abb ups - semi.org. mega ups整合技術_abb.pdf高科技廠房設施委員會 abb ups...

ABB UPS

Dominic Loh2014.10.31

高科技廠房設施委員會

Reference: EYP Mission Critical Facilities

Equipment Failure28%

System Design20%

Human Error18%

Equipment Design13%

Installation Error10%

Natural Disaster3%

Commissioning or TestDeficiency

4%

MaintenanceOversight

4%

36% Failures caused byHuman Error

33% Failures caused bylack of design

28% Failures caused byequipment failure

The Causes of CRITICAL UPS FAILURES

Standardization benefits… and finally: System reliability and availability

Standardized solution canimprove most of these

| Slide 2ABB Group


UPS’ Function

Month DD, Year | Slide 3© ABB Group

Battery

InverterBooster

StaticSwitch

Rectifier

UPS On-line double conversionClass 1 VFI-SS–111 (IEC EN 62040-3)

Critical load

Needed availability 99.9999..%

Public grid

Mains availability 99.9%500 minutes of downtime a year

48.79%

39.52%

11.22%

0.47%

1. Eliminate all power disturbances towards the critical load2. Eliminate all power disturbances generated from the load upstream the UPS3. Increase the availability towards the applied load


Modular TechnologyWhat is your definition of Modular?

| Slide 4ABB Group


RedundantPOWER

UNIT

Modular ArchitecturesCentralized Parallel Architecture (CPA)

RedundantPOWER

UNIT

RedundantPOWER

UNIT

CENTRALPROCESSING

UNIT

MAINS 1 MAINS 2

CENTRALCONTROLPANNEL

CENTRALBATTERY

PACKS

CRITICAL LOAD

CENTRALSTATIC BP

SWITCH

In a Centralized Parallel Architecturesthe system is composed of commonsystem building blocks:

The only Decentralized Parts arethe Power Units.

• CPU• Control Panel• Static Bypass Switch• Battery

| Slide 5ABB Group


ABB UPS ConceptsTrue Modularity

DPACONTROLPANNEL

DPA CENTRALPROCESSING

UNIT

DPAPOWER

UNIT

DPA STATICBP SWITCH

CRITICAL LOAD

MAINS 1 MAINS 2

DPACONTROLPANNEL


UNIT

DPAPOWER

UNIT

DPA STATICBP SWITCH

DPACONTROLPANNEL


UNIT

DPAPOWER

UNIT

DPA STATICBP SWITCH

DPABATTERY

PACKS

DPABATTERY

PACKS

DPABATTERY

PACKS

Decentralized ParallelArchitecture (DPA)TM

distributes the entire UPSHardware and Softwareinto each module.

A DPA systems includesdistributed/decentralized:

• CPU;• Control Panel;• Static Bypass Switch;• Power Unit and• Separate Battery

| Slide 6ABB Group


| Slide 7

DPA UPScaleTM HIGHLIGHTS and Benefits

• High level of decentralization

• Multi Master and Slave Technologythrough a simplified BUS Communication

• Full redundancy on inverter

• Full redundency on Static Bypass Switch (SBS)

Decentralized Parallel Architecture DPA

ABB Group


RightsizingStandalone vs modular - Example

| Slide 8

Modular design allows the power protection capacity to be added whenneeded to meet the existing/actual demand, instead total up front deployment.

ABB Group


TCO – Energy Efficiency

| Slide 9

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

25% 50% 75% 100%

Effi

cien

cy(%

)

Load (%)

95 9595 96

90

92

93

Modular Freestanding (Legacy)

“

”

For optimumefficienciesUPSsystemsshould begreater than75% loaded

ABB Group


TCO – Energy Efficiency(Example)

| Slide 10

Energy Cost – typical commercial tariff = 0.10 $/kWhCooling factor = 0.4

Freestanding Modular

Percentage load 50% 75%

Efficiency 90% 95%

Critical load 1,000 kW 1,000 kW

Total UPS input power 1,111 kW 1.052 kW

Total UPS heat loss 111 kW 53 kW

UPS ‘losses’ cost per year $ 97,333 $ 46,105

Cooling costs per year $ 38’933 $ 18,442

TOTAL COST PER YR $ 136,267 $ 64,547

Electricity saving over 5 years = $ 358,596ABB Group


Total Cost of Ownership – Energy efficiency

| Slide 11

Energy’ cost savings

$17,929k$1,792k$10,524k$1,052k$ 3,433k$ 343k5,000

$ 3,585k$ 358k$ 2,104k$ 210k$ 686k$ 68k1,000

10 years5 years10 years5 years10 years5 yearsLoad (kW)

5%3%1%Efficiencydifference

• kWh cost = $0.10 Cooling factors = 0.4

Don’t look only at the initialcosts, but take also intoconsideration the TCO

ABB Group


| Slide 12

The mission for increased availabilityAdvantages of the modular UPS concept

Add redundancyto the system

Ø Modular architecture introduces redundancy to the system automaticallyØ With decentralized paralleling architecture all modules are automatically

redundant with each otherà single points of failure in the UPS are eliminated

ABB Group


| Slide 13





Minimize chancefor human error

Ø Simplicity of service + maintenance of ABB’s modular UPS mitigates human errorØ Modular architecture allows for implementation of simple and standardized power

protection and service concept across installations

ABB Group


| Slide 14






Ø Simplicity of service + maintenance of ABB’s modular UPS mitigates humanerror

Ø Modular architecture allows for implementation of simple and standardizedpower protection and service concept across installations

Select highquality, reliableequipment

Ø Use reliable double conversion UPS technologyØ High “Swiss made” quality with 20 years experience on modular UPS

ABB Group


Top-of-the-line PerformanceHigh double conversion efficiency

§ High efficiency reaching - and exceeding 96%§ Having the curve flat means that high efficiency is reached already at low load levels

Ø 95.8% at 25% load

| Slide 15ABB Group


| Slide 16










Minimize oreliminate need fordowntime

Ø UPS with modular architecture secures concurrent maintenanceØ With decentralized paralleling architecture all modules are capable to function

independentlyØ With on-line swappable modules, critical load does not need to be shut down or

transferred to raw mains during when UPS is being serviced

ABB Group


Modular Technology

| Slide 17ABB Group


Modular TechnologySafe swap

| Slide 18ABB Group


| Slide 19










Minimize oreliminate need fordowntime

Ø UPS with modular architecture secures concurrent maintenanceØ With decentralized paralleling architecture all modules are capable to function

independentlyØ With on-line swappable modules, critical load does not need to be shut down or

transferred to raw mains during when UPS is being serviced

Secure simplicityand easiness ofservice

Ø Modular UPS allows also for simplifying and standardizing the complete serviceconcept across installation and sites!

Ø Same technology base and UPS concept can be used across load segmentsand applications!

ABB Group


UPS service with online swappable modules:• Concurrent maintenence by swopping the modules• Concurrent repair by swopping the module• Limited spare parts inventory in quantities,

different articles and total value• Minimized human errors• Standardised service training

Operator training can be standardized and simplified since theUPS system is a standard solution.

Standardization benefitsOperation and maintenance

| Slide 20ABB Group


Conceptpower DPA 500Advantages of the modular UPS concept

Ø Combines the right-sizing approach with scalability,Ø Pay-as-you-grow solution lowers your capital costs and increases

utilization ratesØ Innovative technology allows for maximal power density that frees

space for other critical equipment.

Ø Electrical and physical modularity allows for rapid installation withminimal engineering.

Ø Same product and technology base can be selected to match theneeds of each data center and each load segment

Ø Modular architecture allows for implementation of simple andstandardized power protection and service concept acrossinstallations.

Ø On-line swappable modularity ensures need for scheduled andunscheduled downtime is minimized

Optimize and save on capitalinvestment

Accelerate speed ofdeployment

Decrease complexity andcosts of service andmaintenance

Decrease the operating costsØ With efficiency of 96% in double conversion and 99% in ECO mode,

the operating costs can be >40% less compared to UPS of previousgeneration

Ø Increased availability and load uptime result in increased utilization

| Slide 21ABB Group


| Slide 22

Benefits:

• No phasecompensation filterrequired

• Respect power gridregulations

• Energy savings

Advanced Booster PFC circuit to provide near-unityInput PF even with partial loads.

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

25% 50% 75% 100%

Load %)

Inpu

tPF

(%)

0.990.96 0.985 0.99

Input Power Factor versus load

Reduced TCO

DPA UPScaleTM /

Environmental Friendly

ABB Group


UPS2

CoolingSystem

UPS1

8 Large space required : expensive8 Large cables : expensive8 Lower efficiency : high losses8 Dedicated cooling system:

expensive8 Redundancy far from load

• INITIAL INVESTMENT COST….. HIGH• TCO....... HIGH.

Right Sizing ??

Scalability & Flexibility

ABB Group | Slide 23


8 Modular UPS design (pay as you growth)8 Simpler and less expensive cabling8 Redundancy close to point of use8 Reduced floor space utilization8 No dedicated cooling system8 Easy to service - replacement modules8 High speed of deployment

• INITIAL INVESTMENT COST… LOWER• TCO....... LOWER

FREE SPACE - NO UPS ROOM REQUIRED

O O O

O O O

O O O

O O O

O O O

O O O

Right Sizing with Modules!!

Scalability & Flexibility



Standardization benefitsEnergy efficiency, over capacity vs. right sizing

3000kW + 3000kW system

1200kW + 1200kW system

Centralized power protection concept: Power demand can vary greatly, from 500kW up to 3 MW and above.

Only a modular UPS is capable to adapt changes in power demand in a changing infrastructure

| Slide 25ABB Group

DPA 500Modular Scalability Enables Standardization of

the Power Protection in Data Centers


27

Load

PDU

’sB

Centralised large tier 4 system using

mono-bock UPS in parallel

PDU

’sA

GG G G

Mechanicalloads B

Mechanicalloads A

UPS System B

6 x 500kW

UPS System A

6 x 500kW

ABB Group| Slide 27


Modular UPS development leads to higherpowerModule of 100kW a complete UPS

| Slide 28

==

==

Bypass input

CriticalLoad

Rectifier input

100kW UPS module

ABB Group


500 kWFrame

IA1

Bypass input

Rectifier input CriticalLoad=

=

==

100 kW

==

==

100 kW

==

==

100 kW

==

==

100 kW

==

==

100 kW

ABB Group

| Slide 29


Master your power



ConceptScalability of 100 – 500 kW in one Frame

| Slide 31ABB Group


ConceptFurther scalability up to higher power (3MW)§ Frames can be connected in parallel to achieve 3 MW system total power.§ Multiple benefits follow from the advanced scalability:

§ Adding capacity to system is easy§ Adding redundancy to increase availability and reliability becomes easy§ Standardizing UPS system to serve load segments of different sizes is

reality

| Slide 32ABB Group


Benefits of standardizationSavings w/o surprises both when building and when operating a data center

Modular scalability enables the users with varioustypes and sizes of data centers to:Ø Optimize the solution according to the needs of

each data center or each load segmentØ Increase the system availability and gain

savings due to simple and standardized powerprotection concept

Ø and due to very efficient service conceptSmall or bigSmall or big

… growing … modular

| Slide 33ABB Group

PCS100 4000kVA UPS-IMega Sized UPS


4000kVA UPS-I SLD Drawing• The 4000kVA

UPS-I is made upof 3 x 1350 kVAEnergy deliveryunits (EDU’s) andone utilitydisconnect (SCRSwitch)

• The Systemmaster controls theEnergy deliveryunits and the UtilityDisconnect (SCRswitch)

• The system is faulttolerant with manylevels ofredundancy

ABB Group| Slide 35


Mega UPS Integration

• Single 4000kVAsystem advantages– Reduced infrastructure cost– Only two 22kV ACB’s required– Small footprint

• Features– Multi level redundancy– Storage string redundancy– Inverter redundancy– Energy delivery unit redundancy– Charger Redundancy– Fail safe protection integrated

into the maintenance bypass

Supply A 22kV

Supply B 22kV

UtilityDisconnect

Inverters

4000kVA UPS-I

Storage Coupling TX

DCprotection

ProtectedLoads

K

0.480kV 0.480kV

22kV 22kV

NO NC

NO

NC

NC

ABB Group| Slide 36


Mega UPS Integration§ Distributed loading on loading on dual 22kV supplies

§ No Backup UPS-I required due to the integrated redundancy in UPS-I

Supply A 22kVSupply B 22kV

22kV 22kV

0.48kV 0.48kVNCNO

NC

NC

NO4000kVA UPS-I

Load

NCNC22kV 22kV

0.48kV 0.48kVNCNO

NC

NC

NO4000kVA UPS-I

Load

NCNC22kV 22kV

0.48kV 0.48kVNCNO

NC

NC

NO4000kVA UPS-I

Load

NCNC22kV 22kV

0.48kV 0.48kVNCNO

NC

NC

NO4000kVA UPS-I

Load

NCNC

ABB Group| Slide 37


Mega UPS Plant IntegrationWith Maintenance Backup UPS-I

§ Additional UPS-I for Maintenance and redundant backupMaintenance and

redundant backup UPS-I

22kV 22kV

0.48kV 0.48kVNONC

NC

NC

NO4000kVA UPS-I

NCNC22kV 22kV

0.48kV 0.48kVNCNO

NC

NC

NO4000kVA UPS-I

Load

NCNC

NCNO

22kV 22kV

0.48kV 0.48kVNONC

NC

NC

NO4000kVA UPS-I

Load

NCNC

NCNO

22kV 22kV

0.48kV 0.48kVNCNO

NC

NC

NO4000kVA UPS-I

Load

NCNC

NCNO


PCS100 UPS-I Layout


4000kVA Layout 5 Minute DesignNo maintenance bypass or storage

This area for AC and DC internal power cabling where there is no cable trench

CouplingTransformer

EDU 1

CouplingTransformer

EDU2

CouplingTransformer

EDU 3

Inverter ModulesEDU 1

SystemMaster



CircuitBreakers

UtilityDisconnect

CustomerConnections


SystemMaster



CircuitBreakers

UtilityDisconnect



4000kVA Layout 5 Minute DesignNo maintenance bypass or storage

Most compact layout, Cable trenches required

ABB Group| Slide 41

PCS100 4000kVA UPS-ISpecifications


Utility Disconnect Overload CapabilityPreload of 4.0MVA @ 27 degreesCelsius

Overload capability

60 seconds 5052 Amps


10seconds 8420 Amps


Not more than once every 10 minutes

Fault current

65kA 25 milli secondsUtility Load

Power Flow

Seconds4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

11000

12000

13000

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Amps



Utility Disconnect– Current rating 4810amps (4000kVA, 480V) at

27oC– Current rating 4330amps (3600kVA, 480V) at

40oC

Utility Disconnect

Inlet airfilters

Degrees

Celsius

kVA

Temperature V’s KVA Rating

Utility Disconnect

300031003200330034003500360037003800390040004100

27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40



Energy Delivery Unit (EDU)Specifications

Capacity Rating 3 x 1350 kVA (4050 kVA)

Displacement Power Factor of Connected Load 0.5 lagging to 0.9 leading (dependent on batteryavailable)

Crest Factor for Rated kVA 2.2

Maximum allowed directly connected motor<1.8ms transfer

25% of rated kVA

Contact ABB for applications with greater thandirectly connected motors

Overload Capability 122% for 30 s

Displacement Power Factor of Connected Load 0.5 lagging to 0.9 leading

EDU’s



Downstream Fault While the EDU’s aresupporting the loads

• EDU system nominal rating 4050 kVA, 4870 amps• 3 x EDU’s into a short circuit 133% for 500ms (6479 Amps)• 2 x EDU’s into a short circuit 133% for 500ms (4319 Amps)• If the fault does not clear in 500ms the Utility disconnect (Static Switch) will be

turned on, this will allow the utility voltage to clear the fault• When the fault clears the UPS-I will continue operation• The EDU units will not be damaged by this event

Utility

Power Flow

Pow

erFl

ow

Pow

erFl

ow

Pow

erFl

ow

Loads

Fault

Loads

Loads

Loads



4000kVA UPS-I Energy Delivery UnitRating

Minutes

kVA

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

EDU Duration on Batteries Verses Load

3 x EDU’s functioning

2 x EDU’s functioning

1 x EDU functioning

EDU’s



4000kVA Float Charger Redundancy

• To maximize system efficiency the inverterchargers shut down after the bulk charge iscomplete. Then the low power float chargercontinues to charge the batteries to 100%charge

• The float charger cycles to maintain the floatvoltage on the batteries at 780VDC (adjustableto suit specific battery chemistry)

• If a float charger fails the inverter chargers willmaintain the battery charge. Normal inverterredundancy applies during charger function

Float Charger

Inverter Charger


abb ups - semi.org. mega ups整合技術_abb.pdf高 科 技 廠 房 設 施 委 員 會 abb ups...

Documents

abb ups - semi.org. mega ups整合技術_abb.pdf高科技廠房設施委員會 abb ups...