acceso radial en lamamas ma. influence of arterial access site selection on outcomes in primary...

29

Upload: others

Post on 29-Sep-2020

2 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: ACCESO RADIAL EN LAMamas MA. Influence of Arterial Access Site Selection on Outcomes in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Are the Results of Randomized Trials Achievable
Page 2: ACCESO RADIAL EN LAMamas MA. Influence of Arterial Access Site Selection on Outcomes in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Are the Results of Randomized Trials Achievable

ACCESO RADIAL EN LA ANGIOPLASTIA PRIMARIA:

UN DESAFÍO, UN OBJETIVO

Dr. Jorge Mayol

Centro Cardiológico Americano Montevideo - Uruguay

Page 3: ACCESO RADIAL EN LAMamas MA. Influence of Arterial Access Site Selection on Outcomes in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Are the Results of Randomized Trials Achievable

Sangrado en ATC según clínica

30%

70% 55%

45% 30%

70%

Angina Estable 7,0%

24% 32%

Rao S et al, Transradial approach for PCI. JACC 2010 Vol. 55, No. 20:2187–95

Acceso Fuera del Acceso

Page 4: ACCESO RADIAL EN LAMamas MA. Influence of Arterial Access Site Selection on Outcomes in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Are the Results of Randomized Trials Achievable

Heparina NF

Tienopiridina

AAS

Enoxaparina

Inh GP IIb/IIIa

Bivalirudina

Heparina NF

Tienopiridina

AAS

Enoxaparina

Inh GP IIb/IIIa

Bivalirudina

TBL

Antitrombóticos en los SCA

Escenario clínico

Page 5: ACCESO RADIAL EN LAMamas MA. Influence of Arterial Access Site Selection on Outcomes in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Are the Results of Randomized Trials Achievable

Relación Sangrado -> Muerte

Sangrado Femoral

Discontinuar antiplaquetarios Anemia Transfusión

Reposo prolongado

Estado Protrombótic

o

Mortalidad

Isquemia Inflamació

n Trombosis

(stent)

Eritropoyetina

PAI-1

Page 6: ACCESO RADIAL EN LAMamas MA. Influence of Arterial Access Site Selection on Outcomes in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Are the Results of Randomized Trials Achievable

Angioplastia Transluminal Coronaria Primaria: elección del acceso

Paciente

> riesgo de sangrado

Hemodinamia inestable (real o potencial)

BIACP

MP transitorio

ATCP

Acortar los tiempos

Catéteres 6 French (Tromboaspiración)

Page 7: ACCESO RADIAL EN LAMamas MA. Influence of Arterial Access Site Selection on Outcomes in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Are the Results of Randomized Trials Achievable

Muerte: Radial/Femoral en IAMCST

2,5%

6,7% 6,7%

13,6%

0%

5%

10%

15%

Mortalidad 30 d Mortalidad 2 años

Radial Femoral

2006 a 2010 Registro Reino Unido n = 46.128

Femoral n = 28.091 (60,9%) Radial n = 18.037 (39,1%)

p < 0,0001 p < 0,0001

Mamas MA. Influence of Arterial Access Site Selection on Outcomes in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Are the Results of Randomized Trials Achievable in Clinical Practice? J Am Coll Cardiol Intv 2013;6-7:698-706

Page 8: ACCESO RADIAL EN LAMamas MA. Influence of Arterial Access Site Selection on Outcomes in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Are the Results of Randomized Trials Achievable

Muerte: Radial/Femoral en IAMCST 2006 a 2010 Registro Reino Unido n = 46.128

Femoral n = 28.091 (60,9%) Radial n = 18.037 (39,1%)

Mamas MA. Influence of Arterial Access Site Selection on Outcomes in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Are the Results of Randomized Trials Achievable in Clinical Practice? J Am Coll Cardiol Intv 2013;6-7:698-706

HR 95% IC p

Edad (años) 1.05 1.04-1.06 <0.0001

Disfunción VI severa 6.23 4.67-8.30 <0.0001

Shock 5.10 3.62-7.18 <0.0001

IABP 3.07 2.15-4.40 <0.0001

* Ajustado por: edad, sexo, diabetes, hipertensión, hipercolesterolemia, tabaquismo, shock, AF, BCIA, IAM previo, cirugía previa, trombectomía, FEVI, año del procedimiento, GP IIbIIIa, acceso vascular.

Análisis Multivariado

Acceso Radial 0.71 0.52-0.97 <0.05

Page 9: ACCESO RADIAL EN LAMamas MA. Influence of Arterial Access Site Selection on Outcomes in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Are the Results of Randomized Trials Achievable

Jolly S. et. al. Radial versus femoral access for coronary angiography and intervention in patients with acute coronary syndromes (RIVAL): a randomised, parallel group, multicentre trial. Lancet 2011; 377: 1409–

20

RIVAL: Comparación Randomizada de Acceso Radial vs Femoral para intervención coronaria en SCA (n=7.021; 28% IAMcST)

Radial (%)

Femoral (%)

HR 95% IC p

Endpoint 1ario MACE*

3.7 4.0 0.92

0.72-1.17 NS

Endpoint 2ario Sangrado no Q.

0.7 0.9 0.73 0.43-1.23 NS

Complicación mayor del acceso 1.4 3.7 0.37 0.27-0.52

<0.0001

Sangrado mayor ACUITY 1.9 4.5 0.43 0.32-0.57 <0.000

1 *MACE: muerte, IAM, stroke, sangrado mayor no Q

Page 10: ACCESO RADIAL EN LAMamas MA. Influence of Arterial Access Site Selection on Outcomes in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Are the Results of Randomized Trials Achievable

Muerte: SCAcEST vs. SCAsEST

Mehta S. et al. RIVAL: Effects of Radial Versus Femoral Artery Access in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes With or Without ST-Segment Elevation. JACC Vol. 60, No. 24, 18, 2012:2490–99

Page 11: ACCESO RADIAL EN LAMamas MA. Influence of Arterial Access Site Selection on Outcomes in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Are the Results of Randomized Trials Achievable

Karrowni et al. Radial Versus Femoral Access in Primary PCI. JACC Intervention. Aug. 2013. Vol 6,8:814-23

Sangrado Acceso: Radial vs. Femoral en IAMCST

Todos (95%) 2390 2466 100% 0.35 (0.25-0.50)

Favorece Radial

Favorece Femoral

Metanálisis 12 Estudios Randomizados

2003 – 2012 n = 4.685

Page 12: ACCESO RADIAL EN LAMamas MA. Influence of Arterial Access Site Selection on Outcomes in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Are the Results of Randomized Trials Achievable

Karrowni et al. Radial Versus Femoral Access in Primary PCI. JACC Intervention. Aug. 2013. Vol 6,8:814-23

Muerte global: Radial vs. Femoral en IAMCST Metanálisis

12 Estudios Randomizados 2003 - 2012 n = 4.685

Todos (95%) 2308 2377 100% 0.54 (0.40-0.76)

Favorece Radial

Favorece Femoral

Page 13: ACCESO RADIAL EN LAMamas MA. Influence of Arterial Access Site Selection on Outcomes in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Are the Results of Randomized Trials Achievable

Acceso radial en USA

Feldman T. et al. Adoption of Radial Access in PCI in USA. Circulation. 2013;127:2295-2306

SCAsST Angor Estable IAMST

% R

ad

ial

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

20

16

12

8

4

0

8%

Paradoja del uso del acceso radial_1

18%

Page 14: ACCESO RADIAL EN LAMamas MA. Influence of Arterial Access Site Selection on Outcomes in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Are the Results of Randomized Trials Achievable

Wimmer N et al. Risk‐Treatment Paradox in the Selection of Transradial Access for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

ahaoa 2013;2:- AHAVolume 2(3):- June 21, 2013

Acceso vascular según riesgo de complicación del acceso femoral en IAMcST

69,7

85,4 89

30,3

14,6 11

0

20

40

60

80

100

<1% 1 - 2% >2%

Femoral

Radial

Lineal (Femoral)

Lineal (Radial)

%

Riesgo predicto de complicación del acceso femoral

Paradoja del uso del acceso radial_2

Page 15: ACCESO RADIAL EN LAMamas MA. Influence of Arterial Access Site Selection on Outcomes in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Are the Results of Randomized Trials Achievable

Paradoja: “>Riesgo <Radial” Causas:

1. Equipos no consideran el acceso radial

2. Temor a demorar:

1. Necesidad de cruzar a femoral

2. Lograr el acceso vascular

3. Maniobras durante la ATC

Mas temor cuanto menos experiencia

Page 16: ACCESO RADIAL EN LAMamas MA. Influence of Arterial Access Site Selection on Outcomes in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Are the Results of Randomized Trials Achievable

¿Qué dicen las guías de ATCP?

El acceso radial debiera ser el método preferido,… pero el éxito depende de la experiencia del operador

O’Gara et al. 2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction. JACC E79 January 29, 2013:e78 140. Vol. 61, No. 4, 2013

2014 ESC/EACTS Guidelines on myocardial revascularization. European Heart Journal (2014) 35, 2541–2619

2013

2014

Es preferible el acceso radial, si es realizado por un operador radial experiente

Page 17: ACCESO RADIAL EN LAMamas MA. Influence of Arterial Access Site Selection on Outcomes in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Are the Results of Randomized Trials Achievable

Escalera de uso de radial

CACG en hombres <70años

ICP en lesiones Tipo A/B Nivel 1

CACG en SCANST

ICP todos los ptes. estable

CACG en todos los ptes.

Nivel 2

IAMST Nivel 3

Hamon M. et al. Consensus document on the radial approach in percutaneous cardiovascular interventions:

position paper by the European Association of Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions and Working Groups on Acute Cardiac Care

and Thrombosis of the European Society of Cardiology . EuroIntervention 2013;8:1242-1281

No pacientes

Page 18: ACCESO RADIAL EN LAMamas MA. Influence of Arterial Access Site Selection on Outcomes in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Are the Results of Randomized Trials Achievable

Duración ATC por radial 1er. año

Looi JL et al. Learning Curve in Transradial Coronary Angiography.

Am J Cardiol. 2011;Volume 108, Issue 8: 1092–1095.

* *

*

*

x x x x Radialistas

Femoralistas

1er 2º 3er 4º Trimestres

p<0.001 p<0.001

NS NS

Du

raci

ón

to

tal (

min

)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Page 19: ACCESO RADIAL EN LAMamas MA. Influence of Arterial Access Site Selection on Outcomes in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Are the Results of Randomized Trials Achievable

Ball et al. Characterization of operator learning curve for transradial coronary interventions. Circ Cardiovasc Interv 2011;4:336-41

OR

0 50 100 150 200 250 300

1.00

0.75

0.50

0.25

0.00

Volumen ICP/operador

Cambio de acceso

La mayor caída del OR es luego de los 50. Muy poca caída luego de 100.

Page 20: ACCESO RADIAL EN LAMamas MA. Influence of Arterial Access Site Selection on Outcomes in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Are the Results of Randomized Trials Achievable

¿Cuánta mas demora?

Dominique Joyal et al. Meta-Analysis of 10 Trials on the Effectiveness of the Radial Versus the Femoral Approach in

Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Am J Cardiology 2012;109:813-818

tiempos Radial Femoral Δt Valor p

RIVAL Randomización a fin de ATCP

58´ 53´ 5´ 0.0009

Demora media: 1.76 min (0.59-2.92) (95% IC)

*Experiencia de los operadores en radial (>50 PCI/año); ≥ 50% radial

Page 21: ACCESO RADIAL EN LAMamas MA. Influence of Arterial Access Site Selection on Outcomes in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Are the Results of Randomized Trials Achievable

De Luca G y cols. Time-delay to treatment and mortality in primary angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction: Every minute counts. Circulation 2004. 109:1223

• Relación exponencial entre tiempo “dolor-balón” y mortalidad a 1 año. • Por c/30´ de demora, 8% RR de muerte al año • Por c/1´ de demora, 0,26% RR de muerte al año

Cada minuto cuenta:

Tiempo dolor-balón

Mo

rta

lid

ad

1 a

ño

(%

) p<0.0001

n=1.791 ATC 1aria

0 60 120 180 240 300 360

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Page 22: ACCESO RADIAL EN LAMamas MA. Influence of Arterial Access Site Selection on Outcomes in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Are the Results of Randomized Trials Achievable

Boersma E, Maas AC, Deckers JW, et al: Early thrombolytic treatment in acute myocardial infarction: Reappraisal of the golden hour. Lancet 348:771, 1996

Tiempo desde el inicio de los síntomas (hs)

Vid

as s

alv

adas

por

10

00

pte

s t

rata

dos c

on F

BL

Valoración de la hora dorada

Page 23: ACCESO RADIAL EN LAMamas MA. Influence of Arterial Access Site Selection on Outcomes in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Are the Results of Randomized Trials Achievable

Acceso radial en el shock

Suele evitarse

Pulso radial mas débil (hipotensión)

Menor evidencia: exclusión de pacientes

con shock en ER

Uso de BIACP promueve “femoral-

femoral” en lugar del “femoral-radial”

Page 24: ACCESO RADIAL EN LAMamas MA. Influence of Arterial Access Site Selection on Outcomes in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Are the Results of Randomized Trials Achievable

Riesgo de sangrado en ATC

15 5 0

0 10 15

0 15 15

Modelo de riesgo de sangrado NCDR – Cath PCI Registry 2013

5 0 10

0 15

10 0

0 35 35

Rao SV, et al. An updated bleeding model to predict the risk of post-procedure bleeding among patients undergoing PCI: from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry CathPCI Registry. J Am Coll Cardiol Intv 2013;6:897–904.

0 10 25 30

0 20 40 40

0 20

IAMST No Si

Edad (años) <60 60-70 71-79

IMC 20 20-30 31-39

PCI previa No Si

Enf.Renal No Leve Mod. Dialisis

Shock No Si

PCR <24hs. No Si

Mujer No Si

Hb. <13 13-15 >15

PCI Electiva Urg. Emerg

Shock No Si

IAMST No Si

PCI Electiva Urg. Emerg

100 17.00

Page 25: ACCESO RADIAL EN LAMamas MA. Influence of Arterial Access Site Selection on Outcomes in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Are the Results of Randomized Trials Achievable

Complicaciones en el shock

Femoral (%) Radial (%) p

Muerte 64,3 32,5 0.001

MACE 73,8 43,8 0.001

Comp. del acceso

11,9 2,5 0.03

Transfusión 7,1 0 0.04

Oriol Rodríguez-Leor et al. Transradial percutaneous coronary intervention in cardiogenic shock: A single-center experience. Am Heart J 2013;165:280-5.

Registro 1.400 ptes.; 8,7% shock cardiogénico; 65,5% acceso radial

Análisis Multivariado para riesgo de mortalidad:

Acceso radial: OR: 0.39 [0.15-0.97] [IC:95%]

Page 26: ACCESO RADIAL EN LAMamas MA. Influence of Arterial Access Site Selection on Outcomes in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Are the Results of Randomized Trials Achievable

Acceso ATCP en IAMcST

Radial (%)

Femoral (%) total

No Shock 4.313 (95,7) 196 (4,4) 4.509

P.Vázquez ; J.Mayol; G.Vignolo; y col. Coronary Interventional Cardiology and Transradial Approach in Uruguay. JIC JANUARY 2015 VOLUME 27/ SUPPLEMENT A AimRADIAL 2014 3rd Advanced International Masterclass. Chicago, Illinois. October 23–25, 2014

* p=<0.001

Registro: 2010 – 2013 n=4.786

Shock 227 (82,2) 50 (17,8) 277 (5,7%)

Paradoja del uso del acceso radial_3

Page 27: ACCESO RADIAL EN LAMamas MA. Influence of Arterial Access Site Selection on Outcomes in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Are the Results of Randomized Trials Achievable

ATC: Acceso vascular n: 10.510 24% IAMcST

0

200

400

600

800

1000

12002

00

3

20

04

20

05

20

06

20

07

20

08

20

09

20

10

20

11

20

12

20

13

20

14

20

15

Radial

Femoral

Cubital

Braquial

Centro Cardiológico Americano - Depto. de Hemodinamia. Montevideo - Uruguay

75,3 86,5

94,0

95,8

94,1

96,3

95,8

95,2 94,4

95,7 96,4 93,9

93,5

ATC

Page 28: ACCESO RADIAL EN LAMamas MA. Influence of Arterial Access Site Selection on Outcomes in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Are the Results of Randomized Trials Achievable

Acceso radial en ATC en IAMcST: Conclusiones

• El IAMcST es la situación clínica con mayor

riesgo de sangrado

• Disminuye las complicaciones vasculares, el

sangrado y la muerte

• Es la indicación de mayor beneficio

• Mayor beneficio en pacientes de mayor riesgo

(shock cardiogénico)

• Las guías “condicionan” su uso a la experiencia

Page 29: ACCESO RADIAL EN LAMamas MA. Influence of Arterial Access Site Selection on Outcomes in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Are the Results of Randomized Trials Achievable

Acceso radial en ATC en IAMcST: Mensaje para llevar a casa

Individualizar la decisión: ¿horas de evolución del IAM?

¿riesgo de sangrado?

¿mi experiencia y de mi equipo?

“Mentalidad de primero radial” Femoralistas:

Preparar ambas regiones

Intentar por radial

Rápido cruce si fuera necesario

Acelerar la curva de aprendizaje en el día a día