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ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE /

SYSTEMS ENGINEERING

PETER WEBB

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Why should Systems Engineers

be interested in

Enterprise Architecture?

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What is an Enterprise?

Organisation

Technology

People Processes

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What does an Enterprise do?

EnterpriseOrganisation

Technology

People Processes

CustomerSolutions

(Products / Services)

Creates and Delivers

Requirements

(User Needs)

Has

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Integrated

Enterprise

SUPPLIER

What about Enterprise Integration?

EnterpriseOrganisation

Technology

People Processes

EnterpriseOrganisation

Technology

People Processes

EnterpriseOrganisation

Technology

People Processes

EnterpriseOrganisation

Technology

People Processes

Integrated

Enterprise

CUSTOMER

Enterprise

Organisation

Technology

People Process

es

Enterprise

Organisation

Technology

People Process

es

Integrated

Enterprise

SOLUTION

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The Enterprise as a System

An enterprise has been described as a large complexsocio-technico-economic system. (Vernadat 95)

It can be modelled to facilitate Enterprise Inter- andIntra-organisational Integration (EI3).

Modelling creates an architecture that definesstructure and behaviour, capturing tacit knowledge.

An architecture framework is used to facilitate andguide the creation of architectures.

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Enterprise Modelling and Integration

Initiative on Enterprise Inter- and Intra-organizationIntegrationInternational Consensus (EI3-IC) International Conference on Enterprise Integration and

Modelling Technology (ICEIMT): 1992, 1997 and 2002

International Enterprise Modelling Conference (IEMC): 1999and joint with ICEIMT in 2002.

Supported by EC IST, IFIP-IFAC, ISO/EN Standards,Academia

Knowledge Management (KM) Community

Business Process Management Initiative (BPMI) Object Management Group (OMG)MDA

The Open Group - TOGAF

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The System as an Enterprise

(From BMTs EA/SE Approach)

Supporting Layers of Abstraction:

Capability or Market

Asset or Business Unit

System Context (Systems)

System Concept (Sub-Systems)

Logical Representation (Objects)

Physical Realisation (Components)

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UK MOD Lifecycle vs EA/SE Abstraction

UK MOD

Life-Cycle Stage

UK MOD Requirement /

Design Outputs

EA/SE Abstraction

Concept

Threat Responses

Outline URD

Capability / Market

Full URD

Outline SRD

Asset / Business Unit

Assessment

Full SRD

Outline System Architecture

System Context

Detail System Architecture

Preliminary Design

System Concept

Demonstration Detail Design

Outline Implementation

Logical

Representation

Manufacture Implemented Design Physical Realisation

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EA/SE Abstraction vs EA Frameworks

EA/SE Abstraction GERA Life-Cycle

Phase - ISO 15704 &

EN ISO 19439

Zachman (ZEAF)

Perspective

Capability / Market Identification Not addressed

Asset / Business Unit Concept Not Addressed

System Context System Requirements /

Definition

Scope

(Conceptual) - Planner

System Concept Preliminary (Functional)

Design

Enterprise Model

(Conceptual)Owner

Logical

Representation

Detailed Design System Model (Logical)

Designer

Physical Realisation Implementation Technology Model

(Physical) - Builder

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Zachman What How When Where Who Why

GERA

Views

Info Function - Orgn Resource -

SystemsEng

Input /Output

(Data)

Function Sequence Locn/Orgn

Jobs /Roles /

Skills

Stand-ards

etc

Behaviour Structure

EA/SE Foci (Interrogatives)

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Behaviour Structure

EA/SE

Abstraction

What How When Where Who Why

Capability

Asset

System

Context

System

Concept

Logical

Representation

Physical

Realisation

- Enterprise ModellingEA/SE Framework

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EM Languages, Methods and Tools

Currently various and disparate

Unified Enterprise Modelling Language (UEML)Project Aim to create a European consensus on a common EML

Initiated by EI3-IC ( ICEIMT / IEMC ) community.

An EC IST Project

GRAISoft (e-MAGIM), Computas (METIS), IPK (MO2GO)

CIMOSA, INRIA, Universities of Torino (I), Namur (B),Valencia (E)

Others ARIS

Various BPM tools

Popkin (System Architect)a generic, flexible tool

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Behaviour Structure

EA/SE

Abstraction

What How When Where Who Why

Capability

Asset

System

Context

System

Concept

Logical

Representation

Physical

Realisation

EA/SE - Structured vs OO

Complex behaviours

allocated to simple structures.

Structured - Function / Process / Activity Oriented

Simple behaviours

allocated to complex structures.

Object Oriented - UML

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EA/SE - Requirements

Output of analysis in each layer is an Architecture

description.

Architecture description:

Defines the context and provides input data for the analysisin the next layer;

Can be written as a coherent, consistent, complete and

correct requirement set.

Requirements can be written to address:

Function;

Performance;

Principle, Location, Existence.

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Summary: Why should Systems Engineers

be interested in Enterprise Architecture?

An enterprise is a large complex (socio-technico-

economic) system.

The enterprise modelling and integration community

are actively: researching the nature of enterprises

developing suitable modelling languages, methods and tools

Takes a holistic approach (Interrogatives).

Addresses lifecycle issues (Abstraction). Enables purpose to be traced to design.

Facilitates the justification of functionality and

performance.

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END

QUESTIONS?