standards Codification differs from the definition used in the American Alliance of

Museums’ (AAM) Code of Ethics for Museums (the Code). The definition used in the Code, which served

as the basis for the guidance on collections in FASB Statement No. 116, Accounting for Contributions

Received and Contributions Made, was revised by the AAM after the issuance of Statement 116.

FASB is issuing this update to improve the definition of collections in the Master Glossary by realigning it

with the definition in the Code. A technical correction in FASB ASC 360, Property, Plant, and Equipment,

also clarifies that the accounting and disclosure guidance for collections in FASB ASC 958-360, Not-for-

Profit Entities — Property, Plant, and Equipment, applies to business entities as well as NFP entities,

consistent with what was indicated in Statement 116.

The amendments in this update apply to all entities that maintain collections, including business entities.

However, accounting for collections is primarily an issue for certain NFP entities because collections

often are held by museums, botanical gardens and similar educational, research, and public service

organizations.


The amendments in this update modify the definition of the term collections and require that a collection-

holding entity disclose its policy for the use of proceeds from when collection items are removed from a

collection. If such an entity has a policy that allows proceeds from deaccessioned (removed) collection

items to be used for direct care, it should disclose its definition of direct care.

Current generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) state that an entity need not recognize

contributions of works of art, historical treasures, and similar assets if the donated items are added to

collections and meet three conditions. However, the entity must be subject to an organizational policy

that requires that proceeds from sales of collection items be used to acquire other items for collections.

The amendments in this update modify that condition so that the proceeds to be used to support the

direct care of existing collections in addition to the current requirement that proceeds from sales of

collection items be used to acquire other items for collections.


Current GAAP also states that an NFP that holds works of art, historical treasures, and similar items that

meet the definition of a collection has three alternative policies for reporting that collection. They are

capitalization, capitalization of all collection items on a prospective basis, or no capitalization.

The amendments in this update eliminate the diversity in practice that exists today between the

application of the Master Glossary’s definition compared with the definition that many entities use for

accreditation purposes.

Effective date

The amendments in this update are effective for annual financial statements issued for fiscal years

beginning after December 15, 2019, and for interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December

15, 2020.

Early application of the amendments is permitted.

The amendments in this update should be applied on a prospective basis.

SEC

Release No. 33-10618; 34-85381; IA-5206; IC-33426; File No. S7-08-17

FAST Act Modernization and Simplification of Regulation S-K

Issue date

March 2019

Background

The SEC adopted amendments to modernize and simplify certain disclosure requirements in Regulation

S-K and related rules and forms in a manner that reduces the costs and burdens on registrants while

continuing to provide all material information to investors.

The amendments are also intended to improve the readability and navigability of disclosure documents

and discourage repetition and disclosure of immaterial information. To provide for a consistent set of

rules to govern incorporating information by reference and hyperlinking, the SEC also adopted parallel

amendments to several rules and forms applicable to investment companies and investment advisers,

including amendments that would require certain investment company filings to be submitted in HTML

format.


Effective date

The final rules are effective May 2, 2019, except for the amendments to the following, which are effective

April 2, 2019:

17 CFR 229.601(b)(2) and (b)(10)(iv) paragraph 4(a) of Instructions as to Exhibits of 17 CFR 249.220f Instruction 6 to Item 1.01 of 17 CFR 249.308 Instruction 4 to Item 28 of 17 CFR 239.15A and 274.11A Instruction 6 to Item 25.2 of 17 CFR 239.14 and 274.11a-1 Instruction 5 to Item 29(b) of 17 CFR 239.17a and 274.11b Instruction 5 to Item 24(b) of 17 CFR 239.17b and 274.11c Instruction 3 of Instructions as to Exhibits of 17 CFR 239.24 and 274.5 new Instruction 3 to 2 Item 26 of 17 CFR 239.17c and 274.11d Instruction 3 to Item 16 of 17 CFR 239.23 Additional Instruction 3 to the Instructions as to Exhibits of 17 CFR 239.16 Instruction 3 to IX. Exhibits of 17 CFR 274.12

PCAOB

PCAOB Release No. 2018-005, December 20, 2018

Auditing Accounting Estimates, Including Fair Value Measurements and Amendments to PCAOB Auditing Standards1

Issue date

December 2018

Background

The PCAOB adopted an auditing standard, PCAOB AS 2501, Auditing Accounting Estimates., Including Fair

Value Measurements and amendments to other PCAOB auditing standards. The standard strengthens

and enhances the requirements for auditing accounting estimates by establishing a single standard that

sets forth a uniform, risk-based approach.

Under these amendments, three existing standards are being replaced with a single, updated standard —

AS 2501 (Revised) or “the new standard.”

AS 2501, Auditing Accounting Estimates will be updated and retitled AS 2501, Auditing Accounting Estimates, Including Fair Value Measurements.

Two other standards — AS 2502, Auditing Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, and AS 2503, Auditing Derivative Instruments, Hedging Activities, and Investments in Securities — will be superseded.

1 The Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, www.pcaobus.org


These three standards, originally adopted between 1988 and 2003, include common approaches for

substantive testing but vary in describing the auditor’s responsibilities with respect to those approaches.

The standards predate FASB’s risk assessment standards, so they do not fully integrate risk assessment

requirements that relate to identifying, assessing, and responding to the risks of material misstatement in

accounting estimates.

The auditing standard and related amendments apply to all audits conducted in accordance with PCAOB

standards.

Main provisions and significant revisions

FASB is adopting amendments to its standards and auditing interpretations that do the following:

Replace the following: – AS 2501, Auditing Accounting Estimates; and retitle the standard as Auditing Accounting

Estimates, Including Fair Value Measurements Rescind the following:

– AS 2502, Auditing Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures – AS 2503, Auditing Derivative Instruments, Hedging Activities, and Investments in Securities

Revise the following: – AS 1015, Due Professional Care in the Performance of Work – AS 1105, Audit Evidence – AS 1205, Part of the Audit Performed by Other Independent Auditors – AS 2110, Identifying and Assessing Risks of Material Misstatement – AS 2301, The Auditor's Responses to the Risks of Material Misstatement – AS 2401, Consideration of Fraud in a Financial Statement Audit – AS 2805, Management Representations

Rescind the following: – AI 16, Auditing Accounting Estimates: Auditing Interpretations of AS 2501

The new standard builds on the common approaches in the three existing standards and strengthens

PCAOB auditing standards by

prompting auditors to devote greater attention to addressing potential management bias in accounting estimates, as part of applying professional skepticism,

extending certain key requirements in the existing standard on auditing fair value measurements to other accounting estimates in significant accounts and disclosures,

more explicitly integrating requirements with FASB’s risk assessment standards to focus auditors on estimates with greater risk of material misstatement,

providing additional clarity and specificity, and providing a special topics appendix to address certain aspects unique to auditing fair values of

financial instruments.

Effective date

FASB determined that AS 2501 (Revised) and related amendments will take effect, subject to approval by

the SEC, for audits of financial statements for fiscal years ending on or after December 15, 2020.


PCAOB Release No. 2018-006, December 20, 2018

AMENDMENTS TO AUDITING STANDARDS FOR AUDITOR'S USE OF THE WORK OF SPECIALISTS2

Issue date

December 2018

Background

Many companies employ or engage specialists to provide information used in the preparation of their

financial statements. Auditors often use the work of company specialists as audit evidence. Auditors also

may employ or engage their own specialists to assist in obtaining and evaluating audit evidence.

The PCAOB adopted amendments to its auditing standards that strengthen the requirements that apply

when auditors use the work of specialists in an audit. The amendments fortify the requirements for

evaluating the work of a company’s specialist, whether employed or engaged by the company, and

applying a supervisory approach to both auditor-employed and auditor-engaged specialists.

FASB is amending two existing auditing standards, AS 1105, Audit Evidence, and AS 1201, Supervision of

the Audit Engagement. FASB is also retitling and replacing AS 1210, Using the Work of a Specialist, with a

new AS 1210, Using the Work of an Auditor-Engaged Specialist.

Main provisions and significant revisions

FASB is adopting amendments to its standards and auditing interpretations that

Revise – AS 1105, Audit Evidence – AS 1201, Supervision of the Audit Engagement – AS 2101, Audit Planning – AS 2110, Identifying and Assessing Risks of Material Misstatement – AS 2505, Inquiry of a Client's Lawyer Concerning Litigation, Claims, and Assessments

Replace – AS 1210, Using the Work of a Specialist, and retitle the standard to Using the Work of an Auditor-

Engaged Specialist

These amendments strengthen existing requirements in the following ways.

For use of the work of a company’s specialist

Supplementing the requirements in AS 1105 for circumstances when the auditor uses the work of the company’s specialist as audit evidence

Aligning the requirements for using the work of a company’s specialist with the risk assessment standards and the standard and related amendments adopted by FASB on auditing accounting estimates, including fair value measurements

Setting forth factors for determining the necessary evidence to support the auditor’s conclusion regarding a relevant assertion when using the work of a company’s specialist

2 Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, www.pcaobus.org


For use of the work of an auditor’s specialist

Supplementing the requirements for applying the supervisory principles in AS 1201 to auditor-employed specialists and extending those requirements to auditor-engaged specialists

Adding requirements for informing the auditor’s specialist of the work to be performed and for reviewing and evaluating that specialist’s work

Amending the requirements for assessing the knowledge, skill, and ability of an auditor-engaged specialist

Amending the requirements for assessing the objectivity of an auditor-engaged specialist to describe objectivity as the ability to exercise impartial judgment on all issues encompassed by the specialist’s work related to the audit and specify the auditor’s obligations when the specialist or the entity that employs the specialist has a relationship with the company that affects the specialist's objectivity

Effective date

FASB determined that the final amendments take effect, subject to approval by the SEC, for audits of financial statements for fiscal years ending on or after December 15, 2020.

PCAOB staff guidance

Implementation of Critical Audit Matters: The Basics3

Issue date

March 2019

Background

Requirements for auditors to communicate critical audit matters (CAMs) in the auditor’s report will phase in starting in 2019, based on the PCAOB’s new standard, AS 3101, The Auditor’s Report on an Audit of Financial Statements When the Auditor Expresses an Unqualified Opinion. The determination of CAMs is principles-based and depends on the facts and circumstances of each audit. FASB adopted these changes to inform investors and other financial statement users about significant matters in the audit and how they were addressed. This document provides a high-level overview of the CAM requirements based on PCAOB Release No. 2017-001.

Overview of the guidance

The following topics are addressed:

Overview What is a CAM? Communication of CAMs Required Introductory Language Documentation of CAMs

Engagement Quality Reviewer Interactions with the Audit Committee and Management CAM Interaction with Explanatory and Emphasis Paragraphs

3 The Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, www.pcaobus.org


Proposed standards, interpretations, and regulations

AICPA


The ASB did not propose any new or revised standards or interpretations in the period.

Accounting and Review Services Committee

The ARSC did not propose any new or revised standards or interpretations in the period.

PEEC

Issue date

January 11, 2019

Comment deadline

March 11, 2019

Background

The AICPA PEEC issued a revised proposed interpretation, State and Local Government Entities (ET sec.

1.224.020) under the Independence Rule that would identify affiliates of state and local governments

audit clients of which an auditor must be independent.

An initial exposure draft dated July 7, 2017, elicited many comments and requests for clarity. The PEEC

clarified that proposal and refined the terms used in the interpretation. The PEEC also made three

substantive changes and requested comments primarily on these changes, which are summarized as

follows:

1. No longer require application of the conceptual framework for independence in all instances involving “upstream” affiliates of a financial statement attest client (“client”); instead, provide several examples of situations (involving upstream entities and other entities referred to as nonaffiliates) where the member may consult the conceptual framework

2. Require the member to expend “best efforts” to obtain information needed to identify investments held by the client

3. Narrow the requirement that a member presume that the client has more than minimal influence over an entity that is a possible affiliate only when the entity is a fund or blended component unit

If adopted, the interpretation would be effective one year post-adoption, with early implementation

permitted.


FASB

Proposed ASU

Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350), Business Combinations (Topic 805), and Not-for-Profit

Entities (Topic 958) Extending the Private Company Accounting Alternatives on Goodwill and Certain

Identifiable Intangible Assets to Not-for-Profit Entities

Issue date

December 20, 2018

Comment deadline

February 18, 2019

Background

In 2014, FASB issued ASU No. 2014-02, Intangibles–Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Accounting for

Goodwill, and ASU No. 2014-18, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Identifiable Intangible

Assets in a Business Combination (a consensus of the Private Company Council), which simplify the

subsequent accounting for goodwill and the accounting for certain identifiable intangible assets in a

business combination. Those amendments were in response to concerns expressed by private

companies and their stakeholders (including users) about the cost and complexity of the goodwill

impairment test and the accounting for certain identifiable intangible assets, among other concerns.

When FASB issued both updates, it acknowledged that the issues the updates addressed were not

limited to private companies; they also pertained to NFP entities and public business entities. Therefore,

FASB added to its agenda projects addressing the subsequent accounting for goodwill and the

accounting for certain identifiable intangible assets for those other entity types.

FASB received feedback from NFP stakeholders who questioned the relevance of an impairment-only

approach to goodwill as well as input that the benefits of the current accounting for goodwill and

identifiable intangible assets acquired in an acquisition by an NFP entity do not justify the related costs.

By providing accounting alternatives, the amendments in this proposed update would reduce the cost

and complexity associated with the subsequent accounting for goodwill and the measurement of certain

identifiable intangible assets acquired without significantly diminishing decision-useful information for

users of NFP financial statements.

The objective of the proposed amendments is to extend the scope of the accounting alternatives

provided in FASB ASU No. 2014-02 and FASB ASU No. 2014-18 to NFP entities, not to amend the

guidance in the alternatives. FASB recently added another project to its agenda to examine the

subsequent accounting for goodwill and the accounting for identifiable intangible assets, the scope of

which will be determined after receiving feedback through an Invitation to Comment. FASB could decide

that any amendments developed as part of that project also should apply to entities within the scope of

this proposed update. Therefore, it is possible that entities electing these alternatives could be subject to

future changes to the subsequent accounting for goodwill.


The amendments in this proposed update would apply to all NFP entities as defined in the Master

Glossary of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification, including those that are conduit bond obligors.


The amendments in this proposed update would extend the private company alternatives from FASB

ASC 350 (FASB ASU No. 2014-02) and FASB ASC 805 (FASB ASU No. 2014-18) to NFP entities. Under the

amendments in this proposed update to the accounting alternative in FASB ASC 350, an NFP entity

would amortize goodwill on a straight-line basis over 10 years or less than 10 years if the NFP entity

demonstrates that a shorter useful life is more appropriate.

An NFP entity that elects this accounting alternative would be required to make an accounting policy

decision to test goodwill for impairment at either the entity level or the reporting unit level. An NFP entity

would be required to test goodwill for impairment when a triggering event occurs that indicates that the

fair value of the entity (or a reporting unit) may be below its carrying amount.

Under the proposed amendments to the accounting alternative in FASB ASC 805, Business Combinations,

for transactions occurring after adoption of the alternative, an NFP entity would subsume into goodwill

and amortize customer-related intangible assets that are not capable of being sold or licensed

independently from the other assets of a business and all noncompetition agreements acquired.

An NFP entity that elects the accounting alternative in FASB ASC 805 must adopt the alternative in FASB

ASC 350 to amortize goodwill. However, an NFP entity that elects the accounting alternative in FASB ASC

350 is not required to adopt the accounting alternative in FASB ASC 805.

Effective date

The effective date will be determined after FASB considers stakeholders’ feedback on the amendments

in this proposed update.

The transition methods for the guidance on each accounting alternative would be the same for NFP

entities as the previous transition methods for private companies.

Proposed ASU

Targeted Transition Relief for FASB ASC 326, Financial Instruments–Credit Losses

Issue date

February 6, 2019

Comment deadline

March 8, 2019


Background

In June 2016, FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments–Credit Losses (Topic 326):

Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, that introduced the expected credit losses

methodology for the measurement of credit losses on financial assets measured at amortized cost

basis, replacing the previous incurred loss methodology. The amendments in FASB ASU No. 2016-13

added FASB ASC 326 and made several consequential amendments to the ASC. FASB ASU No. 2016-13

also modified the accounting for available-for-sale debt securities, which must be individually assessed

for credit losses when fair value is less than the amortized cost basis, in accordance with FASB ASC 326-

30, Financial Instruments–Credit Losses — Available-for-Sale Debt Securities.

Since the issuance of ASU No. 2016-13, FASB has assisted stakeholders in the implementation of the

amendments formally through the activities of the Credit Losses Transition Resource Group and

informally through other implementation assistance activities. Through this assistance, FASB has

identified certain areas that require clarification and improvement.

FASB received several agenda request letters requesting that it consider amending the transition

guidance for FASB ASU No. 2016-13. The entities that submitted the agenda request letters noted that

certain financial statement preparers have begun (or are planning) to elect the fair value option on newly

originated or purchased financial assets, although those entities have historically measured similar

financial assets at amortized cost basis. Without the proposed targeted transition relief provided by the

amendments in this proposed update, those entities noted that they would be required to maintain dual

measurement methodologies that may result in noncomparable financial statement information for

users.

The amendments in this proposed update would address those stakeholders’ concerns by providing an

option to irrevocably elect the fair value option for certain financial assets previously measured at

amortized cost basis. For some entities, the targeted transition relief would increase comparability of

financial statement information by providing an option to align measurement methodologies for similar

financial assets. Furthermore, the targeted transition relief also may reduce the costs for some entities to

comply with the amendments in FASB ASU No. 2016-13 while still providing financial statement users

with decision-useful information.

The amendments in this proposed update amend the transition guidance of FASB ASC 326 and would

apply to all reporting entities within the scope of that topic.

Main provisions

The amendments in this proposed update would provide entities that have instruments within the scope

of FASB ASC 326-20, Financial Instruments–Credit Losses — Measured at Amortized Cost, except for

held-to-maturity debt securities, with an option to irrevocably elect the fair value option in FASB ASC 825-

10, Financial Instruments — Overall, applied on an instrument-by-instrument basis for eligible instruments,

upon adoption of FASB ASC 326.

An entity that elects the fair value option would subsequently apply the guidance in FASB ASC 820-10,

and 825-10.


Effective date

For entities that have not yet adopted the amendments in FASB ASU No. 2016-13 as of the issuance date

of a final update of these proposed amendments, the effective date and transition methodology would

align with that in FASB ASU No. 2016-13.

For entities that have adopted the amendments in FASB ASU No. 2016-13 as of the issuance date of a

final update of these proposed amendments, FASB will determine the effective date and transition

requirements for the amendments in this proposed update after it considers stakeholders’ feedback.

Proposed ASU

Business Combinations (Topic 805) Revenue from Contracts with Customers — Recognizing an Assumed Liability (a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force)

Issue date

February 14, 2019

Comment deadline

April 30, 2019

Background

In May 2014, FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), (FASB

ASU No. 2014-09 or FASB ASC 606, including subsequent updates), which provides a single comprehensive

accounting model on revenue recognition for contracts with customers. After the issuance of FASB ASC

606, stakeholders raised questions about how to apply FASB ASC 805 to a contract with a customer

acquired in a business combination after the acquirer has adopted FASB ASC 606.

Stakeholders have indicated that there are differing views on whether the new concept of a performance

obligation defined in FASB ASC 606 should be used to determine whether a contract liability is recognized

in a business combination from a revenue contract. Before the adoption date of FASB ASC 606, a liability

for deferred revenue was generally recognized in an acquirer’s financial statements if it represented a

legal obligation. FASB is issuing this proposed update to address the diversity in views about the

circumstances in which an entity should recognize a contract liability from a contract with a customer

within the scope of FASB ASC 606 (hereinafter referred to as a revenue contract) that is acquired in a

business combination. This proposed update addresses how to determine whether a contract liability is

recognized by the acquirer in a business combination from a revenue contract.

In addition, stakeholders have requested that FASB provide additional guidance on measuring contract

liabilities from revenue contracts with customers acquired in a business combination. This proposed

update does not address the measurement of those liabilities or other topics related to the accounting

for revenue contracts acquired in a business combination.


The amendments in this proposed update would apply to all entities that enter into a business

combination within the scope of FASB ASC 805-10 after the adoption of FASB ASC 606.

Main provisions

The amendments in this proposed update would require that an entity (acquirer) recognize a liability

assumed in a business combination from a contract with a customer if that liability represents an

unsatisfied performance obligation under FASB ASC 606 for which the acquiree has received

consideration (or the amount is due) from the customer.

Effective date

The effective date and the ability to early adopt will be determined after the Task Force considers

stakeholder feedback on this proposed update.

The amendments in this proposed update would be applied prospectively to business combinations

occurring on or after the effective date of the proposed amendments.

Proposed ASU

Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718) and Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Codification Improvements – Share-based Consideration Payable to a Customer

Issue date

March 4, 2019

Comment deadline

April 18, 2019

Background

In June 2018, FASB issued ASU No. 2018-07, Compensation – Stock Compensation (718): Improvements

to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting, as part of its simplification initiative. Amendments in

that update expanded the scope of FASB ASC 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation, to include

share-based payments transactions for acquiring goods and services from nonemployee and, in doing

so, superseded guidance in FASB ASC 505-50, Equity — Equity-Based Payments to Non-Employees.

FASB ASU No. 2018-07 included amendments to require that share-based payments awarded to a

customer in conjunction with selling goods or services should be accounted for under FASB ASC 606.

Although FASB ASC 606 provides guidance on presentation, it does not provide guidance on measuring

share-based payments to a customer, and this lack of guidance could lead to diversity of practice.

One of FASB’s ongoing projects aims to improve the ASC and correct any unintended application.

The update would apply to all entities within the scope of FASB ASC 606 that issue share-based

payments to customers.


Main provisions

The amendments in this proposed update would require entities to measure and classify share-based

payments to a customer by applying the guidance in FASB ASC 718. The grant date is the date at which a

grantor (supplier) and a grantee (customer) reach a mutual understanding of the key terms and

conditions of a share-based payment award. The classification and subsequent measurement of the

award would be subject to FASB ASC 718 unless the share-based payment award is subsequently

modified, and the grantee is no longer a customer.

Effective dates

For entities that have not yet adopted the amendments in FASB ASU No. 2018-07, the proposed update

would align the transition and effective date requirements with those in FASB ASU No. 2018-07. As a

result, when entities adopt the amendments in FASB ASU No. 2018-07, they should also adopt the

amendments in this proposed update.

For entities that have adopted the amendments in FASB ASU No. 2018-07, the same transition provisions

as those in FASB ASU No. 2018-07 would be applied retrospectively to all relevant periods beginning with

the original adoption date of the amendments in FASB ASU No. 2018-07 through a cumulative effect

adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings.

Proposed ASU

Income Taxes (Topic 740) Disclosure Framework — Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Income Taxes: Revision of Exposure Draft Issued July 26, 2016

Issue date

March 25, 2019

Comment deadline

May 31, 2019

Background

FASB is issuing the amendments in this proposed update as part of the disclosure framework project.

The disclosure framework project’s objective and primary focus are to improve the effectiveness of

disclosures in the notes to financial statements by facilitating clear communication of information

required by GAAP that is most important to users of each entity’s financial statements.

FASB issued Concepts Statement No. 8, Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting — Chapter 8:

Notes to Financial Statements, on August 28, 2018. Chapter 8 of Concepts Statement 8 identifies a broad

range of possible information for FASB to consider when deciding on the disclosure requirements for a

topic. From that broad set, FASB generally will identify a narrower set of disclosures about that topic to

be required based on, among other considerations, an evaluation of whether the expected benefits of

entities providing the information will justify the expected costs. The amendments in this proposed


update are the result of FASB’s consideration of the concepts in Chapter 8 as they relate to income tax

disclosures.

Additionally, on December 22, 2017, the U.S. federal government enacted a tax bill, P.L.115-97, An Act to

Provide for Reconciliation Pursuant to Titles II and V of the Concurrent Resolution on the Budget for

Fiscal Year 2018 (Tax Cuts and Jobs Act), which made substantial changes to the taxation of U.S.

business entities. In addition to its consideration of Chapter 8 of Concepts Statement 8, FASB considered

the effect of changes in the tax law and how those changes affect the existing income tax disclosures.

The amendments in this proposed update also reflect those considerations.

The amendments in this proposed update would apply to all entities that are subject to income taxes.

Certain of the disclosures that would be required by the amendments in this proposed update would not

be required for entities other than public business entities.

Main provisions

The amendments in this proposed update would replace the term public entity, currently in FASB ASC

740, Income Taxes, with the term public business entity as defined in the Master Glossary of the FASB

Accounting Standards Codification.

The amendments in this proposed update would modify the current disclosure requirements for income

taxes. The following additional proposed disclosures would be required by FASB ASC 740 for all entities:

1. Income (or loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense (or benefit) and before intra-entity eliminations disaggregated between domestic and foreign

2. Income tax expense (or benefit) from continuing operations disaggregated among federal, state, and foreign

3. Income taxes paid disaggregated among federal, state, and foreign

The following proposed disclosures would be required for public business entities by FASB ASC 740:

1. The line items in the statement of financial position in which the unrecognized tax benefits are presented and the related amounts of such unrecognized tax benefits

2. The amount and explanation of the valuation allowance recognized and/or released during the reporting period

3. The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits that offsets the deferred tax assets for carryforwards

Chapter 8 of Concepts Statement 8 indicates that disclosure of future-oriented information should be

limited to that which is used as an input to measurements in the financial statements or in the notes to

financial statements. As a result, the amendments in this proposed update would eliminate the

requirement for all entities to (a) disclose the nature and estimate of the range of the reasonably possible

change in the unrecognized tax benefits balance in the next 12 months or (b) make a statement that an

estimate of the range cannot be made.

The amendments in this proposed update would modify the existing rate reconciliation requirement for

public business entities to be consistent with SEC Regulation S-X 210.4-08(h), Rules of General

Application — General Notes to Financial Statements: Income Tax Expense. That regulation requires

separate disclosure for any reconciling item that amounts to more than 5% of the amount computed by


multiplying the income before tax by the applicable statutory federal income tax rate. The proposed

amendments would further modify the requirement to explain the change in an amount or a percentage

of a reconciling item from year to year.

Effective date

The amendments in this proposed update would be applied prospectively. The effective date and

whether early adoption of the proposed amendments should be permitted will be determined after FASB

considers stakeholder feedback on the proposed amendments.

SEC

Release No. 33-10588; 34-84842; File No. S7-26-18

Request for Comment on Earnings Releases and Quarterly Reports

Issue date

December 18, 2018

Background

The SEC is requesting public comment on how the SEC can enhance (or, at a minimum, maintain) the

investor protection attributes of periodic disclosures while reducing administrative and other burdens on

reporting companies associated with quarterly reporting.

The SEC specifically requested public comment on the nature and timing of the disclosures that

reporting companies are required to provide in their quarterly reports filed on Form 10-Q, including when

the disclosure requirements overlap with disclosures these companies voluntarily provide to the public in

the form of an earnings release furnished on Form 8-K. The SEC is interested in exploring ways to

promote efficiency in periodic reporting by reducing unnecessary duplication in the information that

reporting companies disclose and how such changes could affect capital formation, while enhancing (or,

at a minimum, maintaining) appropriate investor protection.

The SEC also requested public comment on whether the rules should provide reporting companies or

certain classes of reporting companies with flexibility regarding the frequency of their periodic reporting.

In addition, the SEC sought comment on how the existing periodic reporting system, earnings releases,

and earnings guidance, standing alone or in combination with other factors, may affect corporate

decision making and strategic thinking — positively or negatively — including whether these factors foster

an inefficient outlook among registrants and market participants by focusing on short-term results,

sometimes referred to as “short-termism.”


Comment deadline

March 21, 2019

PCAOB

Public Company Accounting Oversight Board

The PCAOB did not propose any new or revised standards or guidance during this period.

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