ability beyond disability~ understanding accessibility hnielsen final
TRANSCRIPT
© 2012 IBM Corporation
Ability Beyond Disability: Understanding Accessibility
Holly Nielsen, Social Media Manager Human Ability and Accessibility Center October 15, 2012
2 © 2012 IBM Corporation
Overview
• National Disability Employment Awareness Month • What is accessibility? • Four main categories of disabilities • How communications professionals can reach target
audiences of individuals with disabilities with inclusive communications
• How diversity works for effectiveness and success both internally and externally
4 © 2012 IBM Corporation
Background
• 1945: Enacted by Congress, Public Law 176 designated the first week in October each year as "National Employ the Physically Handicapped Week."
• 1962: The word "physically" was removed from the week's name to acknowledge the employment needs of all Americans with disabilities.
• 1988: Congress expanded the week to the month of October and changed its name to "National Disability Awareness Month," which eventually evolved to its current name.
• 2001: The Labor Department's Office of Disability Employment Policy (ODEP) took over responsibility for National Disability Employment Awareness Month.
National Disability Employment Awareness Month
"Employers who ensure that inclusive workplace policies and practices are woven into the fabric and culture of the organization create an environment that
encourages all workers — including those of us with disabilities — to work to their full capacity and contribute fully to the organization's success.”
Kathy Martinez, assistant secretary of labor for disability employment policy
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Accessibility extends the capabilities of technology
to accelerate social innovation and create shared value for
all the citizens of our Smarter Planet.
Accessibility: It’s about all of us.
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The People of a Smarter Planet
Total Global Population: 7+ billion people
Of these…
6 billion have a cell phone
1+ billion are mobile workers
1.2+ billion are people with disabilities
600+ million are over the age of 60
900+ million have low literacy or are illiterate
Fewer than half speak 1 of the 10 major “link languages” as their primary language.
5 billion have never used the Internet.
1 billion have used the Internet for less than 5 years.
Environment
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2025: 60+ segment grows to 20% in most industrialized nations
Under 5% 5% to 12.4% 12.5% to 20% Above 20%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau
Global Population Demographics
The Age Wave:
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• Decreasing working-age population • Retirement of baby-boomers
Ratio of Young Workers to Elderly
1990
5.9
2010
2.8
2030
1.9
2050
1.4
Source: United Nations, World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision
(%)
0
10
20
30
40
1990 2010 2030 2050
Japan
U.S.
Europe
China
India
2011 2030
Percentage aged 65 or over (%)
Advent of a super-aged society
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Aging and Disability
1 in 4 people over age 50 have a disability
1 in 2 people over age 65 have a disability
1 in 3 people over age 65 have hearing loss
In general, the aging population:
• Does not consider itself disabled • Is less likely to seek out IT accommodations • Needs technology that is flexible, intuitive, usable and adaptive
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Source: IBM - Images sourced from Google
Accessibility Issues by Disability Type
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Accessibility: Everyday, Everyone, Everywhere
Situation Challenge Disability Equivalent Technology Need
Driving
Quiet Space
Hand / arm injury
Multitasking
Non-native language
Text-to-Speech
Speech- to-Text
Voice Recognition
Semantic / Search
Summarization
Translation / Transcription
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U.N. Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
153 signatories, 112 ratifications
Countries that have Ratified Algeria Argentina Armenia Austria *Australia Azerbaijan Bahrain Bangladesh Belgium Belize Bolivia Bosnia and Herzegovnia Brazil Burkina Faso Bulgaria Cape Verde Canada Chile Cook Islands Colombia Costa Rica China Croatia Cuba Cypress Czech Republic Denmark Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Ethiopia European Union France Gabon Germany Grenada Guatemala Guinea Haiti Honduras Hungary India Indonesia Iran Jamaica Japan Jordan Italy N. Ireland Kenya Laos Latvia Lesotho Lithuania Luxemburg Macedonia Malaysia Maldives Malawai Mali Maritania Mauritius Mexico Mongolia Montenegro Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Namibia Nepal New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Nigeria Oman Pakistan Panama Paraguay Philippines Peru Portugal Qatar Republic of Moldova Romania Rwanda Romania Saint Vincent and Grenadines San Marino Saudi Arabia Seychelles Serbia Sierra Leone Slovakia Slovenia S. Africa S. Korea Spain Sudan Sweden Syrian Arab Republic Thailand Togo Tunisia Turkey Turkmenistan Uganda UK Ukraine United Republic of Tanzania Uruguay Vanuatu Yemen Zambia
The first universal framework for accessibility of information and communications technologies
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Inclusive Technology Asset Integration
Legislation Year Passed Month
U.S.
A.D.A. Web Accessibility 2013 TBD
Section 508 Refresh (U.S. Rehabilitation Act)
2012 Q4
U.N. Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (U.N.C.R.P.D.)
2012 December (Ratification)
Twenty-First Century Communications and Video Accessibility Act (C.V.A.A.)
2010 October
A.D.A. Amendment Act 2008 September
Section 255 (Telecommunications Act) 1999 September 1999
Americans with Disabilities Act (A.D.A.) 1990 July
Regional (Non-U.S.)
European Accessibility Act (European Union)
2012 2012 - Introduction
Canadian Federal Government Common Look and Feel guidelines 2.0 (CLF 2.0)
2011 August
E.U. Mandate 376 (European Union) 2005 December
Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act (Canada)
2005 May
Implement thru 2021
Global
U.N.C.R.P.D. 2010 May 2010
Global Legislation
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Top Do’s and Don’ts of Inclusive Communications
Do not use color to convey meaning
Add ‘Alt’ text for relevant images, charts and graphs
Use text links instead of U.R.L.s
Provide sufficient contrast between background and text
Always spell check
Use people-first language
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Say this Not this people with disabilities (PwD) the handicapped, the disabled
people without disabilities normal, healthy, whole or typical people
person who has a congenital disability person with a birth defect
person who has (or has been diagnosed with)... person afflicted with, suffers from, a victim of...
person who has Down syndrome Downs person, mongoloid, mongol
person who has (or has been diagnosed with) autism the autistic
person with quadriplegia, person with paraplegia, person diagnosed with a physical disability
a quadriplegic, a paraplegic
person with a physical disability a cripple
person of short stature, little person a dwarf, a midget
person who is unable to speak, person who uses a communication device
dumb, mute
people who are blind, person who is visually impaired the blind
person with a learning disability learning disabled
person diagnosed with a mental health condition crazy, insane, psycho, mentally ill, emotionally disturbed, demented
person diagnosed with a cognitive disability or with an intellectual and developmental disability
mentally retarded, retarded, slow, idiot, moron
student who receives special education services special ed student, special education student
person who uses a wheelchair or a mobility chair confined to a wheelchair; wheelchair bound
accessible parking, bathrooms, etc. handicapped parking, bathrooms, etc.
Examples of People-First Language
From Texas Council for Developmental Disabilities (TCDD) website
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Tips for Accessible Presentations and Documents
Documents
Add document structure
Include document navigation
Avoid use of formatting as the only way to show meaning
Create accessible data tables
Presentations
Use predefined layouts and templates
Define reading order
Add speaker notes for complex images
Group complex images
Create accessible data tables
E-mail/Newsletters
Avoid use of tabbed newsletter formats
Provide text labels for buttons
Incorporate text hyperlinks vs. U.R.L.s
PDF documents Ensure source document is accessible
before converting to PDF
Tag document and define bookmarks
Use TouchUp Reading Order to add ‘Alt’ text and define reading order and document headings
Make U.R.L.s active links
23 © 2012 IBM Corporation
Tips for Accessible Multimedia
Flash
Accessibility best achieved with an experienced developer
IBM Accessibility checklists for developers
Audio-only or Video-only content
Audio-only: Provide transcripts for people who are deaf or have hearing loss
Video-only: Provide an audio description or a full text alternative
Video
Incorporate open or closed captioning
If it is not possible to include captions, post a full text transcript with the video
Wikis, blogs & social media
Mainstream social channels (e.g., Facebook, Twitter) ALL have accessibility challenges
Regardless of channel, best practices for accessible content should be utilized
25 © 2012 IBM Corporation
Driving differentiation across lines of business
Diversity 3.0...is the point where we can take best advantage of our differences — for innovation.
Our diversity is a competitive advantage and consciously building diverse teams helps us drive the best results for our clients.
Source: ibm.com, “Valuing diversity,” http://www-03.ibm.com/employment/us/diverse/
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The enterprise is evolving
20th Century
International Era – Exporting
Multinational Era – Replicating
21st Century
The globally-integrated enterprise – Business in a smart, connected world
IBM workforce: 400,000+ employees
• More than 50% mobile
• 170 countries
• 2,000 locations
• 50% with less than 5 years experience
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New Work Paradigm:
The Mobile Worker
Working when and where I want…
• with information I need
• using any available connectivity type
• using any corporate-approved device
• with the support I need
Work is no longer a place!
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A changing workforce:
Generational shifts unleash different work styles
Experienced Workers (age 50+)
Organizations’ wisdom and Intellectual capital
Mid-Career Workers (ages 35 - 50)
Essential professionals and middle managers
New Generation Workers (born after 1980)
Critical to long-term viability and innovation
Email Instant Messaging Social
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Inclusion matters
In today’s social businesses, excluding any individual means leaving ideas, insight and opportunities on the table.
What’s impacted? Your ability to:
• Differentiate from competition
• Expand market reach
• Drive Innovation
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Diversity & Inclusion
First IBM Fellow in Accessibility Chieko Asakawa IBM Research - Tokyo
• Joined IBM Research in 1985
• Generated 12 patents for IBM
• Member of Women in Technology Hall of Fame
• Developed Digital Braille System and 3 key applications
• Blind since age 14
Leader in Human Language Technologies Dimitri Kanevsky IBM Researcher & Master Inventor
• Generated 80 IBM patents
• Developed first uses of speech recognition technology over telephone as a communication aid for deaf users
• 2002 Science Accomplishment for Maximization Algorithms
• Deaf
What it means and why it works
32 © 2012 IBM Corporation
Thank you!
IBM Research, Human Ability & Accessibility Center
Holly Nielsen [email protected] For more information about accessibility at IBM visit:
www.ibm.com/able
IBM Accessibility
IBMAccess
IBM Accessibility
Inclusive technology
It’s the new I.T.
@HollyNielsen
Holly Nielsen
Hooked on Social Networking