Aaron Raymond SeeAaron Raymond See

Department of Electrical EngineeringDepartment of Electrical Engineering

Southern Taiwan UniversitySouthern Taiwan University

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Introduction Methodology Preliminary Results Conclusions References

Outline

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Over 30 years….

EEG asymmetry Emotional states Psychophysiological conditions

Introduction

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From: Carvalho A et al (2011) Journal of Affective Disorders, 129, pp. 143-148. Allen J (2004) Biological Psychology, 67, pp.1-5

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Introduction

Fig. 1 Frontal EEG asymmetry as a moderator. Model adapted from Baron and Kenney (1986).

From: Coan J and Allen J (2004) Biological Psychology, 67:7-49.

Effects of relatively greater left frontal activity:

General appetitive Approachable Behavioral activation Motivational

Introduction

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Effects of greater right frontal activity

General avoidance Withdrawal behaviors Fear Anxiety

Introduction

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EEG asymmetry measurement

Index computed through the difference between the natural logarithm of the left hemisphere alpha power from right hemisphere alpha power

= ln(right alpha power) – ln(left alpha power)

Introduction

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From: Coan J and Allen J (2004) Biological Psychology, 67:7-49. Jetha M et al (2009) International Journal of Psychophysiology, 72: 228-233.

Fig. 2 Scatterplots of the relation between EEG alpha asymmetry (ln right hemisphere minus ln left hemisphere power) in the frontal regions for eyes-open and eyes closed conditions.

From: Jetha M et al (2009) International Journal of Psychophysiology, 72: 228-233.

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Introduction

The factors may be considered as an index for the risk of

anxiety and depression.

Fig. 3 Spectral asymmetry index values averaged over a group of depressive and control subjects

From: Coan J and Allen J (2004) Biological Psychology, 67:7-49. Smit DJA et al (2007) Biological Psychology, 74: 26-33. Hinrikus H et al (2009) Med Biol Eng Comput, 47: 1291-1299.

Introduction

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Fig. 4 Frontal asymmetry (mean and sd) in normal, remmitted and depressed elderly subjects.

From: Carvalho et al. Journal of Affective Disorders, 129, pp. 143-148, 2011.

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Introduction

Music was found to be correlated with emotional experience.

Introduction

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Fig. 5 Differences among four musical excerpts on left and right frontal EEG alpha power

From: Schmidt L and Trainor et al (2001) Cognition and Emotion, 14: 487-500.

Objective:

To determine the effects on EEG asymmetry of resting EEG after listening to melancholic music.

Introduction

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Subjects:

3 Male University Students

Mean Age 20 Yrs Old

Experimental procedure:

Divided into 3 parts1st measure continuous resting eyes closed EEG 10 mins2nd listen to melancholic songs no EEG recording 10 mins 3rd measure continuous resting eyes closed EEG 10 mins

Methodology

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Nu Amps Express of NeuroScan Company

16 channels were placed according to the 10-20 system

Impedance was kept at 5 kΩ

The channels recorded are composed of the following:

Fp1, Fp2, F3, F4, C3, and C4

Bandpass filtered using: 0.5-30 Hz

Sampling Frequency: 1000 Hz

Methodology

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Harmonic parameter extraction:

Beta, Alpha, Theta, Delta Single side power of each harmonic parameter Power is normalize Asymmetry index

ln[right alpha] – ln[left alpha]

Methodology

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Preliminary Results

Fig. 6 EEG asymmetry of subject 104/21/23 16

Preliminary Results

Fig. 7 EEG asymmetry of subject 204/21/23 17

Preliminary Results

Fig. 8 EEG asymmetry of subject 304/21/23 18

Preliminary Results

Fig. 9 Average EEG asymmetry of 3 subjects04/21/23 19

　 Subject 1

　 Left Right

　 Before After Before After

Beta 9.66 15.57 9.77 15.70

Alpha 36.01 39.49 33.17 38.15

Theta 52.63 43.42 55.46 44.71

Delta 1.70 1.53 1.60 1.45

Preliminary Results

Table 1. EEG asymmetry index comparison

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Preliminary Results

Fig. 10 EEG asymmetry comparison04/21/23 21

Melancholic music presented to the subjects were

able to display observable changes in the EEG asymmetry indexes and the normalized power of the harmonic parameters.

The asymmetry indexes were brought closer to the baseline after listening to the set of music.

Beta power increase and decrease were observed to affect theta changes.

Conclusions

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More experiments may determine new

methods to provide a definitive test on emotional and psychological states.

Conclusions

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 The authors would like to thank the financial support from National Science Council of Taiwan on grant number NSC 99-2221-E-218-012.

Acknowledgements

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P. Possel, (2008) Biological Psychology, 78: 173-178. Wheeler RE et al (1993) Psychophysiology, 30: 82–89. Coan J and Allen J (2004) Biological Psychology, 67: 7-49. Jones NA, Field T, and Davalos M (1998) Infant behavior and

Development, 21: 527–530. Coan JA, Allen JJ B ( 2003) The Asymmetrical Brain, MIT Press,

Cambridge, MA, 565–615. Davidson RJ (1993) Cognition and Emotion 7: 115–138. Harmon-Jones E and Allen JJ B (1997) Journal of Abnormal

Psychology, 106: 159–163. Hinrikus H et al (2009) Med Biol Eng Comput, 47: 1291-1299. Grin-Yatsenko et al (2010) Clinical Neurophysiology, 121: 281-

289.

References

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Harmon-Jones E, Gable P A, and Peterson C K (2010) Biological

Psychology, 84: 451-462. Lin YP et al (2010) Neuroreport, 21: 410-414. Sokhadze E (2007) Applied Pyschophysiology and Biofeedback, 32:

31-50. Carvalho A et al (2011) Journal of Affective Disorders, 129: 143-148. Allen J (2004) Biological Psychology, 67: 1-5 . Jetha M et al (2009) International Journal of Psychophysiology, 72:

228-233. Smit DJA et al (2007) Biological Psychology, 74: 26-33. Schmidt L and Trainor et al (2001) Cognition and Emotion, 14: 487-500. http://racqueldozier.blogspot.com/2011/04/mastering-your-emotions.html http://mrdfourth90.com/all_class_sites/2010/Human_Body/data/

CPemotions.htm http://novelideaslifeofateenwriter.wordpress.com/2011/01/05/traumatic-or-

dramatic-life-after-a-death-scene/ http://www.medicalook.com/Mental_health/Anxiety.html

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References

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