acadiana flow measurement school - afms · cameron measurement. cms copyright jan2009 ... • meter...

CMS Copyright Jan2009

MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS

RAISING PERFORMANCE. TOGETHERTM

Acadiana Flow Measurement School

DP Cone Meter Paul Reynolds

Cameron Measurement


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


• Theory of Operation

• Construction

• Specifications

• Applications

• Bi-Directional meters and test results


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


Theory of Operation


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


NuFlo Cone Flow Equation

)(

_

.

12

4

)(

4

22

testingfromtcoefficienflowCdensity

pressurealdifferentiPconversiong

ratiobetadiameterpipeD

where

CPDgQ

d

Gravityc

dc

===∆===

∆−

=

ρ

β

ββ

ρπ


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


Generic Cone Meter Beta Ratio

D

d

2

2

Dd1−=β

A1

NuFlo Cone

d

D

A1 = A2

A2A1

orificeorifice2

2

Dd1−=β Dd

=β


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


Generic Beta RatioOrifice Plate

AAmin

=β

Dd

=βdD A2


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


Generic Cone Meter Beta Ratio• Standard Beta (β) range:

0.45 0.85

ToTo


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


Cone Styles (Weld Neck)

Smooth Flow Entry With NoWeld Bead (prevents jetting)

Internal Honed surfaceInternal Honed surface


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


Honing Of A Cone (Weld Neck)Safety Guard Removed for Video

Smooth Flow Entry With NoWeld Bead (prevents jetting)

Weld Finish and Tube Surface Finishing Some Manufacturers Only


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


Typical Honed Meter

Honed Cone Meter Body & Cone + gusset supports at the rear

6 inch Honed Cone Meter Body


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


Cone Construction with Rear Gusset Support

Gussets


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


Vortex Shedding Noise on ∆P Orifice Plate

Recirculation Zone

Differential Pressure

Pressure Loss

Theoretical point of measure

Causes Pulsation on DP

∆ P

Downstream Pressure Field Fluctuations = Transmitter AveragiDownstream Pressure Field Fluctuations = Transmitter Averaging ng

Orifice Plate :Orifice Plate :--


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


Downstream Pressure Field Downstream Pressure Field FluctuationsFluctuations

Orifice Meter :-Typical Large Amplitude L.F. Downstream Vortices

1 ” W.C.

Oscilloscope ViewOscilloscope View

Orifice Meter


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


Low Noise Low Noise ∆∆ P SignalP Signal

Boundary LayersBoundary Layers

FlowFlow

∆∆ PPHigh Frequency Low Amplitude and Low Noise DP Signal @ Appx 1/10”W.C.

1/10” W.C.

β EDGE


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


1/10” W.C.

Oscilloscope ViewOscilloscope View

NuFlo Cone Meter

Downstream Pressure Field Downstream Pressure Field FluctuationsFluctuations

NuFlo Cone Meter :- Typical Low Amplitude H.F. Downstream Vortices


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


CFDCFD

Fluid Linearization and Interaction in the Meter Throat

Fluid Flow Common - Velocity

Fluid Velocity Interaction

Computational Fluid Dynamics


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


Wake Region (Lt) after the Cone Support Shortened by Fluid Linerization and pressure reduction in the Throat of the Meter

Lt

FlowProfile

Wake Wake

Cone Wake Region


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


Side View Showing Upstream Velocity Vectors


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


5-6 Cone Diameters Wake WakeWakeRecovery


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS



MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


NuFlo Cone Meter NuFlo Cone Meter –– Specifications Specifications

• Fluids: Liquids, Gasses, Vapors

• Meter Orientation: Horizontal or Vertical

• Tap Location:

– Liquids:

– Gasses:

– Vertical Applications: “Any Orientation”


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


Coefficient of Discharge

Cone meter must be calibrated to obtain a CD for each cone meter unit.

– Calibrated CD is useful for the customer because it:

• Offers Traceability for the accuracy • And Guarantees Performance

– Each meter will have a unique CD


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


NuFlo Cone Meter NuFlo Cone Meter -- SystemsSystems

•Weld Neck Flanges

•RTJ Flanges

•Slip On

•Tube Design (Flange-less)

•Welded Construction ½“ and up

•Carbon, Stainless, or Duplex Stainless Steel


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


Applications


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


NuFlo Cone Meter Focus Markets

• Oil & Gas Applications

– Anti-Surge– Water injection – Crude Oil Burners– Flare Extinguishing System– Fuel Gas– Gas Lift– Gas re-injection

– Seawater Pump– Separator Gas Outlet– Subsea-Booster – Test separator– Gas Transmission– Leak Check – Wet gas – Steam


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


NuFlo Cone Meter Focus Markets

• Water & Wastewater

– Transmission Lines– Pump Stations– Rate-of-flow Controller– Aeration Basins– Wastewater Effluent– Digester Gas

• Chemical / Refining/ Refining

– Compound Blending Systems

– Process– Product– Tank-Car Loading– Marine Tanker– Steam


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


Focused Applications (Oil & Gas)Focused Applications (Oil & Gas)

• Test / Production Separator (Gas & Water)

• Anti-Surge (Compressor)• Sub-Sea Well Head• Allocation (Gas)• Injection

• Two Phase (Steam)(On-Going Research USA)

• Slug Detection• Fiscal / Custody• Wet Gas• Coal Bed Methane


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


• Oil & Gas: “ Wet Gas.”– Previous meter: orifice plates venturis– Problem: wear, liquid hold up– Cone Meter: – Self-Cleaning– Lockart Martenelli Correlations


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


Steam Management System To Gauging Facility

Control

Observation WellSteam Injection Production System

Steam Generator

OilWaterSteam

Acme Steam Gen

Vapor Recovery


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


3 Separator

Water Turbine MeterWater Turbine Meter

Oil Turbine Meter Oil Turbine Meter

Gas ProcessingGas Processing

Fiscal Oil ProcessingFiscal Oil Processing

DumpDump


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


DP Cone Test Separator ArrangementDP Cone Test Separator Arrangement

PRODUCTIONMANIFOLD

Chemical Injection

DP CHOKE

EXPORTCHROMATOGRAPH

PI TI ~

~~

~~

TESTMANIFOLD

Chemical Injection

CHOKE

GAS EXPORT

~DP

PI TIQ

M

Cone Meter

LIQUID SAMPLE

GAS SAMPLE

M

Oil Export


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


Compressor Anti-Surge Control

Control Valve Open Close < 0.5 sec

Anti Surge ControlAnti Surge Control

DCS DCS

CompressorCompressor

valvevalve

Cone MeterCone Meter

Flow

Q From wells

Change in Flow-rate

Reflected in feedback loop

QB

QC

QA

100%Duty

QA = QBQC = δQ = 100% Duty Cycle

Example: QA = 70% Flow QB = 70%Flow Feed Back Loop QC= 30 % (ie 70 +30 =100%)


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


Compressor Anti-Surge Control

FROM WELLS CONTROL VALVE Recirculation FlowWell Flow Valve change in < 0.5 SecondsLines

A 10%20.00%

B 5%

C 30%

D 10%output flow 80%

E 15% Cone A+B+C+D+E+Fto Injection or Pipeline System

F 10% 100 % Flow Through-put Rotating speed = Near ConstantCOMPRESSOR

Input flow = 80% of max compressor rating A+B+C+D+ E+F

What goes in = What goes out


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


Bi-Directional Allocation Cone Meter Application

∆P

SP

∆P

SP

Gas Flow To & From Pipeline (Via-De-Hydrator)

Gas Flow To & From Storage Wells (Gas May Be Wet)

2 X 6 inch Cone Meters


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


Bi-directional Flow Meter Methodology


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


Application Specifics

•Bi-Directional Natural Gas Flow Measurement in and out of Under ground storage domes.• High pressure requiring ANSI 2500# Flanges • Accuracy of better than 2%• Cost effective• Less effected by trash and liquids


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


Reasons to use the Cone meter• Meter is easily manufactured with ANSI 2500# flange• Cost of Two meters is lower than a single gas UFM• Attributes of meter allow for minimum upstream piping• Accuracy of up to 0.5% of Span better than required


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


6 inch Ultrasonic Meter Secure Custody Area

Pictures shows one the Gas Ultrasonic Master meter as shown in the illustration a few slide back.


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


Bi- Directional Cone Meters


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


Gas Proving• Comparisons with proving with water and gas has shown that the

CD can be as much as 1 to 2% different. • To have the meters accuracy meet the 0.5% accuracy the meter

should be proved in a Gas calibration facility.• CEESI of Iowa was chosen because of it capability of high pressure • CEESI Iowa Lab has a uncertainty in flow rate indicated in their

standards is estimated to be +/- 0.23% of reading to 95% confidence.

• Their lab is traceable to NIST Standards• What follows is results of the provings and real field results


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


Results


MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS


Questions ?

acadiana flow measurement school - afms · cameron measurement. cms copyright jan2009 ... • meter...

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