accessibility research cse 590w spring 2009
DESCRIPTION
Accessibility Research CSE 590W Spring 2009. Richard Ladner University of Washington. Computer Scientists. Christian Vogler. TV Raman. Computer Scientists. Hideji Nagaoka Tsukuba U. of Tech. Chieko Asakawa IBM Japan. Engineer. Iraq War Veteran Jonathan Kuniholm. Geerat Vermeij. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Accessibility ResearchCSE 590W Spring 2009
Richard Ladner University of Washington
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Computer Scientists
TV RamanChristian Vogler
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Computer Scientists
Chieko AsakawaIBM Japan
Hideji NagaokaTsukuba U. of Tech
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Engineer
Iraq War VeteranJonathan Kuniholm
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Geerat Vermeij
Geerat Vermeij, Ph.D.Evolutionary Biologist
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Steven Hawking
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Sangyun Hahn Ph.D. StudentCSE
Zach LattinMath Major
UWStudents
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The Message
• People with disabilities can do almost anything in almost any scientific field.
• People with disabilities are often highly motivated to pursue careers in accessibility research.
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What We’ll Do Today
• Models of Disability
• Data
• History – Disability and HCI
• Accessibility Research at UW
• Discussion
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Models of Disability
• Medical Model– Disabled people are patients who need treatment and/or cure.
• Rehabilitation Model– Disabled people need assistive technology for employment and
everyday life.
• Legal Model– Disabled people are citizens who have rights and responsibilities
like other citizens. Accessibility to public buildings and spaces, voting, television, and telephone are some of those rights.
• Social Model– Disabled people are part of the diversity of life, not necessarily in
need of treatment and cure. They do need access when possible.
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Technology
• Prosthesis– Augmentation to restore lost function. Call it a “cure.”
• Assistive technology– Popular in rehabilitation literature. Emphasis on the
need for assistance.• Access technology
– Allows an activity that would be difficult to impossible to achieve without it. Emphasis not on restoring function, but on achieving an end goal by whatever means possible.
– Examples: Screen readers, video phones, wheel chairs
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What We’ll Do Today
• Models of Disability
• Data
• History – Disability and HCI
• Accessibility Research at UW
• Discussion
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Basic Data
• 16% of US population to ages 15 to 64 is disabled.
• 10% of the workforce is disabled
• 5% of the STEM workforce is disabled
• 1% of PhDs in STEM are disabled
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Demographics General Population
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
With a disability Difficulty seeing Difficulty hearing Difficulty withspeech
Difficultywalking/using
stairs
Learningdisability
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Number
Percent
Number (in thousands) Percent
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Survey of Income and Program Participation, 2002
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Demographics Ages 14-21
0
20
40
60
80
100
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Percent
Specific learningdisabilities
Visual impairments
Hearing impairments
Orthopedic impairments
Multiple
Other
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Office of Special Education Programs, www.ideadata.org
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What We’ll Do Today
• Models of Disability
• Data
• History – Disability and HCI
• Accessibility Research at UW
• Discussion
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CHI “Disability” Search
• Year Number
• 1982 – 85 0
• 1986 – 9010 (4%)
• 1990 – 9515 (5%)
• 1996 – 00 20 (6%)
• 2001 – 05 90 (23%)
• 2006 – 08 71 (17%) (3 years)
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Earliest CHI Papers - 1987
• “A case example of human factors in product definition: needs finding for a voice output workstation for the blind”– Richard M. Kane, Matthew Yuschik
• “A user interface for deaf-blind people”– Richard Ladner, Randy Day, Dennis Gentry, Karin
Meyer, Scott Rose• “Towards universality of access: interfacing
physically disabled students to the Icon educational microcomputer”– Gerbrand Verburg, Debbie Field, Francois St. Pierre,
Stephen Naumann
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Other Conferences
• ASSETS – ACM
• ICCHP– Europe
• CSUN– Cal State Northridge
• ATIA– Industry Conference
• W4A– Collocated with WWW
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What We’ll Do Today
• Models of Disability
• Data
• History – Disability and HCI
• Accessibility Research at UW
• Discussion
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UW Faculty Involvement
• Richard Ladner (CSE)• Dan Weld (CSE)• James Landay (CSE)• Gaetano Borriello (CSE)• Yoky Matsuoka (CSE)• Jake Wobbrock (Information School)• Eve Riskin (EE) • Mari Ostendorf (EE)• Jeff Bilmes (EE)• Julie Kientz (ISchool and TC)• Shwetak Patel (CSE,EE)
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UW Research Students with Disabilities
• Shawn Kane*• Sangyun Hahn*• Zack Lattin*• Lindsay Yazzolino*• Stewart Olsen*• Matt Starn• Jason Schwebke• Annemarie Poginy*• Tim Shockley*• Jessie Shulman *• Andy Martin*• Barbara Wagreich* *Co-authors
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VoiceDraw
Susumu Harada, Jeff Bilmes, James Landay
2007-8 National Scholar Award for Workplace Innovation & Design, 2nd place
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WebAnywhere
Jeff Bigham
- Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Award for Technology Collaboration (2008)- Microsoft Imagine Cup Accessible Technology Award (2008) - W4A Accessibility Challenge Delegate’s Award (2008)
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Supple
Krzysztof Z Gajos, Jacob O. Wobbrock and Daniel S. Weld.
CHI 2008 Best Paper Award
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ANATOMICALLY CORRECT TESTBED ROBOTIC HAND
Yoky Matsuoka
MacArthur Foundation Award 2007
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Other Centers of Excellence
• University of Wisconsin– TRACE Center
• Carnegie Mellon University / University of Pittsburgh– Quality of Life Center
• Georgia Institute of Technology
• University of Colorado
• MIT
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What We’ll Do Today
• Models of Disability
• Data
• History – Disability and HCI
• Accessibility Research at UW
• Discussion
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Concepts in HCI
• User Centered Design– Involve the user at every step
• Universal Design– Design for all users, if possible
• Design for User Empowerment– Design to enable people to solve their own
accessibility problems, if possible
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Lab vs. Field Studies
• Lab+ Log every event, maybe even mental activity+ Control the variables+ Same tasks- Limited time- Applicability may be suspect
• Field+ Log many events, but not all+ Unlimited time+ Applicability assured- Different tasks- User logging might be inaccurate
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Challenges
• Fitts’ Law for blind people– Original Fitts’ law is actual a psycho-visual-
motor law not just a psycho-motor law as claimed.
– Could lead to a better screen reader?
• Purpose of Research– Publication?– Dissemination and Deployment?
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Collaboration
MeaningfulAccess Technology
Con
sum
ers
Researchers
Industry