รองศาสตราจารย ดร.สนทร โสตถพนธ Assoc Prof Sunthorn

Sotthibandhu, PhD(Manc)

ภาควชาชววทยา คณะวทยาศาสตร มหาวทยาลยสงขลานครนทร

วทยาเขตอรรถกระวสนทร อาเภอหาดใหญ ๙๐๑๑๒

หวหนาภาควชาชววทยาหนาทการงานในอดตพนฐานการศกษา

วท.บ. – ชววทยาทางทะเล (จฬาฯ)

คณบดบณฑตวทยาลย

รองอธการบดฝายกจการพเศษ

MSc – Applied Entomology (Newcastle)

PhD – Behavioural Ecology (Manchester)

Cert. in Theory & Practice in Higher Education (Monash)

รองอธการบดฝายวชาการและ ประกาศนยบตรหลกสตรการบรหารอดมศกษา

อธการบด ฝายพฒนานกศกษา

ประกาศนยบตรหลกสตรการบรหารอดมศกษา,

สถาบนบณฑตพฒนบรหารศาสตร (NIDA)

อนกรรมการมาตรฐานการอดมศกษา สานกงานคณะกรรมการการอดมศกษา กศธ ปจจบน อนกรรมการมาตรฐานการอดมศกษา สานกงานคณะกรรมการการอดมศกษา, กศธ.

อนกรรมการสงเสรมและตดตามการดาเนนการตามกรอบมาตรฐานคณวฒแหงชาต, สกอ. กศธ.

อนกรรมการปรบปรงแกไขกฎกระทรวงทเกยวของกบการจดตงและเปลยนประเภทสถาบนอดมศกษาเอกชน

กรรมการจรรยาบรรณ มหาวทยาลยศลปากร

ปจจบน

กรรมการจรรยาบรรณ มหาวทยาลยศลปากร

กรรมการผทรงคณวฒ คณะกรรมการบณฑตศกษา มหาวทยาลยราชภฏสงขลา

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Communication in animals Why do Communication in animals –Why do

birds sing?

SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY

Dr Sunthorn Sotthibandhu, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai campus, June 2012

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คาถามหลก Key questions

โลกและจกรวาล

Alb t Ei t i (1879 1955 )Albert Einstein (1879 –1955 )

๑. จะรจกโลกนอกตวไดอยางไร? (external world)

๒. ปญหาในการมความร (knowledge) เกยวกบโลกนอกตว? –a posteriori . ญ ( ow edge) ? pos e o

๓. มวธการแกปญหาขางตนอยางไร? –ญาณวทยา/ทฤษฎความร (epistemology)

วทยาศาสตร/ระเบยบวธวทยาศาสตร

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Albert Szent-Gyorgyi de Nagyrapolt (September 16, 1893–

October 22, 1986) was a Hungarian physiologist who won the

Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1937. He is credited

Szent-Gyorgyiwith discovering vitamin C and the components and reactions

of the citric acid cycle. Charles Darwin

To understand what science is is to understand

what scientists do, and what scientists do is found in

the way that they think about certain kinds of puzzles

and problems.

PhD Cambridge (1927); Nobel Prize winner in Physiology or Medicine, 1937

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What is scientific inquiry?

How scientists : - think

- observeobserve

- experiment

- validate their claims of discoveryvalidate their claims of discovery

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Defining Inquiry

(based on the National Research Council)

“Inquiry into authentic questions generated from student experiences is the central strategy for

teaching science.”g

“ Inquiry” refers to the work scientists do when they study the natural world, proposing explanations

that include evidence gathered from the world around them. The term also includes the activities of

students –such as posing questions, planning investigations, and reviewing what is already known in light

of experimental evidence –that mirror what scientists do. INQUIRY requires identifying assumptions,

use of critical and logical thinking, and consideration of alternative explanation. g g, p

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Systems Framework Input Process

Output

Mental process Power of reasonp

Perceptual signal Conceptual product

Direct contact with our sense experience

Aided by sophisticated instrument

Empirical knowledge of the external world

Be careful of GIGO = Garbage In Garbage Out

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( H t t t )What can be known?

( 5 aggregates = เบญจขนธ) Scientific attitude

Truth

( How to tame our own nature )

Empirical evidence & logical interpretation

D K t ti N l

Knowledge base

Dr Konstantin Novoselov

Nobel Prize winner, 2011

Sophisticated equipment

Research methodology

Learning resources

Research methodology

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Guiding Principles

A student is not a vase to be filled, it is a fire to be lit. ( François Rabelais )

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Three Modes of Wisdom Development Three Modes of Wisdom Development

Critical reading, listening

1. Suttamaya-panna

2 Cintamaya panna

3. Bhavanamaya-pannaKnowledge gained by actual practice

2. Cintamaya-panna

Critical thinking

Perceptual signals MENTAL PROCESS

Conceptual product

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Communicate

Analyze

Fair test HBL = Hypothesis-Based Learning Questions drive the answer

from step to step

Design & Predict

Explain

Observe

Question

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Scientific MethodSi G P t Th FRS N b l P i i 1937Sir George Paget Thomson, FRS, Nobel Prize winner, 1937

1 U i t id th bl d t t k f it 1. Use your experience to consider the problem and try to make sense of it.

Look for previous explanations; if this is a new problem to you, then do

2. Conjecture an explanation –when nothing else is yet known, try to state your explanation

3. Deduce a prediction from that explanation –if 2. were true, then state a consequence of that explanation

4. Test –look for the opposite of that consequence in order to disprove 2 → notpp q prejected OR rejected.

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Scientific attitudeSir George Paget Thomson, FRS (1892 – 1975)

1937 N b l L i Ph i f h i i l di f h diff i f l b 1937 Nobel Laureate in Physics for their experimental discovery of the diffraction of electrons by

crystals.

President of the Royal Society, London

If one tries to abstract what is common to the scientific method in all the sciences one finds indeed certain

obvious requirements, such as:

1. A detached attitude (impartial, unemotional)

2. A willingness to consider all reasonable possibilities,

3. A willingness to take pains to be exact where possible, and

4. Not to allow oneself to be unduly ( not in a right manner, improperly) affected by preconceived ideas.

(Source: Thomson, George 1961. The Inspiration of Science.)(Source: Thomson, George 1961. The Inspiration of Science.)

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1. A MATCH to give you a spark when you feel burned out.

Teacher’s Survival Kit (ยามยงชพของคร)

2. A KISS to remind you that you are loved.3. A RUBBER BAND to remind you to be flexible.4. SMARTIES to help you on the days you don’t feel so smart.5. A CLOTHESPIN to help you hang in there.6. A STARBURST for the times when you need a burst of energy.7. A BATTERY for those days you have to keep going, and going, and going.8. A BAG to help you keep it all together.9. A $100 bill to remind you that you are a member of a valuable profession.

10. A BANK DEPOSIT SLIP to remind you to make deposits on yourself as a teacher –because teachers continually make withdrawals. AND MOST IMPORTANT….

11. A CANDLE to remind you that every day you have a chance to illuminate a mind.

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