A smooth Exit from Eternal Inflation

arxiv:1707.0772 (JHEP 04 (2018))

w/ Stephen Hawking

MG 15

Thomas Hertog

Institute for Theoretical PhysicsKU Leuven

Eternal Inflation

A mosaic of pocket universes

[A. Linde]

No-Boundary Proposal

Classical singularity

“The boundary condition of the universe is that it has no boundary.”

[Hawking, Pont. Ac. Sci.1982]

(3g,�)Time

No-Boundary Proposal“The boundary condition of the universe is that it has no boundary.”

[Hawking, Pont. Ac. Sci.1982]

(3g,�)TimeTime

[3g,�]<latexit sha1_base64="30+/HVTuPBhGNVRqY5tvNPW/j8Y=">AAAB93icbVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1o/GvXoZbEIHqQkKqi3ohePFYwtJLFstpt26WYTdjdCDf0lXjyoePWvePPfuP04aOuDgcd7M8zMizLOlHacb6u0tLyyulZer2xsbm1X7Z3de5XmklCPpDyV7Qgrypmgnmaa03YmKU4iTlvR4Hrstx6pVCwVd3qY0TDBPcFiRrA2UseuBk3FkP9w2jsOsj4LO3bNqTsToEXizkgNZmh27K+gm5I8oUITjpXyXSfTYYGlZoTTUSXIFc0wGeAe9Q0VOKEqLCaHj9ChUbooTqUpodFE/T1R4ESpYRKZzgTrvpr3xuJ/np/r+CIsmMhyTQWZLopzjnSKximgLpOUaD40BBPJzK2I9LHERJusKiYEd/7lReKd1C/rzu1ZrXE1S6MM+3AAR+DCOTTgBprgAYEcnuEV3qwn68V6tz6mrSVrNrMHf2B9/gAAGpI1</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="30+/HVTuPBhGNVRqY5tvNPW/j8Y=">AAAB93icbVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1o/GvXoZbEIHqQkKqi3ohePFYwtJLFstpt26WYTdjdCDf0lXjyoePWvePPfuP04aOuDgcd7M8zMizLOlHacb6u0tLyyulZer2xsbm1X7Z3de5XmklCPpDyV7Qgrypmgnmaa03YmKU4iTlvR4Hrstx6pVCwVd3qY0TDBPcFiRrA2UseuBk3FkP9w2jsOsj4LO3bNqTsToEXizkgNZmh27K+gm5I8oUITjpXyXSfTYYGlZoTTUSXIFc0wGeAe9Q0VOKEqLCaHj9ChUbooTqUpodFE/T1R4ESpYRKZzgTrvpr3xuJ/np/r+CIsmMhyTQWZLopzjnSKximgLpOUaD40BBPJzK2I9LHERJusKiYEd/7lReKd1C/rzu1ZrXE1S6MM+3AAR+DCOTTgBprgAYEcnuEV3qwn68V6tz6mrSVrNrMHf2B9/gAAGpI1</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="30+/HVTuPBhGNVRqY5tvNPW/j8Y=">AAAB93icbVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1o/GvXoZbEIHqQkKqi3ohePFYwtJLFstpt26WYTdjdCDf0lXjyoePWvePPfuP04aOuDgcd7M8zMizLOlHacb6u0tLyyulZer2xsbm1X7Z3de5XmklCPpDyV7Qgrypmgnmaa03YmKU4iTlvR4Hrstx6pVCwVd3qY0TDBPcFiRrA2UseuBk3FkP9w2jsOsj4LO3bNqTsToEXizkgNZmh27K+gm5I8oUITjpXyXSfTYYGlZoTTUSXIFc0wGeAe9Q0VOKEqLCaHj9ChUbooTqUpodFE/T1R4ESpYRKZzgTrvpr3xuJ/np/r+CIsmMhyTQWZLopzjnSKximgLpOUaD40BBPJzK2I9LHERJusKiYEd/7lReKd1C/rzu1ZrXE1S6MM+3AAR+DCOTTgBprgAYEcnuEV3qwn68V6tz6mrSVrNrMHf2B9/gAAGpI1</latexit>

Quantum smoothness

No-Boundary Proposal“The boundary condition of the universe is that it has no boundary.”

[Hartle and Hawking, PRD 1983]

(3g,�)TimeTime

NB [3g,�] ⇠ exp

��IE [

3g,�]/~�⇠ AeiS/~

<latexit sha1_base64="AK4LQrLR22WU3c9K/K3Z/hTfzMU=">AAACPXicbVDLShxBFK32EXWicTRLN4VDwICOPSqY7Iwi6CZM0I7CVNtU19yeLqx+UHU7ZGj6y7LJN7hz6caFittsU/OAxMeBgsM553LrnjBX0qDrXjsTk1PTb2Zm52pv5xfeLdaXlr+brNACPJGpTJ+H3ICSKXgoUcF5roEnoYKz8PJg4J/9AG1klp5iPwc/4b1URlJwtFJQ91jbyKD8ul/RzsV2b53lsfQpMzKhDH7mlCmIcG 3jOCgPq3+BTRaHXDMtezF+HIa/ULgo5cnIqIJ6w226Q9CXpDUmDTJGO6hfsW4migRSFIob02m5Ofol1yiFgqrGCgM5F5e8Bx1LU56A8cvh+RX9YJUujTJtX4p0qP4/UfLEmH4S2mTCMTbPvYH4mtcpMPrklzLNC4RUjBZFhaKY0UGXtCs1CFR9S7jQ0v6ViphrLtA2XrMltJ6f/JJ4W83PTffbTmNvf9zGLFkhq2SNtMgu2SNHpE08IsgvckPuyL3z27l1HpzHUXTCGc+8J0/g/PkLkUKt0A==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="AK4LQrLR22WU3c9K/K3Z/hTfzMU=">AAACPXicbVDLShxBFK32EXWicTRLN4VDwICOPSqY7Iwi6CZM0I7CVNtU19yeLqx+UHU7ZGj6y7LJN7hz6caFittsU/OAxMeBgsM553LrnjBX0qDrXjsTk1PTb2Zm52pv5xfeLdaXlr+brNACPJGpTJ+H3ICSKXgoUcF5roEnoYKz8PJg4J/9AG1klp5iPwc/4b1URlJwtFJQ91jbyKD8ul/RzsV2b53lsfQpMzKhDH7mlCmIcG 3jOCgPq3+BTRaHXDMtezF+HIa/ULgo5cnIqIJ6w226Q9CXpDUmDTJGO6hfsW4migRSFIob02m5Ofol1yiFgqrGCgM5F5e8Bx1LU56A8cvh+RX9YJUujTJtX4p0qP4/UfLEmH4S2mTCMTbPvYH4mtcpMPrklzLNC4RUjBZFhaKY0UGXtCs1CFR9S7jQ0v6ViphrLtA2XrMltJ6f/JJ4W83PTffbTmNvf9zGLFkhq2SNtMgu2SNHpE08IsgvckPuyL3z27l1HpzHUXTCGc+8J0/g/PkLkUKt0A==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="AK4LQrLR22WU3c9K/K3Z/hTfzMU=">AAACPXicbVDLShxBFK32EXWicTRLN4VDwICOPSqY7Iwi6CZM0I7CVNtU19yeLqx+UHU7ZGj6y7LJN7hz6caFittsU/OAxMeBgsM553LrnjBX0qDrXjsTk1PTb2Zm52pv5xfeLdaXlr+brNACPJGpTJ+H3ICSKXgoUcF5roEnoYKz8PJg4J/9AG1klp5iPwc/4b1URlJwtFJQ91jbyKD8ul/RzsV2b53lsfQpMzKhDH7mlCmIcG 3jOCgPq3+BTRaHXDMtezF+HIa/ULgo5cnIqIJ6w226Q9CXpDUmDTJGO6hfsW4migRSFIob02m5Ofol1yiFgqrGCgM5F5e8Bx1LU56A8cvh+RX9YJUujTJtX4p0qP4/UfLEmH4S2mTCMTbPvYH4mtcpMPrklzLNC4RUjBZFhaKY0UGXtCs1CFR9S7jQ0v6ViphrLtA2XrMltJ6f/JJ4W83PTffbTmNvf9zGLFkhq2SNtMgu2SNHpE08IsgvckPuyL3z27l1HpzHUXTCGc+8J0/g/PkLkUKt0A==</latexit>

early phase of inflation

A measure on inflation [Hartle, Hawking, TH, PRL 2008]

“The no-boundary wave function is peaked around inflationary universes. It explains why inflation started in the first place, with perturbations initially in their ground state.”

NB [3g,�] ⇠ exp

��IE [

3g,�]/~�⇠ AeiS/~

<latexit sha1_base64="AK4LQrLR22WU3c9K/K3Z/hTfzMU=">AAACPXicbVDLShxBFK32EXWicTRLN4VDwICOPSqY7Iwi6CZM0I7CVNtU19yeLqx+UHU7ZGj6y7LJN7hz6caFittsU/OAxMeBgsM553LrnjBX0qDrXjsTk1PTb2Zm52pv5xfeLdaXlr+brNACPJGpTJ+H3ICSKXgoUcF5roEnoYKz8PJg4J/9AG1klp5iPwc/4b1URlJwtFJQ91jbyKD8ul/RzsV2b53lsfQpMzKhDH7mlCmIcG 3jOCgPq3+BTRaHXDMtezF+HIa/ULgo5cnIqIJ6w226Q9CXpDUmDTJGO6hfsW4migRSFIob02m5Ofol1yiFgqrGCgM5F5e8Bx1LU56A8cvh+RX9YJUujTJtX4p0qP4/UfLEmH4S2mTCMTbPvYH4mtcpMPrklzLNC4RUjBZFhaKY0UGXtCs1CFR9S7jQ0v6ViphrLtA2XrMltJ6f/JJ4W83PTffbTmNvf9zGLFkhq2SNtMgu2SNHpE08IsgvckPuyL3z27l1HpzHUXTCGc+8J0/g/PkLkUKt0A==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="AK4LQrLR22WU3c9K/K3Z/hTfzMU=">AAACPXicbVDLShxBFK32EXWicTRLN4VDwICOPSqY7Iwi6CZM0I7CVNtU19yeLqx+UHU7ZGj6y7LJN7hz6caFittsU/OAxMeBgsM553LrnjBX0qDrXjsTk1PTb2Zm52pv5xfeLdaXlr+brNACPJGpTJ+H3ICSKXgoUcF5roEnoYKz8PJg4J/9AG1klp5iPwc/4b1URlJwtFJQ91jbyKD8ul/RzsV2b53lsfQpMzKhDH7mlCmIcG 3jOCgPq3+BTRaHXDMtezF+HIa/ULgo5cnIqIJ6w226Q9CXpDUmDTJGO6hfsW4migRSFIob02m5Ofol1yiFgqrGCgM5F5e8Bx1LU56A8cvh+RX9YJUujTJtX4p0qP4/UfLEmH4S2mTCMTbPvYH4mtcpMPrklzLNC4RUjBZFhaKY0UGXtCs1CFR9S7jQ0v6ViphrLtA2XrMltJ6f/JJ4W83PTffbTmNvf9zGLFkhq2SNtMgu2SNHpE08IsgvckPuyL3z27l1HpzHUXTCGc+8J0/g/PkLkUKt0A==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="AK4LQrLR22WU3c9K/K3Z/hTfzMU=">AAACPXicbVDLShxBFK32EXWicTRLN4VDwICOPSqY7Iwi6CZM0I7CVNtU19yeLqx+UHU7ZGj6y7LJN7hz6caFittsU/OAxMeBgsM553LrnjBX0qDrXjsTk1PTb2Zm52pv5xfeLdaXlr+brNACPJGpTJ+H3ICSKXgoUcF5roEnoYKz8PJg4J/9AG1klp5iPwc/4b1URlJwtFJQ91jbyKD8ul/RzsV2b53lsfQpMzKhDH7mlCmIcG 3jOCgPq3+BTRaHXDMtezF+HIa/ULgo5cnIqIJ6w226Q9CXpDUmDTJGO6hfsW4migRSFIob02m5Ofol1yiFgqrGCgM5F5e8Bx1LU56A8cvh+RX9YJUujTJtX4p0qP4/UfLEmH4S2mTCMTbPvYH4mtcpMPrklzLNC4RUjBZFhaKY0UGXtCs1CFR9S7jQ0v6ViphrLtA2XrMltJ6f/JJ4W83PTffbTmNvf9zGLFkhq2SNtMgu2SNHpE08IsgvckPuyL3z27l1HpzHUXTCGc+8J0/g/PkLkUKt0A==</latexit>

Phistories ⇠ A2[3g,�]<latexit sha1_base64="YmZJTZvCiehZpPpb+LzhyYLVaA0=">AAACCXicbVA9T8MwEHXKVylfAUYWQ4XEgKq0IAFbgYWxSIRWStLIcZ3GquNEtoNURZ1Z+CssDIBY+Qds/BvcNgO0POmkp/fudHcvSBmVyrK+jdLC4tLySnm1sra+sbllbu/cyyQTmNg4YYnoBEgSRjmxFVWMdFJBUBww0g4G12O//UCEpAm/U8OUeDHqcxpSjJSWfHO/5eeRXpMISuQIupLG8LLbgE73pH/sphH1fLNq1awJ4DypF6QKCrR888vtJTiLCVeYISmdupUqL0dCUczIqOJmkqQID1CfOJpyFBPp5ZNXRvBQKz0YJkIXV3Ci/p7IUSzlMA50Z4xUJGe9sfif52QqPPdyytNMEY6ni8KMQZXAcS6wRwXBig01QVhQfSvEERIIK51eRYdQn315ntiN2kXNuj2tNq+KNMpgDxyAI1AHZ6AJbkAL2ACDR/AMXsGb8WS8GO/Gx7S1ZBQzu+APjM8fXLGZmA==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="YmZJTZvCiehZpPpb+LzhyYLVaA0=">AAACCXicbVA9T8MwEHXKVylfAUYWQ4XEgKq0IAFbgYWxSIRWStLIcZ3GquNEtoNURZ1Z+CssDIBY+Qds/BvcNgO0POmkp/fudHcvSBmVyrK+jdLC4tLySnm1sra+sbllbu/cyyQTmNg4YYnoBEgSRjmxFVWMdFJBUBww0g4G12O//UCEpAm/U8OUeDHqcxpSjJSWfHO/5eeRXpMISuQIupLG8LLbgE73pH/sphH1fLNq1awJ4DypF6QKCrR888vtJTiLCVeYISmdupUqL0dCUczIqOJmkqQID1CfOJpyFBPp5ZNXRvBQKz0YJkIXV3Ci/p7IUSzlMA50Z4xUJGe9sfif52QqPPdyytNMEY6ni8KMQZXAcS6wRwXBig01QVhQfSvEERIIK51eRYdQn315ntiN2kXNuj2tNq+KNMpgDxyAI1AHZ6AJbkAL2ACDR/AMXsGb8WS8GO/Gx7S1ZBQzu+APjM8fXLGZmA==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="YmZJTZvCiehZpPpb+LzhyYLVaA0=">AAACCXicbVA9T8MwEHXKVylfAUYWQ4XEgKq0IAFbgYWxSIRWStLIcZ3GquNEtoNURZ1Z+CssDIBY+Qds/BvcNgO0POmkp/fudHcvSBmVyrK+jdLC4tLySnm1sra+sbllbu/cyyQTmNg4YYnoBEgSRjmxFVWMdFJBUBww0g4G12O//UCEpAm/U8OUeDHqcxpSjJSWfHO/5eeRXpMISuQIupLG8LLbgE73pH/sphH1fLNq1awJ4DypF6QKCrR888vtJTiLCVeYISmdupUqL0dCUczIqOJmkqQID1CfOJpyFBPp5ZNXRvBQKz0YJkIXV3Ci/p7IUSzlMA50Z4xUJGe9sfif52QqPPdyytNMEY6ni8KMQZXAcS6wRwXBig01QVhQfSvEERIIK51eRYdQn315ntiN2kXNuj2tNq+KNMpgDxyAI1AHZ6AJbkAL2ACDR/AMXsGb8WS8GO/Gx7S1ZBQzu+APjM8fXLGZmA==</latexit>

“Landscape of potentials” [Planck XXII 2013]

A Prior for Planck [TH, JCAP 2013]

| |2 / exp

✓⇡

4V (�i)

◆relative weighting of models sharp predictions

f

VHfLSlow roll inflation

⇤

[⇣] /Y

n

exp⇣� ✏

H2n3⇣2n

⌘

✏ � H2

classical roll

f

VHfL

Quantum

classical

[⇣] /Y

n

exp⇣� ✏

H2n3⇣2n

⌘

✏ H2

Eternal inflation

Eternal Inflation

Slow roll Eternal inflation

narrowly peaked broadly distributed

reheating surface

Time

f

VHfL

?

No Prior for Planck? [TH, JCAP 2013]

Does Ψ spread out evenly over all possible inflationary histories?

Eternal Inflation

Does Ψ spread out evenly over all possible inflationary histories?

AdS Gravity

Particle theory

Holography [Maldacena 1997; Witten 1998]

Can we use holography to define and evaluate the no-boundary wave function in eternal inflation?

[Horowitz & Maldacena ‘04; Hartle & TH ‘11;Anninos, Hartman, Strominger ‘12;..]

Holographic Cosmology

NB [3g,�] ! ZQFT [

3g̃, �̃]<latexit sha1_base64="B25M/XM83MKgreK7/swQWMD5j/Y=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="B25M/XM83MKgreK7/swQWMD5j/Y=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="B25M/XM83MKgreK7/swQWMD5j/Y=">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</latexit>

Lorentzian, inflating

Euclidean deformed de Sitter

Holographic Cosmology

(3g,�)t

it

NB [3g,�] ⇠ A(3g,�) exp(iS[3g,�]/~)

<latexit sha1_base64="gEqEZ7VTmE5qoltts8OqrppxSm8=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="gEqEZ7VTmE5qoltts8OqrppxSm8=">AAACKXicbVDLTgIxFO3gC/E16tJNIzGBxOCMmqg7wI0rg9EREmYknVKYhs4jbcdIJnyPG3/FDQtfW3/EAmNU8CRNTs45N7f3uBGjQhrGu5aZm19YXMou51ZW19Y39M2tWxHGHBMLhyzkDRcJwmhALEklI42IE+S7jNTd3vnIr98TLmgY3Mh+RBwfdQPaoRhJJbX0il0TtJVcVgeweXfU3bcjjzrQFtSHsAIL31IR2uQhggV6/ZM6sD0X8WJLzxslYww4S8yU5EGKWksf2u0Qxz4JJGZIiKZpRNJJEJcUMzLI2bEgEcI91CVNRQPkE+Ek41MHcE8pbdgJuXqBhGP190SCfCH6vquSPpKemPZG4n9eM5adUyehQRRLEuDJok7MoAzhqDfYppxgyfqKIMyp+ivEHuIIS9VuTpVgTp88S6zD0lnJuDrOl6tpG1mwA3ZBAZjgBJTBBagBC2DwCJ7BC3jVnrSh9qZ9TKIZLZ3ZBn+gfX4B78ekHw==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="gEqEZ7VTmE5qoltts8OqrppxSm8=">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</latexit>

[Hartle & TH, JHEP 2011]

Lorentzian, inflating

Euclidean deformed anti- de Sitter

Holographic Cosmology

(3g,�)t

it

NB [3g,�] ⇠ A(3g,�) exp(iS[3g,�]/~)

<latexit sha1_base64="gEqEZ7VTmE5qoltts8OqrppxSm8=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="gEqEZ7VTmE5qoltts8OqrppxSm8=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="gEqEZ7VTmE5qoltts8OqrppxSm8=">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</latexit>

[Hartle & TH, JHEP 2011]

Lorentzian, inflating

Euclidean deformed anti- de Sitter

Holographic Cosmology

(3g,�)t

Ψ “connects” Euclidean AdS and Lorentzian de Sitter

t̃<latexit sha1_base64="7XTYn8DQngLabluL3543Nq2KBm0=">AAAB73icbVBNS8NAEN3Ur1q/qh69LBbBU0lEUG9FLx4rGFtpQ9lsNu3S3U3YnQgl9Fd48aDi1b/jzX/jps1BWx8MPN6bYWZemApuwHW/ncrK6tr6RnWztrW9s7tX3z94MEmmKfNpIhLdDYlhgivmAwfBuqlmRIaCdcLxTeF3npg2PFH3MElZIMlQ8ZhTAlZ67AMXEcNQG9QbbtOdAS8TryQNVKI9qH/1o4RmkimgghjT89wUgpxo4FSwaa2fGZYSOiZD1rNUEclMkM8OnuITq0Q4TrQtBXim/p7IiTRmIkPbKQmMzKJXiP95vQziyyDnKs2AKTpfFGcCQ4KL73HENaMgJpYQqrm9FdMR0YSCzagIwVt8eZn4Z82rpnt33mhdl2lU0RE6RqfIQxeohW5RG/mIIome0St6c7Tz4rw7H/PWilPOHKI/cD5/AG+1j7M=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="7XTYn8DQngLabluL3543Nq2KBm0=">AAAB73icbVBNS8NAEN3Ur1q/qh69LBbBU0lEUG9FLx4rGFtpQ9lsNu3S3U3YnQgl9Fd48aDi1b/jzX/jps1BWx8MPN6bYWZemApuwHW/ncrK6tr6RnWztrW9s7tX3z94MEmmKfNpIhLdDYlhgivmAwfBuqlmRIaCdcLxTeF3npg2PFH3MElZIMlQ8ZhTAlZ67AMXEcNQG9QbbtOdAS8TryQNVKI9qH/1o4RmkimgghjT89wUgpxo4FSwaa2fGZYSOiZD1rNUEclMkM8OnuITq0Q4TrQtBXim/p7IiTRmIkPbKQmMzKJXiP95vQziyyDnKs2AKTpfFGcCQ4KL73HENaMgJpYQqrm9FdMR0YSCzagIwVt8eZn4Z82rpnt33mhdl2lU0RE6RqfIQxeohW5RG/mIIome0St6c7Tz4rw7H/PWilPOHKI/cD5/AG+1j7M=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="7XTYn8DQngLabluL3543Nq2KBm0=">AAAB73icbVBNS8NAEN3Ur1q/qh69LBbBU0lEUG9FLx4rGFtpQ9lsNu3S3U3YnQgl9Fd48aDi1b/jzX/jps1BWx8MPN6bYWZemApuwHW/ncrK6tr6RnWztrW9s7tX3z94MEmmKfNpIhLdDYlhgivmAwfBuqlmRIaCdcLxTeF3npg2PFH3MElZIMlQ8ZhTAlZ67AMXEcNQG9QbbtOdAS8TryQNVKI9qH/1o4RmkimgghjT89wUgpxo4FSwaa2fGZYSOiZD1rNUEclMkM8OnuITq0Q4TrQtBXim/p7IiTRmIkPbKQmMzKJXiP95vQziyyDnKs2AKTpfFGcCQ4KL73HENaMgJpYQqrm9FdMR0YSCzagIwVt8eZn4Z82rpnt33mhdl2lU0RE6RqfIQxeohW5RG/mIIome0St6c7Tz4rw7H/PWilPOHKI/cD5/AG+1j7M=</latexit>

[Hartle & TH, JHEP 2011]

Lorentzian, inflating

Euclidean deformed anti- de Sitter

Holographic Cosmology

(3g,�)t

A(3g,�) = exp(IregAdS [3g̃, �̃]/~)

<latexit sha1_base64="BSSSQz3Pk5zZyYZYP5oyWqpPhEs=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="BSSSQz3Pk5zZyYZYP5oyWqpPhEs=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="BSSSQz3Pk5zZyYZYP5oyWqpPhEs=">AAACKHicbVBLS0JBGJ1rL7OX1bLNkAQKYdcMqkWgtamdUabgvcrcuZ86OPfBzNxILv6dNv2VNgUVbvsljY9FaQcGDuecj2++44ScSWWaQyOxsLi0vJJcTa2tb2xupbd3HmQQCQpVGvBA1B0igTMfqoopDvVQAPEcDjWndzXya48gJAv8e9UPwfZIx2dtRonSUitdKuNss9g5tMIuy+ELC57C7E0rLrt3g2YsoDNoNIvYUoy7gHVqQkZh+8jqOkTkWumMmTfHwPOkMCUZNEWllX633IBGHviKciJlo2CGyo6JUIxyGKSsSEJIaI90oKGpTzyQdjy+dIAPtOLidiD08xUeq78nYuJJ2fccnfSI6spZbyT+5zUi1T6zY+aHkQKfTha1I45VgEe1YZcJoIr3NSFUMP1XTLtEEKp0uSldQmH25HlSPc6f583bk0zpctpGEu2hfZRFBXSKSugaVVAVUfSMXtEH+jRejDfjyxhOogljOrOL/sD4/gHX0qTR</latexit>

t̃<latexit sha1_base64="7XTYn8DQngLabluL3543Nq2KBm0=">AAAB73icbVBNS8NAEN3Ur1q/qh69LBbBU0lEUG9FLx4rGFtpQ9lsNu3S3U3YnQgl9Fd48aDi1b/jzX/jps1BWx8MPN6bYWZemApuwHW/ncrK6tr6RnWztrW9s7tX3z94MEmmKfNpIhLdDYlhgivmAwfBuqlmRIaCdcLxTeF3npg2PFH3MElZIMlQ8ZhTAlZ67AMXEcNQG9QbbtOdAS8TryQNVKI9qH/1o4RmkimgghjT89wUgpxo4FSwaa2fGZYSOiZD1rNUEclMkM8OnuITq0Q4TrQtBXim/p7IiTRmIkPbKQmMzKJXiP95vQziyyDnKs2AKTpfFGcCQ4KL73HENaMgJpYQqrm9FdMR0YSCzagIwVt8eZn4Z82rpnt33mhdl2lU0RE6RqfIQxeohW5RG/mIIome0St6c7Tz4rw7H/PWilPOHKI/cD5/AG+1j7M=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="7XTYn8DQngLabluL3543Nq2KBm0=">AAAB73icbVBNS8NAEN3Ur1q/qh69LBbBU0lEUG9FLx4rGFtpQ9lsNu3S3U3YnQgl9Fd48aDi1b/jzX/jps1BWx8MPN6bYWZemApuwHW/ncrK6tr6RnWztrW9s7tX3z94MEmmKfNpIhLdDYlhgivmAwfBuqlmRIaCdcLxTeF3npg2PFH3MElZIMlQ8ZhTAlZ67AMXEcNQG9QbbtOdAS8TryQNVKI9qH/1o4RmkimgghjT89wUgpxo4FSwaa2fGZYSOiZD1rNUEclMkM8OnuITq0Q4TrQtBXim/p7IiTRmIkPbKQmMzKJXiP95vQziyyDnKs2AKTpfFGcCQ4KL73HENaMgJpYQqrm9FdMR0YSCzagIwVt8eZn4Z82rpnt33mhdl2lU0RE6RqfIQxeohW5RG/mIIome0St6c7Tz4rw7H/PWilPOHKI/cD5/AG+1j7M=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="7XTYn8DQngLabluL3543Nq2KBm0=">AAAB73icbVBNS8NAEN3Ur1q/qh69LBbBU0lEUG9FLx4rGFtpQ9lsNu3S3U3YnQgl9Fd48aDi1b/jzX/jps1BWx8MPN6bYWZemApuwHW/ncrK6tr6RnWztrW9s7tX3z94MEmmKfNpIhLdDYlhgivmAwfBuqlmRIaCdcLxTeF3npg2PFH3MElZIMlQ8ZhTAlZ67AMXEcNQG9QbbtOdAS8TryQNVKI9qH/1o4RmkimgghjT89wUgpxo4FSwaa2fGZYSOiZD1rNUEclMkM8OnuITq0Q4TrQtBXim/p7IiTRmIkPbKQmMzKJXiP95vQziyyDnKs2AKTpfFGcCQ4KL73HENaMgJpYQqrm9FdMR0YSCzagIwVt8eZn4Z82rpnt33mhdl2lU0RE6RqfIQxeohW5RG/mIIome0St6c7Tz4rw7H/PWilPOHKI/cD5/AG+1j7M=</latexit>

[Hartle & TH, JHEP 2011]

Lorentzian, inflating

Euclidean dual field theory

Holographic Cosmology

(3g,�)t

[Hartle & TH, JHEP 2011]

ZQFT [3g̃, �̃] ! A(3g,�)

<latexit sha1_base64="LS/P/RFoMRWfaJYOjnaTgKB7+i4=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="LS/P/RFoMRWfaJYOjnaTgKB7+i4=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="LS/P/RFoMRWfaJYOjnaTgKB7+i4=">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</latexit>

Lorentzian, inflating

Euclidean dual field theory

Holographic Cosmology

(3g,�)Time

[Hartle & TH, JHEP 2011]

ZQFT [3g̃, �̃] ! A(3g,�)

<latexit sha1_base64="LS/P/RFoMRWfaJYOjnaTgKB7+i4=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="LS/P/RFoMRWfaJYOjnaTgKB7+i4=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="LS/P/RFoMRWfaJYOjnaTgKB7+i4=">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</latexit>

The partition function specifies the amplitude of different initial geometries 3g and field configurations.

Revisit eternal inflation; dual field theory at exit eternal inflation

f

VHfL

Toy model [Hawking & TH, JHEP 2018]

Quantum

classical

Toy model

Time

Exit surface

ZQFT [3g̃, �̃]

<latexit sha1_base64="v+BFaw+X+roUOOJfuPr3AZrHTtM=">AAACCXicbZDNSsNAFIUn/tb6F3XpZrQILqSkKqi7oiAuW2hsMYlhMpm0QyeTMDMRSujaja/ixoWKW9/AnW/jtM1CWw8MfJx7L3fuCVJGpbKsb2NufmFxabm0Ul5dW9/YNLe2b2WSCUxsnLBEdAIkCaOc2IoqRjqpICgOGGkH/atRvf1AhKQJb6lBSrwYdTmNKEZKW765B+/8vHndGjr3J66iLCSwe1SAm/aoB32zYlWtseAs1AqogEIN3/xywwRnMeEKMySlU7NS5eVIKIoZGZbdTJIU4T7qEkcjRzGRXj4+ZQgPtBPCKBH6cQXH7u+JHMVSDuJAd8ZI9eR0bWT+V3MyFZ17OeVppgjHk0VRxqBK4CgXGFJBsGIDDQgLqv8KcQ8JhJVOr6xDqE2fPAv2cfWiajVPK/XLIo0S2AX74BDUwBmogxvQADbA4BE8g1fwZjwZL8a78TFpnTOKmR3wR8bnD7zNmTk=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="v+BFaw+X+roUOOJfuPr3AZrHTtM=">AAACCXicbZDNSsNAFIUn/tb6F3XpZrQILqSkKqi7oiAuW2hsMYlhMpm0QyeTMDMRSujaja/ixoWKW9/AnW/jtM1CWw8MfJx7L3fuCVJGpbKsb2NufmFxabm0Ul5dW9/YNLe2b2WSCUxsnLBEdAIkCaOc2IoqRjqpICgOGGkH/atRvf1AhKQJb6lBSrwYdTmNKEZKW765B+/8vHndGjr3J66iLCSwe1SAm/aoB32zYlWtseAs1AqogEIN3/xywwRnMeEKMySlU7NS5eVIKIoZGZbdTJIU4T7qEkcjRzGRXj4+ZQgPtBPCKBH6cQXH7u+JHMVSDuJAd8ZI9eR0bWT+V3MyFZ17OeVppgjHk0VRxqBK4CgXGFJBsGIDDQgLqv8KcQ8JhJVOr6xDqE2fPAv2cfWiajVPK/XLIo0S2AX74BDUwBmogxvQADbA4BE8g1fwZjwZL8a78TFpnTOKmR3wR8bnD7zNmTk=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="v+BFaw+X+roUOOJfuPr3AZrHTtM=">AAACCXicbZDNSsNAFIUn/tb6F3XpZrQILqSkKqi7oiAuW2hsMYlhMpm0QyeTMDMRSujaja/ixoWKW9/AnW/jtM1CWw8MfJx7L3fuCVJGpbKsb2NufmFxabm0Ul5dW9/YNLe2b2WSCUxsnLBEdAIkCaOc2IoqRjqpICgOGGkH/atRvf1AhKQJb6lBSrwYdTmNKEZKW765B+/8vHndGjr3J66iLCSwe1SAm/aoB32zYlWtseAs1AqogEIN3/xywwRnMeEKMySlU7NS5eVIKIoZGZbdTJIU4T7qEkcjRzGRXj4+ZQgPtBPCKBH6cQXH7u+JHMVSDuJAd8ZI9eR0bWT+V3MyFZ17OeVppgjHk0VRxqBK4CgXGFJBsGIDDQgLqv8KcQ8JhJVOr6xDqE2fPAv2cfWiajVPK/XLIo0S2AX74BDUwBmogxvQADbA4BE8g1fwZjwZL8a78TFpnTOKmR3wR8bnD7zNmTk=</latexit>

R(3g) < 0<latexit sha1_base64="Su1Jcut+PKVND8soDv8pRBK+DYs=">AAAB8HicbVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1q/qh69LBahXkqiggoeil48VjG22May2W7apZtN2N0IIfRfePGg4tWf481/47bNQVsfDDzem2Fmnh9zprRtf1uFhcWl5ZXiamltfWNzq7y9c6+iRBLqkohHsuVjRTkT1NVMc9qKJcWhz2nTH16N/eYTlYpF4k6nMfVC3BcsYARrIz2g2+rjcf8QXdjdcsWu2ROgeeLkpAI5Gt3yV6cXkSSkQhOOlWo7dqy9DEvNCKejUidRNMZkiPu0bajAIVVeNrl4hA6M0kNBJE0JjSbq74kMh0qloW86Q6wHatYbi/957UQHZ17GRJxoKsh0UZBwpCM0fh/1mKRE89QQTCQztyIywBITbUIqmRCc2ZfniXtUO6/ZNyeV+mWeRhH2YB+q4MAp1OEaGuACAQHP8ApvlrJerHfrY9pasPKZXfgD6/MHZ0eO+A==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="Su1Jcut+PKVND8soDv8pRBK+DYs=">AAAB8HicbVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1q/qh69LBahXkqiggoeil48VjG22May2W7apZtN2N0IIfRfePGg4tWf481/47bNQVsfDDzem2Fmnh9zprRtf1uFhcWl5ZXiamltfWNzq7y9c6+iRBLqkohHsuVjRTkT1NVMc9qKJcWhz2nTH16N/eYTlYpF4k6nMfVC3BcsYARrIz2g2+rjcf8QXdjdcsWu2ROgeeLkpAI5Gt3yV6cXkSSkQhOOlWo7dqy9DEvNCKejUidRNMZkiPu0bajAIVVeNrl4hA6M0kNBJE0JjSbq74kMh0qloW86Q6wHatYbi/957UQHZ17GRJxoKsh0UZBwpCM0fh/1mKRE89QQTCQztyIywBITbUIqmRCc2ZfniXtUO6/ZNyeV+mWeRhH2YB+q4MAp1OEaGuACAQHP8ApvlrJerHfrY9pasPKZXfgD6/MHZ0eO+A==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="Su1Jcut+PKVND8soDv8pRBK+DYs=">AAAB8HicbVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1q/qh69LBahXkqiggoeil48VjG22May2W7apZtN2N0IIfRfePGg4tWf481/47bNQVsfDDzem2Fmnh9zprRtf1uFhcWl5ZXiamltfWNzq7y9c6+iRBLqkohHsuVjRTkT1NVMc9qKJcWhz2nTH16N/eYTlYpF4k6nMfVC3BcsYARrIz2g2+rjcf8QXdjdcsWu2ROgeeLkpAI5Gt3yV6cXkSSkQhOOlWo7dqy9DEvNCKejUidRNMZkiPu0bajAIVVeNrl4hA6M0kNBJE0JjSbq74kMh0qloW86Q6wHatYbi/957UQHZ17GRJxoKsh0UZBwpCM0fh/1mKRE89QQTCQztyIywBITbUIqmRCc2ZfniXtUO6/ZNyeV+mWeRhH2YB+q4MAp1OEaGuACAQHP8ApvlrJerHfrY9pasPKZXfgD6/MHZ0eO+A==</latexit>

R(3g) > 0<latexit sha1_base64="Pnr8WaBE4SlqcUHcLfQ1LsKwEN4=">AAAB8HicbVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1q/qh69LBahXkqignqRohePVYwttrFstpt26WYTdjdCCP0XXjyoePXnePPfuG1z0NYHA4/3ZpiZ58ecKW3b31ZhYXFpeaW4Wlpb39jcKm/v3KsokYS6JOKRbPlYUc4EdTXTnLZiSXHoc9r0h1djv/lEpWKRuNNpTL0Q9wULGMHaSA/otvp43D9EF3a3XLFr9gRonjg5qUCORrf81elFJAmp0IRjpdqOHWsvw1Izwumo1EkUjTEZ4j5tGypwSJWXTS4eoQOj9FAQSVNCo4n6eyLDoVJp6JvOEOuBmvXG4n9eO9HBmZcxESeaCjJdFCQc6QiN30c9JinRPDUEE8nMrYgMsMREm5BKJgRn9uV54h7Vzmv2zUmlfpmnUYQ92IcqOHAKdbiGBrhAQMAzvMKbpawX6936mLYWrHxmF/7A+vwBak+O+g==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="Pnr8WaBE4SlqcUHcLfQ1LsKwEN4=">AAAB8HicbVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1q/qh69LBahXkqignqRohePVYwttrFstpt26WYTdjdCCP0XXjyoePXnePPfuG1z0NYHA4/3ZpiZ58ecKW3b31ZhYXFpeaW4Wlpb39jcKm/v3KsokYS6JOKRbPlYUc4EdTXTnLZiSXHoc9r0h1djv/lEpWKRuNNpTL0Q9wULGMHaSA/otvp43D9EF3a3XLFr9gRonjg5qUCORrf81elFJAmp0IRjpdqOHWsvw1Izwumo1EkUjTEZ4j5tGypwSJWXTS4eoQOj9FAQSVNCo4n6eyLDoVJp6JvOEOuBmvXG4n9eO9HBmZcxESeaCjJdFCQc6QiN30c9JinRPDUEE8nMrYgMsMREm5BKJgRn9uV54h7Vzmv2zUmlfpmnUYQ92IcqOHAKdbiGBrhAQMAzvMKbpawX6936mLYWrHxmF/7A+vwBak+O+g==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="Pnr8WaBE4SlqcUHcLfQ1LsKwEN4=">AAAB8HicbVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1q/qh69LBahXkqignqRohePVYwttrFstpt26WYTdjdCCP0XXjyoePXnePPfuG1z0NYHA4/3ZpiZ58ecKW3b31ZhYXFpeaW4Wlpb39jcKm/v3KsokYS6JOKRbPlYUc4EdTXTnLZiSXHoc9r0h1djv/lEpWKRuNNpTL0Q9wULGMHaSA/otvp43D9EF3a3XLFr9gRonjg5qUCORrf81elFJAmp0IRjpdqOHWsvw1Izwumo1EkUjTEZ4j5tGypwSJWXTS4eoQOj9FAQSVNCo4n6eyLDoVJp6JvOEOuBmvXG4n9eO9HBmZcxESeaCjJdFCQc6QiN30c9JinRPDUEE8nMrYgMsMREm5BKJgRn9uV54h7Vzmv2zUmlfpmnUYQ92IcqOHAKdbiGBrhAQMAzvMKbpawX6936mLYWrHxmF/7A+vwBak+O+g==</latexit>

Toy model

Exit surface

ZQFT [3g̃, �̃]

<latexit sha1_base64="v+BFaw+X+roUOOJfuPr3AZrHTtM=">AAACCXicbZDNSsNAFIUn/tb6F3XpZrQILqSkKqi7oiAuW2hsMYlhMpm0QyeTMDMRSujaja/ixoWKW9/AnW/jtM1CWw8MfJx7L3fuCVJGpbKsb2NufmFxabm0Ul5dW9/YNLe2b2WSCUxsnLBEdAIkCaOc2IoqRjqpICgOGGkH/atRvf1AhKQJb6lBSrwYdTmNKEZKW765B+/8vHndGjr3J66iLCSwe1SAm/aoB32zYlWtseAs1AqogEIN3/xywwRnMeEKMySlU7NS5eVIKIoZGZbdTJIU4T7qEkcjRzGRXj4+ZQgPtBPCKBH6cQXH7u+JHMVSDuJAd8ZI9eR0bWT+V3MyFZ17OeVppgjHk0VRxqBK4CgXGFJBsGIDDQgLqv8KcQ8JhJVOr6xDqE2fPAv2cfWiajVPK/XLIo0S2AX74BDUwBmogxvQADbA4BE8g1fwZjwZL8a78TFpnTOKmR3wR8bnD7zNmTk=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="v+BFaw+X+roUOOJfuPr3AZrHTtM=">AAACCXicbZDNSsNAFIUn/tb6F3XpZrQILqSkKqi7oiAuW2hsMYlhMpm0QyeTMDMRSujaja/ixoWKW9/AnW/jtM1CWw8MfJx7L3fuCVJGpbKsb2NufmFxabm0Ul5dW9/YNLe2b2WSCUxsnLBEdAIkCaOc2IoqRjqpICgOGGkH/atRvf1AhKQJb6lBSrwYdTmNKEZKW765B+/8vHndGjr3J66iLCSwe1SAm/aoB32zYlWtseAs1AqogEIN3/xywwRnMeEKMySlU7NS5eVIKIoZGZbdTJIU4T7qEkcjRzGRXj4+ZQgPtBPCKBH6cQXH7u+JHMVSDuJAd8ZI9eR0bWT+V3MyFZ17OeVppgjHk0VRxqBK4CgXGFJBsGIDDQgLqv8KcQ8JhJVOr6xDqE2fPAv2cfWiajVPK/XLIo0S2AX74BDUwBmogxvQADbA4BE8g1fwZjwZL8a78TFpnTOKmR3wR8bnD7zNmTk=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="v+BFaw+X+roUOOJfuPr3AZrHTtM=">AAACCXicbZDNSsNAFIUn/tb6F3XpZrQILqSkKqi7oiAuW2hsMYlhMpm0QyeTMDMRSujaja/ixoWKW9/AnW/jtM1CWw8MfJx7L3fuCVJGpbKsb2NufmFxabm0Ul5dW9/YNLe2b2WSCUxsnLBEdAIkCaOc2IoqRjqpICgOGGkH/atRvf1AhKQJb6lBSrwYdTmNKEZKW765B+/8vHndGjr3J66iLCSwe1SAm/aoB32zYlWtseAs1AqogEIN3/xywwRnMeEKMySlU7NS5eVIKIoZGZbdTJIU4T7qEkcjRzGRXj4+ZQgPtBPCKBH6cQXH7u+JHMVSDuJAd8ZI9eR0bWT+V3MyFZ17OeVppgjHk0VRxqBK4CgXGFJBsGIDDQgLqv8KcQ8JhJVOr6xDqE2fPAv2cfWiajVPK/XLIo0S2AX74BDUwBmogxvQADbA4BE8g1fwZjwZL8a78TFpnTOKmR3wR8bnD7zNmTk=</latexit>

R(3g) < 0<latexit sha1_base64="Su1Jcut+PKVND8soDv8pRBK+DYs=">AAAB8HicbVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1q/qh69LBahXkqiggoeil48VjG22May2W7apZtN2N0IIfRfePGg4tWf481/47bNQVsfDDzem2Fmnh9zprRtf1uFhcWl5ZXiamltfWNzq7y9c6+iRBLqkohHsuVjRTkT1NVMc9qKJcWhz2nTH16N/eYTlYpF4k6nMfVC3BcsYARrIz2g2+rjcf8QXdjdcsWu2ROgeeLkpAI5Gt3yV6cXkSSkQhOOlWo7dqy9DEvNCKejUidRNMZkiPu0bajAIVVeNrl4hA6M0kNBJE0JjSbq74kMh0qloW86Q6wHatYbi/957UQHZ17GRJxoKsh0UZBwpCM0fh/1mKRE89QQTCQztyIywBITbUIqmRCc2ZfniXtUO6/ZNyeV+mWeRhH2YB+q4MAp1OEaGuACAQHP8ApvlrJerHfrY9pasPKZXfgD6/MHZ0eO+A==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="Su1Jcut+PKVND8soDv8pRBK+DYs=">AAAB8HicbVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1q/qh69LBahXkqiggoeil48VjG22May2W7apZtN2N0IIfRfePGg4tWf481/47bNQVsfDDzem2Fmnh9zprRtf1uFhcWl5ZXiamltfWNzq7y9c6+iRBLqkohHsuVjRTkT1NVMc9qKJcWhz2nTH16N/eYTlYpF4k6nMfVC3BcsYARrIz2g2+rjcf8QXdjdcsWu2ROgeeLkpAI5Gt3yV6cXkSSkQhOOlWo7dqy9DEvNCKejUidRNMZkiPu0bajAIVVeNrl4hA6M0kNBJE0JjSbq74kMh0qloW86Q6wHatYbi/957UQHZ17GRJxoKsh0UZBwpCM0fh/1mKRE89QQTCQztyIywBITbUIqmRCc2ZfniXtUO6/ZNyeV+mWeRhH2YB+q4MAp1OEaGuACAQHP8ApvlrJerHfrY9pasPKZXfgD6/MHZ0eO+A==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="Su1Jcut+PKVND8soDv8pRBK+DYs=">AAAB8HicbVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1q/qh69LBahXkqiggoeil48VjG22May2W7apZtN2N0IIfRfePGg4tWf481/47bNQVsfDDzem2Fmnh9zprRtf1uFhcWl5ZXiamltfWNzq7y9c6+iRBLqkohHsuVjRTkT1NVMc9qKJcWhz2nTH16N/eYTlYpF4k6nMfVC3BcsYARrIz2g2+rjcf8QXdjdcsWu2ROgeeLkpAI5Gt3yV6cXkSSkQhOOlWo7dqy9DEvNCKejUidRNMZkiPu0bajAIVVeNrl4hA6M0kNBJE0JjSbq74kMh0qloW86Q6wHatYbi/957UQHZ17GRJxoKsh0UZBwpCM0fh/1mKRE89QQTCQztyIywBITbUIqmRCc2ZfniXtUO6/ZNyeV+mWeRhH2YB+q4MAp1OEaGuACAQHP8ApvlrJerHfrY9pasPKZXfgD6/MHZ0eO+A==</latexit>

R(3g) > 0<latexit sha1_base64="Pnr8WaBE4SlqcUHcLfQ1LsKwEN4=">AAAB8HicbVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1q/qh69LBahXkqignqRohePVYwttrFstpt26WYTdjdCCP0XXjyoePXnePPfuG1z0NYHA4/3ZpiZ58ecKW3b31ZhYXFpeaW4Wlpb39jcKm/v3KsokYS6JOKRbPlYUc4EdTXTnLZiSXHoc9r0h1djv/lEpWKRuNNpTL0Q9wULGMHaSA/otvp43D9EF3a3XLFr9gRonjg5qUCORrf81elFJAmp0IRjpdqOHWsvw1Izwumo1EkUjTEZ4j5tGypwSJWXTS4eoQOj9FAQSVNCo4n6eyLDoVJp6JvOEOuBmvXG4n9eO9HBmZcxESeaCjJdFCQc6QiN30c9JinRPDUEE8nMrYgMsMREm5BKJgRn9uV54h7Vzmv2zUmlfpmnUYQ92IcqOHAKdbiGBrhAQMAzvMKbpawX6936mLYWrHxmF/7A+vwBak+O+g==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="Pnr8WaBE4SlqcUHcLfQ1LsKwEN4=">AAAB8HicbVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1q/qh69LBahXkqignqRohePVYwttrFstpt26WYTdjdCCP0XXjyoePXnePPfuG1z0NYHA4/3ZpiZ58ecKW3b31ZhYXFpeaW4Wlpb39jcKm/v3KsokYS6JOKRbPlYUc4EdTXTnLZiSXHoc9r0h1djv/lEpWKRuNNpTL0Q9wULGMHaSA/otvp43D9EF3a3XLFr9gRonjg5qUCORrf81elFJAmp0IRjpdqOHWsvw1Izwumo1EkUjTEZ4j5tGypwSJWXTS4eoQOj9FAQSVNCo4n6eyLDoVJp6JvOEOuBmvXG4n9eO9HBmZcxESeaCjJdFCQc6QiN30c9JinRPDUEE8nMrYgMsMREm5BKJgRn9uV54h7Vzmv2zUmlfpmnUYQ92IcqOHAKdbiGBrhAQMAzvMKbpawX6936mLYWrHxmF/7A+vwBak+O+g==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="Pnr8WaBE4SlqcUHcLfQ1LsKwEN4=">AAAB8HicbVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1q/qh69LBahXkqignqRohePVYwttrFstpt26WYTdjdCCP0XXjyoePXnePPfuG1z0NYHA4/3ZpiZ58ecKW3b31ZhYXFpeaW4Wlpb39jcKm/v3KsokYS6JOKRbPlYUc4EdTXTnLZiSXHoc9r0h1djv/lEpWKRuNNpTL0Q9wULGMHaSA/otvp43D9EF3a3XLFr9gRonjg5qUCORrf81elFJAmp0IRjpdqOHWsvw1Izwumo1EkUjTEZ4j5tGypwSJWXTS4eoQOj9FAQSVNCo4n6eyLDoVJp6JvOEOuBmvXG4n9eO9HBmZcxESeaCjJdFCQc6QiN30c9JinRPDUEE8nMrYgMsMREm5BKJgRn9uV54h7Vzmv2zUmlfpmnUYQ92IcqOHAKdbiGBrhAQMAzvMKbpawX6936mLYWrHxmF/7A+vwBak+O+g==</latexit>

Holographic Measure

0 5 10 15 20 25 30A

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

1

�Z �2

[Bobev, TH, Vreys 2017; Anninos, Denef, Harlow 2013; Hartnoll & Kumar 2006]P(A)

Large fluctuations suppressed. No significant spreading.

A general argument

On constant density surfaces with

one expects [Witten (‘99)]

because

where the action includes a conformal coupling term Rφ2.

Z(h) ! 1

R(h) < 0

ZQFT [3g̃, �̃] = hexp

Zd3x

pg̃�̃Oi

A general argument

On constant density surfaces with

one expects [Witten (‘99)]

because

where the action includes a conformal coupling term Rφ2.

Since

this means the holographic measure strongly suppresses large deformations.

Z(h) ! 1

R(h) < 0

| HH(h,�)| = Z�1QFT

(h̃, �̃)

ZQFT [3g̃, �̃] = hexp

Zd3x

pg̃�̃Oi

Holography indicates the exit from eternal inflation gives a reasonably smooth big bang

A smooth exit

[Hawking & TH (‘18)]

Conclusion:

• The exit from eternal inflation is the birth of a classical universe.

• A reliable theory of eternal inflation must be based on quantum cosmology and should provide a prior sharpening the predictions of slow roll inflation

• The usual account of eternal inflation gives rise to a fractal-like `multiverse’ on the largest scales

• We have put forward a novel, holographic description of eternal inflation which appears to predict a smooth big bang

• Implications of holographic cosmology on observable scales?