aalborg industries presentation scrubber
TRANSCRIPT
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Exhaust Gas Cleaning
WWW.AALBORG-INDUSTRIES.COM PRESENTATION series | © AALBORG INDUSTRIES | JUL 2010 EXHAUST GAS CLEANING1
SO2 Reduction From ShippingOlav Knudsen, Head of R&D, Exhaust Gas Cleaning
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SO2 reduction requirements
0
1
2
3
4
5
2005 2010 2015 2020 2025
Year
Sulfu
r con
tent
[%]
ECA
Global
0102030405060708090
100
0 2 4 6
Fuel S [%]
Rem
oval
[%]
"0.1 %"
"0.5 %"
"1.0 %"
2010
20152020
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SO2 reduction requirements
0
1
2
3
4
5
2005 2010 2015 2020 2025
Year
Sulfu
r con
tent
[%]
ECA
Global
0102030405060708090
100
0 2 4 6
Fuel S [%]
Rem
oval
[%]
"0.1 %"
"0.5 %"
"1.0 %"
2010
20152020
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Situation today Environmental impact
CO2
CO2 + H2O ↔ H2CO3
H2CO3 ↔ H+ + HCO3-
HCO3- ↔ H+ + CO3
--
CO2 + H2O ↔ H2CO3
H2CO3 ↔ H+ + HCO3-
HCO3- ↔ H+ + CO3
--
H2SO4 ↔ H+ + HSO4-
HSO4- ↔ H+ + SO4
--
H2SO4 ↔ H+ + HSO4-
HSO4- ↔ H+ + SO4
--
PMPM
H2SO4 (sulphuric acid)
SO2PM
PM
SO2 + H2O + ½ O2
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CO2
CO2 + H2O ↔ H2CO3
H2CO3 ↔ H+ + HCO3-
HCO3- ↔ H+ + CO3
--
CO2 + H2O ↔ H2CO3
H2CO3 ↔ H+ + HCO3-
HCO3- ↔ H+ + CO3
--
H2SO4 ↔ H+ + HSO4-
HSO4- ↔ H+ + SO4
--
H2SO4 ↔ H+ + HSO4-
HSO4- ↔ H+ + SO4
--
Situation with scrubber Environmental impact
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Discharge water criteria
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Discharge water criteria in ports and estuaries
pH ≥ 6.5 for the overboard discharge (dilution okay)
Limit on dissolved oil (PAH)
Nitrate: Max. 12 % of NOx in exhaust gas or max. 60 mg/liter
Limit on soot particles (turbidity)
No maximum sulfate level
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Technology history
~1000 Inert Gas Systems sold since 1972
~3000 Inert Gas Generators sold with scrubber section
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Technology history
~1000 Inert Gas Systems sold since 1972
~3000 Inert Gas Generators sold with scrubber section
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Tests with MAN Diesel
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Test results(FW)
Influence of NaOH addition
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4
mole NaOH / mole Fuel Sulfur
SO2 trapp
ing efficiency (%
)
Jet
Venturi
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Test results
PM emission ‐ Jet scrubber, 100% MCR
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 10 20 30 40 50 60Test No.
PM trapp
ing efficiency [%
]PM emission with Jet scrubber
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Test results
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400Pressure drop venturi [mmWC]
PM trapp
ing efficiency (%
)
PM emission with Venturi scrubber
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Advantages Hybrid EGC system
Running on SW at open sea whenever possible
(lowest costs, ease of operation)
Zero discharge whenever required
(ports, estuaries, sensitive area’s)
Ability to cope with low alkalinity waters (Baltic, estuaries, rivers)
No switching between MGO/HFO -> maximum fuel savings
Compact water cleaning, lowest possible FW/NaOH consumption
Maximum flexibibility
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Technical data Tor Ficaria
Technical dataYear built 2006 Length 199,8 metersWidth 26,50 metersSpeed 22,5 knotsCargo capacity 3,831 lane metersMAN B&W type 9L60 MC-C (21MW) Classification LRS
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EGC installed on Tor Ficaria
Technical data:In operation since May 2010Height 10.5 MetersLength 8.2 MetersDiameter 4.6 MetersWeight empty 24TWeight with water 32TExhaust gas 192,000 Kg/hMaterial SS alloysPM Scrubbing Jet + venturiSea water pump 200KW/1000m3/h
Length
Diameter
Hei
ght
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DFDS Tor Ficaria- world largest scrubber on a vessel
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DFDS Tor FicariaFunnel - modification
Before During After
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DFDS Tor Ficaria- world largest scrubber on a vessel
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DFDS Tor Ficaria- world largest scrubber on a vessel
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DFDS Tor Ficaria- world largest scrubber on a vessel
22
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Switching between SW and FW- Operation on FW in sensitive areas
SW
NaOH
Scrubber
Exhaust gas
No discharge water No Environmental Impact Assessment (IEA) to local EPA
Low engine power low NaOH consumption
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Switching between SW and FW- Operation on SW at open sea
SW
Scrubber
Exhaust gas
Slowly cleaning of the accumulated water at open sea only a relative small water cleaning unit is required.
Sludge for disposal at land
Brine
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Switching between SW and FW- Operation on SW at open sea
SW
Scrubber
Exhaust gas
No NaOH consumption
Slowly filling up the tank again to prepare it for arrival to a sensitive area Only a relative low FW flow is required.
FW supply
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Results Tor Ficaria- Summary
Sulfur emission after scrubber below the 0.1 % sulfur limit in 2015 with HFO
pH level of discharge water at 3 – 5 depending on exhaust gas and water flow
Below limit on dissolved oil in discharge water (PAH)
Below limit on soot particles in discharge water (Turbidity)
More than 1300 hours of operation
Valuable data for further optimization
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Savings in fuel costs
Date
USD
/ton
fuel
350.00
400.00
450.00
500.00
550.00
600.00
650.00
700.00
750.00
01.1
0.09
01.1
1.09
01.1
2.09
01.0
1.10
01.0
2.10
01.0
3.10
01.0
4.10
0.1% Cargoes CifNWE
Roterdam 380 CST
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A Day with a Scrubber
Gothenburg (SE)
Brevik (NO)
Immingham (UK)
---- Fresh Water (no discharge)
---- Salt Water
---- Offline
5
4
3
2
1
140kg/hFW<0.05%2400l/h (2.2%)5.
---SW0.22%3900l/h (2.2%)4.
105kg/hFW<0.05%1800l/h (2.2%)3.
---SW0.17%2500l/h (2.2%)2.
70kg/hFW<0.05%1200l/h (2.2%)1.
NaOH kg/hModeS. Eq(%)Fuel Spec.Nr.
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Pay Back Time
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ConclusionsScrubbers well-known from land based installations and Inert Gas Systems.
Maximum cost savings and flexibility with hybrid EGC System
Far largest EGC system in continuous operation on Tor Ficaria - 21 MW MAN B&W
Short pay back time 1-2 years