about the authors - springer · · 2012-04-27ian baker received a ph.d. in solid-state imaging...

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About the Authors

Martin Abkowitz Chapter D.39

Webster, NY, [email protected],[email protected]

Martin A. Abkowitz received his Ph.D. in Physics from Syracuse University in 1964.During the period 1964–65, Abkowitz was Andrew Mellon Postdoctoral Fellow inPhysics at the University of Pittsburgh. In 1965, Abkowitz joined the WebsterResearch Center (now the Wilson Center for Research and Technology) of XeroxCorporation where he was a Principal Scientist until retirement in 1999. Abkowitz iscurrently a Visiting Scientist at the University of Rochester. He is a fellow of theAmerican Physical Society. He has 174 publications including 35 US patents.Abkowitz has made over 250 contributed and invited presentations at internationalconferences.

Sadao Adachi Chapter D.31

Gunma UniversityDepartment of Electronic Engineering,Faculty of EngineeringGunma, [email protected]

Sadao Adachi received his Ph.D. from Osaka University and is Professor of ElectricalEngineering at Gunma University. From 1980 to 1988 he was with NTT ElectricalCommunication Laboratories, Japan. He has published and presented over 200technical papers and 20 textbooks on semiconductor physics and technology. Hiscurrent research interests include physical properties of semiconductors and newfunctional materials.

Alfred Adams Chapter D.37

University of SurreyAdvanced Technology InstituteSurrey, [email protected]

Alfred Adams studied at Leicester University, UK, and in 1964embarked on postdoctoral research at the University of Karlsruhe,Germany. His work on III–V semiconductors started in 1967 at theUniversity of Surrey where he is now a Distinguished Professor. Hereceived the Duddell medal from the Institute of Physics in 1995 forproposing the use of strained quantum wells in III–V lasers and waselected Fellow of the Royal Society in 1996.

Guy J. Adriaenssens Chapter A.7

University of LeuvenLaboratorium voor HalfgeleiderfysicaLeuven, [email protected]

Guy Adriaenssens received his Ph.D. from the University ofWashington, Seattle, in 1971. After a postdoctoral stay at the Universityof the Saarland, Germany, he joined the University of Leuven, Belgium,in 1973. His current research interests center on transport properties andthe electronic density of states of amorphous semiconductors andchalcogenide glasses.

Wilfried von Ammon Chapter A.5

Siltronic AGResearch and DevelopmentBurghausen, [email protected]

Dr. von Ammon studied physics at the Technical University of Munich and theUniversity of Regensburg. In 1981, he received his Ph.D. in physics from theUniversity of Regensburg. In 1982, he joined Wacker Siltronic and has been workingin research and development since then. His main focus was on silicon crystal growth(floating zone and Czochralski method), silicon-layer growth by chemical vapordeposition, neutron transmutation doping, thermal treatment of silicon and behavior ofdefects in silicon. In 1994, he managed a research project in collaboration withSematech, USA, to assess 400 mm technology for the decision on the next-generationwafer. During recent years he has primarily been working on the development andimprovement of 300 mm crystal-growth processes and on defect engineering of thesilicon bulk.

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1292 About the Authors

Peter Ashburn Chapter C.22

University of SouthamptonSchool of Electronicsand Computer ScienceSouthampton, [email protected]

Peter Ashburn received a Ph.D. degree in electrical and electronic engineering in 1974from the University of Leeds and then joined the Philips Research Laboratories. In1978 he joined the University of Southampton and is currently a Professor ofMicroelectronics. His research interests include SiGe heterojunction bipolartransistors (HBTs), ultimate CMOS and carbon nanotubes. He has published over 200papers in the scientific literature and has authored two books on bipolar transistors.

Mark Auslender Chapter C.21

Ben-Gurion Universityof the Negev Beer ShevaDepartment of Electricaland Computer EngineeringBeer Sheva, [email protected]

Mark Auslender received a Ph.D in solid-state theory in 1977. He wasa senior researcher at Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch of theAcademy of Sciences of the USSR. In 1991 he joined theMicroelectronics Laboratory at the Department of Electrical andComputer Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel asa grade A researcher. His present interests focus on micro- andnanometer-scale diffraction gratings, optical coherence in regular anddisordered media.

Darren M. Bagnall Chapter C.22

University of SouthamptonSchool of Electronicsand Computer ScienceSouthampton, [email protected]

Dr. Darren Bagnall is a senior lecturer in the School of Electronics andComputer Science at Southampton University. His research hasincluded pioneering work on molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE) andchemical vapor deposition (CVD) for the development of new nano andquantum devices based on ZnO, silicon and silicon germanium. He haspublished over 50 refereed papers.

Ian M. Baker Chapter D.36

SELEX Sensorsand Airborne Systems Infrared Ltd.Southampton, Hampshire, [email protected]

Ian Baker received a Ph.D. in solid-state imaging devices at Southampton Universityin 1973. His career in solid-state imaging has spanned the development of visibleimaging charge-coupled devices (CCDs) within Philips and second- andthird-generation infrared detectors at various companies. He has published over 75papers and has over 30 patents in the field of electro-optics. His current interest is thedevelopment of advanced third-generation infrared detectors, including 3D imaging.

Sergei Baranovskii Chapter A.9

Philipps University MarburgDepartment of PhysicsMarburg, [email protected]

Professor Sergei Baranovskii received his Ph.D. (1981) in theoretical physics from theIoffe Physical-Technical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences in St.Petersburg, where he worked as a senior researcher until 1990. Since 1990 he has beenworking at the Philipps University Marburg, Germany, where he got a Habilitation inTheoretical Physics in 1995. His research interests are devoted to charge transport andoptical properties of organic and inorganic disordered solids.

Mark Baxendale Chapter E.50

Queen Mary, University of LondonDepartment of PhysicsLondon, [email protected]

Mark Baxendale is a Reader in Nanotechnology at Queen Mary,University of London since 2002. The focus of his research is thephysics and applications of carbon nanotubes. These applicationsinclude molecular quantum electronic devices, probes for scanningprobe microscopy and single-molecule detection.

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About the Authors 1293

Mohammed L. Benkhedir Chapter A.7


Mohammed Benkhedir received an M.S. in Physics from the Universityof Annaba, Algeria, and holds a Lectureship at the Centre Universitairede Tebessa, Algeria. He is currently studying the electronic propertiesand density of states in amorphous selenium by means ofphotoconductivity techniques at the University of Leuven, Belgium.

Monica Brinza Chapter A.7


Monica Brinza received an M.S. in Physics from the University of Bucharest, Romaniaand a Ph.D. from the University of Leuven, Belgium. Her current research interestsfocus on the transport properties of materials for photovoltaic applications and theelectronic density of states of amorphous semiconductors and chalcogenide glasses.

Paul D. Brown Chapter B.17

University of NottinghamSchool of Mechanical, Materialsand Manufacturing EngineeringNottingham, [email protected]

Paul D. Brown received a Ph.D. in Applied Physics from the University of Durham in1989. He is presently Reader in Materials Characterisation at the University ofNottingham. His present research interests are concerned with the interrelationshipbetween the structure, property and processing of structural, functional andbiomedical materials, assessed using a broad range of characterisation techniques,with emphasis on novel variants of electron microscopy.

Mike Brozel Chapter C.23

University of GlasgowDepartment of Physics and AstronomyGlasgow, [email protected]

For most of his career, Mike Brozel has worked on the growth andassessment of semiconductors. Present investigations includeinstrumentation for the mapping of bulk GaAs and novel structures forsilicon nuclear particle detectors. An author of over 100 papers, he wasthe co-author with G. E. Stillman of Properties of Gallium Arsenide, 3rded. and recently co-authored a chapter on GaAs in Bulk Crystal Growth.

Lukasz Brzozowski Chapter D.45

University of TorontoSunnybrook and Women’s ResearchInstitute, Imaging Research/ Departmentof Medical BiophysicsToronto, ON, [email protected]

Lukasz Brzozowski has extensive experience in optics, medicalimaging, nanotechnology and product development. He is currentlyleading research on the development of a combined X-ray/magneticresonance imaging (MRI) system, and on the application ofphoto-excitable quantum dots for the treatment of cardiovasculardisease. Dr. Brzozowski was awarded the Governor General’s GoldMedal for the best applied Ph.D. from the University of Toronto in theyear 2003.

Peter Capper Chapters B.12, B.14, B.15

SELEX Sensorsand Airborne Systems Infrared Ltd.Materials Team LeaderSouthampton, Hampshire, [email protected]

Peter Capper has spent some 30 years in the infrared industry growing andcharacterising cadmium mercury telluride (CMT) and other tellurium-based materials.He holds a patent in the bulk growth of CMT, has authored/co-authored over 100papers and given several invited talks at international crystal growth/infrared (IR)conferences. He has edited/co-edited five books in IR materials and devices andcrystal growth.

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Larry Comstock Chapter E.51

San Jose State UniversitySan Jose, CA, [email protected]

R. Lawrence Comstock, Ph.D, has over 28 years of experience in computer storagesystem development. He was an IBM engineering manager for 25 years and was VicePresident, Advanced Recording Technology at Maxtor Corporation. He received hisPh.D. in electrical engineering from Stanford University, and is the author of severalbooks and publications. Larry has been teaching courses to graduate students atinstitutions such as Stanford University since 1993. He received the IEEE FellowAward for Developments in Magnetic Storage and Magnetic Microwave Devices.

Ray DeCorby Chapter D.43

University of AlbertaDepartment of Electricaland Computer EngineeringEdmonton, Alberta, [email protected]

Ray DeCorby received his M.Sc. degree in Electrical Engineering fromthe University of Saskatchewan in 1995, and his Ph.D. degree inElectrical and Computer Engineering from the University of Alberta in1998. Currently, he is an Associate Professor of Electrical andComputer Engineering at the University of Alberta. His researchinterests include integrated optics on silicon platforms, photonic glassesand polymers, and integrated nonlinear optics.

M. Jamal Deen Chapter B.20

McMaster UniversityDepartment of Electrical and ComputerEngineering (CRL 226)Hamilton, [email protected]

M. Jamal Deen is Professor and Senior Canada Research Chair inInformation Technology at McMaster University, Canada. His researchwork is documented in 14 invited book chapters, six awarded patents,and more that 300 peer-reviewed articles. His current research interestsare in microelectronics and optoelectronics. Dr. Deen wasa Fulbright–Laspau Scholar, an American Vacuum Scholar, won theElectrochemical Society (ECS) Callinan Award and the DistinguishedResearcher Award from the Province of Ontario. He is a fellow of theIEEE, fellow of the EIC (Engineering Institute of Canada) and a fellowof the ECS.

Leonard Dissado Chapter A.10

The University of LeicesterDepartment of EngineeringLeicester, [email protected]

Professor Dissado was awarded a D.Sc. in 1990 by The University of London for hiswork on the theory of dielectric response and electrical breakdown phenomena. Hisresearch interests in dielectric response covers a wide range of materials from glassesand high voltage insulators, to bio-tissues. He is also co-author of the book ElectricalDegradation and Breakdown in Polymers.

David Dunmur Chapter D.38

University of SouthamptonSchool of ChemistrySouthampton, [email protected]

David Dunmur received his D.Phil. degree from the University of Oxford in 1965. Hisresearch over more than 30 years has been concerned with the physical properties ofliquid crystals, specifically their dielectric, optical, electro-optical and elasticproperties. He was founding editor of Liquid Crystals Today, and the 1999 recipient ofthe G. W. Gray Medal of the British Liquid Crystal Society. Professor Dunmur is anEmeritus Professor of Chemistry at the University of Sheffield, and currentlya Visiting Professor at the University of Southampton.

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Lester F. Eastman Chapter D.33

Cornell UniversityDepartment of Electricaland Computer EngineeringIthaca, NY, [email protected]

Lester F. Eastman is presently the John L. Given Foundation ChairProfessor of Engineering at Cornell University. He joined the faculty ofElectrical Engineering at Cornell in 1957, and also serves as a memberof the graduate fields of Applied Physics and Materials Science. Since1965 he has been doing research on compound semiconductor materials,high-speed devices and circuits, and has been active in organizingworkshops and conferences on these subjects elsewhere since 1965 andat Cornell from 1967. He has supervised over 100 Ph.D. theses, over 50M.S. theses, and over 50 postdoctoral studies. In his research groupeffort is underway on molecular-beam epitaxy, microwave transistors,high-speed semiconductor lasers, and fundamental phenomena incompound semiconductor quantum electron and optical devices. In1991 he was awarded the GaAs Symposium Award and the HeinrichWelker medal. He was awarded the Alexander von Humboldt SeniorFellowship in 1994, and the Aldert van der Ziel Award in 1995. TheIEEE honored him with their 1999 Graduate Teaching Award and ThirdMillennium Medal 2000. He was recently elected Fellow of theAmerican Physical Society, 2001 and received the University ofMichigan’s William Gould Dow Lectureship award the same year. Thebiennial IEEE Cornell Conference on High-Performance Devices wasrenamed the IEEE Lester Eastman Conference in 2002. The ElectronDevices Society has selected him for the 2002 recipient of the IEEEElectron Devices Society J. J. Ebers. Award. Distinguished EducatorAward, 2003, for IEEE Microwave Theory and Technique Society.

Andy Edgar Chapter D.40

Victoria UniversitySchool of Chemicaland Physical Sciences SCPSWellington, New [email protected]

Dr. Edgar is an Associate Professor in the School of Chemical andPhysical Sciences at Victoria University, Wellington, New Zealand, anda Principal Investigator of the MacDiarmid Institute. His currentresearch interests are storage phosphors for radiation imaging, and glassceramics for optoelectronic applications.

Brian E. Foutz Chapter D.33

Cadence Design SystemsEndicott, NY, [email protected]

Brian E. Foutz is currently a Senior Member of Consulting Staff with Cadence DesignSystems. Dr. Foutz’s current research focuses on ASIC design-for-test strategies. Dr.Foutz is currently a member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.

Mark Fox Chapter D.42

University of SheffieldDepartment of Physics and AstronomySheffield, [email protected]

Dr. Fox obtained his D.Phil. degree in physics from Oxford University in 1987. Afterpost-doctoral work at AT&T Bell Laboratories, he was a Royal Society UniversityResearch Fellow at Oxford until 1998, when he took up his present post as a Reader inPhysics at Sheffield University. His research interests include low-dimensionalsemiconductor structures, quantum optics and ultrafast laser spectroscopy.

Darrel Frear Chapter E.55

RF and Power Packaging TechnologyDevelopment, Freescale SemiconductorTempe, AZ, [email protected]

Darrel Frear has an A.B. in Engineering Science from DartmouthCollege and M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Materials Science from theUniversity of California, Berkeley. He is manager of Radio-frequency(RF) and Power Packaging Technology Development at FreescaleSemiconductor. Previously, Darrel was at Sandia National Labs.Darrel’s background includes materials research and development toenhance processing and reliability of electronic components.

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Milan Friesel Chapter C.24

Chalmers University of TechnologyDepartment of PhysicsGöteborg, [email protected]

Milan Friesel obtained his Ph.D. in Experimental High-Pressure Physicsfrom Chalmers University of Technology in Göteborg in 1987. From1988 to1991 he was guest researcher at the Max Planck Institute forMetal Research in Stuttgart. Since 1994 he is Associate Professor inphysics at the SIMS laboratory, Chalmers University of Technology. Hisresearch interests are superionic conductors, metals and alloys,semiconductors and characterization by the SIMS technique.

Jacek Gieraltowski Chapter A.4

Université de Bretagne Occidentale29285 Brest Cedex, [email protected]

Professor Gieraltowski holds a DSc. from Warsaw University (Poland) on the basis ofresearch done in a French CNRS laboratory in Meudon, Bellevue (Paris, France). Hehas been involved in research on magnetic materials (ferrites, thin films andnanowires) for more than 30 years with numerous journal papers. After several yearsas a senior researcher in the Res. Lab. of Polfa in Warsaw associated with the PolishAcademy of Science in Warsaw, he joined the department of Physics, in Brest(France) as an assistant professor working on the physics of ferrites and magneticmaterials for microwave devices. Presently, he is full professor of Physics in Brest,working on fast switching magnetization problems for high density magneticrecording, giant magnetoimpedance sensors and the application of magnetism tobiological and medical applications.

Yinyan Gong Chapter D.35

Columbia UniversityDepartment of Applied Physicsand Applied MathematicsNew York, NY, [email protected]

Yinyan Gong is graduate student of Columbia University. Her Current researchinterests are optical and electrical properties as well as microstructures ofwide-band-gap materials. She received a Guanhua fellowship from Shanghai JiaoTong University in 1997/1998.

Robert D. Gould† Chapter C.29

Keele UniversityThin Films Laboratory, Department ofPhysics, School of Chemistry and PhysicsKeele, Staffordshire, UK

Dr. Robert Gould has received two doctorates from Brunel University,a Ph.D. degree in 1973, and a D.Sc. degree in 2000 for his contributionto knowledge in the physics and technology of thin films. He spent fouryears lecturing in Physics at the University of Science, Malaysia, beforejoining Keele University in 1980, where he is currently a SeniorLecturer in Physics. He has published extensive review articles onelectrical conduction in both phthalocyanines and cadmium compounds,and also on high-field conduction in nanostructures. He also hasresearch interests in insulating nitride films prepared by sputtering.

Dr. Robert Gould died suddenly on March 16, 2006 and will begreatly missed by the scientific community. Editors.

Shlomo Hava Chapter C.21

Ben-Gurion Universityof the Negev Beer ShevaDepartment of Electricaland Computer EngineeringBeer Sheva, [email protected]

Shlomo Hava received a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering from theUniversity of Delaware in 1982. Since then he has worked at theDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Ben-GurionUniversity of the Negev, Israel. Currently he is a faculty professor andhead of the Microelectronics Laboratory at this department. His presentresearch interests include micro- and nanometer-scaled diffractiongratings in optical elements and light emitters, and the effects of gammaradiation and vacuum on optoelectronic devices.

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Colin Humphreys Chapter .1

University of CambridgeDepartment of Materials Scienceand MetallurgyCambridge, [email protected]

Colin Humphreys is the Goldsmiths’ Professor of Materials Science at CambridgeUniversity. He is the Director of the Cambridge Centre for Gallium Nitride and haspublished over 500 research papers, mainly on electron microscopy and analysis,semiconductors, superconductors and high-temperature alloys. He has receivedvarious national and international medals and awards for his research.

Stuart Irvine Chapters B.14, E.46

University of Wales, BangorDepartment of ChemistryGwynedd, [email protected]

Professor Irvine is a Chartered Physicist and received his B.Sc degree in Physics fromLoughborough University of Technology, Ph.D. in Physical Metallurgy and Science ofMaterials, and D.Sc. in Physics, both from the University of Birmingham. Hisresearch covers various aspects of metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD)of compound semiconductor and oxide materials for applications such as solar cells,detectors and displays. This research has led to the development of new optical in situmonitoring devices that are now manufactured and sold worldwide. Previousappointments include Rockwell Science Centre and the Royal Signals and RadarEstablishment, Malvern where he carried out pioneering research in MOCVD of II–VIsemiconductors.

Radu Ispasoiu Chapter D.42

Credence Systems CorporationDiagnostics and Characterization Group(DCG)Sunnyvale, CA, [email protected]

Dr. Radu Ispasoiu received the Ph.D. degree in Physics in 1996 witha dissertation on carrier transport in III–V semiconductor quantum wellstructures. He is currently a Senior Research Scientist at CredenceSystems Corporation, Sunnyvale, California, where his work is focusedon the design, fabrication and characterization of avalanche photodiodesfor single photon detection in the infrared (IR).

Minoru Isshiki Chapters B.16, D.34

Tohoku UniversityInstitute of Multidisciplinary Research forAdvanced MaterialsSendai, [email protected]

Minoru Isshiki is a Professor at the Tohoku University in the Institute ofMultidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials. He earned his Ph.D. in materials science at Tohoku University in 1976. Dr. Isshiki isworking on the purification of metals, single-crystal growth of bulk andthin-film compound semiconductors and impurity effects on theirproperties.

Robert Johanson Chapter A.2

University of SaskatchewanDepartment of Electrical EngineeringSaskatoon, SK, [email protected]

Robert Johanson is currently an Associate Professor in the Department of ElectricalEngineering at the University of Saskatchewan, Canada. He obtained his A.B.(honors) (1981), M.Sc. (1983) and Ph.D. (1991) from the University of Chicago, andsubsequently worked as a postdoctoral research fellow and a research associate at theUniversity of Saskatchewan. His research interests include electrical and opticalproperties of amorphous semiconductors, and glasses. Dr. Johanson has publishednumerous journal and conference papers in this field, and is a member of theAmerican Physical Society and the IEEE.

Tim Joyce Chapter B.14

University of LiverpoolFunctional Materials Research Centre,Department of EngineeringLiverpool, [email protected]

Tim Joyce has worked on semiconductor epitaxy since obtaining his B.Sc. in 1981 andwas awarded a Ph.D. in Materials Science in 1991 at the University of Liverpool forresearch in metalorganic molecular-beam epitaxy (MOMBE). Current researchinterests include MBE of group III–N and group III–V–N semiconductors. He iscurrently chairman of the British Association of Crystal Growth.

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M. Zahangir Kabir Chapter E.48

Concordia UniversityDepartment of Electricaland Computer EngineeringMontreal, Quebec, [email protected]

Zahangir Kabir received the B.Sc. and M.Sc. degrees in Electrical andElectronic Engineering from Bangladesh University of Engineering andTechnology (BUET), Bangladesh, in 1994 and 1996, respectively. From1996 to 2000 he was an Assistant Professor with the Electrical andElectronic Engineering department at BUET. He recieved his PhD fromthe University of Saskatchewan in 2005, and is currently AssistantProfessor at Concordia Unversity in Montreal. His research interests arein the areas of imaging sensors, disordered semiconductors, andelectronic materials and devices.

Safa Kasap Chapters A.2, A.3, B.19, E.48


Safa Kasap is currently a Professor and Canada Research Chair inElectronic Materials and Devices in the Electrical EngineeringDepartment at the University of Saskatchewan, Canada. He obtained hisB.Sc. (1976), M.Sc. (1978) and Ph.D. (1983) degrees from the ImperialCollege of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of London,specializing in amorphous semiconductors and chalcogenide glasses. In1996 he was awarded the D.Sc. (Engineering) from London Universityfor his research contributions to materials science in electricalengineering. He is a fellow of the Institution of Electrical Engineers, theInstitute of Physics and the Institute of Materials. His research interestsare in amorphous semiconductors, glasses for photonics,photoconductors, electrical, optical and thermal properties of materials,and related topics, with more than one hundred refereed journal papersin these areas. He is the author of Optoelectronics and Photonics:Principles and Practices and Principles of Electronic Materials andDevices, both textbooks are widely used by many major universities andprofessionals.

Alexander Kolobov Chapter E.49

National Institute of Advanced IndustrialScience and TechnologyCenter for AppliedNear-Field Optics ResearchIbaraki, [email protected]

Dr. A. V. Kolobov obtained his Ph.D. from the A. F. Ioffe Physico-Technical Instituteat St. Petersburg, Russia. Since 1994 he has been a senior researcher at the NationalInstitute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) in Japan. His currentinterests include, but are not limited to, amorphous semiconductors, photoinducedphenomena in solids, optical data storage and use of synchrotron radiation in materialsscience.

Cyril Koughia Chapters A.2, A.3


Cyril Koughia received his Ph.D. from the A. F. Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute, St.Petersburg, Russia and is a Research Associate at the University of Saskatchewan,Canada. His current research interests include the physical properties of amorphoussemiconductors and glasses used in photonics and electronics.

Igor L. Kuskovsky Chapter D.35

Queens College,City University of New York (CUNY)Department of PhysicsFlushing, NY, [email protected]

Igor L. Kuskovsky is an Assistant Professor of Physics at QueensCollege, CUNY. Research interests include optical and magneto-opticalproperties of quantum dots and nanowires, applications of lowdimensional systems for bio-imaging, and microstructural, electricaland electro-optical properties of wide-band-gap semiconductors.Previously, he has done extensive work on optical properties of II–VIwide-band-gap semiconductors.

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Geoffrey Luckhurst Chapter D.38

University of SouthamptonSchool of ChemistrySouthampton, [email protected]

Geoffrey Luckhurst was awarded his Ph.D. degree in 1965 from theUniversity of Cambridge having studied for his B.Sc. at the Universityof Hull. His research into liquid crystals started in Cambridge andcontinues at Southampton where he is the Emeritus Professor ofChemical Physics. His work is concerned with many aspects of thisinterdisciplinary field including the design of novel materials, theirmolecular orientational order, the molecular dynamics, theirmacroscopic order and dynamics using both experimental andtheoretical techniques. He is co-founder of the international journal,Liquid Crystals, was the recipient of the G. W. Gray Medal of theBritish Liquid Crystal Society in 2002 and was elected President of theInternational Liquid Crystal Society of which he is an HonouredMember.

Akihisa Matsuda Chapter C.26

Tokyo University of ScienceResearch Institute for Scienceand TechnologyChiba, [email protected], [email protected]

Dr. Akihisa. Matsuda has an M.S. degree from Waseda University, a Ph.D. from theTokyo Institute of Technology, and is Chief Senior Researcher at ETL MITI Japan. Heis also the Director of the Research Initiative for Thin-Film Silicon Solar-Cells AISTJapan.

Naomi Matsuura Chapter D.41

Sunnybrook Health Sciences CentreDepartment of Medical Biophysics,Imaging ResearchToronto, ON, [email protected]

Naomi Matsuura received her Ph.D. from the University of Toronto in 2003 for thedevelopment of 2D and 3D periodic, three-dimensional nanoscale architectures usingnon-lithographic parallel patterning technologies. Dr. Matsuura is currentlya Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Strategic Training Fellow in theEIRR21st Program at Toronto’s Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, and isinvestigating the development of novel nanostructures for cancer imaging and therapy.

Kazuo Morigaki Chapter C.25

University of TokyoTokyo, [email protected]

Kazuo Morigaki received his Ph.D. in physics from Osaka University in1959. Since then, he has joined Osaka University, Sony CorporationResearch Laboratory, Centre d’Etudes Nucléares de Saclay, Universityof Tokyo (Institute for Solid State Physics), Yamaguchi University, andHiroshima Institute of Technology. He is now Professor emeritus at theUniversity of Tokyo. His current area of interest are light-inducedphenomena and the electronic states of defects in amorphous andmicrocrystalline silicon.

Hadis Morkoç Chapter D.32

Virginia Commonwealth UniversityDepartment of Electricaland Computer EngineeringRichmond, VA, [email protected]

Professor Hadis Morkoc received his Ph.D. from Cornell University,and is currently the Founders Professor of Electrical Engineering andPhysics at the Commonwealth Virginia University in Richmond,Virginia, where his research interest cover GaN and related III–nitridesemiconductors, ZnO and perovskite oxides, and quantum wells andquantum-dot structures. Professor Morkoç has authored and coauthoreda number of books on optoelectronic materials and devices, such asNitride Semiconductors and Devices, Advanced Semiconductor andOrganic Nano-Techniques, Principles and Technology of MODFETS.He has published some 1300 technical articles in electronic andoptoelectronic materials and devices from fundamental materials issuesto device applications. Professor Morkoç is a Fellow of IEEE, Fellow ofAmerican Association for the Advancement of Science and a LifeFellow of the American Physics Society.

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Winfried Mönch Chapter A.8

Universität Duisburg-EssenDuisburg, [email protected]

Winfried Mönch received a Dr. rer. nat. degree from the Universität Göttingen in 1961.He spent three years at the AEG-Forschungsinstitut before joining the RWTH Aachen.There he qualified as university lecturer in 1968 and became Associate Professor twoyears later. In 1974 he was appointed Professor at the Universität Duisburg and retiredin 1999. He was Walter Schottky Visiting Professor at Stanford University in 1981 andreceived the E. W. Müller Award 1984 of the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee. Hehas authored two monographs on semiconductor surfaces and interfaces.

Arokia Nathan Chapter E.47

University of WaterlooDepartment of Electricaland Computer EngineeringWaterloo, Ontario, [email protected]

Arokia Nathan is a Professor in Electrical and Computer Engineering at the Universityof Waterloo, Canada. He held the DALSA/Natural Sciences and Engineering ResearchCouncil of Canada (NSERC) industrial research chair in sensor technology, and wasa recipient of the 2001 NSERC E. W. R. Steacie Fellowship. He currently holds theCanada Research Chair in Nanoscale Elastic Circuits. His research interests lie inmaterials devices, and circuits pertinent to large-area electronics.

Gertrude F. Neumark Chapter D.35

Columbia UniversityDepartment of Applied Physics andApplied MathematicsNew York, NY, [email protected]

Gertrude F. Neumark is Howe Professor of Materials Science. Currentresearch interests are electrical and optical properties of wide bandgapsemiconductors, mainly ZnSe and III–nitrides. She is Fellow of theAmerican Physical Society and has a listing by the American PhysicalSociety on the archival web site for Notable Women in Physics. She wasawarded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) as VisitingProfessor at Columbia University (1982/83), and is Panelist for theNational Research Council (NRC) and NSF.

Stephen K. O’Leary Chapters A.3, D.33

University of ReginaFaculty of EngineeringRegina, SK, [email protected]

Stephen K. O’Leary is currently an Associate Professor in the Faculty ofEngineering at the University of Regina. Professor O’Leary’s researchfocuses on novel electronic materials and the electron devices that usesuch materials. He is currently a member of the Institute of Electricaland Electronics Engineers and the Materials Research Society.

Chisato Ogihara Chapter C.25

Yamaguchi UniversityDepartment of Applied ScienceUbe, [email protected]

Dr. C. Ogihara received his Ph.D. degree in physics from University of Tokyo in 1988.He joined the University of Strathclyde in 1989, Gifu University in 1991 andYamaguchi University in 1993. His current research focuses on photoluminescenceand light-induced creation of defects in hydrogenated amorphous silicon.

Fabien Pascal Chapter B.20

Université Montpellier 2/CEM2-cc084Centre d’Electroniqueet de Microoptoélectronique deMontpellierMontpellier, [email protected]

Fabien Pascal is involved in a research group working in electronic devices (MOS,MODFET, MESFET, TBH Si–Ge, TBH III–V) by means of their proper backgroundI–V /C–V characteristics and noise spectral analysis. He is also working on thetechnological qualification of contacts, semiconductor materials and carbon nanotubesbased devices by the use of noise spectroscopy. He is author and co-author of morethan 70 publications in international journals and conferences.

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Michael Petty Chapter E.53

University of DurhamDepartment School of EngineeringDurham, [email protected]

Michael Petty obtained his Ph.D. from Imperial College, London forwork on semiconducting II–VI thin films. His current research activitiesencompass nanoscale architectures of organic materials, e.g. build up bytechniques such as Langmuir–Blodgett deposition, self-assembly, andthermal evaporation. He has a special interest in the application of suchthin layers to electronic and optoelectronic devices. He is currentlyCo-Director of the Durham Centre for Molecular and NanoscaleElectronics.

Asim Kumar Ray Chapter E.54

Queen Mary, University of LondonDepartment of MaterialsLondon, [email protected]

Asim K. Ray B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D., D.Sc, FRSA holds the Chair inFunctional Materials at Queen Mary, University of London. Hisresearch interests lie in thin-film technologies for fabrication ofnanostructures and chemical and biosensors. He is a fellow of theInstitution of Electrical Engineers, UK and the Institute of Physics(UK). He is a college member of the Engineering and Physical ScienceResearch Council, UK and an honorary editor of the Proc. IEE –Circuits, Devices, and Systems.

John Rowlands Chapter E.48

University of TorontoDepartment of Medical BiophysicsSunnybrook and Women’s CollegeHealth Sciences CentreToronto, [email protected]

John Rowlands is a Professor of Medical Biophysics at the University of Toronto. Hisresearch laboratories devoted to the study of X-ray imaging and positron emissiontomography are located in the Research Institute of Sunnybrook and Women’s HealthSciences Centre. His research interests are the fundamental limitations of imagequality in radiation imaging.

Oleg Rubel Chapter A.9

Philipps University MarburgDepartment of Physicsand Material Sciences CenterMarburg, [email protected]

Dr. Oleg Rubel received his Ph.D. in material sciences from the Zaporozhye NationalTechnical University in Ukraine in 2001. Since 2003 he has been working asa member of the Central Technological Laboratory and of the Semiconductor TheoryGroup at the Philipps University Marburg. His current research activities includetheoretical aspects of transport and optical properties of crystalline, amorphous andorganic semiconductors where carrier localization plays a dominant role, as well asatomic-scale characterization techniques for semiconductor heterostructures.

Harry Ruda Chapters A.2, A.3, D.41

University of TorontoMaterials Science and Engineering,Electrical and Computer EngineeringToronto, [email protected]

Professor Harry Ruda received his Ph.D. from MIT in 1982 in MaterialsPhysics, and worked as an IBM postdoctoral fellow from 1982 to 1984,developing one of first theories for electron transport in selectivelydoped heterostructures. From 1984 to 1989 he was a senior scientist at3M Corporation, developed some of first models for electronic transportand optical properties of wide-band-gap II–VI semiconductors.Currently he is a full professor and chair in nanotechnology at theUniversity of Toronto, and Director of the Centre for Nanotechnology.He has published over 170 papers in international refereed journals andholds 14 patents. His current research focuses on the fabrication andmodeling of quantum functional nanostructures with applications in thefields of nanoelectronics and nanophotonics.

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Edward Sargent Chapter D.45

University of TorontoDepartment of Electricaland Computer EngineeringToronto, [email protected]

Ted Sargent is 2004-5 Visiting Professor, Nanotechnology andPhotonics, in the Microphotonics Center at MIT. In 2003 he was namedone of the world’s top young innovators by MIT’s Technology Review.In 2002 he was honoured by the Canadian Institute for AdvancedResearch as one of Canada’s top 20 researchers under the age of 40. Inhis research he innovates devices for networking, energy, and medicineby applying colloidal quantum dots, photonic crystals, and otheradvanced nanomaterials.

Peyman Servati Chapter E.47

Ignis Innovation Inc.Waterloo, Ontario, [email protected]

Peyman Servati received the B.Sc. degree from the University of Tehran in 1998, andhis M.A.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees from the University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, in2000 and 2004, respectively. His present research interest lies in disordered organicand silicon thin-film transistors (TFTs) and nanostructured materials. He wasa recipient of the 2005 NSERC Doctoral Prize, NSERC Postgraduate Scholarship, andthe Bronze Medal in the XXV I.Ph.O. competitions held in Beijing, China, 1994.

Derek Shaw Chapter A.6

Hull UniversityHull, [email protected]

Dr. Derek Shaw received his B.Sc. in physics from the University of Manchester in1950 and his Ph.D. in meteorology form Imperial College London in 1955. Afterspending several years in industry working on thermionic emitters andphotoconductors he joined the Physics Department of Hull University in 1963. Therehe initiated research in semiconductor diffusion with specific interest in Si, Ge, AlSb,GaAs, GaSb, CdTe, CdS, HgCdTe and PbSnTe. In retirement his interest in HgCdTecontinues in collaboration with SELEX Sensors & Airborne Systems.

Fumio Shimura Chapter B.13

Shizuoka Institute of Science andTechnologyDepartment of Materials and LifeScienceFukuroi, [email protected]

Dr. Shimura has been engaged in both fundamental and practicalscience and engineering related to semiconductor crystal technologyand semiconductor device processing, and is the author ofSemiconductor Silicon Crystal Technology. Fumio Shimura received hisPh.D. degree in Applied Physics from Nagoya University, Japan in1982. He is currently a professor at the Sizuoka Institute of Science andTechnology and Adjunct Professor, North Carolina State University.

Michael Shur Chapter D.33

Renssellaer Polytechnic InstituteDepartment of Electrical, Computer,and Systems EngineeringTroy, NY, [email protected]

Dr. Shur is Patricia and Sheldon Roberts Professor, Professor ofPhysics, and Director of Broadband Center at RPI. He is fellow of theIEEE, APS, ECS, World Innovation Foundation, and a winner of vander Ziel Award and of several best conference paper awards. He holdsover 30 patents on solid-state devices and was listed by the ISA asa highly quoted researcher.

Jai Singh Chapter A.3

Charles Darwin UniversitySchool of Engineering and Logistics,Faculty of Technology, B-41Darwin, NT, [email protected]

Jai Singh is Professor of Physics at the Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australiaand Fellow of the Australian Institute of Physics. He has held several visitingfellowships, including the Max Planck Institute (Germany), Visiting Professor (USA),JSPS Fellow (Japan), and Guest Professor (Denmark). His research interests are incondensed-matter theory, covering areas of excitonic processes in crystalline andamorphous semiconductors, nanostructures, and designing of solar cells. He haswritten two books, edited one book and four conference proceedings, and published140 research papers.

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Tim Smeeton Chapter .1

Sharp Laboratories of EuropeOxford, [email protected]

Tim Smeeton received his Ph.D. from the University of Cambridge in 2005 followingresearch into the nanostructures of InGaN quantum wells using transmission electronmicroscopy and X-ray scattering techniques. He is now with Sharp Laboratories ofEurope, where he is researching group III–nitride quantum-dot structures and devices.

Boris Straumal Chapter C.24

Russian Academy of SciencesInstitute of Sold State PhysicsChernogolovka, [email protected]

Professor Straumal is Head of the Laboratory for Interfaces in Metals atthe Institute for Solid-State Physics of the Russian Academy ofSciences at Chernogolovka, Russia, and a Full Professor at the MoscowState Institute of Steel and Alloys (Technological University) in theFaculty of Physical Chemistry. His research interests focus on grainboundaries, phase transformations, diffusion, thermodynamics, coatingtechnologies, properties of coatings, crystal growth, and nanomaterials.

Stephen Sweeney Chapter D.37

University of SurreyAdvanced Technology InstituteGuildford, Surrey, [email protected]

Stephen John Sweeney is a Senior Lecturer (Associate Professor) inSemiconductor Laser Physics at the Advanced Technology Institute,University of Surrey, UK. He holds a B.Sc. (hons.) in Physics and a Ph.D. in Semiconductor Laser Physics. His research interests are inlow-dimensional semiconductors for use in lasers and other photonicdevices with applications including communications, bio-sensing andsolid-state lighting.

David Sykes Chapter B.18

Loughborough Surface Analysis Ltd.Loughborough, [email protected]

David Sykes graduated from the University of Warwick in 1970 with a B.Sc. inPhysics and obtained his Ph.D. from the University of Aston in 1975. Followingpostdoctoral positions at the Universities of Birmingham and York he moved toLoughborough University in 1978 where he remained until setting up LSA Ltd. in1997. He is Director of Loughborough Surface Analysis Ltd. in Loughborough, UKwhich provides responsive, confidential, professional contract surface analysis serviceto industry and universities. Presently he is Chairman of the UK Surface AnalysisForum (UKSAF), Vice Chairman of the British Vacuum Council (BVC), Chairman ofthe ISO Technical Committee 201 Subcommittee on Data Management and Treatmentin Surface Chemical Analysis (ISO TC201SC3), and Recording Secretary of theInternational Union for Vacuum Science, Technique and Application (IUVSTA).

Keiji Tanaka Chapter D.44

Hokkaido UniversityDepartment of Applied Physics,Graduate School of EngineeringSapporo, [email protected]

After graduating from a master course at Hokkaido University in 1972, Professor KeijiTanaka worked on photoreceptors at Canon Co. Ltd. for two years. Then, coming backto the university, and he was promoted to a professor in 1991. He is also head of theresearch group on Photoelectronics in Disordered Materials of the Japan Society ofApplied Physics. He is interested in the optoelectronic properties of amorphousmaterials, specifically chalcogenide glasses, and applications. He received the firstOvshinsky Award in 2001.

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Charbel Tannous Chapter A.4

Université de Bretagne OccidentaleLMB, CNRS FRE 2697Brest Cedex, [email protected]

Charbel Tannous holds a D.Sc. from Joseph Fourier University(Grenoble, France) and a Ph.D. from the University of Sherbrooke(Quebec, Canada). After being a Postdoctoral Fellow at CornellUniversity (Ithaca, USA), he joined the Department of EngineeringPhysics, Montreal, where he worked on 1/ f noise in fractal circuits andmicroelectronic device simulation. Later he joined the AGT researchand development department in Calgary as a Senior Researcher workingon wireless communications and nonlinear signal processing.After being at TRLabs and simultaneously Associate Professor ofElectrical Engineering at the University of Saskatchewan, he joined theUniversité de Bretagne Occidentale in Brest, France, as a Full Professorof Physics. Presently he is working on fast switching magnetizationproblems for high-density magnetic recording and giantmagnetoimpedance sensors.

Ali Teke Chapter D.32

Balikesir UniversityDepartment of Physics, Faculty of Art andScienceBalikesir, [email protected]

Ali Teke is currently an Associate Professor in the Physics Departmentat the Balıkesir University, Turkey. He received his B.Sc. (1992) and Ph.D. (1997) degrees in the Physics Departments of the Middle EastTechnical University, Turkey and Essex University, UK, respectively.His current research activities include the investigation of the electronicand optical properties of wide-band-gap semiconductors such as GaNand ZnO and exploring new devices for electronic and optoelectronicapplications. He has published more than 30 journal and conferencepapers and chapters in books.

Junji Tominaga Chapter E.49

National Institute of Advanced IndustrialScience and Technology, AISTCenter for Applied Near-Field OpticsResearch, CAN-FORTsukuba, [email protected]

Junji Tominaga received his Ph.D. in Materials Science from Cranfield Institute ofTechnology, UK, in 1991. After completing his Ph.D., he was a senior member ofresearch staff at TDK Corporation and developed optical phase-change materials forrewritable CD and DVD. He joined AIST in 1997. Now, he is Director of the Centerfor Applied Near-Field Optics Research, CAN-FOR, Japan. His current researchinterests are high-density optical data storage and nanophotonics in nanotechnology.

Dan Tonchev Chapter B.19


Dan Tonchev is currently a Research Associate in Electronic and Photonic Materialsin the Electrical Engineering Department at the University of Saskatchewan, Canada.He is also a Professor in Chemical Technology at the Plovdiv University in Bulgaria.He obtained his M.Sc. (1981) from the Moscow State University, and Ph.D. (1990) inmaterials engineering from the University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy,Sofia, Bulgaria. His research interests are in the preparation and characterization ofglasses and polymers. He has published more than 40 journal and conference papersand chapters in books, and has 14 patents (US and European). He is a member of theAmerican Chemical Society.

Harry L. Tuller Chapter A.11

Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyDepartment of Materials Scienceand Engineering, Crystal Physicsand Electroceramics LaboratoryCambridge, MA, [email protected]

Harry Tuller received his Eng.Sc.D. from Columbia University in 1973and joined the MIT faculty in 1975. Current research focuses onfunctional materials/MEMS integration and solid-state ionic-deviceoptimization. He is Fellow of the American Ceramic Society, a vonHumboldt awardee and recipient of docteur honoris causa of theUniversité de Provence, Marseille, France. He co-founded BostonMicroSystems and is a pioneer in micromachined SiC-based sensorarrays.

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Qamar-ul Wahab Chapter C.24

Linköping UniversityDepartment of Physics, Chemistry,and Biology (IFM)Linköping, [email protected]

Qamar-ul Wahab has a Master and M.Phil. degree in Physics fromQuaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. He earned his PhD in1994 from Linköping University, Sweden in the area of silicon carbidematerials and devices. Currently he is working as an AssociateProfessor at IFM, Linköping University and Senior Researcher atSwedish Defence Research (FOI). He worked with ABB Corp. Res.from 1995–1998 in the SiC power-device program designing andfabricating 3 kV Schottky barrier diode in 4H-SiC. Current researchinterests are in modelling and simulations of microwave powertransistors and amplifiers.

Robert M. Wallace Chapter C.28

University of Texas at DallasDepartment of Electrical EngineeringRichardson, TX, [email protected]

Robert M. Wallace earned his Ph.D. in Physics from the University of Pittsburgh in1988. In 1990, Wallace joined Texas Instruments and was appointed (1997) to managematerials research on advanced device concepts and the associated integration issues.In 2003, he joined the University of Texas at Dallas as a Professor of ElectricalEngineering and Physics. He has over 85 publications and 65 US and internationalpatents.

Jifeng Wang Chapters B.16, D.34

Tohoku UniversityInstitute of Multidisciplinary Researchfor Advanced MaterialsSendai, [email protected]

Jifeng Wang received his Ph.D. degree from the Chinese Academy of Sciences in1992. After a postdoctoral fellowship at Nagaoka University of Technology he becamean Assistant Professor at the same University. From 1995 until now he has beenworking at Tohoku University. His current research focuses on the growth of II–VIcompound semiconductors and environmental semiconductors.

David S. Weiss Chapter D.39

NexPress Solutions, Inc.Rochester, NY, [email protected]

David S. Weiss is a Scientist Fellow at NexPress Solutions, Inc.(a Kodak Company), in Rochester, New York. He received his Ph.D. inchemistry from Columbia University, New York in 1969. His researchinterests focus on electrophotographic technologies with emphasis onorganic photoreceptors. He holds 16 U.S. patents and is author on over70 publications. He is co-author of Organic Photoreceptors for ImagingSystems.

Rainer Wesche Chapter E.52

Swiss Federal Institute of TechnologyCentre de Recherchesen Physique des PlasmasLausanne, [email protected]

Rainer Wesche studied physics at the University of Constance,Germany. After completing his diploma in 1984, he was assistant from1985 to 1989 (Ph.D. in 1988). From 1989 to 1993 he was a researchscientist at the Paul Scherrer Institute in Switzerland, where he led anexperimental study of high-current applications ofhigh-Tcsuperconductors funded by the Swiss National ScienceFoundation. Since 1994 he has been a research scientist at the SwissFederal Institute of Technology Lausanne. His present research is in thefield of applied superconductivity.

Roger Whatmore Chapter C.27

Tyndall National InstituteLee Maltings, Cork, [email protected]

Roger Whatmore is Professor of Engineering Nanotechnology, researching the use offerroelectrics in microsystems and nanotechnology. He has published over 200 papersand 30 patents in the field. He is a Nelson Gold Medal and Griffith Medal winner,a fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering and a fellow of the Institute ofMaterials, Minerals and Mining.

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Neil White Chapter C.30

University of SouthamptonSchool of Electronicsand Computer ScienceHighfield, Southampton, [email protected]

Neil White is Professor of Intelligent Sensor Systems in the School of Electronics andComputer Science at the University of Southampton, UK. He is a fellow of theInstitution of Electrical Engineers (IEE) and the Institute of Physics (IOP) as well asa Senior Member of the IEEE. Professor White has published extensively in the fieldof sensor technology and novel sensing materials.

Magnus Willander Chapter C.24

University of GothenburgDepartment of PhysicsGöteborg, [email protected]

Magnus Willander is chaired professor in physics at GothenburgUniversity in Sweden. He did pioneering works on Si/SiGeheterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs), polymer transistors, and lasertransistors. His interest in soft materials in the last five to six years ledto the demonstration of the water transistor and its applications.Professor Willander combines experimental and theoretical research.

Jan Willekens Chapter A.7


Jan Willekens studied Physics at the University of Leuven, Belgium,and is currently a Physics Tutor at the Faculty of Engineering of thesame University. He is using steady-state and transientphotoconductivity techniques to study photogeneration and electronictransport in disordered semiconductor structures with special emphasison polymeric blends for photovoltaic applications.

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about the authors - springer · · 2012-04-27ian baker received a ph.d. in solid-state imaging...

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