A TEXTBOOK

OF

APPLIED MECHANICS

A TEXTBOOK

OF

APPLIED MECHANICS(Including Laboratory Practicals)

S.I. UNITS

By

R.K. RAJPUTM.E. (Heat Power Engg.) Hons.–Gold Medallist ; Grad. (Mech. Engg. & Elect. Engg.) ;

M.I.E. (India) ; M.S.E.S.I. ; M.I.S.T.E. ; C.E. (India)

Principal (Formerly),

Punjab College of Information TechnologyPATIALA (Punjab)

LAXMI PUBLICALAXMI PUBLICALAXMI PUBLICALAXMI PUBLICALAXMI PUBLICATITITITITIOOOOONS (P) LNS (P) LNS (P) LNS (P) LNS (P) LTDTDTDTDTDBANGALORE � CHENNAI � COCHIN � GUWAHATI � HYDERABAD

JALANDHAR � KOLKATA � LUCKNOW � MUMBAI � PATNA

RANCHI � NEW DELHI

Published by :

LAXMI PUBLICATIONS (P) LTD113, Golden House, Daryaganj,

New Delhi-110002Phone : 011-43 53 25 00

Fax : 011-43 53 25 28www.laxmipublications.cominfo@laxmipublications.com

© All rights reserved with the Publishers. No part of this publication maybe reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form orby any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwisewithout the prior written permission of the publisher.

Price : Rs. 250.00 Only. Third Edition: 2011

OFFICES

� Bangalore 080-26 75 69 30 � Kolkata 033-22 27 43 84� Chennai 044-24 34 47 26 � Lucknow 0522-220 99 16� Cochin 0484-237 70 04, 405 13 03 � Mumbai 022-24 91 54 15, 24 92 78 69� Guwahati 0361-251 36 69, 251 38 81 � Patna 0612-230 00 97� Hyderabad 040-24 65 23 33 � Ranchi 0651-221 47 64� Jalandhar 0181-222 12 72

EAM-0791-250-ATB APPLIED MECH-RAJ C—689/09/09Typeset at : Goswami Associates, Delhi Printed at : Mehra Offset Printer, Delhi

(v)

CONTENTS

Chapters Pages

INTRODUCTION TO S.I. UNITS AND CONVERSION FACTORS (i)–(v)

Part I—APPLIED MECHANICS—THEORY

1. BASIC CONCEPTS 3–8

1.1. Introduction to Mechanics ... 31.2. Basic Definitions ... 41.3. Rigid Body ... 51.4. Scalar and Vector Quantities ... 51.5. Fundamental Units and Derived Units ... 51.6. Systems of Units ... 6

Highlights ... 7Objective Type Questions ... 8Exercises ... 8

2. LAWS OF FORCES 9–50

2.1. Force ... 92.2. Units of Force ... 92.3. Characteristics of a Force ... 102.4. Representation of Forces ... 102.5. Classification of Forces ... 102.6. Force Systems ... 112.7. Free Body Diagrams ... 122.8. Transmissibility of a Force ... 132.9. Particle ... 142.10. Resultant Force ... 142.11. Component of a Force ... 142.12. Principle of Resolved Parts ... 152.13. Laws of Forces ... 152.14. Resultant of Several Coplanar Concurrent Forces ... 172.15. Equilibrium Conditions for Coplanar Concurrent Forces ... 272.16. Lami’s Theorem ... 27

Highlights ... 47Objective Type Questions ... 48Exercises ... 49Theoretical Questions ... 49Unsolved Examples ... 49

3. MOMENTS 51–86

3.1. Moments ... 513.2. Clockwise and Anti-clockwise Moments ... 52

3.3. Principle of Moments ... 523.4. Equilibrium Conditions for Bodies Under Coplanar

Non-concurrent Forces ... 533.5. Varignon’s Theorem ... 543.6. Parallel Forces ... 553.7. Graphical Method for Finding the Resultant of any Number of Like

or Unlike Parallel Forces ... 553.8. Couple ... 563.9. Properties of a Couple ... 573.10. Engineering Applications of Moments ... 583.11. Resultant of a Coplanar, Non-concurrent Non-parallel Force System ... 63

Highlights ... 82Objective Type Questions ... 82Exercises ... 83Theoretical Questions ... 83Unsolved Examples ... 83

4. CENTRE OF GRAVITY AND CENTROID 87–123

4.1. Centre of Gravity of a Body ... 874.2. Determination of Centre of Gravity ... 884.3. Centroid ... 884.4. Positions of Centroids of Plane Geometrical Figures ... 894.5. Positions of Centre of Gravity of Regular Solids ... 904.6. (a) Centroids of Composite Areas ... 914.6. (b) Centre of Gravity of Simple Solids ... 914.7. Areas and Volumes—Centroid Method ... 924.8. Centre of Gravity in a Few Simple Cases ... 93

Highlights ... 117Objective Type Questions ... 117Exercises ... 118Theoretical Questions ... 118Unsolved Examples ... 118

5. MOMENT OF INERTIA 124–150

5.1. Moment of Inertia ... 1245.2. Theorem of Parallel Axes ... 1265.3. Theorem of Perpendicular Axes ... 1265.4. Radius of Gyration of the Section ... 1275.5. Moment of Inertia of Laminae of Different Shapes ... 128

Highlights ... 146Objective Type Questions ... 147Exercises ... 147Theoretical Questions ... 147Unsolved Examples ... 147

(vi)

6. FRICTION 151–187

6.1. Concept of Friction ... 1516.2. Characteristics of Frictional Force ... 1526.3. Types of Friction ... 1526.4. Static and Dynamic Friction ... 1526.5. Limiting Friction ... 1536.6. Laws of Friction ... 1536.7. Angle of Friction ... 1546.8. Co-efficient of Friction ... 1546.9. Angle of Repose ... 1546.10. Cone of Friction ... 1556.11. Motion of Body on Horizontal Plane ... 1556.12. Motion up an Inclined Plane ... 1566.13. Motion Down an Inclined Plane ... 1576.14. Screw Friction ... 1726.15. Screw Jack ... 172

Highlights ... 184Objective Type Questions ... 185Exercises ... 185Theoretical Questions ... 185Unsolved Examples ... 186

7. RECTILINEAR MOTION 188–214

7.1. Concept of Motion ... 1887.2. Definitions ... 1887.3. Displacement-Time Graphs ... 1907.4. Velocity-Time Graphs ... 1907.5. Equations of Motion Under Uniform Acceleration ... 1917.6. Distance Covered in nth Second by a Body Moving with Uniform

Acceleration ... 1927.7. Motion Under Gravity ... 2017.8. Some Hints on the use of Equations of Motion ... 201

Highlights ... 211Objective Type Questions ... 212Exercises ... 213Theoretical Questions ... 213Unsolved Examples ... 213

8. LAWS OF MOTION 215–246

8.1. Introduction ... 2158.2. Momentum ... 2158.3. Newton’s First Law of Motion ... 2158.4. Newton’s Second Law of Motion ... 2158.5. Newton’s Third Law of Motion ... 2168.6. Gravitational and Absolute Units of Force ... 2178.7. Law of Conservation of Momentum ... 2188.8. Impulse and Impulsive Force ... 219

(vii)

8.9. D’alembert’s Principle ... 2278.10. Motion of a Lift ... 2288.11. Motion of two Bodies Connected by a String Passing over a Smooth Pulley ... 2308.12. Motion of two Bodies Connected at the Edge of a Horizontal Surface ... 2338.13. Motion of two Bodies Connected by a String One End of which is Hanging

Free and the other Lying on a Rough Inclined Plane ... 2378.14. Motion of Two Bodies Connected Over Rough Inclined Planes ... 240

Highlights ... 243Objective Type Questions ... 243Unsolved Examples ... 244

9. WORK, POWER AND ENERGY 247–268

9.1. Concept of Work ... 2479.2. Units of Work ... 2489.3. Graphical Representations of Work ... 2489.4. Power ... 2499.5. Law of Conservation of Energy ... 251

Highlights ... 265Objective Type Questions ... 266Unsolved Examples ... 267

10. SIMPLE MACHINES 269–308

10.1. General Concept of a Machine ... 26910.2. Important Definitions ... 26910.3. Relation between M.A., V.R. and η ... 27010.4. Concept of Friction in a Machine ... 27010.5. Condition for Reversibility of a Machine ... 27110.6. Non-reversible/Irreversible or Self-locking Machine ... 27210.7. Law of a Machine ... 27210.8. Maximum Mechanical Advantage and Efficiency ... 27310.9. Some Lifting Machines ... 28010.10. Simple Wheel and Axle ... 28110.11. Wheel and Differential Axle ... 28310.12. Pulleys ... 28510.13. Weston’s Differential Pulley Block ... 29210.14. Worm and Worm Wheel ... 29510.15. Single Purchase Crab Winch ... 29710.16. Double Purchase Crab Winch ... 30010.17. Simple Screw Jack ... 30310.18. Differential Screw Jack ... 303

Highlights ... 304Objective Type Questions ... 306Exercises ... 306Theoretical Questions ... 306Unsolved Examples ... 307

(viii)

11. CIRCULAR AND CURVILINEAR MOTION 309–330

11.1. Introduction and Definitions ... 30911.2. Equations of Angular Motion ... 31011.3. Equations of Linear Motion and Angular Motion ... 31111.4. Relation between Linear and Angular Motion ... 31111.5. Centrifugal and Centripetal Force ... 31211.6. Motion of a Cyclist Round a Curve ... 31711.7. Motion of a Vehicle on a Level Curved Path ... 31911.8. Motion of a Vehicle on a Banked Circular Track ... 32111.9. Super Elevation for Railways ... 324

Highlights ... 327Objective Type Questions ... 328Exercises ... 329Theoretical Questions ... 329Unsolved Examples ... 329

12. SIMPLE STRESSES AND STRAINS 331–366

12.1. Classification of Loads ... 33112.2. Stress ... 33112.3. Simple Stress ... 33212.4. Strain ... 33312.5. Hooke’s Law ... 33412.6. Mechanical Properties of Metals ... 33512.7. Tensile Test ... 33612.8. Strain Hardening (or Work Hardening) ... 34012.9. Poisson’s Ratio ... 34012.10. Relations between the Elastic Modulii ... 34112.11. Stresses Induced in Compound Ties or Struts ... 34412.12. Thermal Stresses and Strains ... 344

Highlights ... 360Objective Type Questions ... 361Theoretical Questions ... 363Unsolved Examples ... 363

Part II—EXPERIMENTSExperiment No. 1 ... 369Experiment No. 2 ... 371Experiment No. 3 ... 373Experiment No. 4 ... 375Experiment No. 5 ... 379Experiment No. 6 ... 381Experiment No. 7 ... 383Experiment No. 8 ... 385Experiment No. 9 ... 387Experiment No. 10 ... 389

(ix)

A Textbook of Applied Mechanics By R.K.Rajput

Publisher : Laxmi Publications ISBN : 9788131809051 Author : R.K. Rajput

Type the URL : http://www.kopykitab.com/product/3263

Get this eBook

40%OFF