Academic IntegrityAcademic Integrity

What is Academic Integrity?What is Academic Integrity?

It is doing your own work AND It is doing your own work AND when using the work of others when using the work of others giving appropriate credit/citations.giving appropriate credit/citations.

----

Academic dishonestyAcademic dishonesty or or academic academic misconductmisconduct is cheating on any is cheating on any academic exercise.academic exercise.

Academic IntegrityAcademic Integrity

Access to the Internet and Access to the Internet and other digital material makes other digital material makes

violations of academic violations of academic integrity very easy. integrity very easy.

Academic Integrity: Academic Integrity: Things to Think AboutThings to Think About

Copying and pasting materials Copying and pasting materials found on the Internet into papers is found on the Internet into papers is trivial, it seems like a huge waste of trivial, it seems like a huge waste of time not to do so. time not to do so.

Emailing programming assignments Emailing programming assignments among friends in the same class and among friends in the same class and adjusting the code seems adjusting the code seems reasonable. reasonable.

Academic Integrity: Academic Integrity: Things to Think AboutThings to Think About

Sitting down with a group of friends to work Sitting down with a group of friends to work on a programming assignment, spending on a programming assignment, spending hours on the assignment and then turning in hours on the assignment and then turning in your work just makes sense. Everyone your work just makes sense. Everyone worked on it equally, everyone learned worked on it equally, everyone learned something.something.

If a problem set results in a graph when you If a problem set results in a graph when you worked it out on your own, and that graph is worked it out on your own, and that graph is perfectly created on a Web page, what’s the perfectly created on a Web page, what’s the harm in downloading the graph? It will look harm in downloading the graph? It will look better than anything we can draw anyway. better than anything we can draw anyway.

BUT!BUT! William Taylor, put a different spin on the William Taylor, put a different spin on the

question. Would you want to be operated on by question. Would you want to be operated on by a doctor who cheated his way through medical a doctor who cheated his way through medical school? Or would you feel comfortable on a school? Or would you feel comfortable on a bridge designed by an engineer who cheated her bridge designed by an engineer who cheated her way through engineering school. Would you way through engineering school. Would you trust your tax return to an accountant who trust your tax return to an accountant who copied his exam answers from his neighbor?copied his exam answers from his neighbor? ??????

Examples:Examples: PlagiarismPlagiarism - The adoption or reproduction of - The adoption or reproduction of

ideas or words or statements of another person ideas or words or statements of another person without due acknowledgment.without due acknowledgment.

Self Plagiarism - The submission of the same Self Plagiarism - The submission of the same work for academic credit more than once work for academic credit more than once without permission.without permission.

Fabrication - The falsification of data, Fabrication - The falsification of data, information, or information, or citationscitations in any formal in any formal academic exercise. academic exercise. ??????

Examples:Examples: DeceptionDeception - Providing false information to an - Providing false information to an

instructor concerning a formal academic exercise, instructor concerning a formal academic exercise, e.g. giving a false excuse for missing a deadline e.g. giving a false excuse for missing a deadline or falsely claiming to have submitted work.or falsely claiming to have submitted work.

Cheating - Any attempt to give or obtain Cheating - Any attempt to give or obtain assistance in a formal academic exercise without assistance in a formal academic exercise without due acknowledgment.due acknowledgment.

Sabotage - Acting to prevent others from Sabotage - Acting to prevent others from completing their work. This includes cutting completing their work. This includes cutting pages out of library books or willfully disrupting pages out of library books or willfully disrupting the experiments of others. the experiments of others. ??????

The department of Computer The department of Computer Science and Engineering takes a Science and Engineering takes a dim view of violations of Academic dim view of violations of Academic Integrity. Integrity.

Note:Note: http://www.lib.umich.edu/acadintegrity/instructhttp://www.lib.umich.edu/acadintegrity/instruct

ors/preventing/Bill_Talor.pdfors/preventing/Bill_Talor.pdf http://http://

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academic_dishonestyen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academic_dishonesty

Academic IntegrityAcademic Integrity

Is downloading music to your Is downloading music to your PC a violation of academic PC a violation of academic integrity?integrity? What about copying TV or What about copying TV or

movies?movies?

Academic IntegrityAcademic Integrity

Is there a the difference Is there a the difference between plagiarism and between plagiarism and copyright infringement?copyright infringement?

Academic IntegrityAcademic Integrity

Integrity to me means the following Integrity to me means the following ethical choice:ethical choice:

iTunes, NetFlix or Blockbuster OnLine iTunes, NetFlix or Blockbuster OnLine

vsvs

DownloadingDownloading

Compare:Compare:There are several reasons that cause There are several reasons that cause

students to engage in academic dishonesty. students to engage in academic dishonesty. Some scholars claim that there are students Some scholars claim that there are students who have a pathological urge to cheat. It who have a pathological urge to cheat. It has also been claimed that business has also been claimed that business scandals in the real world convince students scandals in the real world convince students that dishonesty is an acceptable method to that dishonesty is an acceptable method to attain success in contemporary society. attain success in contemporary society. Academic dishonesty is good practice for Academic dishonesty is good practice for the real world. However, with the recent the real world. However, with the recent rise in corporate ethics scandals such as rise in corporate ethics scandals such as ENRON and WorldCom students may be ENRON and WorldCom students may be realizing that ethics matters. realizing that ethics matters.

There are in fact several reasons that induce There are in fact several reasons that induce students to engage in academic dishonesty. students to engage in academic dishonesty. Some scholars claim that there are students Some scholars claim that there are students who have a pathological urge to cheat. It has who have a pathological urge to cheat. It has also been claimed that business scandals in also been claimed that business scandals in the real world make students believe that the real world make students believe that dishonesty is an acceptable method to attain dishonesty is an acceptable method to attain success in contemporary society.success in contemporary society.[12][12] Academic dishonesty, in this case, would be Academic dishonesty, in this case, would be practice for the real world.practice for the real world.

12 Richard A. Fass, "By Honor Bound: Encouraging Academic 12 Richard A. Fass, "By Honor Bound: Encouraging Academic Honesty", Honesty", Educational RecordEducational Record 67, no. 4 (Fall 1986), 67, no. 4 (Fall 1986), 32. 32. ??????

Anyway, recent studies have indicated that Anyway, recent studies have indicated that academic dishonesty does academic dishonesty does notnot seem to seem to hold a clear link to academic success. One hold a clear link to academic success. One study showed that students given an study showed that students given an unexpected opportunity to cheat did not unexpected opportunity to cheat did not improve their grades significantly from the improve their grades significantly from the control group.control group.[15][15] Another study showed Another study showed that students who were allowed to bring that students who were allowed to bring cheat sheetscheat sheets to a test did not improve to a test did not improve their grades.their grades.[16][16] While this fact may While this fact may conflict with the common perception of conflict with the common perception of cheating (one survey found only 13% of cheating (one survey found only 13% of males and 46% ofmales and 46% of females think that cheating females think that cheating does not help grades[16]).does not help grades[16]).

12 Richard A. Fass, "By Honor Bound: Encouraging Academic Honesty", 12 Richard A. Fass, "By Honor Bound: Encouraging Academic Honesty", Educational Educational RecordRecord 67, no. 4 (Fall 1986), 32. 67, no. 4 (Fall 1986), 32.

14 Landon Tomas Jr., "On Wall Street, a Rise in Dismissals over Ethics", 14 Landon Tomas Jr., "On Wall Street, a Rise in Dismissals over Ethics", New York New York Times,Times, 29 March 2005 late ed., A1. 29 March 2005 late ed., A1.

15 Whitley and Keith-Spiegel, 35.15 Whitley and Keith-Spiegel, 35. 16 Ibid.16 Ibid.

Which is plagarism?Which is plagarism? Why would a student who regularly gets Why would a student who regularly gets

As decide to cheat, since they cannot As decide to cheat, since they cannot receive anything better than an A? The receive anything better than an A? The answer is that academic dishonesty acts answer is that academic dishonesty acts as a shortcut. Even if a plagiarized paper as a shortcut. Even if a plagiarized paper receives a relatively low grade, that grade receives a relatively low grade, that grade is high given how much time and effort is high given how much time and effort went into the paper. went into the paper.

------------

Most violations of academic integrity are Most violations of academic integrity are shortcuts. A student who would normally shortcuts. A student who would normally get an A, after putting in significant effort, get an A, after putting in significant effort, may be content to settle for a lower grade may be content to settle for a lower grade given the end of semester time crunch.given the end of semester time crunch.

PlagiarismPlagiarism Plagiarism on research papers Plagiarism on research papers

takes many forms.takes many forms. Downloading a free research paper.  Downloading a free research paper.  Buying a paper from a commercial paper Buying a paper from a commercial paper

mill.  mill.  Copying an article from the Web or an Copying an article from the Web or an

online or electronic database. online or electronic database.  Copying a paper from a local source -- Copying a paper from a local source --

copied from students who have taken copied from students who have taken your course previously.your course previously.

PlagiarismPlagiarism

Cutting and pasting to create a paper Cutting and pasting to create a paper from several sources.  These "assembly-from several sources.  These "assembly-kit" papers are often betrayed by wide kit" papers are often betrayed by wide variations in tone, diction, and citation variations in tone, diction, and citation style.  style. 

Quoting less than all the words copied.  Quoting less than all the words copied.  Faking a citationFaking a citation

Robert Harris, Virtual Salt: Anti-Plagiarism Strategies for Robert Harris, Virtual Salt: Anti-Plagiarism Strategies for Research Papers (Nov. 17, 2004)Research Papers (Nov. 17, 2004)

Research and the WebResearch and the Web

FacebookFacebook Is this a research tool?Is this a research tool? How is it different?How is it different? Did you know…Did you know…

Research and the WebResearch and the Web

Trusting information on the Web –Trusting information on the Web – There are no guidelines for content on the There are no guidelines for content on the

Web.Web. Anyone can “publish” anything they want.Anyone can “publish” anything they want. Not everything on the Web is accurate, not Not everything on the Web is accurate, not

everything is even true. everything is even true. Politics and PropagandaPolitics and Propaganda Wikipedia?Wikipedia?

Trusting information on the Web Trusting information on the Web ––

Ask yourself these questionsAsk yourself these questions:: What’s the sites purpose?What’s the sites purpose? Who wrote the page?Who wrote the page?

Who paid for it?Who paid for it? What domain name ending does it What domain name ending does it

have?have? .edu, .com, .gov.edu, .com, .gov

How up to date is the information?How up to date is the information? Examine the content itself.Examine the content itself.

Point of view, grammar and spelling, linksPoint of view, grammar and spelling, linksA good reference:A good reference:http://people.uis.edu/rschr1/valid.htmhttp://people.uis.edu/rschr1/valid.htm

Additional Material:Additional Material:

http://www.lib.umich.edu/http://www.lib.umich.edu/acadintegrity/acadintegrity/

http://www.indiana.edu/%7Ewts/ http://www.indiana.edu/%7Ewts/ pamphlets.shtmlpamphlets.shtml

This online tutorial is fantastic. This online tutorial is fantastic. http://education.indiana.edu/~frick/ http://education.indiana.edu/~frick/

plagiarism/item1.htmlplagiarism/item1.html