a simplified version of the day-star extra saturday ... · the first fruits – of the new life 26...

3

A simplified version of

THE DAY-STAR EXTRA

Saturday, February 7, 1846

which contained

The article on the sanctuary

by

O. R. L. Crozier

* * * * *

1st edition June 1999 ISBN 1-877158-51-8

2nd edition December 2011

With paraphrase notes

This edition June 2013

4

In this edition

Bible references have been added where needed,

and all the text modernised for easier understanding.

The spelling errors in the original printing

and the factual mistakes have also been corrected.

All the emphasis has been added (or retained) by the editor of this new version, as

he sees fit.

This article naturally contains the understanding that the compiler sees in Crozier’s

words, and therefore we recommend that you eventually read the original for

yourself so that you can compare them. To help in this we have inserted notes

which indicate approximately the page in the original publication which is being

rewritten. Where we have inserted a clearer or extra thought we have often put it in

a smaller font and square brackets [like this].

THE GOSPEL INFORMATION SERVICE

P. O. Box 146, Waihi. 3641. NEW ZEALAND.

Our aim: To enable everyone everywhere

to read and understand the Bible for themselves.

June 2013

© Duplication and distribution of this book is encouraged. Internet: http://NonConformist-MyChurch.org

Email: [email protected]

http://nonconformist-mychurch.org/

mailto:[email protected]

5

The shadow tabernacle

in the wilderness

6

CONTENTS

Section heading

The

Simplified

version

The

Original

version

Prologue 9 -

Prologue and Preface from the 1st edition 13 5

The Law of Moses 21 13

The legal types and antitypes 23 17

The Passover – the rebirth 24 18

The Feast of Unleavened Bread - education 25 19

The First Fruits – of the new life 26 20

The Feast of Weeks (Pentecost) –power to witness 26 20

The sanctuary – the plan of redemption 27 23

The priesthood of Christ – and the believers 33 32

The atonement – the judgment 36 37

The leper (= the sinner with inward sin) 37 38

The individual atonement - forgiveness 39 40

The national atonement – the cleansing 41 42

The anti-types – the spiritual realities 44 49

7

Entering the second apartment – for the judgment 46 51

The atonement made at Calvary 48 55

The Age to come – the millennium 50 59

The cleansing of the sanctuary – the removal of sins 54 64

The scapegoat – the destination of the forgiven sins 57 69

The transition – from the old to the new 60 74

The overlapping – two at once 62 77

A further letter on the autumn types 66 83

The memorial of trumpets – the warnings 66 84

The trumpet of the Jubilee – the last trump 67 85

The Jubilee year – the restoration 67 85

The feast of tabernacles – the 1,000 years 68 87

Epilogue 71 -

Appendix A – some details of the services 77 89

Appendix B – the feasts of the LORD 90 103

Appendix C – the Passover ritual 94 107

8

What Solomon’s temple may have looked like.

9

Prologue

In his article Crozier revealed some major new points of doctrine for that time 1

which, if accepted, would have led the small group of Adventists who had survived 2

the Great Disappointments of 1843 and 1844, in to the NEW world very quickly. 3

Some of the new doctrines were: 4

1. The sanctuary of the new covenant is in heaven and we are to attend it by 5

faith, knowing what our High Priest has already done, and learning what He is 6

going to do, from the old covenant sanctuary. 7

2. The rituals of the old covenant earthly sanctuary pictured spiritual events, 8

some of which have begun, and others which are yet to be fulfilled. 9

3. These events took only a day (or a few days) in the earthly type, but in the 10

spiritual fulfilments have, and will, occupy many years during the Gospel and 11

subsequent Dispensations! 12

4. Bible history is divided into Dispensations (periods of time containing 13

certain activities), and these periods overlap each other, so that while one is 14

finishing another is beginning. This explains why some periods in the future can be 15

confusing. One major overlap (apart from the transformation from the Jewish to 16

the Christian period), is the change from the daily to the yearly sections of the 17

sanctuary rituals. In the spiritual system both can operate at the same time! 18

Another is the changeover from the Gospel Dispensation to the sounding of the 19

trumpet of the 7th angel. Revelation 11:15. 20

5. The sanctuary in heaven (in the New Jerusalem) needs to be “cleansed” 21

before the Second Advent. After that, the “host” of God’s people will still be 22

persecuted as part of the prophecy of Daniel 8:13-14. 23

6. He also makes the point early in his article that the Old and the New 24

Covenants are not the same as the everlasting covenant. All are founded on the 25

“This do and live” principle, for the two later ones are performance based, with the 26

Old requiring a Passover and animal sacrifices, and the New needing baptism and 27

the LORD’s supper. (Leviticus 18:5; Luke 10:28.) But this also applies to the 28

everlasting covenant which has need of the exercise of faith in a Creator who can 29

do what He says He will do, including the new birth. (Genesis 15:6.) 30

10

It will become apparent as you read that the church has actively accepted some of 1

these doctrines, neglected others, and even rejected some in favour of old 2

Protestant ideas, one of which Crozier meets head on!! Because of this, we have 3

been “wandering in the wilderness” and will continue to do so until we accept all. 4

This is not say that Crozier was 100% correct in all his ideas, but he was so far in 5

advance of the Bible scholars of his day that what he did have could have changed 6

Christian history, or at the very least SDA history. 7

We are told:

“The Lord shew [showed] me in vision, more than one year ago, that Brother Crozier 8

had the true light, on the cleansing of the sanctuary, &c; and that it was his will, 9

that Brother C. should write out the view which he gave us in the Day-Star, Extra, 10

February 7, 1846. 11

“I feel fully authorized by the Lord, to recommend that Extra, to every saint”. 12

A Word to the Little Flock, Page 12.

11

From this to this

And then where?

12

Behold, I will send you Elijah the prophet

before the coming of the great and dreadful

day of the LORD:

and he shall turn the heart of the fathers to

the children, and the heart of the children to

their fathers,

lest I come and smite the earth with a curse.

Malachi 4:5-6

13

Inserted

Prologue and Preface from the 2nd

edition

This is probably the most important book written to Seventh-day Adventists 1

apart from the writings of Ellen G. White. 2

Have you ever heard of it? 3

Or of him? 4

In Early Writings, pages xvii, xviii, and xix in the Historical Prologue contain 5

the following:- 6

Two groups of Adventists

“At first only a few were identified with this group who were moving forward 7

in advancing light. By the year 1846 they reckoned their number as about fifty.” 8

“The larger group who turned from confidence in the fulfillment of prophecy in 9

1844 numbered approximately thirty thousand. Their leaders came together in 10

1845 in a conference in Albany, New York, April 29 to May 1, at which time 11

they restudied their positions. By formal action they went on record as warning 12

against those who claim “special illumination”, those who teach “Jewish fables” 13

and those who establish “new tests” (Advent Herald, May 14, 1845). Thus they 14

closed the door to the light on the Sabbath and the Spirit of Prophecy. They 15

were confident that prophecy had not been fulfilled in 1844, and some set time 16

for the termination of the 2300-day period in the future. Various times were set, 17

but one after another they passed away . . . “ 18

Dawn on the light of the sanctuary

“But we must now turn back to those who tenaciously clung to their confidence 19

that prophecy had been fulfilled on October 22, 1844, and who with open minds 20

and hearts stepped forward into the Sabbath and the sanctuary truths as the light 21

of heaven illuminated their pathway. These people were not localized in any 22

one place but were individuals or very small groups here and there throughout 23

the north central and north-eastern part of the United States.” 24

“Hiram Edson, one of this group, lived in central New York State at Port 25

Gibson. He was the leader of the Adventists in that area. The believers met in 26

his home on October 22, 1844, to await the coming of the Lord. 27

Calmly and patiently they awaited the great event. But as the hour of midnight 28

came and they realized the day of expectation had passed, it became clear that 29

Jesus would not come as soon as they had thought. It was a time of bitter 30

14

disappointment. In the early morning hours Hiram Edson and a few others went 1

out to his barn to pray, and as they prayed, he felt assured that light would 2

come.” 3

“A little later, as Edson and a friend were crossing a cornfield to visit fellow 4

Adventists, it seems as if a hand touched his shoulder. He looked up to see - as 5

if in a vision - the heavens opened, and Christ in the heavenly sanctuary 6

entering into the most holy place, there to begin a work of ministry in behalf of 7

His people, instead of coming forth from the most holy place to cleanse the 8

world with fire, as they had taught. Careful Bible study by Hiram Edson; 9

F. B. Hahn, a physician; and O. R. L. Crozier, a schoolteacher, soon revealed 10

that the sanctuary to be cleansed at the end of the 2300 years was not the earth 11

but the tabernacle in heaven, with Christ ministering in our behalf in the most 12

holy place. The mediatorial work of Christ answered to the “hour of God's 13

judgment” call sounded in the message of the first angel (Rev. 14:6,7). Mr. 14

Crozier, the schoolteacher, wrote the findings of the study group. 15

These were printed locally, and then in a fuller form in an Adventist journal 16

known as the Day-Star, published in Cincinnati, Ohio. A special number dated 17

February 7, 1846, was devoted entirely to this Bible study on the question of the 18

sanctuary.” 19

Truths Confirmed by Vision

”While this study was in progress, and before their work was made known, far 20

to the east in the State of Maine, a vision was given to Ellen Harmon in which 21

she was shown the transfer of the ministry of Christ from the holy place to the 22

most holy place at the end of the 2300 days. The record of this vision is found in 23

Early Writings, pages 54-56 . . .” 24

15

PREFACE

This article, “The Sanctuary”, by O. R. L. Crozier, was originally printed in the 1

Day-Star Extra newspaper on 7 February, 1846. Regarding it, Ellen White 2

wrote in a letter to Eli Curtis on 21 April, 1847: 3

“I believe the Sanctuary, to be cleansed at the end of the 2300 days, is the 4

New Jerusalem Temple, of which Christ is a minister. The Lord shew [showed] 5

me in vision, more than one year ago, that Brother Crozier had the true light, on 6

the cleansing of the Sanctuary, &c; and that it was his will, that Brother C. 7

should write out the view which he gave us in the Day-Star, Extra, February 7, 8

1846. I feel fully authorized by the Lord, to recommend that Extra, to every 9

saint”. A Word to the Little Flock, Page 12. 10

His thoughts on the overlapping of the dispensations will, no doubt, be of great 11

interest to present-day students of the Bible. Also his comments on the 12

atonement being completed at the cross. 13

The Day-Star was a weekly paper published by E. Jacobs, and although Crozier 14

was a regular contributor to the paper this article was considered so important 15

that an extra edition was used for its publication. In this printing the Bible 16

quotes have been italicized and the abbreviated references used have been 17

changed to give the full name of each Bible book. The smaller size words in 18

square brackets have been added by the compiler, but the words in the curved 19

brackets are in the original. All emphasis is in the original. Also the long 20

paragraphs in the article have been broken into smaller ones for easier reading. 21

Some obvious spelling mistakes have been corrected. Crozier corrected many 22

mistakes made in the original printing in a later letter. 23

A letter from Crozier explaining his thoughts on the “autumnal types” is also 24

included. In reference to these types EGW wrote: 25

“Arguments drawn from the Old Testament types also pointed to the autumn 26

as the time when the event represented by the ‘cleansing of the sanctuary’ must 27

take place . . . These types [those of the spring, March/April] were fulfilled, 28

not only as to the event, but as to the time . . . In like manner the types 29

which relate to the second advent must be fulfilled at the time pointed out in the 30

symbolic service [September/October].” 31

The Great Controversy, pages 399-40.

16

And in another place: 1

“In the prophecies the future is opened before us as plainly as it was opened 2

to the disciples by the words of Christ. The events connected with the close of 3

probation and the work of preparation for the time of trouble, are clearly 4

presented . . . He [the Christian] has a chart pointing out every waymark on the 5

heavenward journey, and he ought not to guess at anything.” 6

The Great Controversy, pages 594 and 598.

The word “dispensation” as used in this book indicates a period of time or the 7

granting of a special attribute of God. For instance, there are:- 8

The Dispensation of the Fullness of Times ...... Eph 1:10

the Dispensation of Grace .............................. Eph 3:2

the Gospel Dispensation ................................ 1 Cor 9:17

the Dispensation of God ................................ Col 1:25

every dispensation from Adam ...................... 4T 476

the Old Testament Dispensation ................... 7BC 953

the Mosaic Dispensation ................……....... AA 189

the Jewish Dispensation ................................ GC 324

the New Testament Dispensation .................. 7BC 953

the Christian Dispensation ............................ 6BC 1061

the Gospel Dispensation ............................... 7BC 971

the Dispensation of Mercy ............................. DA 243

the Dispensation of the Holy Spirit ................ TM 511

Dispensations overlap by various time-periods

“The restoration of the Spirit is the covenant of grace”. ST August 7, 1901.

17

What this book is about.

A very brief résumé

Owen R. L. Crozier was one of the first Seventh-day 1

Adventists to recognise that there was a sanctuary in 2

heaven and that Jesus had moved into the second 3

apartment of it on 22 Oct 1844. 4

His book was endorsed by EGW as recommended by God 5

for every Seventh-day Adventist to read. 6

In the book he lays out three major truths. 7

The first section of the book explains that the “law of Moses”, the ceremonies 8

of the Old Testament were in fact, acted-out prophecies of the work of Jesus on 9

earth and in heaven. 10

He divides the sanctuary service into TWO major portions. 11

The first, occupied the early part of the year and is called the spring or “vernal” 12

types. They began in the early part of the gospel “dispensation” and have been 13

operating in the 1,844 years since Calvary. BUT THEY ARE ALSO TO 14

CONTINUE ON INTO THE LATTER YEARS until the close of probation for 15

the world just before the second coming. 16

The second portion of the ceremonies are called autumn types, and they did not 17

commence until 1844, but they will continue on until AFTER the second 18

coming and right up to the earth made new after the lake of fire. This view 19

harmonises well with the understanding that there are two rooms in the 20

heavenly sanctuary which have two different functions. 21

Crozier then allocates quite a few pages to proving that the “sanctuary” is not 22

the earth as was commonly believed in his day, but is an actual building in 23

heaven in which Jesus operates as a high priest. He made the point that the Day 24

of Atonement ceremony pointed forward to a heavenly event which will 25

CONTINUE INTO THE THOUSAND YEARS OF REVELATION 20. 26

The second major truth he presents is that the various dispensations into 27

which the history of the Bible is divided OVERLAP EACH OTHER. There is 28

no abrupt movement from one to another, and in the case of the end of the 29

Jewish dispensation and the beginning of the Christian, there was an overlap 30

period of seven years. This was the last period of Daniel 9:27. 31

Likewise, in the changeover from “the gospel dispensation” at the close of 32

probation for the world, and the beginning of “the dispensation of the fullness of 33

18

times”, (which began in October 1844), there is/was a similar period but not 1

necessarily the same length. 2

THAT PERIOD HAS NOW LASTED 156 YEARS (2000)–167 years (2011) 3

This overlap explains why Jesus on earth sometimes held rigidly to the old ways 4

and at other times moved in union with the Christian era. He knew that He was 5

operating in both dispensations. This is highlighted by such actions as sending 6

lepers to be examined by the priests and to make suitable offerings in the 7

temple. At the same time, He ordained twelve men as leaders in the new branch 8

of His church and taught them to move on from the Old Testament rituals. 9

Crozier sees the 1,000 years as a time of cleansing (learning?) AFTER THE 10

PEOPLE OF GOD ARE SINLESS AND RESURRECTED. 11

He spends some time proving that the scapegoat could not be Jesus but is 12

actually a type of Satan, and clearly shows that he is not destroyed at the second 13

coming but left to wander the wilderness earth during the 1,000 years. 14

The third point he makes is that the “host” (God’s people) are still to suffer 15

persecution in “the last end of the indignation” AFTER the sanctuary is 16

cleansed. This includes the period of the seven last plagues. 17

It is important to realise that this was the first in-depth understanding of the 18

heavenly sanctuary and its prophecies that God had ever been able to give to 19

His people since the time of Calvary. Because of this we may expect that we 20

may not agree with some of his statements and conclusions, but this should not 21

alter the main points. See Appendix A, page 89 in which we have supplied 22

some newer details regarding the sacrificial offerings. 23

If you have any problems understanding any of this book please contact us and 24

we will endeavour to help you out. If you do contact us we will only answer 25

your direct questions and promise not to bother you with any other material. 26

oooOooo

19

The Sanctuary

and

The Law of Moses

by

O. R. L. Crozier

20

A covenant (Editor’s note)

A covenant is an agreement in which two or more parties agree to do certain 1

things, often for a specified time. 2

The 1st (or old) covenant was the agreement between the LORD and the 3

Hebrews/Jews that they would show their faith and understanding by observing 4

certain rituals and animal sacrifices. It lasted from Moses’ time (c. 1500BC) to 5

the stoning of Stephen in 34AD. 6

The 2nd

(or new) covenant was the agreement between the LORD and the 7

Christians that they would show their faith and understanding by baptism and 8

the LORD’s supper. It is to last from the baptism of Christ in 27AD till the 9

Close of Probation. 10

The everlasting (or perpetual) covenant is the agreement made between the 11

LORD and ANYONE who will allow Him to change their heart and show that 12

experience by keeping the Ten Commandments. It began in the Garden of Eden 13

with Adam and Eve, and will last until the resurrection and translation of the 14

righteous. 15

The basis for all three of the covenants was that God promised to write His law 16

in the hearts of those who accepted the conditions. 17

21

The following is based on page 13 of the original:

The Law of Moses

“Remember you the Law of Moses My servant, which I commanded to him 1

in Horeb [Mt. Sinai] for all Israel, with the statutes and judgments”. 2

Malachi 4:4. 3

This verse is one of the last texts in the Old Testament, and because it is connected 4

with the words “the great and dreadful day of the LORD” (verse 5), it implies that 5

the Law of Moses (the ceremonial rituals of old Israel), contains things that will 6

help us understand that day. We should remember that Jesus Himself taught from 7

“Moses and the prophets”. Luke 16:31. 8

The following is based on page 14:

The Law of Moses is what Paul calls The First Covenant, and it was given to the 9

Hebrew people when the Son of God “took them by the hand, to lead them out of 10

the land of Egypt”. Hebrews 8:9. See also Jeremiah 31:32 and 1 Kings 8:9. 11

This was NOT the covenant made with Abraham, nor does it affect that. 12

[That is called The Everlasting Covenant.] 13

The covenant of promise made to Abraham and his Seed, Christ, was confirmed 14

430 years before the Law of Moses was given, and “. . . no man disannuls, or adds 15

thereto”. Galatians 3:15. This is established in verse 17 where it is written, 16

“And this I say, that the covenant, that was confirmed before of God in Christ, 17

the Law [of Moses], which was four hundred and thirty years after, cannot disannul, 18

that it should make the promise of none effect”. 19

That’s because the inheritance is not through our actions in the Law, but through 20

the promise of God. See verse 18. [The Law of Moses leads us to (teaches us about) Christ. 21

Galatians 3:24-25.] 22

Therefore righteousness comes by the promises of God, not by keeping the Law of 23

Moses in either the Old or the New Testament times. “Wherefore then serves the 24

law [of ceremonies]? It was added because of transgressions, till the Seed should 25

come to whom the promise was made . . .” Verse 19. In the day that Abraham 26

“believed in the LORD and He counted it to him for righteousness”, He made a 27

covenant [agreement] with him saying, “To your seed have I given this land, from 28

the river of Egypt to the great river, the river Euphrates”. See Genesis 15:6; 18. 29

At the same time He told him about the 430 years of affliction, at the end of which 30

He delivered the descendants of Abraham from Egypt and gave them the Law 31

of Moses, which He called a covenant. 2 Chronicles 5:10; Exodus 24:3-8. 32

22

Later, after the 40 years wandering, Moses said, “The LORD made not this 1

covenant [just] with our fathers, but with us, even us, who are all of us here alive 2

this day.” [His audience was mainly the second generation, for nearly all of the first generation 3

had died in the wilderness, except Joshua and Caleb.] Deuteronomy 5:1-3. 4

5


This covenant (the law of ceremonies) was to continue only “till the Seed (Christ) 6

should come”, then “a new covenant” was to be made. Isaiah 42:1-6; 49:5-9. 7

He confirmed The Second Covenant, the new one (the rituals of Christianity), in 8

Daniel 9:27, and in the gospel teaching. Mark 1:14-15, Matthew 4:23. 9

“. . . These are the two covenants . . .” Galatians 4:27, and NEITHER of them is 10

the one made to Abraham, but both are involved in, and teach of, that one. 11

Paul contrasts these two covenants, calling the latter the “better covenant”, 12

the “perfect” one (Hebrews 8:6), whereas the former, “the Law [of Moses], made 13

nothing perfect but had only a “figure”, “patterns”, or “a shadow of good things to 14

come”. Hebrews 7:19; 9:9, 23; 10:1. 15

But the “body”, the substance of both of those legal “shadows” is Christ [and is a 16

third covenant, if you will accept it, even though it was made before the others]. Hebrews 8:6. 17

The Law of Moses should be studied and “remembered” as a simplified model of 18

the great system of redemption [not just salvation], containing symbolic pictures of 19

the work begun by our Saviour at His first advent [as well as types which cover the 20

whole plan], when He came to “fulfil the law” [Matthew 5:17.] 21

The recovery of this planet will be completed in “the redemption of the purchased 22

possession to the praise of His glory”. [Ephesians 1:14.] But redemption is 23

deliverance purchased by the payment of a ransom[? rather, “price”], therefore it 24

cannot be complete till man and earth shall be delivered from all the subjection and 25

consequences of sin. The last act of deliverance will be at the end of the thousand 26

years. To this the shadow of the Law extended! 27

That this true is evident from these points: 28

1. The cleansing of the [earthly] sanctuary formed a part of the [annual] legal 29

service (Leviticus 16:20-33) and its fulfilment [in the heavenly] was not to be 30

accomplished until the end of the 2,300 days. Daniel 8:14. 31


2. The [ceremonial] sabbaths in the Law of Moses [see Leviticus 23] typify the 32

great sabbath time, the seventh millennium [the 1,000 years]. Hebrews 4:3. 33

23

3. The Jubilee [the 50th year in the Law, Leviticus 25:10] typifies the release and 1

return to their home lands of all captive Israel. This cannot be fulfilled till the 2

resurrection of the just. [Matthew 5:5.] 3

4. The sabbath types at the end of the ceremonial law year were not fulfilled at 4

the first advent. 5

5. The legal 10th day atonement [with the scapegoat] was not, nor could it be, 6

fulfilled at that time. 7

Although He blotted out “the hand writing of ordinances [Moses’ law of ceremonies] 8

that was against us, which was contrary to us, and took it out of the way [put it to one 9

side], nailing it to His cross [so we would see it there]” (Colossians 2:14), yet after His 10

resurrection both He and His apostles made use of the Law as proof of His 11

Messiahship. He was buried and rose again, and sent down the Holy Ghost fifty 12

days after His resurrection in direct fulfilment of the types in the Law [Leviticus 13

23:15-17], which would not have been the case if the significance of the Law had 14

ceased at the cross. 15

In fact, His anointing [baptism] and crucifixion were only the beginning of its 16

fulfilment. [Matthew 5:17.] 17


All will admit that some of the types have been fulfilled and that others have not. 18

Because there are some yet to be fulfilled, we should remember and study the Law 19

to learn about them. 20

The legal types and antitypes

That some of the types [the figures] have met their antitypes [their spiritual realities] is 21

beyond dispute. By learning how they did this, and the principle as to the time on 22

which they were fulfilled, we can more understandingly proceed with the 23

investigation of the others. 24

There were two classes of types or shadows: 25

The vernal [the northern hemisphere spring time ones – our March/April], 26

and the autumnal [the northern hemisphere autumn, our September/October.] 27

The former met their antitypes at the First Advent, but the latter are to be fulfilled 28

in connection with, and after, the Second Advent. 29

The spring types were: 30

the Passover meal on the 14th day of the 1st month; 31

the Feast of Unleavened Bread 32

which lasted from the 15th to the 21st of the same month; 33

24

the waving of the First Fruits on the 16th day of the 1st month; 1

and the Feast of Weeks (aka Pentecost) 2

50 days after the waving, in the 3rd month. Leviticus 23:1-21. 3

Our Saviour was scrupulously precise in commencing their spiritual fulfilment at 4

the very times they were to be observed in the Law, literally to the month, day and 5

hour. But we err when we think of them as being in the Jewish Dispensation when 6

they were actually at the beginning of the Gospel (or Christian) Dispensation, for 7

the dispensations overlap. [More on this later.] 8

[There was a Dispensation which started from the Garden of Eden when the promise was 9

given that there would be “enmity” between the Seed of the woman and the serpent. 10

Genesis 3:15. It is called the Dispensation of Grace [the everlasting gospel], and covers all 11

of human history. Ephesians 3:1-6. There will be more on this later too!] 12


The Passover – the rebirth

“For I delivered to you first of all that which I also received, how that Christ died 13

for our sins according to the scriptures”. 1 Corinthians 15:3. 14

“Christ our Passover [Lamb] is sacrificed for us”. 1 Corinthians 5:7. 15

Paul considered it of the first importance to tell us of the fact that Christ died for 16

our sins in fulfilment of the killing of the Passover Lamb [not the daily lamb]. 17

This fact he gleaned from the Law of ceremonies, although nowhere does it say so 18

directly. Yet so clear was the antitype that it furnished unanswerable proof that 19

Jesus was the Messiah. 20

[We are told by two witnesses in the scriptures that the Son of God (not the Son of 21

man), “died” (or made the real sacrifice) in the Garden of Eden when Adam and Eve 22

first sinned and the Dispensation of Grace [with the everlasting gospel] began. So the 23

ultimate reality of the Passover commenced then, but in the Law of Moses it 24

originates on the night before the Hebrews were led out of Egypt, which is why we 25

sometimes see it as beginning at the cross. Exodus 12. However, in the New 26

Testament it is written; “. . . the Lamb slain from the foundation of the world. If any 27

man have a [spiritual] ear, let him hear”. Revelation 13:8-9. “Forasmuch as you know 28

that you were not redeemed with corruptible things, [such] as silver and gold, from 29

your vain conversation [conduct] received by tradition from your fathers; but with the 30

precious blood of Christ, as of a [Passover] Lamb without blemish and without spot: 31

who verily was foreordained before the foundation of the world, but was manifest 32

[shown] in these last times [on the cross] for you, who by Him do believe in God, that 33

raised Him up from the dead, and gave Him glory; that your faith and hope might be 34

in God”. 1 Peter 1:18-21.] 35

The Jews could not lay hands on Him till His hour had come, then being “brought 36

as a Lamb to the slaughter” He died, “our Passover”, in the very month, day, and 37

25

hour of the killing of the legal [earthly] Passover lamb. [Isaiah 53:7.] Thus it is proved 1

that the Passover antitype (the spiritual reality) began at the crucifixion, 2

but where must it end? 3

Let the Saviour answer: 4

“And He said to them, ‘With desire I have desired to eat this passover with you 5

before I suffer: for I say to you, I will not any more eat thereof, until it be fulfilled 6

in the kingdom of God’. And He took the cup, and gave thanks, and said, ‘Take 7

this, and divide it among yourselves: for I say to you, I will not drink of the fruit of 8

the vine, until the kingdom of God shall come’.” Luke 22:15-18. 9


The real Passover feast must be “fulfilled [finished] in the kingdom of God”, which, 10

according to verse 18, was then, and is yet, to come. So long then as we pray, 11

“Your kingdom come” the Passover antitype is not yet finished! The LORD 12

instituted His supper, the communion service for the new covenant, in the place of 13

the Passover feast of old, and as often as we do it we show forth His death till He 14

comes, as did the old type. [1 Corinthians 11:26.] 15

The beginning of the spiritual Passover “day” is shown by His physical death, and 16

the end of it is His second coming, therefore it spans and is fulfilled during the 17

entire Gospel Dispensation, and is some 2,000 years in length. 18

[There are the SHADOW and the SPIRITUAL pictures, 19

both of which show us the REAL ones.] 20

The Feast of Unleavened Bread - education

This feast was attached to the Passover type, starting the day after the Passover. 21

[Paul wrote:] “Your glorying is not good. Know you not that a little leaven [yeast] 22

leavens the whole lump [of flour]? Purge [search] out therefore the old leaven, that 23

you may be a new [all over] lump, as you are [now] unleavened, for even Christ our 24

Passover is sacrificed for us. Therefore let us keep the feast, not with old [physical] 25

leaven, neither with the [spiritual] leaven of malice and wickedness; but with the 26

unleavened bread of sincerity and truth”. 1 Corinthians 5:6-8. 27

The type was carnal (of the earth), for the bread was made from earthly grain; 28

the antitype is spiritual and the “bread” is truth, the Word of God received in 29

sincerity as knowledge increases. The bitter herbs with which it was eaten seem to 30

typify the trials of the followers of God in their new state. As the people of old 31

began to eat unleavened bread and bitter herbs on the 14th at the Passover [Exodus 32

12:8] as well as in the seven days following, so the trials of the church began when 33

the “Shepherd was smitten and the sheep scattered” [Zechariah 13:7; Matthew 26:31.] 34

The persecution will end and the antitype be superseded only “when the Chief 35

26

Shepherd shall appear” and gather the “flock of slaughter” with joy to our beloved 1

Zion. [1 Peter 5:4.] 2


First Fruits – the fruits of the new life

This was a handful of the first ripe fruit or grain for the season. If we read 3

1 Corinthians 15:4, 20, 23 and Acts 26:23 we will see that Christ “rose again the 4

third day according to the scriptures” as “the first fruits of them that slept” thus 5

laying the foundation of the resurrection to life. [The 14th was the death; the 15th the rest 6

in the grave; and the 16th the resurrection.] 7

[The handful of barley was offered literally on the 3rd day after the Passover (the 16th of 8

the 1st month), the day AFTER the first ceremonial sabbath (rest day) of the ritual, to 9

show that Christ is the First among many. The second yearly sabbath was the last day of 10

the seven day feast, the 21st of the month. Leviticus 23:6-8. Because the Passover could 11

fall on any day of the week (it was eaten on the evening of the full moon of the month), 12

the succeeding days could also be any day of the week.] 13

The Feast of Weeks - power to witness

The fruits appear to be connected with the Day of Pentecost at which two loaves of 14

the new flour baked with leaven were waved before the LORD in the sanctuary. 15

“When the Day of Pentecost was fully come” [50 days after the crucifixion, Acts 2:1] 16

the Holy Ghost, the principle of life, came upon the disciples. 17

This Spirit, which is the only thing recorded as the antitype of the Feast of Weeks, 18

is to abide with the church till it shall quicken [make alive] the bodies of the saints 19

“at His coming”. Romans 8:11. 20

It must now be clear that all the spring types having begun with the opening of the 21

Gospel Dispensation, will not end until it closes. [Each one begins, and then continues, 22

as the others join it, in the same manner as the three angels’ messages.] 23

From that we must conclude that the autumn types, the Feast of Trumpets, the Day 24

of Atonement, and the Feast of Tabernacles (with its two ceremonial sabbaths), 25

when they join the others will occupy a period of time relative to that occupied by 26

their types in somewhat the proportion of the spring types. In other words, the 27

periods of their fulfilments must also spread over a dispensation of many years. 28

(The Day of Pentecost was called The Feast of Weeks because it was based on counting seven 29

weekly Sabbaths from the day of the wave offering, and then moving on to the next day, 30

which was therefore always a Sunday or 1st day (that year it was the fiftieth day from Calvary, 31

so since then it has been known as Pentecost, the 50th day, but it wasn’t always the 50th). 32

Although always observed on the 1st day of the week it was the third ceremonial sabbath for 33

the year. The other days of the ceremonial law could fall on any day of the week as mentioned 34

before.) 35

27

The following is based on page 23: (Pages 21 and 22 contain diagrams.)

The sanctuary – the plan of redemption

The earthly sanctuary was the heart of the typical system of types and antitypes. 1

There the LORD placed His name [showed His character], manifested His glory [His 2

power], and held conversations with the high priest relative to the welfare of Israel. 3

[Numbers 27:21.] 4

While we enquire from the scriptures what the sanctuary means, let all prejudice be 5

dismissed from our minds, for the Bible clearly defines what the sanctuary is, and 6

answers every reasonable question you may ask concerning it. 7

The name, sanctuary, is applied to several different things in the Old Testament. 8

The Wonderful Numberer did not tell Daniel WHAT sanctuary was to be cleansed 9

at the end of the 2,300 days, but called it THE SANCTUARY, as though Daniel 10

well understood it, and that he did is evident from the fact that he did not ask what 11

it was. But as it has now [in 1846] become a matter of dispute as to what the 12

sanctuary is, our only safety lies in seeking from the New Testament the divine 13

comment on it. Its decisions should place the matter beyond all controversy with 14

Christians. 15

Paul freely discusses this subject in his Epistle to the Hebrews, to whom the typical 16

covenant applied. He takes up their “ceremonies of the Law” (in the first covenant) 17

which had then become a hindrance to them, admits all they claim relative to their 18

first use and importance, and then explains their real object and end (in the second 19

covenant). 20


“Then verily the first covenant had also ordinances [rituals] of divine service, and a 21

worldly [earthly] sanctuary [building]. For there was a tabernacle [tent] made; 22

the first, wherein was the candlestick, and the table, and the showbread; which is 23

called the sanctuary [or holy place]. And after the second veil, the tabernacle which 24

is called the Holiest of all [the most holy]; which had the golden [portable] censer, and 25

the ark of the covenant overlaid round about with gold, wherein was the golden pot 26

that had manna, and Aaron's rod that budded, and the tables of the covenant [the Ten 27

Commandments]; and over it the cherubims [angels] of glory shadowing the Mercy 28

Seat; of which we cannot now speak particularly”. Hebrews 9:1-5. 29

An in-depth description of the sanctuary and its furniture can be found in the last 30

four books of the Pentateuch, [Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy]. 31

“Sanctuary” was the first name the LORD gave it (Exodus 25:8), which name 32

covers not only the tabernacle [building] with its two apartments, but also the court 33

and all the vessels of the ministry. It is this that Paul calls the sanctuary of the first 34

28

covenant, “which was a figure for the time then present, in which were offered 1

both gifts and [animal] sacrifices”. Hebrews 9:9. 2

“But Christ being come a High Priest of good things to come by a greater and more 3

perfect tabernacle, not made with hands” has changed that. Verse 11. The priests 4

entered the “figures” or “patterns of the true” with the evidence of an animal’s 5

death, but Christ entered the “heavenly places themselves” when He entered 6

“heaven itself” with the evidence of His own death. Verses 23-24. When He 7

ascended to the right hand of the Father “in the heavens” He became “A minister 8

of the sanctuary and of the true tabernacle, which the LORD pitched and not man”. 9

Hebrews 8:1-2. That is the sanctuary of the “better (the new) covenant” [for the 10

spiritual rituals of Christianity]. Verse 6. 11


The sanctuary to be cleansed at the end of the 2,300 days is also the sanctuary of 12

the new covenant, for the vision of the treading down and cleansing comes to an 13

end long after the crucifixion, in 1844. We see then that the sanctuary of the new 14

covenant is not on earth, but in heaven. The true tabernacle which forms part of 15

the new covenant sanctuary was made and pitched by the LORD, in 16

contradistinction to that of the first covenant which was made and pitched by man, 17

in obedience to the command of God. Exodus 25:8. 18

Now what else does the apostle say the LORD has pitched? 19

“A city which has foundations, whose builder and maker is God”. Hebrews 11:10. 20

What is its name? “The heavenly Jerusalem”. Hebrews 12:23; Revelation 21:2. 21

It is “a building of God, a house not made with [human] hands, eternal in the 22

heavens”. 2 Corinthians 5:1. It is, “My Father’s house of many mansions”. 23

See John 14:2. When our Saviour was at Jerusalem and had pronounced its house 24

(temple) desolate, the disciples came to Him to show the glory of the buildings. 25

Then He said, “There shall not be left here one stone upon another that shall not be 26

thrown down”. Matthew 24:1-2. 27

That temple was their sanctuary and the heart of their religion. 1 Chronicles 22:17-28

19; 28:9-13; 2 Chronicles 29:3-5, 21; 36:14,17. Therefore, such an announcement 29

would tend to fill them with sadness and fear, as foretelling a break, if not the total 30

end of their entire religious system. But to comfort and teach them, He says, 31

“In My Father’s house are many mansions”. John 14:1-3. 32


Standing as He was, on the dividing line (the overlap) between the typical 33

covenant and the anti-typical (between the earthly figure and the spiritual reality), 34

and having just declared the house of the former to be no longer valid and foretold 35

its destruction, how natural that He should point His disciples to the sanctuary of 36

the anti-type [the one in heaven], about which their affections and interests were to 37

cluster as they had about the former. 38

29

The sanctuary of the new covenant is connected with New Jerusalem, like the 1

sanctuary of the first covenant was with Old Jerusalem. As that was the place 2

where the priests of that covenant worked, so this in heaven is where the Priest of 3

the new covenant ministers. To these places in heaven, and to these only, the New 4

Testament applies the name “sanctuary”, and it does appear that this should forever 5

set the question at rest. 6

But as we have been long and industriously taught to look to the earth for the 7

sanctuary, it may be proper to enquire, “By what scriptural authority have we been 8

thus taught?” I can find none! If others can, let them produce it. Let it be 9

remembered that the definition of sanctuary is “a holy or sacred place.” Is the 10

earth, is Palestine, such a place? Their entire contents answer, No! 11

Was Daniel so taught? Look at his vision. “And the place of His sanctuary was 12

cast down”. Daniel 8:11. This casting down was in the days and by the means of 13

the Roman power [Pagan and Papal]; therefore, the sanctuary of this text was not the 14

Earth, nor Palestine, because the former [the earth] was cast down by the fall of 15

Adam and Eve more than 4000 years before, and the latter [Palestine/Israel] at the 16

[Babylonian] captivity more than 700 years previous to the time of this verse, and 17

neither of them were cast down by Roman agency. 18

[The sanctuary of Daniel 8 was “cast down” by both the Pagan and Papal divisions of 19

Rome. One in 70AD, and the other about 538AD.] 20


The sanctuary cast down is His against whom [the apostate bishop of] Rome 21

magnified himself, which was the Prince of the host, Jesus Christ; and Paul teaches 22

that His sanctuary is in heaven. Again, “For the ships of Chittim shall come 23

against him; therefore shall he be grieved and return, and have indignation against 24

the holy covenant (Christianity), so shall he do; he shall even return and have 25

intelligence with them (priests and bishops) that forsake the holy covenant. 26

And arms (civil and religious) shall stand on his part, and they (Rome and those 27

that forsake the holy covenant) shall pollute the [heavenly] sanctuary of strength.” 28

Daniel 11:30-31. 29

What was this that Rome and the apostates of Christianity should jointly pollute? 30

This combination was formed against the “holy covenant” and it was the sanctuary 31

of that covenant they polluted; which they could do as well as to pollute the name 32

of God, for this was the same as profaning or blaspheming His name. Jeremiah 33

34:16; Ezekiel 20; Malachi 1:7. 34

35

In this sense this “politico-religious” beast polluted the [heavenly] sanctuary, 36

(Revelation 13:6) and cast it down from its place in heaven, (Psalm 102:19; 37

Jeremiah 17:12; Hebrews 8:1-2) when they called Rome the holy city, (Revelation 38

30

21:2) and installed the Pope there with the titles, “Lord God the Pope,” “Holy 1

Father,” “Head of the Church.” &c. 2

And there, in the counterfeit “temple of God” he professes to do what Jesus 3

actually does in His sanctuary. 2 Thessalonians 2:1-8. 4

The [heavenly] sanctuary has been trodden underfoot (Daniel 8:13), the same as the 5

Son of God has. Hebrews 10:29. 6


Daniel prayed, “Cause Your face to shine upon Your sanctuary which is desolate;” 7

Daniel 9:17. This was the earthly sanctuary built by Solomon. He said, “You have 8

commanded me to build a temple upon Your holy mount, and an altar in the city 9

wherein You dwell, a resemblance [copy] of Your holy tabernacle, which You have 10

prepared from the beginning.” Wisdom of Solomon 9:8 [this is one of the books of the 11

Apocrypha]; 1 Chronicles 28:10-13. 12

It shared in the 70 years desolation of Jerusalem. Daniel 9:2; 2 Chronicles 36:14-13

21. It was rebuilt after the Babylonian captivity. Nehemiah 10:39. 14

Moses received the patterns of the sanctuary built at Sinai “by the Spirit”, when he 15

was with the LORD forty days in the cloud on the Mount; and David received the 16

patterns of that built by Solomon, which superseded Moses' with its chambers, 17

porches, courts, the courses of the priests and Levites and all the vessels of service, 18

&c. by the same Spirit. 1 Chronicles 28:10-13. It is clear that both Moses and 19

David had prophetic visions of the New Jerusalem with its sanctuary and Christ, 20

the officiating Priest. 21

When that built by Moses was superseded by Solomon's, the ark [of the covenant, 22

a symbol of God’s throne] was borne from the former to the latter. 2 Chronicles 5:2-8. 23

The sanctuary comprehended not only the tabernacle, but also all the vessels of the 24

ministry, enclosed by the court in which the tabernacle stood. Numbers 3:29-31; 25

10:17, 21. 26

So the court in which the Temple stood was also properly called the sanctuary. 27


We learn the same from 2 Chronicles 29:18, 21. “We have cleansed all the house 28

of the Lord, and the altar of burnt offering, with all the vessels thereof, and the 29

showbread table with all the vessels thereof.” The brass altar of burnt-offering with 30

its implements stood before the temple in the courtyard, the whole of which are in 31

verse 21 called the sanctuary. 32

“Well”, says one, “is not Palestine called the sanctuary?” I think not. In Exodus 33

15:17 it is written, “You shall bring them in and plant them in the mountain of 34

31

Your inheritance, in the place, O LORD, which You have made for You to dwell 1

in; in the sanctuary, O LORD, which Your hands have established”. What is it 2

which the LORD “has made to dwell in,” which His “hands have established?” 3

Paul says it is “a city”, “a tabernacle,” and “a building . . . in the heavens.” 4

Hebrews 11:10; Hebrews 8:2; 2 Corinthians 5:1. 5

And the LORD had chosen Mt. Zion in Palestine for the place of the earthly 6

sanctuary’s final location. “For the LORD has chosen Zion; He has desired it for 7

His habitation. This is My rest forever; here will I dwell; for I have desired it”. 8

Psalm 132:13-14. “He brought them to the border of the sanctuary, even to this 9

mountain;” (Psalm 78:54) which was its chosen border or place; but not the 10

sanctuary itself, any more than Mt. Moriah, on which the Temple was built, was 11

the Temple itself. Did they regard that land as the sanctuary? If they did not, we 12

should not. 13

A view of some of the texts in which the word occurs will show this: 14

“Let them make me a sanctuary;” (Exodus 25:8), 15

“The shekel of the sanctuary,” (Exodus 30:13) and above twenty others like it. 16

“Then wrought Bezaleel and Aholiab, and every wise-hearted man, in whom the 17

Lord put wisdom and understanding to know how to work all manner of work for 18

the service of the sanctuary;” Exodus 26:1-6, [see Exodus 36:1]. 19

“Before the veil of the sanctuary,” Leviticus 4:6. 20

“Carry your brethren from before the sanctuary.” Leviticus 10:4. 21


“Nor come into the sanctuary;” Leviticus 12:4. 22

“He shall make atonement for the tabernacle;” Leviticus 16:33. 23

“Reverence my sanctuary;” Leviticus 19:30; 26:2. 24

“Nor profane the sanctuary of his God;” Leviticus 21:12. 25

“Vessels of the sanctuary;” Numbers 3:31. 26

“Charge of the sanctuary;” Numbers 3:32,38. 27

“They minister in the sanctuary:” Numbers 4:12. 28

“In the sanctuary and in the vessels thereof;” verse 16. 29

“And when Aaron and his sons have made an end of covering the sanctuary, and 30

all the vessels of the sanctuary, as the camp is to set forward; after that the sons of 31

Kohath shall come to bear it;” Numbers 4:15; 7:9; 10:21. 32

“That there be no plague among the children of Israel when the children of Israel 33

come nigh to the sanctuary;” Numbers 8:19 34

“You and your sons and your father's house with you shall bear the iniquity of the 35

sanctuary.” Numbers 18:1. 36

“He has defiled the sanctuary of his God;” Numbers 19:20. 37

Joshua “took a great stone and set it up there under an oak that was by the 38

sanctuary of the LORD.” Joshua 24:26, 39

32

“All the instruments of the sanctuary.” 1 Chronicles 9:29. 1

“Build you the sanctuary.” 1 Chronicles 22:19. 2

“Governors of the sanctuary.” 1 Chronicles 24:5. 3

“The LORD has chosen you to build a house for the sanctuary.” 1 Chronicles 4

28:10; 2 Chronicles 20:8. 5

“Go out of the sanctuary.” 2 Chronicles 26:18; 29:21; 30:8. 6

“Purification of the sanctuary.” 2 Chronicles 30:19; 36:17. 7


I have given nearly every text, and, I believe every different form of expression in 8

which the word [sanctuary] occurs till we come to the Psalms; so that every one can 9

see what they understood the sanctuary to be. And of the fifty texts quoted, not one 10

applies it to the land of Palestine, nor any land. That sanctuary, though enclosed 11

with curtains, was called “the house of the LORD,” (Judges 18:31; 12

1 Samuel 1:7, 24), and was pitched at the city of Shiloh at the time of dividing the 13

land; Judges 18:1, 10, hence it was called the “Tabernacle of Shiloh,” (“safety and 14

happiness”). Psalm 78:60. The LORD forsook it when the Philistines captured 15

the ark [of the covenant] (1 Samuel 4:3-11) and He “delivered his strength into 16

captivity, and his glory into the enemy's hand.” Verse 21. 17

When released by the Philistines the ark was brought back to Kirjath-jearim 18

(1 Samuel 7:1-2), from there taken to the house of Obed-edom, and from there to 19

the city of David which is Zion. (2 Samuel 6:1-19; 5:9.) And finally, at the 20

direction of Solomon, it was conveyed into the Holy of Holies of the newly-built 21

temple (1 Kings 8:1-6), which was erected in Mount Moriah near Mount Zion in 22

Jerusalem. 2 Chronicles 3:1. 23

The Lord has chosen Zion to dwell in rest forever (Psalm 132:13-14), but as yet he 24

has dwelt there but a short time, and then in curtains made with hands; but when he 25

shall appear in his glory he will have “mercy on Zion” and build it up; then 26

Jerusalem shall be “a quiet habitation, a tabernacle that shall not be taken down.” 27

(Psalm 102; Isaiah 33:20). And then “the people shall dwell in Zion at Jerusalem.” 28

Verses 18-19. [See also Revelation 21:3.] 29

The Song of Moses (Exodus 15), is evidently prophetic, and contemplates the 30

happy scenes of the Edenic Zion. 31


And so Ezekiel has it. The Lord will bring the whole house of [spiritual] Israel up 32

out of their graves into the land of Israel [at that time the whole world]; and then set his 33

sanctuary and tabernacle in the midst of them for evermore. 34

The sanctuary is not “the land of Israel” nor the people, for it is set in their midst, 35

and is built and forms a part of the city whose name is, “The Lord is there.” 36

33

The Priesthood of Christ – and of the believers.

The priesthood of the worldly sanctuary of the first covenant belonged to the sons 1

of Levi; but that of the heavenly, of the better covenant, to the Son of God. 2

He fulfils both the Priesthood of Melchisedec and Aaron. In some respects the 3

Priesthood of Christ resembles that of Melchisedec; and in others that of Aaron or 4

Levi. 5

1. He was “made a High Priest forever, after the order of Melchisedec.” 6

[The Greek word] “Taxis”, rendered “order” [in the text], properly signifies 7

“series, succession.” Christ, like Melchisedec, had no priestly descent of 8

pedigree. Hebrews 7:3 (margin). That is, He never followed nor will have a 9

successor in office; and “because he continues [for]ever, has a unchangeable 10

Priesthood,” (which passes not from one to another; margin) verse 24. 11

The priesthood of Levi to be continuous needed many persons, and a 12

succession of priests, “because they were not suffered to continue by reason of 13

death.” Hebrews 7:23. 14

2. Being after the order of Melchisedec, he is superior to the sons of Levi; 15

because [through Melchisedec] he blessed and received tithes from them in 16

Abraham. Hebrews 7:1, 7, 9-10. [Genesis 14:18-20.] 17

[“It was Christ that spoke through Melchisedec, the priest of the most high God. 18

Melchisedec was not Christ, but he was the voice of God in the world, 19

the representative of the Father”. R&H, Feb 18, 1890, para 10.] 20

3. He is King and Priest; a King by birth, being from the tribe of Judah, and a 21

Priest by the oath of his Father. Verses 14, 21. 22

4. Being himself perfect, and his priesthood unending, he is able to “perfect 23

forever” and “save them to the uttermost that come unto God by him, seeing he 24

ever lives to make intercession for them.” Verse 25. 25


He was not called after the order of Aaron; i.e. not in his succession; but this does 26

not at all prove that the priesthood of Aaron was not typical of the Priesthood of 27

Christ. Paul distinctly shows that it is. 28

1. After calling upon us to “consider the Apostle and High Priest of our profession 29

(or religion), Christ Jesus,” Paul lays the foundation of the investigation by 30

drawing the analogy between Moses over his house (“oikos” = people) and Christ 31

over his. (Hebrews 3:1-6.) Then he says: “Moses verily was faithful in all his 32

house, as a servant, for a testimony of those things which were to be spoken 33

after.” This clearly shows that the Mosaic economy was typical of the divine. 34

34

2. He shows that he was called of God to be a High Priest “as was Aaron.” 1

Hebrews 5:1-5. 2

3. Like Aaron and his sons, he took upon him flesh and blood, the seed of 3

Abraham; “was in all points tempted like as we are, yet without sin;” was made 4

“perfect through suffering;” and “in all things it behoved him to be made like unto 5

his brethren that he might be a merciful and faithful High Priest in things 6

pertaining to God, to make reconciliation for the sins of the people:” Hebrews 7

chapters 2 to 4. 8

[Compiler’s note: There is no #4 in the original list.]

5. Both orders were ordained then in things pertaining to God; that (they might) 9

offer both gifts and sacrifices for sins”. Hebrews 5:1; 8:3. 10


6. Paul evidently considered the Levitical priesthood typical of Christ's from the 11

pains he takes to explain the analogies and contrasts between them. 12

7. “And they truly were many priests, because they were not suffered to continue 13

by reason of death: but this man, because he continues forever, has an 14

unchangeable priesthood.” Hebrews 7:24. 15

8. “Who needs not daily, as those high priests, to offer up sacrifices, first for his 16

own sins, and then for the people's; for this he did once when he offered up 17

himself.” Verse 27. 18

9. “For the law makes men high priests which have infirmity [weaknesses]; but the 19

work of the oath which was since the law, makes the Son [into a High Priest] who is 20

consecrated (perfected, margin) for evermore.” Hebrews 7:23-28. 21

10. “But now has he obtained a more excellent ministry” than theirs. Hebrews 8:6. 22

11. “By how much also he is the mediator of a better covenant” than theirs. 23

Hebrews 8:6. 24

12. “But Christ being come a High Priest of good things to come, by a greater and 25

more perfect tabernacle” than theirs. Hebrews 9:11. 26

13. “Neither by the blood of goats and calves [bulls], but by his own blood, 27

he entered in once into the holy place.” Verse 12. 28

14. “For if the blood of bulls and of goats and the ashes of a [red] heifer 29

sprinkling the unclean sanctifies to the purifying of the flesh; how much more 30

35

shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without 1

spot to God, purge your conscience.” Verses 13-14. 2

15. “For Christ is not entered into the holy places made with hands, which are 3

figures of the true; but into heaven itself.” Verse 24. 4


16. “Nor yet that he should offer himself often, as the high priest enters into the 5

holy place every year with blood of others;” “but now once in the end of the world 6

has he appeared to put away sin by the sacrifice of himself.” Verses 25-26. 7

[Crucifixion was a continuous process of death, 8

and the Son of God’s “death” began in Eden and finishes at the close of probation.] 9

17. “And as it is appointed unto men (the priests) once to die, but after this the 10

judgment: so Christ was once offered to bear the sins of many; and unto them that 11

look for him shall he appear the second time without sin unto salvation.” Verses 12

27-28. 13

18. “For the law having a shadow of good things to come, and not the very image 14

of the things, can never with those sacrifices which they offered year by year 15

continually, make the comers thereunto perfect;” but “by one offering he has 16

perfected forever them that are sanctified.” Hebrews 10:14. 17

19. “It is not possible that the blood of bulls and of goats should take away sins;” 18

. . . “but a body have You prepared me.” Verses 4-5. 19

These are part of the contrasts or comparisons the Apostle draws between the 20

Levitical priesthood and Christ's and there is a resemblance in every instance, 21

but Christ's is superior to Levi's. I add one more. Hebrews 8:4-5. “For if he were 22

on earth he should not be a priest, seeing that there (margin, they) are priests that 23

offer gifts according to the law: who serve unto the example and shadow of 24

heavenly things.” 25

[Two priestly groups are compared. The priesthood of Levi was made up of a succession of 26

men because of death, and is only a shadow, but the Melchisedek priesthood is based on an 27

everlasting life and is the reality which brings perfection. The two priests of that order whom 28

Paul refers to (Christ and Melchisedek) live forever. 29

The features of the shadow always bear a resemblance to those of the priestly 30

service “in the heavens” (verses 1-2) [which is] performed by our high priest in his 31

sanctuary; therefore if the shadow is service, the substance is service also. 32


Because the priests of the law served unto the example and shadow of the heavenly 33

service we can from their service learn something of the nature of the heavenly 34

36

service. “Moses was admonished of God when he was about to make the 1

tabernacle; for, see (says He) that you make all things according to the pattern 2

showed to you in the Mount”. Hebrews 8:5. 3

4

None can deny that, in obedience to this admonition, Moses made or instituted the 5

Levitical priesthood; it was then “according to the pattern” which the Lord showed 6

him, and that pattern was of heavenly things. Hebrews 9:23. 7

If there was not another text to prove that the Levitical priesthood was typical of 8

the Divine, this would abundantly do it. Yet some are even denying this obvious 9

import of the priesthood; but if this is not its import, I can see no meaning in it. 10

It would be an idle round of ceremonies without sense or use, as it did not [make] 11

perfect those for whom it was performed; but looked upon as typical of the 12

heavenly, it is replete with the most important instruction. 13

As this is the application made of it by the New Testament, so we must regard it, 14

while we examine the atonement made under the Levitical priesthood. 15

The atonement – the judgment

“Now when these things (the worldly sanctuary with its two apartments and the 16

furniture in each) were thus ordained, the [many] priests went always (daily, 17

Hebrews 7:27; 10:11) into the first tabernacle, accomplishing the service of God; 18

but in the second went the high priest alone once [on one day] every year, not 19

without blood [the evidence of death], which he offered for himself, and for the errors 20

of his people.” Hebrews 9:6-7. 21


Here Paul divides the services of the Levitical priesthood into two classes - one 22

daily in the Holy, and the other yearly in the Holy of Holies. 23

Their stated daily services, performed in the Holy [1st apartment] and at the brass 24

altar in the court before the tabernacle, consisted of a burnt-offering of two lambs, 25

one in the morning [9am] and the other at even [3pm], each with a meat [meal] 26

offering which was one tenth of an ephah of flour mingled with the fourth part of a 27

hin of beaten oil, and a drink-offering which was one-fourth of a hin of strong 28

wine. The meat-offering was burnt with the lamb, and the drink-offering was 29

poured in the Holy [on the earth floor]. Exodus 29:38-42; Numbers 28:3-8. 30

In connection with this, they burned on the golden [prayer] altar in the Holy [the 1st 31

room], sweet incense, which was a very rich perfume, when they dressed and lit the 32

lamps every evening and morning. Exodus 34-38; 31:11; 30:7-9. The same was 33

afterwards done at the Temple. 1 Chronicles 16:37-40; 2 Chronicles 2:4; 13:4-12; 34

31:3; Ezra 3:3. 35

[This represented the prayers mixed with Christ’s righteousness. Revelation 8:3-4.] 36

37

This did not atone for sins either individually or collectively. 1

The daily service just described was a sort of continual intercession; but the 2

making of the atonement was a special work for which special directions are given. 3

Different words are used both in the Old Testament and New, to express the same 4

idea as at-one-ment. 5


Examples: [the red emphasis is in the original] 6

The italicized words are, in the text, synonymous with atone or atonement. “You 7

shall cleanse the altar when you have made an atonement for it”. Exodus 29:36. 8

“The priest shall make an atonement for her and she shall be clean”. Leviticus 9

12:8. 10

The leper (= the sinner with inward sin)

“This shall be the law of the leper in the day of his cleansing”. Leviticus 14:2; 11

“The priest shall make an atonement for him and he shall be clean”. verse 20. 12

The atonement could not be made for him till after he was healed of the leprosy. 13

Leviticus 13:45-46. Till he was healed, he had to dwell alone outside the camp. 14

[Leprosy is used as a picture of indwelling sin, and until this is removed from the natural 15

man or woman and replaced with “the good health” of our Saviour, we are doomed to 16

remain outside the family of God.] 17

Then, Leviticus 14:3-4; “The priest shall go forth out of the camp; and the priest 18

shall look, and behold if the plague of the leprosy be healed in the leper; then shall 19

the priest command to take for him that is to be cleansed two birds alive and 20

clean,” etc. [Like the two goats of the Day of Atonement.] 21

The law was the same in cleansing a house from the leprosy. Verses 33-57. 22

The stones affected with the plague were removed and the house “scraped within 23

round about” and then repaired with new material [like the new world]. 24

[The “daily” did NOT atone for sins, 25

it was a sort of continual intercession for guidance [or dedication].] 26

Physical uncleanness is now all removed and we would call it clean; 27

but it was not so [in God’s sight]; it is only just prepared to be cleansed according to 28

the law. 29

“And he shall take to cleanse the house two birds” etc. Verse 49. 30

“And he shall cleanse the house with the blood of the birds” etc. . . . And made an 31

atonement for the house, and it shall be clean.” Verses 52-53. 32

38

“And he shall go out to the [golden] altar that is before the Lord, and make an 1

atonement for it. And he shall sprinkle of the blood upon it with his finger seven 2

times, and cleanse it and hallow [make it holy] it from the uncleanness of the 3

children of Israel.” Leviticus 16:18-19. See also 2 Chronicles 29:24. 4


“Moses took the blood, and put it upon the horns of the [brass] altar round about 5

with his fingers and purified the altar, and poured the blood at the bottom of the 6

altar, and sanctified it, to make reconciliation upon it.” Leviticus 8:15. 7

8

“And they made reconciliation with their blood upon the [brass] altar, to make an 9

atonement for all Israel.” 2 Chronicles 29:24. 10

“I will cleanse them from all their iniquities, . . . and I will pardon all their 11

iniquities.” Jeremiah 33:8. 12

“Being now justified by his blood, . . . by whom we have now received the 13

atonement.” Romans 5:9-11. 14

“Who hath reconciled us to himself by Jesus Christ.” 2 Corinthians 5:17-19. 15

“And that he might reconcile both unto God.” Ephesians 2:16. 16

“The blood of bulls . . . sanctifies to the purifying of the flesh” but the blood of 17

Christ shall purge our conscience from dead works. Hebrews 9:13-14. 18

He is the Mediator for the “redemption of the transgressions,” and to “perfect 19

forever them that are sanctified.” Hebrews 10:14. 20

“In whom we have redemption through his blood, the forgiveness of our sins.” 21

Ephesians 1:7. 22

“Be converted that your sins may be blotted out.” Acts 3:19. 23

From these texts we learn that the words atone, cleanse, reconcile, purify, purge, 24

pardon, sanctify, hallow, forgive, justify, redeem, blot out, and some others, are 25

used to signify the same work, viz., bringing into favour with God; and in all cases 26

blood [the evidence of death] is the means, and sometimes blood and water. 27


The atonement is the great idea of the Law, as well as that of the Gospel; and as the 28

design of that Law’s atonement was to teach us that of the Gospel, it is very 29

important to be understood. 30

39

The atonement which the priest made for the people in connection with their 1

daily ministration was different from that made on the tenth day of the seventh 2

month. 3

In making the former, the ordinary priests went no further than in the Holy [the 1st 4

apartment]; but to make the latter the high priest entered the Holy of Holies - the 5

former was made for individual cases, the latter for the whole nation of Israel 6

collectively the former was made for the forgiveness of sins, the latter for blotting 7

them out - the former could be made at any time, the latter only on the tenth day of 8

the seventh month. 9

Hence the former may be called the daily atonement and the latter the yearly, 10

or the former the individual, and the latter the national atonement. 11

The individual atonement - forgiveness 12

The individual atonement for the forgiveness of sins was made for a single person, 13

or for the whole congregation in case they were collectively guilty of some sin. 14

The 1st chapter of Leviticus gives directions for the burnt-offering [of dedication of 15

our life], the 2nd for the meat [meal]-offering [typical of our possessions], the 3rd for the 16

peace-offering [saying ‘Thank You’], and the 4th for the sin-offering, which, as its 17

name implies, was an offering for sins [an atonement], in which he who offered it 18

attained forgiveness of his sins. 19

The trespass-offering, Leviticus chapters 5 and 6:1-7, was similar to the sin-20

offering [but often involved a third party]. 21

“If a soul sin through ignorance,” Leviticus 4:2, “when he knows of it, then shall 22

he be guilty.” Leviticus 5:3. [Specific confession was required, not just a general 23

statement.] “And it shall be when he shall be guilty in any of these things, that he 24

shall confess that he has sinned in that thing.” verse 5. 25


From Numbers 5:6-8, it appears that confession and restitution are necessary in all 26

cases before the atonement could be made for the individual. “When a man or 27

woman shall commit any sin that man commit, to do a trespass against the Lord [or 28

a fellow-being], and that person be guilty, then they shall confess their sin which 29

they have done [on the head of a FEMALE GOAT, Leviticus 4:27-31], and he shall 30

recompense [pay back] his trespass with the principle thereof, and add unto it the 31

fifth part [20%] thereof, and give it unto him against whom he has trespassed.” 32

Then he or the elders (if it was for the congregation) brought the victim for the sin 33

or trespass-offering to the door of the tabernacle of the congregation on the north 34

side of the altar of burnt offering in the court. Leviticus 4:24; 1:11; 17:1-7. 35

40

There he (or the elders) laid his hand on its head, transferring the “death” of that 1

sin to it, and then he killed it. Leviticus 4:2-4, 13-15, 22-24, 27-29. 2

[The priests and the congregation killed a bullock to show the seriousness of their 3

collective sin. Leviticus 4:3; 14. An individual ruler brought a MALE GOAT in place of 4

the common person’s female one, but that blood did not go into the building. Verse 23.] 5

Then, the victim being presented and slain, the priest that was anointed [the one on 6

duty] took some of the blood into the Holy [the 1st apartment], and with his finger 7

sprinkled it before the veil of the sanctuary [on the ground] and put some of it upon 8

the horns of the altar of incense, then poured the remainder of the blood at the 9

bottom of the brass altar [back out in the courtyard]. Thus he made an atonement for 10

the individual, and his sin was forgiven. Leviticus 4:5-10, 16:20, 25-26, 30-35. 11

[It is important to note that Crozier has overlooked the ritual for an ordinary person and ruler, 12

when the priest ate a portion of the animal, and did NOT take any of its blood into the 13

building. Leviticus 6:24-26; 29-30. The blood required for the forgiveness was supplied by 14

the priest’s confession of the sins which he carried on behalf of others on to a bullock at the 15

end of his shift. Leviticus 4:3-12. Thus the ONLY blood ever to be taken into the sanctuary 16

building FOR FORGIVENESS was bullock’s blood! Forgiveness was not obtained by the 17

blood of a lamb entering the building!] 18

The carcasses of the sin-offering were [often] taken without the camp and burned 19

“in a clean place.” Leviticus 4:11-12, 21. [The body was discarded as not wanted!] 20

It should be distinctly remembered that the priest did not begin his duties till he 21

obtained the blood of the victim, and that they were all performed in the court (the 22

enclosure of the sanctuary), and that the atonement thus made was only for the 23

forgiveness of sins. 24


These points are expressly taught in this chapter and the following one on the 25

trespass-offering. Here is an atonement, to make which, the priests only entered 26

the Holy, and to make it they could enter that apartment “always” or “daily.” 27

“But into the second (the Holy of Holies) went the high priest alone once every 28

year, not without blood, which he offered for himself, and for the errors of the 29

people.” (“Laos” = nation). 30

The National Atonement – the cleansing

This defines the yearly [ceremony] to be The National Atonement, of which the Lord 31

“speaks particularly” in Leviticus 16. “And the Lord said unto Moses, speak unto 32

Aaron, your brother, that he come not at all times into the holy place within the 33

veil [the second apartment], before the Mercy Seat, which is upon the ark; that he die 34

not: for I will appear in the cloud upon the Mercy Seat.” Verse 2. 35

41

For what purpose and when could he enter it? “To make an atonement for all 1

Israel, (the whole nation,) for ALL their sins once a year.” “On the tenth day of 2

the seventh month,” Leviticus 16:34, 29. [He went in and out at least 5 times on that 3

day.] 4

In the Law of Moses this was the most important day of the year: 5

[for it prefigured the judgment of the saints – first the righteous dead, then the living]. 6


On that day the whole nation having had their individual sins previously forgiven 7

by the [daily] atonements made in the Holy, then assembled about their sanctuary, 8

while the High Priest, attired in his holy garments for glory and beauty (Exodus 9

28:4), having the golden bells on the hem of his robe that his sound may be heard 10

when he goes in before the Lord, the breast-plate of judgment on his heart, with 11

their names engraved therein that he may bear their judgment, also in it the Urim 12

and Thummim (light and perfection), and the plate of pure gold, the holy crown, 13

(Leviticus 8:9; Exodus 28:36), with “HOLINESS TO THE LORD” engraved upon it, 14

placed upon the fore-front of his mitre that he may bear the iniquities of the holy 15

things, enters the Holy of Holies to make an atonement to cleanse them, that they 16

may be clean from all their sins before the Lord. Leviticus 16:30. 17

[In actual fact, the high priest went into the second room dressed that way to take the 18

record of the forgiven sins from the earth floor in the first room (and from the incense 19

altar) in to the presence of the Father with the blood of the bull, and that’s what the 20

people heard. After that ritual he changed his clothes into a special set of white ones 21

without the bells to accomplish the cleansing by the blood of the goat. This means that 22

the people then had to imagine by faith what he was doing – they could NOT hear him 23

moving about. It was not until after the scapegoat had received the deaths associated 24

with the forgiven sins that the priest changed back into his coloured clothes and became 25

seen and heard again. Leviticus 16:4, 23-24; 32-33. That “quiet time” must have been an 26

unnerving experience for those waiting at the sanctuary in case something went wrong!] 27

The victims for the atonement of this day were, for the priest himself [and on behalf 28

of the people], a young bullock for a sin-offering (verses 3, 6) and a ram for a burnt 29

offering, and for the cleansing of the people, two goats; one for a 30

sin-offering, and the other for the scapegoat, and a ram for a burnt-offering. 31

(Verses 3-8.) 32

He first killed or caused to be killed the bullock for a sin-offering for himself and 33

“his house[hold]”. Verse 11. 34

“Then he shall take a [portable] censer full of burning coals of fire from off the 35

[incense] altar before the Lord, and his hands full of sweet incense beaten small, and 36

bring it within the veil [into the second room]. And he shall put the incense upon the 37

fire before the Lord [he shall put the censer on the Mercy Seat and add more incense to it], 38

that the cloud of the [new] incense may cover the Mercy Seat that is upon the 39

42

testimony [the Ten Commandments] that he die not. And he shall take of the blood of 1

the bullock, and sprinkle it with his finger upon the Mercy Seat eastward [in the 2

front]; and before the Mercy Seat [on the ground] shall he sprinkle of the blood with 3

his finger seven times [depositing the evidence of the death associated with the confessed and 4

forgiven sins].” Verses 12-14. 5

So much in preparation to make an atonement for the people; a description of 6

which follows: 7


“Then shall he kill the goat of the sin-offering which is for the people and bring 8

his blood within the veil [into the second room], and do with that blood as he did with 9

the blood of the bullock, and sprinkle it upon the Mercy Seat. And he shall make 10

an atonement for (cleanse, see marginal references,) the holy place (within the veil, 11

verse 2) because of the uncleanness of the children of Israel, because of their 12

transgressions in all their sins; 13

“and so shall he do (i.e. atone for or cleanse), for the tabernacle of the congregation 14

(the Holy [the first room]) that remains among them in the midst of their 15

uncleanness.” Verses 15-16. 16

“And he shall go out (of the Holy of Holies) to the [incense] altar that is before the 17

Lord (in the Holy) and make an atonement for it; and shall take of the blood (for 18

himself), and of the blood of the goat (for the people), and put it upon the horns of 19

the altar round about. And he shall sprinkle of the blood upon it with his finger 20

seven times, and cleanse it, and hallow it from the uncleanness of the children of 21

Israel.” Verses 18-19. [The blood of this atonement was not used in the courtyard, even 22

though it represents a sanctified place on the earth.] 23

The altar was the golden altar of incense in the Holy upon which the blood of 24

individual atonements was sprinkled during the daily ministration. Thus it [had] 25

received the uncleanness from which it is now cleansed. “Aaron shall make an 26

atonement upon the horns of it once a year, with the blood of the sin-offering of 27

atonement.” Exodus 30:1-10. We see from verse 20, that at this stage of the work 28

“he has made an end of reconciling [cleansing] the holy place, and the tabernacle of 29

the congregation, and the altar”, i.e. the Holy of Holies, the Holy, and the incense 30

[prayer] altar in the latter. 31


We have before seen that [the words] atone, reconcile, cleanse, etc., signify the 32

same, hence at this stage he has made an end of cleansing those places. As the 33

blood of atonements for the forgiveness of sins was not sprinkled in the court, but 34

in the tabernacle only, the entire work of cleansing the sanctuary was performed 35

within the tabernacle building. 36

These were holy things, yet cleansed yearly. 37

43

The holy place within the veil [the second room] contained the ark of the covenant, 1

covered with the Mercy Seat, overshadowed by the cherubims [angels], between 2

which the LORD dwelt in the cloud of divine glory. Who would think of calling 3

such a place unclean? Yet the LORD provided at the time, yea, before it was built, 4

that it should be annually cleansed. 5

It was by blood [death], and not by fire, that this sanctuary, which was a type of the 6

new covenant sanctuary, was cleansed (or atoned for). 7

The high priest on this day “bore the iniquities of the holy things which the 8

children of Israel hallowed in all their holy gifts”. Exodus 28:38. These holy 9

things composed the sanctuary. “And the LORD said to Aaron, You, and your 10

sons, and your father's house with you shall bear the iniquity of the sanctuary”. 11

Numbers 18:1. 12


This “iniquity of the sanctuary” we have learned was not its own properly, but the 13

children of Israel's, God's own people's, which it had received from them. 14

And this transfer of iniquity from the people to their sanctuary was not a mere 15

casualty because of scenes of lawless rebellion, bloodshed or idolatry among 16

themselves, nor the devastation of an enemy; but it was according to the original 17

arrangement and regular operation of this typical system. For we must bear in 18

mind that all the instructions were given to Moses and Aaron before the erection of 19

the sanctuary. 20

Provision was made to make atonement for sins committed in ignorance; but not 21

till after they were known, Leviticus 4:14, 5:3-6, then of course they became sins 22

of knowledge. Then the individual bore his/her iniquity, Leviticus 5:1-17; 7: 1-8, 23

till he/she presented his/her offering to the priest and slew it, the priest made an 24

atonement with the blood, Leviticus 17:11, and he/she was forgiven. Then of 25

course, he/she was free from his iniquity. 26

[All this was planned before the erection of the sanctuary 27

as a picture of what was already going on in heaven, 28

and had been from Adam to Moses through Christ the Son of God.] 29

Now at what point did he [the sinning Christian] cease to bear his/her iniquity? 30

Evidently when he had presented his victim slain; he had then done his part. 31

Through what medium was his iniquity conveyed to the sanctuary? Through his 32

victim, or rather its blood, when the priest took and sprinkled it before the veil and 33

on the incense/prayer altar. Thus the iniquity was communicated to their sanctuary. 34

[The “sinful” blood of a bull was the medium which polluted the sanctuary.] 35

[All this was duplicated in the heavenly sanctuary to show what was happening inside the Son 36

of God from the Garden of Eden onwards, to demonstrate to the angels and the people of the 37

universe the way of redemption! It typifies the mind and heart of God! See note 2, page 73.] 38

44

The first thing done for the people on the tenth day of the seventh month was to 1

cleanse it by the same means, the application of blood, but this time with “sinless” 2

blood of a goat. This done, the high priest bore the “iniquity of the sanctuary” in 3

himself for the people “to make atonement for them.” Leviticus 10:17. 4

5

[So Christ transfers the forgiven sins at the time of confession into the building 6

(i.e. deeper within Himself, to the prayer altar), 7

and then picks them up again at the end of time for the removal.] 8

The following is based on page 49: (pages 47-48 have diagrams.)

“And when he has made an end of reconciling the holy place (within the second 9

veil, verse 2) and the tabernacle of the congregation [the first room] and the altar 10

(or when he has cleansed the whole sanctuary), “he [the “fit” man] shall bring the 11

live goat, and Aaron shall lay both his hands upon the head of the live goat, and 12

confess over him all the iniquities of the children of Israel, and all their 13

transgressions and all their sins, putting them upon the head of the [scape] goat, and 14

shall send him away by the hand of a fit man into the wilderness. And the goat 15

shall bear upon him all their iniquities into a land not inhabited (margin, [a land] of 16

separation)” Leviticus 16:20-22. 17

This was the only office of the scape-goat, to finally receive and bear away from 18

Israel all their forgiven iniquities (but not the sinful nature illustrated by the 19

Passover circumcision), into an uninhabited wilderness and there retain them, 20

leaving Israel at their sanctuary, and the priest to complete the atonement of the 21

day by burning the fat of the sin-offerings, and offering the two rams for burnt-22

offerings on the brass altar in the court. Verses 24-25. 23

The burning outside the camp of the carcasses of the sin-offerings closed the 24

services of this important day. Verse 27. 25

The antitypes – the spiritual realities

As this legal system which we have been considering was only a “shadow,” 26

a “figure”, and “patterns”, of no value in itself, being useful only to teach us the 27

nature of that perfect system of redemption which is its “body”, the “things 28

themselves;” which was devised in the councils of heaven, and is being wrought 29

out by “the only Begotten of the Father;” let us, guided by the Spirit of truth, learn 30

the solemn realities thus shadowed forth. 31


By these patterns, finite as we are, we may like Paul, extend our research beyond 32

the limits of our natural vision to the “heavenly things themselves.” 33

Here we find the entire ministry of the law fulfilled in [and by] Christ, who was 34

anointed with the Holy Ghost and by his own blood (illustrating His death) entered 35

his sanctuary, in heaven itself, when he ascended to the right hand of the throne of 36

45

the Majesty in the heavens, as “a minister of the Holies” [the first apartment] (Greek 1

= “Hagion”), etc. Hebrews 8:6, 2. 2

3

Paul, after speaking of the daily services in the Holy, and the yearly in the Holy of 4

Holies, says, “The Holy Ghost this signifying that the way [the meaning] of the 5

Holies (Greek = “Hodon Hagion”) was not yet made manifest [or clearly seen]: 6

while as the first tabernacle was yet standing, which was a figure for the time then 7

present, in which were offered” etc. “until the time of reformation. 8

But Christ being come, a High Priest of the (Greek “ton”) good things to come, by 9

a greater and more perfect tabernacle, not made with hands, “by his own blood he 10

entered on or into the holy things” (Greek “eis hagia”) Hebrews 9:8-12. 11

The phrase, “eis hagia” in verse 12, is the same as that rendered “holy places,” 12

in verse 24. 13

“Hagia”, in these two verses, is in the acc. pl. neuter [accusative, plural, neuter] and 14

governed by the preposition “eis” which signifies on, into, upon, 15

or among. Thus “Hagia”, being a neuter adjective, is properly rendered “holy 16

things;” but “Hagia” in verse 2, is in the nom. sin. fem. [nominative, singular, 17

feminine] and is properly rendered “Holy place”. 18

The definite article “the” belonging before “good things” in verse 11 and Hebrews 19

10:1 makes the expression mean things “good in themselves, or abstractly good.” 20


This shows the perfect harmony of Hebrews 9:11-12, 23-24, and Hebrews 10:1. 21

The “things” are “good in themselves,” “holy,” or “heavenly,” and in “heaven 22

itself,” where Christ has entered as our High Priest to “minister” for us; and those 23

“holy things” “in heaven” are connected with the “greater and more perfect 24

tabernacle,” “which the Lord pitched and not man;” the same as the holy things of 25

the first covenant were connected with their tabernacle, Hebrews 9:1-5; and all 26

those holy things together make the sanctuary. 27

The Holies (both of them) verse 8, the way of which was not made manifest [or 28

clearly seen] till the time of reformations, when Christ shed his own blood, belong 29

to his “greater and more perfect tabernacle,” spoken of in the next verse. I have 30

translated the names literally, because they are not literal in our common version. 31

The Douay Bible [the Catholic version] has them as here given. The [Greek] word in 32

Hebrews 9:8, 10, 19 is “Hagion”, “of the Holies” instead of the “holiest of all”; 33

and shows that the blood of Christ is the way or means by which he, as our High 34

Priest was to enter both apartments of the heavenly tabernacle [but not at the same 35

time]. 36

Now if there be but one place in the heavens, as many say, why were there two in 37

the figure? And why, in applying the figure, does Paul speak of two? Perhaps those 38

46

who “despise the law” and “corrupt the covenant of Levi” can explain this; 1

if not, we advise them to abide by Paul's exposition of the matter. 2

Entering the second apartment – for the judgment


Hebrews 6:19-20 is supposed to prove that Christ entered the Holy of Holies at his 3

ascension, because Paul said he had entered within the veil. But the veil which 4

divides between the Holy and the Holy of Holies is “the second veil,” Hebrews 5

9:3; hence there are two veils, and that in Hebrews 6, being the first of which he 6

speaks, must be the first veil, which hung before the Holy, and in Exodus was 7

called a curtain. When he entered within the veil, he entered his tabernacle, of 8

course the Holy, as that was the first apartment; but our hope, as an anchor of the 9

soul, enters within [both] the veils, i.e. the atonement of both apartments, including 10

both the forgiveness [in the daily] and the blotting out of sins [in the judgment]. 11

Those who hold that Christ entered the Holy of Holies at [or just after Calvary], 12

and has been ministering therein ever since his ascension, also believe, as of course 13

they must, that the atonement of the Gospel Dispensation is the antitype of the 14

atonement made on the tenth day of the seventh month under the law. 15

[Today this is taught as “The atonement was made and finished on the cross”!] 16

If this is so, the events of the legal tenth day in the Law of Moses, have had their 17

antitypes during the Gospel Dispensation. The first event in the atonement service 18

of that tenth day was the cleansing of the sanctuary, as we have seen from 19

Leviticus 16. Then, upon their theory, the sanctuary of the new covenant was 20

cleansed in the early part of the Gospel Dispensation. 21

There is no evidence that either the earth or Palestine, their “sanctuaries”, were 22

then cleansed. I call them “their sanctuaries”, for they are not the Lord's. But if the 23

Lord's new covenant sanctuary was then cleansed, the 2,300 days [of Daniel 8:14] 24

ended then [soon after Calvary]; but if they are years, which we all believe, they 25

extend 1,810 years beyond the 70 weeks [to 1844], and the last of those [70] weeks 26

[27AD to 34AD] was the first seven years of the new covenant or Gospel 27

Dispensation. 28


The fact that those days reach 1,810 beyond the 70 weeks, and that the sanctuary 29

could not be cleansed till the end of those days, is demonstration that the antitype 30

of the legal tenth day is not the Gospel Dispensation. 31

Again, if the atonement of that day is typical of the atonement of the Gospel 32

Dispensation, then the atonement made in the Holy, Hebrews 9:6, previous to 33

that day, was finished before the Gospel Dispensation began. 34

47

[Some believe that the atonement was made early in the Gospel Dispensation (at the 1

cross) but this is not possible in the types. There is an “atonement” made for the 2

forgiveness of sins, but it was not made on the 10th day of the 7th month. It was actually 3

a “daily” atonement. If the yearly “atonement” was made at the cross then the Day of 4

Atonement is over and the sanctuary already cleansed.] 5

It has been shown that a daily atonement was made for the forgiveness of sins, and 6

I have found no evidence that such an atonement was made on tenth day of the 7

seventh month [that ritual was for the removal of already forgiven sins]. The Gospel 8

Dispensation began with the preaching of Christ, and if it is the antitype of the 9

legal tenth day, one of the two things is true; 10

1. Either the Saviour, instead of fulfilling, has destroyed the greater part of the 11

law, the daily service of the Holy which occupies the whole year except one 12

day, the tenth of the seventh month; 13

2. Or else he fulfilled the whole law except one three hundred and sixtieth part 14

of it before the Gospel Dispensation began, and before he was anointed as 15

the Messiah to fulfil the law and the prophets. 16

One of these two conclusions is inevitable on the hypotheses that the Gospel 17

Dispensation and the atonement made in it, is the antitype of the legal tenth day, 18

and the atonement made in it. 19

Upon which of these horns will they hang? 20


If on the former, the declaration, “I came not to destroy the law,” pierces them; 21

but if they choose the latter, it then becomes them to prove that the law, which had 22

a shadow of good things to come, was fulfilled within itself, that the shadow and 23

substance filled the same place and time. Also they will need to prove that the 24

entire atonement for the forgiveness of sins was made before the Lamb was slain 25

with whose blood the atonement was to be made. 26

Now it must be clear to every one, that if the antitype of the yearly service 27

(Hebrews 9:7), began at the first Advent, the antitype of the daily (Hebrews 9:6), 28

had been previously fulfilled; and, as the atonement for forgiveness was a part of 29

that daily service, they are involved in the conclusion that there has been no 30

forgiveness of sins under the Gospel Dispensation. [Note this point with care.] 31

Such a theory is wholly at war with the entire intelligence of the Gospel 32

Dispensation, and stands rebuked, not only by Moses and Paul, but by the teaching 33

and works of our Saviour and his commission to his apostles, and by their 34

subsequent teaching and the history of the Christian church. 35

48

The atonement made at Calvary


But again, they say the atonement was made and finished on Calvary, when the 1

Lamb of God expired. So men have taught us, and so the churches and world 2

believe; but it is none the more true or sacred on that account, if unsupported by 3

Divine authority. 4

Perhaps few or none who hold that opinion have ever tested the foundation on 5

which it rests. 6

1. If the atonement was made on Calvary, by whom was it made? 7

The making of the atonement is the work of a Priest, but who officiated on 8

Calvary? - Roman soldiers and wicked Jews. 9

2. The slaying of the victim was not making the atonement. 10

The sinner slew the victim, Leviticus 4:1-4, 13-15. etc. [It was] after that the Priest 11

took the blood and made the atonement. Leviticus 4:5-12, 16-21. 12

3. Christ was the appointed High Priest to make the atonement, and he certainly 13

could not have acted in that capacity till after his resurrection, and we have no 14

record of his doing any thing on earth after his resurrection, which could be called 15

the atonement. [He was “asleep” in the grave until Sunday, then spent the next forty days in 16

visiting with His followers, after a brief trip to heaven. 1 Corinthians 15:3-7; Acts 1:1-4.] 17

4. The atonement was made in the sanctuary, but Calvary was not such a place. 18

5. He could not, according to Hebrews 8:4, make the atonement while on earth. 19

“If he were on earth, he should not be a Priest.” The Levitical was the earthly 20

priesthood, the Divine [the Melchisedec], the heavenly. 21

6. Therefore, he did not begin the work of making the atonement, whatever the 22

nature of that work may be, till after his ascension, when by his own blood he 23

entered his heavenly sanctuary for us [forty days after the crucifixion]. 24


Let us now examine a few texts that appear to speak of the atonement as passed. 25

“By whom we have now received the atonement,” (Romans 5:11, margin, 26

reconciliation). This passage clearly shows a present possession of the atonement 27

at that time the apostle wrote; but it by no means proves that the entire atonement 28

was then in the past. 29

When the Saviour was about to be taken up from his apostles, he “commanded 30

them that they should not depart from Jerusalem, but wait for the promise of the 31

Father,” which came on the day of Pentecost when they were all “baptized with the 32

Holy Ghost.” Christ had entered his Father's house, the sanctuary, as High Priest, 33

49

and began his intercession for his people by “praying the Father” for “another 1

Comforter,” John 14:15, “and having received of the Father the promise of the 2

Holy Ghost,” he shed it down upon his waiting apostles. Acts 2:33. Then, in 3

compliance with their commission, Peter, at the third hour of the day began to 4

preach, “Repent, and be baptized [passovered] every one of you in the name of Jesus 5

Christ, for the remission of sins,” Acts 2:38. 6

This word remission, signifies forgiveness, pardon or more literally sending away 7

of sins. 8


Now put by the side of this text another on this point from his discourse at the 9

ninth hour of the same day, Acts 3:19, “Repent you therefore; and be converted 10

that your sins may be blotted out when the times of refreshing shall come from the 11

presence of the Lord.” Here he exhorts to repentance and conversion (turning away 12

from sins); for what purpose? “That your sins may be (future) blotted out.” 13

Every one can see that the blotting out of sins does not take place at repentance and 14

conversion; but follows, and must of necessity be preceded by them. Repentance, 15

conversion, and baptism had then become imperative duties in the present tense; 16

and when performed, those doing them “washed away” (Acts 22:16) remitted or 17

sent away from them their sins. (Acts 2:28); and of course are forgiven and have 18

“received the atonement;” but they had not received it entirely at that time, because 19

their sins were not yet blotted out. 20

How far then had they advanced in the reconciling process? 21

Just so far as the individual under the law had when he had confessed his sin, 22

brought his victim to the door of the tabernacle, laid his hand upon it and slain it, 23

and the priest had with its blood entered the Holy and sprinkled it before the veil 24

and upon the altar and thus made an atonement for him, and he was forgiven. 25

[See Appendix A, page 66, for an update on this statement.] 26

Only that was the earthly type, and this the spiritual reality. 27

That prepared for the cleansing of the great day of atonement; this for the blotting 28

out of sins “when the times of refreshing shall come from the presence of the Lord, 29

and he shall send Jesus.” Hence, “by whom we have now received the atonement” 30

is the same as “by whom we have received forgiveness of sin.” At this point the 31

man is “made free from sin” by being forgiven. 32

The Lamb on Calvary's cross is our victim slain [as the Passover Lamb, not the daily 33

burnt sacrifice]; “Jesus the Mediator of the new Covenant” “in the heavens” is our 34

interceding High Priest, making atonement with his own blood, by and with which 35

he entered there. 36

50


The essence of the process is the same as in the “shadow”. 1

1st. Convinced of sin; 2

2nd. Repentance and Confession; 3

3rd. Present the Divine sacrifice bleeding. 4

This done in faith and sincerity we can do no more, no more is required [of us]. 5

Then in the heavenly sanctuary our High Priest with his own blood makes the 6

atonement and we are forgiven [blood is the evidence of a death]. 1 Peter 2:24; “Who 7

his own self bare our sins in his own body on the tree.” See also Matthew 8:17; 8

Isaiah 53:4-12. His body is the “one sacrifice” for repenting mortals, to which 9

their sins are imputed, and through whose blood in the hands of the living active 10

Priest they are conveyed to the heavenly sanctuary. That was offered “once for 11

all,” “on the tree;” and all who would avail themselves of its merits must through 12

faith, there receive it as theirs, bleeding at the hands of sinful mortals like 13

themselves. 14

[Although all Christians are individually guilty of the death of the Son of God 15

because of the exchange made in the Passover, no human caused the death of the Son 16

of man on the cross. On the contrary, He stated emphatically that He willing laid 17

down His life for His sheep. John 10:15. Then He said, “Therefore does My Father 18

love Me, because I lay down My life, that I might take it again. No man takes it from 19

Me, but I lay it down of Myself. I have power to lay it down, and I have power to 20

take it again. This commandment [permission] have I received of My Father”. John 21

10:17-18. It was a great picture of His eternal sacrifice!] 22

After thus obtaining the atonement of forgiveness we must “maintain good works,” 23

not the “deeds of the law;” but “being dead to sin should live unto righteousness” 24

[in the new covenant]. (1 Peter 2:24.) 25

This work we all understand to be peculiar to the Gospel Dispensation. 26


The Age to Come - the millennium

All believers in the Bible expect a glorious age to follow the present, and entertain 27

some ideas of its nature which they profess to have drawn from the Bible. 28

[Some of] the churches think the Bible teaches the final triumph of Christian 29

principles in the conversion of all nations; while we believe that the glories of that 30

age will be ushered in by the personal and visible Advent of Jesus, the resurrection 31

and change of his saints and the destruction of his enemies. 32

Hence all admit our license to inquire and speak the nature of that age, and 33

certainly we have liberty to learn what the scriptures say on the subject. 34

51

“And Jesus answering said to them, The children of this world (age) marry and are 1

given in marriage; but they which shall be accounted worthy to obtain that world 2

(age) and the resurrection from the dead, neither marry nor are given in marriage”. 3

Luke 20: 34-35. 4

“That world” is placed in contrast with “this world” – in “this” they marry and are 5

given in marriage, in “that” they shall do neither; but are exempt from death and 6

are like the angels. Thus he teaches a future and peculiar age, to enjoy which we 7

must also obtain the resurrection from the dead. 8

It will be an age of rewards. “You shall be recompensed at the resurrection of the 9

just”. Luke 14:14. “Blessed is he that shall eat bread in the Kingdom of God”. 10

Verse 15. “Verily, I say to you, That you which have followed me in the 11

regeneration, when the Son of Man shall sit in the throne of his glory, you also 12

shall sit upon twelve thrones judging [leading] the twelve tribes of Israel”. Matthew 13

19:28. Our Father's Kingdom for which we now pray will then have come, when 14

His will be done on earth as it is in heaven. It will be “the day of the LORD,” “the 15

day of judgment & perdition of ungodly men” (2 Peter 3:7); “in which the heavens 16

and earth which are now shall pass away” (2 Peter 3:10), and the promised New 17

Heavens and earth appear. 18


This identifies “the age to come” with “the times of restitution”. 19

The Greek word, “Apokalaslasis”, means restoration of any thing to its former 20

state, hence, “the introduction of a new and better era”; and “the times of 21

refreshing”. “Anapsuxis, refreshing coolness after heat, recreation, rest”. 22

The identity of “The Times of Restitution” with “The Dispensation of the Fullness 23

of Times” is also apparent. Ephesians 1:10. As Peter in Acts 3: presents the two 24

cardinal points in the atonement, conversion at present, and blotting out of sins 25

future; so Paul in this epistle, Ephesians 1:7, says, “in whom we have redemption, 26

[in] the forgiveness of sins”. 27

At the same time we receive the Holy Spirit of promise, the earnest [down payment] 28

of our inheritance, verses 13-14, which makes known to us the mystery of his will, 29

“That in the Dispensation of the Fullness of Times he might gather together all 30

things (on, in, or by,) Christ, both which are in heaven and which are on earth.” 31

Ephesians 1:10. 32

This gathering is the future object of hope [and is] the same as the redemption 33

(deliverance procured by the payment of a ransom [the price*]) of the purchased 34

possession. Ephesians 1:14. 35

(* Ransom implies a kidnapper, or villain, while price is simply the cost of a transaction.) 36

52

The things to be gathered are in heaven and earth, and “anakephalaios” signifies to 1

bring or reduce back again under one head. That is, the different and sundered 2

[separated] parts of the Kingdom, Capitol and King “in heaven,” [and] the subjects 3

and territory “on the earth,” are to be redeemed or gathered again into one kingdom 4

under one “Head,” of the Son of David, and the Dispensation of the Fullness of 5

Times is the period in which it is to be done. This is the period of inheritance and 6

follows that of the Dispensation of Grace. Ephesians 3:2, 6. (See also Hosea 1:11.) 7

In it the promises of the covenants in their largest sense will be inherited. 8


We think it has been shown that the atonement of the Gospel Dispensation is the 9

antitype of that made by the priests in their daily service, and that prepared for, and 10

made necessary, the yearly atonement, and [that this latter atonement] cleansed the 11

sanctuary and the people from ALL their sins. It appears like a certainty, that the 12

antitypes of the daily ministration of the priests and the vernal [spring] types stretch 13

right through the Gospel Dispensation. 14

As that composed but part of the atonement and antitypes we have good reason to 15

believe that the remaining antitypes, the autumnal, and the remainder of the 16

atonement, the yearly, will be fulfilled on the same principle as to time and occupy 17

a period or dispensation of at least 1000 years. 18

[Just as the “daily” (made up of the Passover (“rebirth”), Unleavened Bread (“sound 19

doctrine”) and Pentecost (“the warning ability”) and will occupy all the Gospel 20

Dispensation (from 27AD to the second coming), so the “yearly” (The Feasts of 21

Trumpets, Atonement and Tabernacles) will occupy a period of at least 1,000+ years, 22

having commenced in 1844. 23

“That age” will be highly exalted above “this age”, and form the stepping-stone to 24

the unmingled fadeless and eternal glories of the earth redeemed and Edenized 25

again. Who can find fault, if the Lord has given us in the law the shadows of that 26

age? Who will not rather seek the Spirit of Truth which shall “bring all things to 27

your remembrance,” even “the Law of Moses” and “show us things to come,” 28

“the good things to come”? 29


It will be literally an age of repairs, in which the immortal saints will work under 30

the supervision of the King of kings - an age of restitution, of blotting out of sin 31

with all its direful effects, the age for the redemption of the purchased possession, 32

the grand and final Jubilee, in which all captives of Zion in and out of the grave, 33

being released and gathered from among the heathen and out of all countries, shall 34

be cleansed from all their iniquities, possess their “own land,” and the wastes shall 35

be builded. They shall be “one nation . . . And David my servant shall be king 36

over them; and they shall have one shepherd: they shall also walk in my judgment, 37

and observe my statutes, and do them.” Ezekiel 37:21-24. 38

53

“And I will set my sanctuary in the midst of them for evermore. My tabernacle 1

also shall be with them: yea, I will be their God, and they shall be my people. 2

And the heathen shall know that I the Lord do sanctify Israel, when my sanctuary 3

shall be in the midst of them for evermore.” Ezekiel 37:26-27. 4

They [the rejecters] shall know this when Satan shall gather them, Gog and Magog, 5

from the four quarters of the earth [after the second resurrection] about the “camp of 6

the saints and the beloved City” (Revelation 20:8-9,) when they shall “come into 7

the land that is brought back from the sword,” “the land of unwalled villages,” 8

the desolate places that are at that time inhabited by “them that are at rest,” 9

“that are gathered out of the nations, which have gotten cattle and goods, that dwell 10

in the midst of the land.” (See Ezekiel chapters 38 and 39.) 11

But at the same time [in amongst the rejecters] “every man's sword shall be against 12

his brother,” [Zechariah 14:13] and “fire from God out of heaven shall devour them:” 13

See again Ezekiel chapters 36, 37, 38. 14


We have seen that the Dispensation following the Gospel Dispensation is a day of 15

cleansing, and continues even after the Lord has taken his people from among the 16

heathen and gathered them out of all countries into their own land, which is 17

evidently the same as bringing them up out of their graves into the land of new 18

Israel [heaven and the new world]. “Then, (after the resurrection and they are brought 19

into their own land) will I sprinkle clean water upon you, and you shall be clean;” 20

Ezekiel 36:24-25. 21

To cleanse the people, that they might be clean from all their sins “before the 22

Lord” was the object of the atonement of the tenth day of the seventh month under 23

the law. Leviticus 16:30. The evidence is satisfactory to my mind that that day is 24

[the beginning of] the type of the Dispensation of the Fullness of Times, the age to 25

come. 26

What! Are we to be sinful and unclean when immortal? Let us “be patient.” 27

“The righteous shall not make haste.” (Isaiah 28:16.) 28

29

The Lord says he will sprinkle them with clean water [containing the ashes] and 30

cleanse them thereby after he has gathered them into their own land. (Ezekiel 31

36:25.) Whether the sprinkling of water is literal or figurative, it shows that he will 32

perform a cleansing process upon them. Blood and water issued from our Saviour's 33

side. Objects under the law were cleansed by blood and water; and we have already 34

seen that if those objects were physically unclean, as by the leprosy or any thing 35

else, all such uncleanness had to be removed in preparation for the real cleansing. 36

54


The atonement was made for the object with blood or blood and water, and the 1

atonement cleansed them. [Consider the ritual of the ashes of the red heifer in Numbers 2

chapter 19 which was used after a death.] 3

So our Saviour after he had cleansed the leper of his disease commanded him to go 4

and offer for his cleansing. Mark 1:41-44. So the people were themselves freed 5

from their sins by the atonement previously made for them individually in the 6

Holy, to prepare them for the yearly cleansing. 7

From this it is manifest that the whole house of Israel will need to have their sins 8

forgiven and their vile bodies changed to fit them for the cleansing spoken of. 9

Ezekiel 36:25. The cleansing of the sanctuary did not finish the cleansing for 10

the people; for, after the scape-goat had borne away all the iniquities of the people, 11

the high priest had yet to offer the burnt-offerings and burn the fat of the sin-12

offerings on the altar in the court, which formed a part of the atonement of the day; 13

and it required the whole atonement of that day to cleanse the people. Leviticus 14

16:22-30. 15

[Consider the fact that many of the resurrected ones will have gone into their graves with 16

grievous errors of doctrine which will need to be removed from their minds. Some, who 17

thought they were unbelievers, will even have despised what they saw as professed 18

Christianity, but which was merely a counterfeit!] 19


The cleansing of the sanctuary – the removal of sins

This, in fulfilment of the Law, is the first event in the antitype of the tenth day of 20

the seventh month. We have seen, both from the New Testament and the Old, that 21

this sanctuary is not earthly but heavenly, in the New Jerusalem, as the sanctuary 22

of the first covenant formed a part of Old Jerusalem. 23

Here an inferential objection arises, which in many minds overwhelms any amount 24

of Bible argument on this point. It is, New Jerusalem cannot be defiled, hence 25

needs no cleansing; therefore, New Jerusalem is not the sanctuary. 26

A very summary process of inferential deduction truly, especially for those who 27

have said so much on the insufficiency of mere inferential [circumstantial] 28

testimony. We would advise them to review the grounds of their faith, and see how 29

many and strong arguments they have for the earth or Palestine being the 30

sanctuary, and how many objections to the sanctuary of the new covenant being 31

where its Priest is, that are not entirely inferential; and then in place of their 32

inferences, take the plain testimony of the Word and teach it. 33

But how was the sanctuary defiled? The sanctuary of the Old Testament, being on 34

earth, could be, and was, defiled in various ways - by an unclean person entering it; 35

55

“She shall touch no hallowed thing, nor come into the sanctuary, until the days of 1

her purifying be fulfilled;” Leviticus 12:4. 2

It could be profaned by the high priest going out of it for the dead while the 3

anointing oil was upon him (Leviticus 21:12); by a man's negotiating to purify 4

himself (Numbers 19:20). The entire chief of the priests and of the people polluted 5

it by transgressing very much after all the abominations of the heathen. 6

2 Chronicles 36:14. “Surely, because you have defiled my sanctuary with all your 7

detestable things, and with all your abominations (idolatry), therefore will I 8

diminish you”. Ezekiel 5:11. 9


“Moreover this they have done to me; they have defiled my sanctuary in the same 10

day, and have profaned my Sabbaths: for when they had slain their children to their 11

idols, then they came the same day into my sanctuary to profane it”. Ezekiel 12

33:38-39. “Her priests have polluted the sanctuary; they have done violence to the 13

law”. Zephaniah 3:4. 14

Antiochus polluted it by offering swine flesh upon its altar. [See 1 Maccabees 1:41-50? 15

in the Apocrypha.] 16

From these texts we can clearly see that it was moral rather than physical 17

uncleanness that defiled the earthly sanctuary in the sight of the LORD. True, it did 18

become physically unclean, but that uncleanness had to be removed 19

before the atonement was made by which it was reconciled or cleansed. 20

See 2 Chronicles 29. And that, we have seen was the law of cleansing (Leviticus 21

chapters 12 to 15). The object must be made visibly clean, so to speak, so that we 22

would call it clean, to prepare it for its real cleansing with blood. 23

Now no one supposes that New Jerusalem is unclean or ever has been, as its type 24

was when overrun, desecrated and desolated by Syrian, Chaldean or Roman 25

soldiery, or trodden by wicked priests. Even if it were, the removing of such 26

defilement would not be the cleansing it was to undergo at the end of the 2300 27

days. 28

The sanctuary was unclean in some sense, or else it would not need to be cleansed; 29

and it must in some way have received its uncleanness from man. 30

Removed, as the heavenly sanctuary is far from the midst of mortals and entered 31

only by our Forerunner, Jesus, made a High Priest, it can only be defiled by 32

mortals through his agency, and for them cleansed by the same agency. 33


The legal typical earthly process of defiling and cleansing the sanctuary through 34

the agency of the priest [in the Old Testament] has been examined. 35

56

With that in our minds, let us go to the New Testament. Paul says, “For it pleased 1

the Father that in him should all fullness dwell, and having made (margin, making) 2

peace through the blood of his cross, by him to reconcile all things unto himself; 3

by him I say, whether they be things on earth or things in heaven.” Colossians 4

1:19-20. When “things on earth” are spoken of in connection or contrast with 5

“things in heaven,” no one can understand them all to be in the same place. 6

“Things in heaven” are to be reconciled as well as “things on earth.” 7

If they needed reconciling they were unreconciled; if unreconciled, then unclean in 8

some sense in his sight. The blood [death] of Christ [as the Son of God] is the means, 9

and Christ himself is the agent of reconciling to the Father both the things in 10

heaven and the things on earth. People have an idea that in heaven where our 11

Saviour has gone, every thing is, and always was perfect beyond change or 12

improvement. But he said, “In my Father's house are many mansions; if it were 13

not so, I would have told you. I go to prepare a place for you.” [John 14:2.] He went 14

into heaven, and Paul says that the “building of God, a house not made with hands” 15

is in the heavens. 2 Corinthians 5:1. 16

For what did he go to his Father's house? “To prepare a place for you.” 17

Then it was unprepared, and when he has prepared it, he will come again and take 18

us to himself. 19

Again, “It was therefore necessary that the patterns of things in the heavens should 20

be purified with these; but the heavenly things themselves with better sacrifices 21

than these.” Hebrews 9:23. 22


What were the patterns? “The tabernacle and all the vessels of the ministry,” 23

(verse 21), which constituted the worldly sanctuary. Hebrews 9:1. 24

What were the heavenly things themselves? The greater and more perfect 25

tabernacle (verse 11), and the good things and the holy things (verses 11-12). 26

These are all in heaven itself. 27

“For Christ is not entered into the holy places made with hands, which are figures 28

of the true; but into heaven itself.” Verse 24. 29

Paul here shows that it was as necessary to purify the heavenly things, as it was to 30

purify their patterns, the worldly. It was therefore necessary. Why? He has before 31

been speaking of the daily ministration of the priests, and its antitype, Christ's 32

mediation of the new covenant, “for the redemption of the transgressions.” 33

Under the former the blood of bulls and goats and the ashes of a [red] heifer 34

sanctified [cleansed] to the purifying of the flesh [on the earth]; but under the latter, 35

57

the blood of Christ purges our conscience. Then “without shedding of blood is no 1

remission.” (Verse 22.) 2

The necessity of cleansing the heavenly things is induced [brought about] by the 3

daily atonement being made therein through the blood of Christ for the remission 4

or forgiveness of sins and purifying of our consciences. And almost all things are 5

by the law purged with blood. The patterns were purified “every year” (verse 25) 6

with the blood of bulls and goats; but in the antitype of that yearly expiation the 7

heavenly things themselves must be purified with the blood of the better sacrifice 8

of Christ himself once offered. 9

This reconciles the “things in heaven” (Colossians 1:20) and cleanses the sanctuary 10

of the new Covenant. Daniel 8:14. 11


The Scape-goat – the destination of the forgiven sins

The next event of that day after the sanctuary was cleansed, was putting all the 12

iniquities and transgressions of the children of Israel upon the head of the scape-13

goat and sending him away into a land not inhabited, or of separation. 14

It is supposed by almost every one that this goat typified Christ in some of his 15

offices, and that the type was fulfilled at the first Advent. 16

From this opinion I must differ; because, 17

1st. That goat was not sent away till after the High Priest had made an end of 18

cleansing the sanctuary, Leviticus 16:20-21; hence that event cannot meet its 19

antitype till after the end of the 2300 days. 20

2nd. It was sent away from Israel into the wilderness, a land not inhabited, to 21

receive them. If our blessed Saviour is its antitype, He also must be sent away, not 22

his body alone, but soul and body, for the goat was sent away alive, from, not to 23

nor into this people; neither into heaven, for that is not a wilderness or land not 24

inhabited. 25

3rd. It received and retained all the iniquities of Israel; but when Christ appears 26

the second time He will be “without sin.” 27

4th. The goat received the iniquities from the hands of the priest and he sent it 28

away. As Christ is the priest the goat must be something else besides himself, and 29

which he can send away. 30

5th. This was one of two goats chosen for that day, one was the Lord's and 31

offered for a sin-offering; but the other was not called the Lord's neither offered as 32

a sacrifice. Its only office was to receive the iniquities from the priest after he had 33

58

cleansed the sanctuary from them, and bear them into a land not inhabited, leaving 1

the sanctuary, priest and people behind and free from their iniquities. Leviticus 2

16:7-10, 22. 3


6th. The Hebrew name of the scape-goat, as will be seen from the margin of 4

verse 8, is “Azazel”. On this verse, William Jenks, in his Comp[rehensive] 5

Com[mentary] has the following remarks; 6

“Scape-goat. See diff[erent] opin[ion] in Bochart. Spencer, after the 7

oldest opinion of the Hebrews and Christians, thinks Azazel is the name 8

of the devil; and so Rosenmire, whom see. The Syriac [translation] has 9

“Azazel, the angel, (Strong one) who revolted.” 10

7th. At the appearing of Christ, as taught from Revelation 20, Satan is to be 11

bound and cast into the bottomless pit, which act and place are significantly 12

symbolized by the ancient High Priest sending the scape-goat into a separate and 13

uninhabited wilderness. 14

8th. Thus we have the Scripture, the definition of the name in two ancient 15

languages both spoken at the same time, and oldest opinion of the Christians in 16

favour of regarding the scape-goat as a type of Satan. In the common use of the 17

term, men always associate it with something mean, calling the greatest villains 18

and refugees from justice scape-goats. 19

Ignorance of the law and its meaning is the only possible origin that can be 20

assigned for the opinion that the scape-goat was a type of Christ. 21


Because it is said, “The goat shall bear upon him all their iniquities into a land not 22

inhabited” (Leviticus 16:22), and John said, “Behold the Lamb of God, that takes 23

(margin, bears) away the sin of the world,” it is concluded without further thought 24

that the former was the type of the latter. But a little attention to the law will show 25

that the sins were borne from the people by the priest, and from the priest by the 26

goat. 27

1st. They are imparted to the victim. 28

2nd. The priest bore them in its blood to the sanctuary. 29

3rd. After cleansing them from it on the tenth day of the seventh month, he 30

bore them to the scape-goat. 31

And 32

59

4th. The goat finally bore them away beyond the camp of Israel to the 1

wilderness. 2

This was the legal process, and when fulfilled the author of sins will have received 3

them back again, (but the ungodly will bear their own sins), and his head will have 4

been bruised by the seed of the woman; the “strong man armed” will have been 5

bound by a stronger than he, “and his house (the grave) spoiled of its goods (the 6

saints).” Matthew 12:29; Leviticus 11:21-22 [see Leviticus 16:21-22]. The thousand 7

years imprisonment of Satan will have begun, and the saints will have entered 8

upon their millennial reign with Christ. 9


The antitype of the legal tenth day, the Dispensation of the Fullness of Times, must 10

begin long enough before the 1000 years of Revelation 20: to give time for the 11

cleansing of the sanctuary, the antitype of confessing and putting the sins on the 12

head of the scape-goat. 13

This antitype covers the time occupied by the “last end of indignation” (Daniel 14

8:19); the cry of God's elect to be avenged (Luke 18:1-8); the travail of Zion, 15

(Ezekiel in the valley of dry bones); the loud cry of the 5th angel (Revelation 16

14:15); the Laodicean church (Revelation 3:14); and the 7 last plagues. (Revelation 17

chapters 15 & 16.) 18

19

Our limits will not admit of [our giving] the particulars here. The first resurrection is 20

fixed at the appearing of Christ and so is the beginning of the 1000 [years] at the 21

first resurrection. 1 Thessalonians 4:16; Revelation 20:4-5. 22

The sanctuary must be cleansed before Christ appears; because, 23

1. He “was once offered to bear the sins of many; and unto them that look for him 24

shall he appear the second time without sin unto salvation.” Now as his last act in 25

bearing the sins of many is to bear them from the sanctuary after he has cleansed it, 26

and as he does not appear till after having borne the sins of many, and then without 27

sin; it is manifest that the sanctuary must be cleansed before he appears. 28

2. The host are still under the indignation [or persecution] after the sanctuary is 29

cleansed. Daniel 8. Both the sanctuary and the host were trodden under foot. 30

“Unto 2300 days then shall the sanctuary [begin to] be cleansed,” or justified 31

(margin). 32

This is the first point in the explanation, and after this Daniel still “sought for the 33

meaning of the vision,” and Gabriel came “to make him know what should be in 34

the last end of the indignation.” 35

60


In the explanation which follows he says nothing about the sanctuary, because that 1

had been explained by the Wonderful Numberer. He now tells him about the host 2

upon whom the last end of the indignation still rests after the sanctuary is cleansed. 3

This indignation is the Lord's staff - in the hands of the wicked - to chastise his 4

people. It was first put into the hands of the Assyrian and has been inherited by 5

each of his successors, which have in turn been sent “against an hypocritical 6

nation, to take the prey and to take the spoil and to tread them down like the mire 7

of the streets.” Isaiah 10:6. 8

The last end of the indignation is evidently the bitter persecutions, and the severe 9

and searching trial of God's people, after the sanctuary is cleansed, and before the 10

indignation is made to cease in the destruction of the little Horn, the fruit and the 11

successor of the Assyrian. Daniel 8:25; Isaiah 10:12, 25. 12

3. The sanctuary must be cleansed before the resurrection, for the Lord has 13

provided a comforting message for his people, telling them that it is done. 14

“Comfort ye, comfort you my people, says your God. Speak you comfortably to 15

Jerusalem, and cry unto her that her warfare (margin, appointed time) is 16

accomplished, that her iniquity is pardoned: for she has received of the Lord's hand 17

double for all her sins.” Isaiah 40:1-2. 18

Jerusalem and the Lord's people are here spoken of, as the sanctuary and host are 19

in Daniel 8. His people, when Jerusalem's appointed time is accomplished, are 20

affected and are to be comforted by telling them that her iniquity is pardoned. 21


This must be New Jerusalem (for there was never any time set for pardoning the 22

iniquity of Old Jerusalem), which must have had iniquity of some kind and from 23

some source, else she could not be pardoned of it. The fact that the Lord has 24

commanded to comfort his people by telling them that Jerusalem's iniquity is 25

pardoned, is proof positive that she had iniquity, and that it will be removed before 26

his people are delivered and enter her with songs and everlasting joy. 27

This message is similar to that in Isaiah 52:9. After the good and peaceful tidings 28

have been published, saying to Zion, Your God reigns, it is declared, “The Lord 29

has comforted his people, he has redeemed Jerusalem.” - New Jerusalem was in a 30

state from which she had to be redeemed, and that before the resurrection; for the 31

next verse says, “All the ends of the earth shall see the salvation of our God.” 32

The Transition – from the old to the new

The opinion generally obtains that the seventh trumpet ushers in the Age to come. 33

The first thing upon its sounding are “great voices saying, The kingdoms of this 34

world are become the kingdoms of our Lord and of his Christ.” [Revelation 11:15.] 35

61

These voices must be heard in the world in which those kingdoms are. It is also 1

evident that the kingdoms sustain a different relation to God at the time these 2

voices are heard, from what they did before the 7th trumpet sounded. [This is the 3

close of human probation.] 4


The declaration, “He shall reign forever and ever;” and the humble expression of 5

thanks from the twenty-four elders, (a symbol of the whole church), “Because You 6

have taken to You Your great power and have reigned”, (Revelation 11:17) shows 7

that at that time he began to reign in a special sense. 8

Such voices have been heard since the 7th month [October 22] 1844, and produced 9

the effects here described, deep humiliation and profound gratitude. [But now they 10

need to be heard again! See Revelation 10:11.] 11

This change of the relation of the kingdoms of this world to Christ, is the same as 12

making his enemies his footstool (Hebrews 10:13), which event was expected by 13

him while he sat at the right hand of the Father fulfilling the daily ministration. 14

Hebrews 10:11-12. Revelation 10 gives in part the character and circumstances of 15

the transition from the Gospel to the following Dispensation. The angel that 16

declares, “There should be time no longer,” is not speaking of the time of the Lord 17

at his appearing, for after uttering that oath he told John, “You must prophesy 18

again.” Whatever the nature of this prophesying may be, it certainly follows the 19

oath of verses 6-7. 20

I think we have misunderstood the 7th verse. 21

We have understood or explained the 6th verse as the language of the angel, but 22

the 7th as a declaration of John; whereas both verses are the language of the angel, 23

the 7th being a qualification or explanation of the 6th, showing the manner in 24

which time should close. The angel of the Philadelphia church having “an open 25

door” gave the Midnight Cry with the solemn assurance of this oath. He swore, or 26

positively declared, “That there should be time no longer, but in the days of the 27

voice of the 7th angel, when he shall begin to sound, the mystery of God should be 28

finished, as he has declared to his servants the prophets.” [See note 1 on page 73.] 29

There are “days” (plural) in which the 7th angel begins to sound. 30


Whether these days are literal or symbolic, which is most in accordance with the 31

character of this book, they denote a short period of time, in which not only the 7th 32

angel begins to sound, but the mystery of God is finished also. 33

Thus we see that the mystery is finished, not in a point, but in a period, and while 34

the mystery is finishing, the 7th angel is beginning to sound. What is the mystery 35

62

to be finished? “The mystery of the Gospel.” Ephesians 6:19. “The mystery which 1

was kept secret since the world began, but is now made manifest.” 2

The riches of the glory of this mystery is “Christ in you, the hope of glory” [through 3

the Passover ritual]. Colossians 1:27. “The mystery of Christ, which in other ages 4

was not made known unto the sons of men, as it is now revealed unto his holy 5

apostles and prophets by the spirit; that the Gentiles should be fellow heirs, and of 6

the same body, and partakers of his promise in Christ by the gospel.” Ephesians 7

3:4-6. 8

It is the mystery of the Dispensation of the Grace of God. Verse 2. 9

These texts show that the mystery of God or Christ is the Gospel Dispensation. 10

It is the period of hope and heirship. While we hope we pray for the object of 11

hope, and that is glory - as exhibited on the Holy Mount, immortality, the kingdom 12

and society of Jesus. 13


Until these are obtained we hope; and while we hope the mystery is not finished. 14

The overlapping – two at once

Again, we are potential heirs during the mystery of God, and when that is finished, 15

we shall become inheritors. We must therefore conclude that the mystery of God 16

(the gospel message) will end with the mysterious change from mortal to 17

immortality. 1 Corinthians 15:51-54. Then, as the Dispensation of the Fullness of 18

Times begins with the 7th trumpet, and the Gospel Dispensation reaches to the 19

resurrection, it is manifest that the Dispensation of the Fullness of Times, begins 20

before the Gospel Dispensation ends. 21

There is a short period of overlapping or running together of the two 22

Dispensations, in which the peculiarities of both mingle like the twilight, minglings 23

of light and darkness. 24

This was also the manner of change from the Dispensation of the Law to the 25

[Dispensation of the] Gospel. Gabriel said to Daniel, “Seventy weeks are determined 26

upon your people and upon the holy city.” [Daniel 9:24.] It is presumed that all 27

agree that these 70 weeks reached to the end of the legal dispensation and no 28

further [34AD]. The Messiah came at the end of the 69 weeks [or the beginning of the 29

70th

depending on how you see it] and began to preach the gospel, (Mark 1:14-15; 30

Matthew 4:23) which Paul calls the New Covenant. And he confirmed this 31

covenant with many for one week, the last one of the 70. 32

63


Hence, the legal Dispensation ended seven years after the Gospel Dispensation 1

began; and the last symbolic week of one was the first of the other; and while one 2

was being finished, the other was being introduced and confirmed or established. 3

Whether that period of seven years is an express type of the crisis period between 4

the Gospel Dispensation and the Dispensation of the Fullness of Times or not, it 5

furnishes a strong argument from analogy, corroborating the plain testimony of the 6

Word, that there must be such a period. 7

I see no evidences that the latter must be of the same length of the former. 8

To learn its length we must have recourse to other sources of evidence. 9

Yet there is a striking similarity between them. 10

At that time [the 70th week of the Jews] the world and the mass of God's professed 11

people were unbelieving, and greatly indifferent about the transpiring events in the 12

Providence of God, momentous as they were. The adherents to the new era [the 13

Christians] were a sect everywhere spoken against. They had little or no reverence 14

for the old and commandment-nullifying traditions of Judaism. They were called 15

movers of seditions, endangering the place and nation; drunken, because filled with 16

the Holy Ghost; and mad, because mighty in the truth. 17


They had peculiar faith; and their preaching and conduct were such as to cause the 18

professors [of Judaism] to accuse them of breaking the law; and finally they [the 19

Jews] denounced and excluded the whole Christian group of religionists en masse 20

for their infidelity. 21

The teaching and practice even of our Saviour and the apostles appeared to them 22

contradictory - at times they seemed to recognize the authority of the law, and then 23

again totally to disregard it, and insist upon the new order of things. He resolved 24

their ten commandments into two (Matthew 22:36-40); dismissed the woman 25

without being stoned according to the law (John 8:10-11); forgave sins without the 26

legal sacrifices (Matthew 9:2-7); healed without requiring to offer according to the 27

law, and that even on the Sabbath day (John 5:8-9); and yet declared that he came 28

not to destroy the law, but to fulfil it (Matthew 5:17). 29

Again, when he had healed a leper, he charged him to go and show himself to the 30

priest and offer for his cleansing those things which Moses commanded (Luke 31

17:14). He also ate the Passover according to law. 32

Both he and his apostles, on some occasions excluded, and on others admitted the 33

Gentiles to privileges, which according to the law could be enjoyed only by the 34

Jews. Thus they recognized the presence and claims of both dispensations at the 35

same time; one entering and displacing the other, not instantly, but gradually, by a 36

64

succession of events, each distinct in itself, but all connected in harmony, 1

transpiring in fulfilment of prophesy, and forming the circumstances of the Advent, 2

which was one distinct event, and the nucleus of all the rest. 3

A little before his crucifixion Jesus came [riding on the mule] as King to Jerusalem, 4

the Metropolis and Capitol of that Dispensation. (Zechariah 9:9; Matthew 21:5). 5

The City was under his absolute authority for a time; he had declared its house 6

desolate and now entered and cleansed the temple again. Luke 19:45. 7


As then, so now, according to the Scriptures, a series of events constitute the 8

circumstances of our Lord's appearing, and form the crisis of the two 9

Dispensations. In that period his crucifixion and resurrection were the principle 10

events to which all others are subservient. 11

But there are other events connected with these, and which must of necessity 12

precede them. One of these events as we have already seen is the cleansing of the 13

sanctuary. Another is the marriage. That Christ ever was or ever will be married as 14

human beings are, no one pretends; but that there is a divine transaction, illustrated 15

for our understanding under the figure of a marriage, it is infidelity to deny. 16


Christ is the Bridegroom and New Jerusalem the Bride. Revelation 21:2. 17

The marriage then signifies their union in a special sense, and of course must take 18

place where the bride is, in the heavens. The heavens must receive Jesus till the 19

times of restitution, then the Father will send him from the heavens. Acts 3:20-21. 20

He went to his Father's house in New Jerusalem, and when he has prepared it he 21

will come again from it to receive us (Luke 12:36). True the word “Gaines”, 22

which is rendered marriage or wedding, signifies “the nuptial ceremony, including 23

the banquet”; but not the banquet alone, as some would have us believe. 24

Where is the place of these transactions? With the Bride of course. 25

When the Bridegroom came to the marriage then, he could not have come to the 26

earth from heaven, for then he would have come from instead of to the marriage, 27

but he must have come to the place of marriage, in New Jerusalem. 28

But says one, “How could he come where he was already?” We must remember 29

that the Bride is not a person, but a city, 12,000 furlongs or 1,500 miles square. 30

The central point and fountain of all its glory is the Ancient of days. 31

Christ doubtless has been personally within the limits of that City ever since his 32

ascension, and when the [midnight] cry in 1844 was given he came to the Ancient of 33

65

Days and the scenes of marriage, which in their amplitude will occupy a great part, 1

if not all, of the Dispensation of the Fullness of Times, then began. 2

And, as when Christ comes again he will come from New Jerusalem after the 3

scenes of marriage have there begun, every one will see that he will return to earth 4

from the wedding, and we, waiting, will meet him and return with him to the bridal 5

City to share in the festive joys. 6


Dear Brethren, I must close for the present and leave the subject with you. 7

May the Lord correct and enlarge our conceptions of himself and his Plan, and 8

direct our hearts into the patient waiting for Jesus. Let us in humble obedience 9

follow the Lamb in the expanding developments of His Word and Providence. 10

Canandaigua, N.Y. 11

Jan. 17, 1846, 12

O. R. L. CROZIER.

oooOooo

66


A further letter from O. R. L. Crozier

Published in the Day Star 11 May 1846

* * * * *

East Hamilton Mad. Co., April 13, 1846.

Dear Bro Jacobs, 1

If there is room in your little sheet, I wish to lay before the brethren a few thoughts 2

on the anti-types of the autumnal types. They were the memorial of blowing of 3

trumpets on the first day of the seventh month, the day of Atonement and Jubilee 4

trumpet on the tenth, and the Feast of Tabernacles on the fifteenth of the seventh 5

month. Some evidences have been presented in the “Day-Star Extra” to show that 6

the vernal [or spring] types receive their anti-types during the Gospel dispensation 7

and in connection with the anti-typical daily ministration. 8

So far as I know, it has always been conceded until lately that the fall types were to 9

receive their fulfilment at the Second Advent. To escape the consequences of 10

abiding by this obviously scriptural view of those types, some deny it and explain 11

them away or as fulfilled during the Gospel dispensation; thus furnishing another 12

example of prospective faith, but present infidelity - faith in unfilled, and infidelity 13

in fulfilling prophecies. 14


The memorial of trumpets – the warnings

Trumpets were blown, and burnt offerings, and sin offerings offered on the first 15

day of every month in the year. Numbers 28:11-15. But the first day of the 7th 16

month was one of special importance, on which was “a holy convocation”, “no 17

servile work” was done, they afflicted their souls, and offered an offering made by 18

fire unto the Lord; and kept the day as a sabbath. Numbers 29:1-6. Leviticus 19

23:23, 25. 20

Their time being lunar, watchmen were stationed on the hills to watch the 21

appearance of the moon. The first who saw it blew his trumpet, and the rest heard 22

and swelled its sound till the hills of Judea resounded with peals of trumpets. 23

In this way the approach of the great Day of Atonement was announced. 24

The fulfilment of this memorial of blowing trumpets must be the proclamation of 25

the coming of the anti-typical day of atonement, which is the Dispensation of the 26

Fullness of Times. 27

67

The object in either case was to make ready for the atonement. This was the office 1

of the Advent movement (or Elijah movement) up the tenth day of the seventh 2

month 1844. The 2300 days ending on that day, the Bridegroom came to the 3

marriage and began the cleansing of the sanctuary which is the first event in the 4

day of atonement. 5


The Trumpet of the Jubilee – the last trump

This was sounded “on the tenth day of the seventh month, in the day of 6

atonement”. Leviticus 25:9. Hence, we could not have the Jubilee trumpet till the 7

anti-typical day of atonement began, which was in the autumn [October] of ‘44. 8

The midnight cry was not the Jubilee trumpet, because it did not occur “on the 9

tenth day of the seventh month, in the day of Atonement”. That was the last blast 10

in the anti-type of the “memorial of blowing trumpets” “in the new moon” “to 11

make ready” for the day of atonement “in” which the trumpet of the Jubilee should 12

sound throughout all the land. 13

This corroborates the view, published by yourself in the “Star” several months 14

since, as to the identity of the Jubilee trumpet with the seventh trumpet. 15

Revelation 11:15-19. This trumpet would only interest those who were to be 16

benefited by the release; hence, would be sounded to [heard by] Israel only. 17

Our shut-door position since the 10th of the 7th month ‘44 has been peculiarly 18

adapted to the Jubilee trumpet. 19

[This was a mistaken concept. The two doors [veils] have, and will, remain open at the 20

same time until the close of probation. In the sanctuary the high priest had to go through 21

the first apartment to reach the second, and it was at that time that the “daily” ceased. 22

Leviticus 16:17. The sanctuary is only “shut” to those who refuse to walk into it “by 23

faith” through their High Priest. Read prayerfully Revelation 3:7-8.] 24

The jubilee year – the restoration

“And you shall hallow the fiftieth year, and proclaim liberty throughout all the land 25

unto all the inhabitants thereof: it shall be a jubilee unto you; and you shall return 26

every man unto his possession, and you shall return every man unto his family”. 27

Leviticus 25:10. The captives were not only released, but they also returned to their 28

possessions in that year. 29


The period of this release and restoration was not a day; but a year. “A jubilee shall 30

that fiftieth year be unto you”, verse 11. 31

68

It was the great sabbatic year, in which the land, as well as the people, was 1

redeemed. Verses 24, 28. 2

The Hebrew servants were only to serve “unto the year of Jubilee”, verse 40; 3

hence, they were free the moment that year began, and the year was occupied in 4

returning to (or taking) and securing their possessions. According to the revealed 5

purposes of God, the events to occur in fulfilment of that year are not confined to 6

the limits of one literal year; but the period of their occurrence is the thousand 7

years’ Day of the Lord. 2 Peter 3: - the year of the Lord’s redeemed – “the sabbath 8

that remains to the people of God”. Hebrews 4:9 (margin) and Revelation 20. 9

10

The binding of Satan and loosing of the “captive exiles” from the “prison house” - 11

the “better resurrection” obtained by all the “heirs of promise” mark the beginning 12

of the great and final Jubilee; Isaiah 42:6-16; 49:8-12; 51:12-23; Hebrews [6:17] 12. 13

Then the Redeemer of Israel will “establish the earth” and “cause to inherit the 14

desolate heritages” [Isaiah 49:8] and “they shall build up the desolation of many 15

generations”. The purchased possessions will be redeemed unto the praise of His 16

glory. Ephesians 1:14. - “Jerusalem shall be inhabited in her own place”, and the 17

Saints released from suffering, shall reign with Christ in possession of the kingdom 18

under the whole heaven. 19


The Feast of Tabernacles – the 1,000 years

The last feast was kept seven days, 15th to 22nd of the seventh month [that’s actually 20

eight days!], during which all that were Israelites born, dwelt in booths [tents] which 21

were made of the branches of trees, (Nehemiah 8:14-15), and they rejoiced before 22

the Lord. Leviticus 23:33-45. [It had a ceremonial sabbath on the first day and another on 23

the eighth day.] 24

It was called also the “Feast of Ingathering” and was celebrated after they had 25

“gathered in their corn and wine out of the field”. Exodus 23:16; Deuteronomy 26

16:13-15. 27

This feast then must meet its anti-type after the harvest of the earth is gathered. 28

We are yet in the reaping time, [nay!] rather the severing of the tares from the 29

wheat: when this is done the wheat will be gathered. (Matthew 13:30.) As to the 30

time and circumstances of the gathering, the words of our Saviour are explicit and 31

satisfactory. “They shall see the Son of man coming, in the clouds of heaven with 32

power and great glory. And he shall send his angels with a great sound of a 33

trumpet and they shall gather together his elect from the four winds, from one end 34

of heaven to the other.” Matthew 24:30-31. 35

69

These words are too plain to be misunderstood and too important to be overlooked. 1

If the personal and visible Second Advent of Jesus in his distinctive character is 2

spoken of in this discourse, it is in the 30th verse. No mere spiritual coming or 3

manifestation answers this prophecy. It is the coming of the Son of Man. If Christ 4

is only Spirit He is not the Son of Man. 5


After the coming of the Son of Man the harvest of the earth is to be gathered in, 6

and that will begin the anti-type of the Feast of Tabernacles; which, in its 7

completion, it is evident, will extend through the millennial [1,000 year] joyous reign 8

of the saints with Christ. 9

Your unworthy brother waiting for Jesus, 10

O. R. L. Crozier. 11

oooOooo

70

The ark of the covenant The priest, the censer, The table of

and the altar of incense shewbread

The killing area

The altar

of self sacrifice

The laver

The 2nd

The 1st for washing The courtyard

apartment apartment hands and feet

The 7 branched The laver The brass altar

candlestick of sacrifice

The sanctuary illustrated (not to scale)

71

Epilogue (compiler’s addition)

EGW also wrote:

***************(BeginQuote)

{GC 399.1 - 400} 1

Arguments drawn from the Old Testament types also pointed to the autumn as the 2

time when the event represented by the “cleansing of the sanctuary” must take 3

place. This was made very clear as attention was given to the manner in which the 4

types relating to the first advent of Christ had been fulfilled. 5

The slaying of the Passover lamb was a shadow of the death of Christ. Says Paul: 6

“Christ our Passover is sacrificed for us.” 1 Corinthians 5:7. The sheaf of first 7

fruits, which at the time of the Passover was waved before the Lord, was typical of 8

the resurrection of Christ. Paul says, in speaking of the resurrection of the Lord 9

and of all His people: “Christ the first fruits; afterward they that are Christ's at His 10

coming.” 1 Corinthians 15:23. Like the wave sheaf, which was the first ripe grain 11

gathered before the harvest, Christ is the first fruits of that immortal harvest of 12

redeemed ones that at the future resurrection shall be gathered into the garner of 13

God. 14

These types were fulfilled, not only as to the event, but as to the time. 15

On the fourteenth day of the first Jewish month, the very day and month on which 16

for fifteen long centuries the Passover lamb had been slain, Christ, having eaten the 17

Passover with His disciples, instituted that feast which was to commemorate His 18

own death as “the Lamb of God, which takes away the sin of the world.” 19

That same night He was taken by wicked hands to be crucified and slain. And as 20

the antitype of the wave sheaf our Lord was raised from the dead on the third day, 21

“the first fruits of them that slept,” a sample of all the resurrected just, whose “vile 22

body” shall be changed, and “fashioned like unto His glorious body.” Verse 20; 23

Philippians 3:21. 24

In like manner the types which relate to the second advent must be fulfilled at the 25

time pointed out in the symbolic service. Under the Mosaic system the cleansing 26

of the sanctuary, or the great Day of Atonement, occurred on the tenth day of the 27

seventh Jewish month (Leviticus 16:29-34), when the high priest, having made an 28

atonement for all Israel, and thus removed their sins from the sanctuary, came forth 29

and blessed the people. 30

So it was believed that Christ, our great High Priest, would appear to purify the 31

earth by the destruction of sin and sinners, and to bless His waiting people with 32

immortality. 33

***************(EndQuote)

72

And in another place:

***************(BeginQuote)

{GC 594.1} 1

Before His crucifixion the Saviour explained to His disciples that He was to be put 2

to death and to rise again from the tomb, and angels were present to impress His 3

words on minds and hearts. 4

But the disciples were looking for temporal deliverance from the Roman yoke, and 5

they could not tolerate the thought that He in whom all their hopes centered should 6

suffer an ignominious death. The words which they needed to remember were 7

banished from their minds; and when the time of trial came, it found them 8

unprepared. The death of Jesus as fully destroyed their hopes as if He had not 9

forewarned them. 10

So in the prophecies the future is opened before us as plainly as it was opened to 11

the disciples by the words of Christ. The events connected with the close of 12

probation and the work of preparation for the time of trouble, are clearly presented. 13

But multitudes have no more understanding of these important truths than if they 14

had never been revealed. Satan watches to catch away every impression that 15

would make them wise unto salvation, and the time of trouble will find them 16

unready . . . 17

{GC 595.1} 18

But God will have a people upon the earth to maintain the Bible, and the Bible 19

only, as the standard of all doctrines and the basis of all reforms. 20

The opinions of learned men, the deductions of science, the creeds or decisions of 21

ecclesiastical councils, as numerous and discordant as are the churches which they 22

represent, the voice of the majority--not one nor all of these should be regarded as 23

evidence for or against any point of religious faith. 24

Before accepting any doctrine or precept, we should demand a plain “Thus says the 25

Lord” in its support. 26

Satan is constantly endeavoring to attract attention to man in the place of God. 27

He leads the people to look to bishops, to pastors, to professors of theology, as 28

their guides, instead of searching the Scriptures to learn their duty for themselves. 29

Then, by controlling the minds of these leaders, he can influence the multitudes 30

according to his will . . . 31

{GC 596.1} 32

The spirit which actuated those priests and rulers is still manifested by many who 33

make a high profession of piety. They refuse to examine the testimony of the 34

Scriptures concerning the special truths for this time. They point to their own 35

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numbers, wealth, and popularity, and look with contempt upon the advocates of 1

truth as few, poor, and unpopular, having a faith that separates them from the 2

world . . . 3

{GC 598.1} 4

It is not enough to have good intentions; it is not enough to do what a man thinks is 5

right or what the minister tells him is right. His soul's salvation is at stake, and he 6

should search the Scriptures for himself. However strong may be his convictions, 7

however confident he may be that the minister knows what is truth, this is not his 8

foundation. 9

He has a chart pointing out every waymark on the heavenward journey, and he 10

ought not to guess at anything. 11

***************(EndQuote)

oooOooo

Note 1:

***************(BeginQuote)

{7BC 971.7} 12

This time, which the angel declares with a solemn oath, is not the end of this 13

world's history, neither of probationary time, but of prophetic time, which should 14

precede the advent of our Lord. That is, the people will not have another message 15

upon definite time. After this period of time, reaching from 1842 to 1844, there 16

can be no definite tracing of the prophetic time. The longest reckoning reaches to 17

the autumn [October] of 1844. 18

***************(EndQuote)

Note 2:

The sanctuary buildings (both on earth and in heaven) should be recognised as 19

representing the immortal body of the Son of God. Therefore, by going in to them 20

by faith, we enter into the mind of God by faith. “For this is the covenant that I will 21

make with the house of Israel after those days, says the LORD; I will put My laws 22

into their mind [as they are in Mine], and write them in their hearts [as they are in 23

Mine]: and I will be to them a God, and they shall be to Me a people [we shall be 24

one]”. Hebrews 8:10. 25

75

Appendices from the original edition.

77

Appendix A:

(from page 41)

Some Details of the Sanctuary Services (as we know them in 2013)

This article will, of necessity, be only a brief explanation of the plan of redemption 1

as shown in the sanctuary and its services. There are many other details which can 2

be seen in the Scriptures, and doubtless many more waiting to be discovered as 3

time goes on. But it is time that what we do know should be published so that all 4

the misinformation in religious circles may be cleared away. 5

We need first of all to get it clear in our minds that the blood of a lamb was 6

NEVER used in the sanctuary building!! That is a misconception that the Advent 7

people had in 1844 and which has been passed on to subsequent teachers ever 8

since. The ONLY blood that was used in the building was that of a bullock or of a 9

goat. “But in those [animal] sacrifices there is a remembrance again made of sins 10

every year. For it is not possible that the blood of bulls and of goats should take 11

away sins”. Hebrews 10:3-4. 12

The other misunderstanding is that “sinners” came to the courtyard. 13

That area was surrounded by a white linen curtain which represented the 14

righteousness of Christ, and the only people who could, and would, come into that 15

place were the followers of God who had put on that robe, and yet who had sinned 16

after that, for only a child of God can be forgiven legally. Such a one said, “I put 17

on righteousness, and it clothed me: my judgment was as a robe and a diadem”. 18

Job 20:14. See also Ephesians 4:24; Isaiah 61:10. 19

“Sinners” is the word used in the Bible to describe those who are outside of Christ. 20

Thus it is written, “Behold, the righteous shall be recompensed in the earth [in the 21

end]: much more the wicked and the sinner”. Proverbs 11:31. (The final events are 22

earthly ones.) “Though a sinner do evil a hundred times, and his [physical] days be 23

prolonged [on earth], yet surely I know that it shall be well with them that fear God, 24

which fear before Him: but it shall not be well with the wicked, neither shall he 25

prolong his [eternal] days, which are as a shadow; because he fears not before 26

God”. Ecclesiastes 8:12-13. And another, “. . . We who are Jews by nature, and 27

not sinners of the Gentiles . . .” Galatians 2:15. 28

The sanctuary services really started with the Passover ritual on the 14th day of the 29

1st month in which thousands of lambs were killed, cooked by roasting, and then 30

eaten in the houses of the people, AFTER all the males in the households had been 31

78

circumcised (if they weren’t already). Exodus 12:48, 3-6, 22-23. The blood from 1

those animals was to be sprinkled on the doorposts in verse 7, making the sign of a 2

cross behind which the firstborn of Israel and his family could shelter. No 3

confessions of sins were required, for this was NOT a sin offering, but an exchange 4

of life. But it was this lamb that represented the Son of God in His death. “The 5

next day John sees Jesus coming to him, and said, ‘Behold the Lamb of God, 6

which takes away the sin of the world’.” John 1:29. (For more on the 8 day 7

Passover, see Appendix C, page 86). 8

Then it is written, “Purge out [remove] therefore the old leaven, that you may be a 9

new lump [sanctified], as you are [now] unleavened [justified]. For even Christ our 10

passover is sacrificed for us. Therefore let us keep the Feast [of Unleavened Bread 11

which came immediately after the Passover, seven days from the 15th

to the 21st], not with 12

old leaven [of error], neither with the leaven of malice and wickedness; but with the 13

unleavened bread of sincerity and truth [in righteousness]”. 1 Corinthians 5:7-8. 14

The “daily” or “continual” sacrifice on the brass altar in the courtyard was a 15

BURNT offering, not a sin offering, and as such typified Christ’s continual 16

ministry on behalf of His people. It was NOT used as a sin offering by anybody, 17

for that is an entirely different ritual with different rules. 18

***************(Begin Quote)

Exodus 29: 19

38 Now this is that which you shall offer upon the altar; two lambs of the first year 20

day by day continually. [24/7/365] 21

39 The one lamb you shall offer in the morning and [you will keep it burning until 22

joined by] the other lamb [which] you shall offer at even [equivalent to our 9am and 23

3pm, the two quarters of the sun’s apparent movement, the third and ninth hours, for they 24

observed 12 hour days. John 11:9]: 40 and with the one lamb a tenth deal of flour 25

mingled with the fourth part of a hin of beaten oil; and the fourth part of a hin of 26

wine for a drink offering. 27

41 And the other lamb you shall offer at even, and shall do thereto according to the 28

meat [cereal] offering of the morning, and according to the drink offering thereof, 29

for a sweet savour, an offering made by fire to the LORD [and you will keep this one 30

burning until joined by the morning one]. 31

42 This shall be a continual BURNT offering throughout your generations at the 32

door of the tabernacle of the congregation before the LORD: where I will meet 33

you, to speak there to you. [See Exodus 33:8-9.] 34

***************(End Quote)

The LORD said, “Command Aaron and his sons, saying, This is the law of the 35

burnt offering: It is the burnt offering, because of the burning upon the altar all 36

79

night to the morning, and the fire of the altar shall be burning in it . . . And the fire 1

upon the altar shall be burning in it; it shall not be put out: and the priest shall burn 2

wood on it every morning, and lay the burnt offering in order upon it; and he shall 3

burn thereon the fat of the peace offerings. The fire shall ever be burning upon the 4

altar; it shall never go out”. Leviticus 6:9-13. 5

The life of the Son of God has revolved around one thing since the sin of Adam, 6

whom He taught to offer a burnt offering. (He used the skins to clothe them in 7

place of their fig leaves. Genesis 3:21.) Adam in turn, passed the rite on to his 8

sons. Genesis 4:3-5. 9

Lateral thought: 10

The presence of the LORD in the earthly tabernacle in the days of Moses is an 11

indicator to us that He did not BEGIN His priestly ministry after the crucifixion, 12

but went back to CONTINUE it in the sight of the angels. In the reality, He can do 13

that work from anywhere and at any time, for He IS the tabernacle of the LORD 14

and all the services of the sanctuary are fulfilled in Him! “And you are complete 15

in Him, which is the Head of all principality and power: in whom also you are 16

circumcised with the circumcision made without hands, in putting off the body of 17

the sins of the flesh by the circumcision of Christ: buried with Him in baptism, 18

wherein also you are risen with Him through the faith of the operation of God, who 19

has raised Him from the dead. And you, being dead in your sins and the 20

uncircumcision of your flesh, has He quickened [spiritually resurrected] together with 21

Him, having forgiven you all trespasses . . .” Colossians 2:10-13. 22

The “holy line” of Adam, Seth, Noah, Abraham, Isaac and Jacob etc. all had this 23

experience and presented burnt offerings to illustrate it. (See Genesis 8:20; 12:7; 24

35:1.) 25

The circumcision associated with the Passover represented the REMOVAL of the 26

sinful portion of the life which we receive in the first birth, while the eating of the 27

flesh of the lamb indicated the ENTRANCE of the life of Christ into the life of the 28

one requesting deliverance through the second “birth”. “O wretched man that I 29

am! Who shall deliver me from the body of this death?” Romans 7:24. 30

Circumcision was “added” about 2,000 years later because of Abram’s 31

transgression. Galatians 3:19. (See also Genesis chapters 16 and 17 for the 32

reason.) 33

THEN, armed and protected with that “new birth” righteousness, a Christian who 34

had sinned could approach the sanctuary courtyard with an animal to make an 35

atonement for that sin. But in the sanctuary service that animal was a FEMALE 36

GOAT!! Understanding is progressive - “The path of the just[ified one] is as the 37

shining light, that shines more and more to the perfect [last] day”. Proverbs 4:18. 38

80

Then he went through this procedure: 1

***************(Begin Quote)

Leviticus 4: 2

27 And if any one of the common people sin through ignorance, while he does 3

somewhat against any of the commandments of the LORD concerning things 4

which ought not to be done, and be guilty; 28 or if his sin, which he has sinned, 5

come to his knowledge: then he shall bring his offering, a kid of the goats, a female 6

without blemish, for his sin which he has sinned. 7

29 And he shall lay his hand upon the head of the sin offering [transferring the guilt of 8

the sin to it by open confession], and slay the sin offering in the place of the burnt 9

offering [in the same place where all the animals were killed, on the north side]. 10

30 And the priest shall take of the blood thereof with his finger, and put it upon the 11

horns of the [brass] altar of burnt offering [in the courtyard], and shall pour out all 12

[the rest of] the blood thereof at the bottom of the altar [none of it enters the building]. 13

31 And he shall take away all the fat thereof, as the fat is taken away from off the 14

sacrifice of peace offerings; and the priest shall burn it upon the altar for a sweet 15

savour to the LORD; and the priest shall make an atonement for him, and it shall 16

be forgiven him. 17

***************(End Quote)

If the offerer was not able to supply a goat, then a lamb could be used, so long as it 18

also was a FEMALE, but a goat was first choice. Verse 32. 19

The animal was female to represent the offerer as the “wife” of Christ and 20

dependent on Him, and yet needed to be a “goat” because that animal is more 21

independent than a sheep which has a strong mob mentality, and this trait pictured 22

the individuality of God’s people. 23

Dependence on the one hand, and individuality on the other. 24

The fat was burned on the altar because it was too dangerous for human 25

consumption as we are well aware of today, but the rest of the goat’s flesh was 26

eaten by the assisting priest, thus transferring the record of the “death” of the 27

offerer to the priest. Of course, to the practical Jewish mind, the eating of a token 28

portion was sufficient to convey the lesson, for no one could eat the whole animal. 29

***************(Begin Quote)

Leviticus 6: 30

25 Speak to Aaron and to his sons, saying, This is the law of the sin offering: In the 31

place where the burnt offering is killed shall the sin offering be killed before the 32

LORD: it is most holy [very dangerous, for it is sin-tainted. Romans 6:23]. 26 The priest 33

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that offers it for sin shall eat it: in the [a] holy place shall it be eaten, in [a special 1

place in] the court of the tabernacle of the congregation. 27 Whatsoever shall touch 2

the flesh thereof shall be holy [be in danger, for only Christ can handle it in the reality]: 3

and when there is sprinkled of the blood thereof upon any garment, you shall wash 4

that whereon it was sprinkled in the [a] holy place [yes, there were washrooms there 5

too!] . . . 6

30 And no sin offering, whereof any of the blood is brought into the tabernacle of 7

the congregation to reconcile withal in the holy place [the 1st apartment], shall be 8

eaten: it shall be burnt in the fire. 9

***************(End Quote)

The remainder of the sin offering was given to other priests. 10

“Every male among the priests shall eat thereof: it shall be eaten in the [a] holy 11

place [with reverence, for] it is most holy [there were kitchens and eating places in the 12

courtyard, but they have no relevance to the illustration of redemption, and are not mentioned 13

in Moses’ building.] As the sin offering is, so is the trespass offering: there is one law 14

for them: the priest that makes atonement therewith shall have it”. Leviticus 7:6-7. 15

Lateral thought: 16

It would be well to note here that any confession of sin could not be of a general 17

nature, such as “LORD, I am a sinner”, but must be specific and to the point, so 18

that “the watchers and the holy ones” could see and hear that the guilty one knew 19

and understood what he/she had done. “And it shall be, when he shall be guilty in 20

one of these things, that he shall confess that he has sinned IN THAT THING: and 21

he shall bring his trespass offering to the LORD for his sin which he has sinned, a 22

female from the flock, a lamb or a kid of the goats, for a sin offering; and the priest 23

shall make an atonement for him concerning his sin”. Leviticus 5:5-6. 24

“Speak to the children of Israel, When a man OR WOMAN shall commit any sin 25

that men commit, to do a trespass against the LORD [and a fellow human], and that 26

person be guilty; then they shall confess their sin which they have done: and he 27

[she] shall recompense his [her] trespass with the principal thereof, and add to it the 28

fifth part thereof [20% withholding fee], and give it to him against whom he has 29

trespassed”. Numbers 5:6-7. 30

There was also provision for a sin offering to be made in the law for those who 31

were very poor, and even destitute! 32

***************(Begin Quote)

Leviticus 5: 33

7 And if he be not able to bring a [female goat or a] lamb, then he shall bring for his 34

trespass, which he has committed, two turtledoves, or two young pigeons, to the 35

LORD; one for a sin offering, and the other for a burnt offering. 36

82

8 And he shall bring them to the priest, who shall offer that which is for the sin 1

offering first, and wring off his head from his neck, but shall not divide it asunder: 2

9 and he shall sprinkle of the blood of the sin offering upon the side of the altar; 3

and the rest of the blood shall be wrung out at the bottom of the altar: it is a sin 4

offering [so he will eat the flesh]. 5

10 And he shall offer the second for a burnt offering, according to the manner 6

[wholly burnt on the altar]: and the priest shall make an atonement for him for his sin 7

which he has sinned, and it shall be forgiven him. 8

11 But if he be not able to bring two turtledoves, or two young pigeons, then he that 9

sinned shall bring for his offering the tenth part of an ephah of fine flour for a sin 10

offering; he shall put no oil upon it, neither shall he put any frankincense thereon: 11

for IT IS A SIN OFFERING [even though bloodless – void of death]. 12

12 Then shall he bring it to the priest, and the priest shall take his handful of it, even 13

a memorial [a sample] thereof, and burn it on the altar, according to the offerings 14

made by fire to the LORD: IT IS A SIN OFFERING. 13 And the priest shall make 15

an atonement for him as touching his sin that he has sinned in one of these, and it 16

shall be forgiven him: and the remnant shall be the priest's to eat, as a meat [cereal] 17

offering. 18

***************(End Quote)

Thus we see the meaning behind the words, “And ALMOST all things are by the 19

law purged with blood; and without shedding of blood is no remission”. Hebrews 20

9:22. This was, of course, really reserved for those spiritual ones who had no 21

conscious knowledge of the physical death of the Son of God, but are still covered 22

by it because they have on the robe of righteousness. (It is given with the 23

invitation to the wedding, even on the highways and byways. Matthew 22:1-14.) 24

The problem now is that while the Christian who had sinned can at that instant go 25

free from the sanctuary, the priest has become a “sinning” person in his or her 26

place! “For He has made Him to be sin for us, who knew no sin; that we might be 27

made the righteousness of God in Him”. 2 Corinthians 5:21. What could the priest 28

do about it? What can Christ do with the guilt and death that we have passed over 29

to Him? 30

***************(Begin Quote)

Leviticus 4: 31

3 If the priest that is anointed do sin according to the sin of the people [this was one 32

who was on duty in the sanctuary and who had been personally cleansed before starting work. 33

Exodus 40:30-32]; then let him bring for his sin, which he has sinned, a young 34

bullock without blemish to the LORD for a sin offering. 35

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4 And he shall bring the bullock to the door of the tabernacle of the congregation 1

before the LORD [in the courtyard]; and shall lay his hand upon the bullock's head 2

[confessing the other person’s sin which was now classed as his own], and kill the bullock 3

before the LORD. 4

5 And the priest [another one] that is anointed [personally “clean”] shall take of the 5

bullock's blood, and bring it to the tabernacle of the congregation [the first 6

apartment]: 6 and the priest shall dip his finger in the blood, and sprinkle of the 7

blood seven times [on the ground] before the LORD, before the veil of the [second] 8

sanctuary. 9

[A priest carrying sin in himself could not approach God 10

– it had to be a “clean” person in the eyes of the spectators.] 11

7 And the priest shall put some of the blood upon the horns of the [golden] altar of 12

sweet incense before the LORD, which is in the tabernacle of the congregation; 13

and [afterwards] shall pour all [the rest of] the blood of the bullock at the bottom of 14

the [brass] altar of the burnt offering, which is at the door of the tabernacle of the 15

congregation [in the courtyard]. 16

8 And he shall take off from it all the fat [the dangerous bits] of the bullock for the 17

sin offering; the fat that covers the inwards, and all the fat that is upon the inwards, 18

9 and the two kidneys, and the fat that is upon them, which is by the flanks, and the 19

caul above the liver, with the kidneys, it shall he take away, 10 as it was taken off 20

from the bullock of the sacrifice of peace offerings [Leviticus 3:1-5]: and the priest 21

shall burn them upon the altar of the burnt offering. 22

11 And the skin of the bullock, and all his flesh, with his head, and with his legs, 23

and his inwards, and his dung, 12 even the whole bullock shall he carry forth 24

WITHOUT [outside] THE CAMP to a clean place, where the ashes are poured out, 25

and burn him on the wood with fire [for it was now surplus to the ceremony]: where the 26

ashes are poured out shall he be burnt. 27

***************(End Quote)

“And no sin offering, whereof any of the blood is brought into the tabernacle of the 28

congregation to reconcile withal in the holy place [the 1st apartment], shall be eaten: 29

it shall be burnt in the fire”. Leviticus 6:30. 30

The record of the “death” for that sin is now in the tabernacle, but who put it there? 31

And what was the vehicle of transfer? The picture shows us the transfer of the 32

“death” to our Saviour in the courtyard (on the earth) and then of Him taking it 33

into the heavenly sanctuary as His own, through the medium of the blood (death) 34

of a strong Person (the bull, not a lamb). “Be you therefore followers of God, as 35

dear children; and walk in love, as Christ also has loved us, and has given Himself 36

84

for us an offering and a sacrifice to God for a sweetsmelling savour”. Ephesians 1

5:1-2. 2

“For such a High Priest became us, who is holy, harmless, undefiled, separate from 3

sinners, and made higher than the heavens; who needs not daily, as those high 4

priests, to offer up sacrifice, first for His own sins, and then for the people's: for 5

this He did once, when He offered up Himself”. Hebrews 7:26-27. 6

[If we are willing to see it, it is all wrapped up in the one.] 7

“So Christ was once offered to bear the sins of many; and to them that look for 8

Him shall He appear the second time without sin to salvation [redemption]”. 9

Hebrews 9:28. 10

The same procedure, and animal, was to be used when the whole church sinned 11

before the LORD, for it is His “body”. Leviticus 4:13-21; Ephesians 5:25-30. 12

However, if an individual leading person in the church sinned then he was to bring 13

a MALE goat and go through the same procedure as the common person. 14

It just cost him more because of his position. 15

***************(Begin Quote)

Leviticus 4: 16

22 When a ruler has sinned, and done somewhat through ignorance against any of 17

the commandments of the LORD his God concerning things which should not be 18

done, and is guilty; 23 or if his sin, wherein he has sinned, come to his knowledge; 19

he shall bring his offering, a kid of the goats, a male without blemish: 24 and he 20

shall lay his hand upon the head of the goat, and kill it in the place where they kill 21

the burnt offering before the LORD: it is a sin offering. 22

25 And the priest shall take of the blood of the sin offering with his finger, and put 23

it upon the horns of the altar of burnt offering, and shall pour out his blood at the 24

bottom of the altar of burnt offering. 25

26 And he shall burn all his fat upon the altar, as the fat of the sacrifice of peace 26

offerings: and the priest shall make an atonement for him as concerning his sin [by 27

eating it], and it shall be forgiven him. 28

***************(End Quote)

So the ONLY blood to enter the sanctuary was the blood of a bull used on behalf 29

of a priest or the whole church! And the body of that animal was discarded 30

afterward as no longer required. That’s how it is with the heavenly sanctuary. 31

“Wherefore when He comes into the world, He says, ‘[Animal] sacrifice and 32

offering You would not, but a [human] body have You prepared Me. In burnt 33

85

offerings and sacrifices [of animals] for sin You have had no pleasure. Then said I, 1

“Lo, I come (in the volume of the book it is written of Me,) to do your will, O 2

God”. Above [before] when He said, ‘Sacrifice and offering and burnt offerings 3

and offering for sin You would not, neither had pleasure therein’; which are 4

offered by the law; then said He, ‘Lo, I come to do Your will, O God’. [In this] He 5

takes away the first, that He may establish the second. By the which will we are 6

sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all”. Hebrews 7

10:5-10. 8

So why do we need to know about the old sanctuary and its services? Because 9

through them we can learn the fine details of what He has done, and is doing, for 10

us. That will naturally lead on for us to know what He is GOING to do so that we 11

may co-operate with Him as fully as possible in the days that lie ahead. 12

The sins so far mentioned were sins of ignorance or those which had been 13

overlooked, but what about deliberate, conscious, ones? Can we be forgiven for 14

those too? “You have forgiven the iniquity of Your people, You have covered 15

ALL their sin. Selah. [“Selah” means stop, and think prayerfully about what you have just 16

read]”. Psalm 85:2. 17

It is also written, “Wherefore I say to you, All manner of sin and blasphemy shall 18

be forgiven to men: but the blasphemy against [rejection of] the Holy Ghost shall 19

not [cannot] be forgiven to men [for He is God’s only means of communication and 20

understanding]”. Matthew 12:31. 21

Therefore, in the law it is written; 22

***************(Begin Quote)

Leviticus 6: 23

1 And the LORD spoke to Moses, saying, 2 If a soul sin, and commit a trespass 24

against the LORD, and lie to his neighbour in that which was delivered him to 25

keep, or in fellowship, or in a thing taken away by violence, or has deceived his 26

neighbour; 3 or have found that which was lost, and lies concerning it, and swears 27

falsely; in any of all these that a man does, sinning therein [these are conscious acts]: 28

4 Then it shall be, because he has sinned, and is guilty, that he shall restore that 29

which he took violently away, or the thing which he has deceitfully gotten, or that 30

which was delivered him to keep, or the lost thing which he found, 5 or all that 31

about which he has sworn falsely; he shall even restore it in the principal, and shall 32

add the fifth part [20% damages] more thereto, and give it to him to whom it 33

appertains, in the day of his trespass offering [before coming to the LORD. Matthew 34

5:23-24.]. 35

6 And he shall bring his trespass offering to the LORD, A RAM without blemish 36

out of the flock, with your estimation [a fine imposed by the priest], for a trespass 37

86

offering, to the priest: 7 and the priest shall make an atonement for him before the 1

LORD [by eating its flesh]: and it shall be forgiven him for any thing of all that he 2

has done in trespassing therein. 3

***************(End Quote)

Like the leader in Leviticus 4:22 this type of sin requires the use of a full grown 4

ram’s blood regardless of the individual situation of the sinning Christian. Added 5

to that was a “fine”, the value of which the priest would assess, depending on the 6

seriousness of the transgression. In like manner the LORD would have us 7

understand that restitution to the one sinned against (God or man) is only the 8

beginning of the reconciliation of the sin. We need to realise the effect it has on our 9

Saviour for eternity, for the cleansing of the sanctuary (referred to as being 10

“restored to its rightful place” in the margin, in Daniel 8:14,) does not occur for 11

Him personally. He will bear the wounds [not scars] in His hands forever. “And I 12

beheld, and, lo, in the midst of the throne and of the four beasts [the redeemed of 13

God], and in the midst of the elders, stood a Lamb AS IT HAD [just] BEEN SLAIN 14

. . .” Revelation 5:6. 15

Although cleansed from the deaths associated with the ACTIONS of sin committed 16

by Christians (He has held them temporarily, but then they go on the scapegoat), 17

He bears the burden of the exchange of life (justification) forever, for His is an 18

eternal sacrifice. If the scapegoat bore these then Satan would be our saviour, 19

which is why they are not mentioned in connection with the sanctuary! 20

But in the type the record of the “death” associated with the actions of sin has only 21

progressed via the priest’s confession to the veil which separates the two rooms – 22

God the Father has not received the notification yet. 23

So, on the Day of Atonement (the 10th day of the 7th month), the record of ALL the 24

sins of ALL the people are moved in one operation from the first apartment into 25

the second one. How is this accomplished? By the blood of a bull! When? After 26

the line of would-be confessors with their female goats is dealt with, and their sins 27

transferred to the priests. At that point, there are no more sins to confess and 28

God’s people stand ready for their sealing. Then, to complete the picture, the 29

priests confess their(!) sins to the high priest who ends up bearing the whole 30

burden. 31

The stage is then set for the judgment of the living: 32

***************(Begin Quote)

Leviticus 16: 33

2 And the LORD said to Moses, “Speak to Aaron your brother, that he come not at 34

all times into the holy place within the veil before the Mercy Seat, which is upon 35

the ark [the second apartment]; that he die not: for I will appear in the cloud upon the 36

Mercy Seat [which is My throne]. 37

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3 Thus shall Aaron come into the holy place [the second apartment]: with [the blood 1

of] a young bullock for a sin offering, and a ram [which he will use later] for a burnt 2

offering”. 3

***************(End Quote)

Dressed in his coloured uniform as a representation of redemption (the one with 4

the bells on it so that we can “hear” where He is, Exodus 28:33), the high priest 5

kills a bull after confessing the latest round of sins over it, and then proceeds into 6

the building picking up the records of sin “deaths” which are already there and 7

takes them all into the second room into the presence of the Father. (See Daniel 8

7:13-14; 26-27.) 9

In his role as mediator he carries the names of the children of Israel on his 10

shoulders and over his heart on the breastplate. “And you shall put the two stones 11

upon the shoulders of the ephod for stones of memorial to the children of Israel: 12

and Aaron shall bear their names before the LORD upon his two shoulders for a 13

memorial . . . And you shall make the breastplate of judgment with cunning 14

[intricate] work; after the work of the ephod you shall make it; of gold, of blue, and 15

of purple, and of scarlet, and of fine twined linen, shall you make it . . . And you 16

shall set in it settings of stones, even four rows of stones . . . And the stones shall 17

be with the names of the children of Israel, twelve, according to their names, like 18

the engravings of a signet; every one with his name shall they be according to the 19

twelve tribes”. Exodus 28:12-21. 20

***************(Begin Quote)

Leviticus 16: 21

11 And Aaron shall bring the bullock of the sin offering, which is for himself, and 22

shall make an atonement for himself, and for his house [family], and shall kill the 23

bullock of the sin offering which is for himself: 12 and he shall take a [portable] 24

censer full of burning coals of fire from off the altar before the LORD, and his 25

hands full of sweet incense beaten small [strong prayers], and bring it within the veil: 26

13 and he shall put the incense upon the fire before the LORD, that the cloud of the 27

incense may cover the Mercy Seat that is upon the testimony, that he die not. 28

[He goes in and out of the second room at least three times altogether on that day, 29

possibly five times – 30

#1 to take in the censer and the incense; 31

#2 then the bull’s blood; 32

#3 and after that the goat’s blood.]: 33

14 and he shall take of the blood of the bullock, and sprinkle it with his finger upon 34

the Mercy Seat eastward [in the front of the Ancient of Days]; and before the Mercy 35

Seat shall he sprinkle of the blood with his finger seven times [on the ground] . . . 36

27 And [afterwards, the body of] the bullock for the sin offering, and [the body of] the 37

goat for the sin offering, whose blood was brought in to make atonement in the 38

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holy place, shall one carry forth without the camp; and they shall burn in the fire 1

their skins, and their flesh, and their dung. 2

28 And he that burns them shall wash his clothes, and bathe his flesh in water, and 3

afterward he shall come into the camp. 4

29 And this shall be a statute for ever to you: that in the seventh month, on the tenth 5

day of the month, you shall afflict your souls, and do no work at all, whether it be 6

one of your own country, or a stranger that sojourns among you: 30 for on that day 7

shall the priest make an atonement for you, to cleanse you, that you may be clean 8

from ALL your sins before the LORD. 9

***************(End Quote)

After using the bull’s blood, “he [the high priest] shall put on the holy linen [white] 10

coat, and he shall have the [white] linen breeches upon his flesh, and shall be girded 11

with a [white] linen girdle, and with the [white] linen mitre shall he be attired: these 12

are holy garments; [no colour = no mercy, no bells = no hearing, so we will have to live by 13

faith during this time] therefore shall he wash his flesh in water, and so put them on”, 14

for the time of forgiveness is over, the “mystery of God is finished”. Leviticus 15

16:4; Revelation 10:7. 16

It is now time for cleansing the sanctuary of the records of “death” which have 17

polluted it. 18

***************(Begin Quote)

Leviticus 16: 19

7 And he [the “fit” (capable) man] shall take the two goats, and present them before 20

the LORD at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation. 8 And Aaron shall cast 21

lots upon the two goats [for only God could distinguish between them]; one lot for the 22

LORD, and the other lot for the scapegoat. 23

9 And Aaron shall bring the goat upon which the LORD's lot fell, and offer him for 24

a sin offering. 25

10 But the goat, on which the lot fell to be the scapegoat, shall be presented alive 26

before the LORD, to make an[other kind of] atonement with him, and to let him go 27

[later] for a scapegoat into the wilderness . . . 28

15 Then shall he kill the goat of the sin offering that is for the people [without putting 29

his hands on its head], and bring his [sinless] blood within the veil, and do with that 30

blood as he did with the blood of the bullock, and sprinkle it upon the Mercy Seat, 31

and before the Mercy Seat [thereby “picking up” the records of death]: 32

16 And he shall make an atonement [cleansing] for the holy place [the second 33

apartment], because of the uncleanness of the children of Israel, and because of their 34

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transgressions in all their sins: and so shall he do for the tabernacle of the 1

congregation [the first room], that remains among them in the midst of their 2

uncleanness. [The courtyard and its furniture is not cleansed by blood, but by fire, for it 3

represents the earth, and this occurs at another time. Revelation 20:9.] 4

17 And there shall be no man [any other priest] in the tabernacle of the congregation 5

[the first room] when he goes in to make an atonement in the holy place, until he 6

come out, and have made an atonement for himself, and for his household, and for 7

all the congregation of Israel [because the continual (daily) work of forgiveness has 8

ceased]. 9

***************(End Quote)

The “clean” blood of the LORD”s goat is used to “pick up” the record of deaths 10

and transfer it to the scapegoat who is then released far way in the wilderness by 11

the “fit”, or capable, man. “And the goat shall bear upon him all their iniquities 12

unto a land not inhabited [void of life]: and he shall let go the goat in the wilderness 13

[his natural habitat]”. Leviticus 16:22. 14

Then comes the final ritual for the day. “And Aaron shall come into the tabernacle 15

of the congregation, and shall put off the linen garments, which he put on when he 16

went into the holy place, and shall leave them there [to be used the following year]: 17

and he shall wash his flesh with water in the holy place, and put on his garments, 18

and come forth [a picture of the second coming], and offer his burnt offering [of 19

dedication to God], and the burnt offering of the people, and make an atonement for 20

himself, and for the people”. Leviticus 16:23-24. 21

The last Feast of the ceremonials occurred from the 15th to the 22nd of the seventh 22

month (an eight day period) when the people abandoned their homes and lived in 23

temporary tents made from branches of trees. This represents the time we will 24

spend with the LORD in heaven. 25

oooOooo

For more on these feasts, see Appendix B, next page.

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Appendix B:

The Feasts of the LORD

***************(Begin Quote)

Leviticus 23: 1

1 And the LORD spoke to Moses, saying, 2 Speak to the children of Israel, and say 2

to them, Concerning the feasts of the LORD, which you shall proclaim to be holy 3

convocations [ceremonial sabbaths], even these are My feasts [times of celebration]. 4

3 Six days shall work be done: but the seventh day is the Sabbath of rest, a holy 5

[weekly] convocation; you shall do no work therein: it is the Sabbath of the LORD 6

in all your dwellings. 7

4 These are the feasts of the LORD, even [days of] holy convocations, which you 8

shall proclaim in their seasons [and observe like weekly Sabbaths]. 9

#1.

5 In the FOURTEENTH DAY OF THE FIRST MONTH at even is the LORD's 10

passover [which pictures justification through the death of the Son of God]. 11

12

[This is NOT a ceremonial sabbath, but a working day.] 13

14

#2.

6 And on the FIFTEENTH DAY OF THE SAME MONTH is the feast of 15

unleavened bread to the LORD [depicting sanctification]: seven days you must eat 16

unleavened bread. 7 In the first day you shall have a holy convocation [ceremonial 17

sabbath #1]: you shall do no servile [ordinary] work therein. 8 But you shall offer an 18

offering made by fire to the LORD seven days: in the seventh day is a[nother] holy 19

convocation [ceremonial sabbath #2]: you shall do no servile [ordinary] work therein 20

[also]. 21

9 And the LORD spoke to Moses, saying, 22

10 Speak to the children of Israel, and say to them, When you be come into the land 23

which I give to you, and shall reap the harvest thereof, then you shall bring a sheaf 24

of the firstfruits of your [first] harvest [for the year] to the priest: 25

11 and he shall wave the sheaf before the LORD, to be accepted for you: 26

ON THE MORROW AFTER THE [ceremonial] SABBATH [the 16th

day of the 27

month] the priest shall wave it [above his head in front of the sanctuary, for it typifies the 28

resurrection of Christ. 1 Corinthians 15:20]. 29

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12 And you shall offer that day when you wave the sheaf a he lamb without blemish 1

of the first year for a burnt offering to the LORD. 13 And the meat [cereal] offering 2

thereof shall be two tenth deals of fine flour mingled with oil, an offering made by 3

fire to the LORD for a sweet savour: and the drink offering thereof shall be of 4

wine, the fourth part of an hin. 5

14 And you shall eat neither bread, nor parched corn, nor green ears, until the 6

selfsame day that you have brought an offering to your God: it shall be a statute for 7

ever throughout your generations in all your dwellings. 8

#3.

15 And you shall count to you from the morrow after the [ceremonial] sabbath [the 9

16th

day of the month], from the day that you brought the sheaf of the wave offering; 10

seven [weekly] Sabbaths shall be complete: 16 EVEN TO THE MORROW AFTER 11

THE SEVENTH SABBATH SHALL YOU NUMBER FIFTY DAYS [this would 12

ALWAYS be a Sunday, called the Day of Pentecost (the 50th

day) and is in the 3rd

month]; 13

and you shall offer a new meat [cereal] offering to the LORD. 17 You shall bring 14

out of your habitations two wave loaves of two tenth deals: they shall be of fine 15

flour; they shall be baked with leaven; they are the firstfruits to the LORD 16

[representing the gift of the Spirit to less than perfect men – for they are “baked with 17

leaven”]. 18

18 And you shall offer with the bread seven lambs without blemish of the first year, 19

and one young bullock, and two rams: they shall be for a burnt offering to the 20

LORD, with their meat [cereal] offering, and their drink offerings, even an offering 21

made by fire, of sweet savour to the LORD. 22

19 Then you shall sacrifice one kid of the goats for a sin offering, and two lambs of 23

the first year for a sacrifice of peace [thank You] offerings. 20 And the priest shall 24

wave them with the bread of the firstfruits for a wave offering before the LORD 25

with the two lambs: they shall be holy to the LORD for the priest [and others to eat]. 26

21 And you shall proclaim [sabbath #3] on the selfsame day, that it may be a holy 27

convocation to you: you shall do no servile [ordinary] work therein: it shall be a 28

statute for ever in all your dwellings throughout your generations. 29

22 And when you reap the harvest of your land, you shall not make clean riddance 30

of the corners of your field when you reap, neither shall you gather any gleaning of 31

your harvest: you shall leave them to the poor, and to the stranger: I am the LORD 32

your God. [You will share your blessings with actions after the words during the 4th

, 5th

and 33

6th

“months”.] 34

#4.

23 And the LORD spoke to Moses, saying, 24 Speak to the children of Israel, saying, 35

IN THE SEVENTH MONTH, IN THE FIRST DAY OF THE MONTH, shall you 36

have a [ceremonial] sabbath [#4], a memorial of blowing of [warning] trumpets, a 37

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holy convocation. 25 You shall do no servile [ordinary] work therein: but you shall 1

offer an offering made by fire to the LORD [and for the next ten days warn the world of 2

the soon coming judgment day]. 3

#5.

26 And the LORD spoke to Moses, saying, 27 Also on THE TENTH DAY OF THIS 4

SEVENTH MONTH there shall be a Day of Atonement [the Day of Judgment]: it 5

shall be a holy convocation [#5] to you; and you shall afflict your souls, and offer 6

an offering made by fire to the LORD. 28 And you shall do no work in that same 7

day: for it is a day of atonement, to make an atonement for [all of] you before the 8

LORD your God. 29 For whatsoever soul it be that shall not be afflicted [upset] in 9

that same day [by the recognition of his or her past sins], he shall be cut off from 10

among his people. 30 And whatsoever soul it be that does any work in that same 11

day, the same soul will I destroy from among his people. 12

31 You shall do no manner of [ordinary] work [all that day]: it shall be a statute for 13

ever throughout your generations in all your dwellings. 32 It shall be to you a 14

sabbath of rest [like the weekly one], and you shall afflict your souls: in the ninth day 15

of the month at even, from even to even, shall you celebrate your sabbath. 16

#6.

33 And the LORD spoke to Moses, saying, 34 Speak to the children of Israel, saying, 17

THE FIFTEENTH DAY OF THIS SEVENTH MONTH shall be the Feast of 18

Tabernacles [living in tents] for seven days to the LORD [a picture of being with Him in 19

heaven during the 1,000 years. 1 Thessalonians 4:17]. 20

35 On the first day shall be a holy convocation [#6]: you shall do no servile 21

[ordinary] work therein. 36 Seven days you shall offer an offering made by fire to the 22

LORD [Hebrews 13:15-16]: ON THE EIGHTH DAY shall be a[nother] holy 23

convocation [#7] to you; and you shall offer an[other] offering made by fire to the 24

LORD: it is a solemn assembly; and you shall do no servile [ordinary] work therein. 25

37 These are the feasts of the LORD, which you shall proclaim to be holy 26

convocations [seven ceremonial sabbaths in all], to offer an offering made by fire to 27

the LORD, a burnt offering, and a meat [cereal] offering, a sacrifice, and drink 28

offerings, every thing upon his day: 38 beside the [weekly] Sabbaths of the LORD, 29

and beside your gifts, and beside all your vows, and beside all your freewill 30

offerings, which you give to the LORD. 31

39 Also in the fifteenth day of the seventh month, when you have gathered in the 32

fruit of the land, you shall keep a feast to the LORD seven days: on the first day 33

shall be a [ceremonial] sabbath, and on the eighth day shall be a [ceremonial] sabbath. 34

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40 And you shall take you on the first day the boughs of goodly trees, branches of 1

palm trees, and the boughs of thick trees, and willows of the brook [to make natural 2

dwelling places]; and you shall rejoice before the LORD your God seven days. 3

41 And you shall keep it a feast to the LORD seven days in the year [the eighth day is 4

a picture of the preparation for the return to earth]. It shall be a statute for ever in your 5

generations: you shall celebrate it in the seventh month. 6

42 You shall dwell in booths seven days [nights]; all that are Israelites born shall 7

dwell in booths: 43 that your generations [posterity] may know that I made the 8

children of Israel to dwell in booths, when I brought them out of the land of Egypt: 9

I am the LORD your God [the eighth day has no “night” in heaven]. 10

44 And Moses declared to the children of Israel the feasts of the LORD. 11

***************(End Quote)

oooOooo

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Appendix C:

Some Details of the Passover ritual (as we know them in 2013)

Before we can appreciate what these words mean today, we need to investigate the 1

old system to see what it teaches. The original “pass over” occurred at midnight on 2

the night before the departure from Egyptian slavery. At that time, all those 3

firstborn who were in the houses which had the blood of the Lamb on their 4

doorposts were protected from the destroyer. “For the LORD will pass through to 5

smite the Egyptians; and when He sees the blood upon the lintel, and on the two 6

side posts, the LORD will pass [hover] over the door, and will not suffer the 7

destroyer to come in to your houses to smite [kill] you. And you shall observe this 8

thing for an ordinance to you and to your sons for ever”. Exodus 12:23-24. 9

After the first anniversary of the Passover was observed at Mount Sinai and the 10

people moved to Kadesh-Barnea where they refused to go on into the Promised 11

Land (Numbers 14:1-24), the LORD suspended both circumcision and the 12

Passover ceremonies until they crossed the River Jordan thirty-eight years later. 13

At that time He gave them some new directions through Moses concerning them. 14

“For you shall pass over Jordan to go in to possess the land which the LORD your 15

God gives you, and you shall possess it, and dwell therein. And you shall observe 16

to do all the statutes and judgments which I set before you this day”. Deuteronomy 17

11:31-32. 18

***************(Begin Quote)

Joshua 5: 19

1 And it came to pass, when all the kings of the Amorites, which were on the side 20

of Jordan westward, and all the kings of the Canaanites, which were by the 21

[Mediterranean] sea, heard that the LORD had dried up the waters of Jordan from 22

before the children of Israel, until we were passed over, that their heart melted, 23

neither was there spirit in them any more, because of the children of Israel. 24

2 At that time the LORD said to Joshua, “Make you sharp knives [sharpen the brass 25

(bronze) knives], and circumcise again the children of Israel the second time”. 3 And 26

Joshua made him sharp knives, and circumcised the children of Israel at the hill of 27

the foreskins. 28

4 And this is the cause why Joshua did circumcise: 29

All the people that came out of Egypt, that were males, even all the men of war 30

[twenty years old and upward], died in the wilderness by the way, after they came out 31

of Egypt. 32

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5 Now all the people that came out were circumcised: but all the people that were 1

born in the wilderness by the way as they came forth out of Egypt, them they had 2

not circumcised. 6 For the children of Israel walked forty years in the wilderness, 3

till all the people that were men of war, which came out of Egypt, were consumed, 4

because they obeyed not the voice of the LORD: to whom the LORD swore that 5

He would not show them the land, which the LORD swore to their fathers that He 6

would give us, a land that flows with milk and honey. 7 And their children, whom 7

He raised up in their stead, them Joshua circumcised: for they were uncircumcised, 8

because they had not circumcised them by the way. 9

8 And it came to pass, when they had done circumcising all the people, that they 10

abode in their places in the camp, till they were whole [recovered]. 9 And the LORD 11

said to Joshua, “This day have I rolled away the reproach of Egypt from off you. 12

Wherefore the name of the place is called ‘Gilgal’ to this day. 13

10 And the children of Israel encamped in Gilgal, and kept the passover on the 14

fourteenth day of the month at even in the plains of Jericho [they had circumcised on 15

the tenth day of the month, which was choosing day for the Passover. Exodus 12:3; 48-49]. 16

11 And they did eat of the old corn of the land on the morrow after the passover, 17

unleavened cakes, and parched corn in the selfsame day [Exodus 12:8]. 18

12 And the manna ceased on the morrow after they had eaten of the old corn of the 19

land; neither had the children of Israel manna any more; but they did eat of the 20

fruit of the land of Canaan that year. 21

***************(End Quote)

Moses had also told them, “You shall not do after all the things that we do here this 22

day, every man whatsoever is right in his own eyes. For you are not as yet come to 23

the [Sabbath] rest and to the inheritance, which the LORD your God gives you. But 24

when you go over Jordan, and dwell in the land which the LORD your God gives 25

you to inherit, and when He gives you [physical] rest from all your enemies round 26

about, so that you dwell in safety; then there shall be a place which the LORD your 27

God shall choose to cause His name to dwell there; there shall you bring all that I 28

command you; your burnt offerings, and your sacrifices, your tithes, and the heave 29

offering of your hand, and all your choice vows which you vow to the LORD”. 30

Deuteronomy 12:8-11. 31

Then he continued: 32

***************(Begin Quote)

Deuteronomy 12: 33

28 Observe and hear all these words which I command you, that it may go well 34

with you, and with your children after you for ever, when you do that which is 35

good and right in the sight of the LORD your God. 36

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29 “When the LORD your God shall cut off the nations from before you, where you 1

go to possess them, and you succeed them, and dwell in their land; 30 take heed to 2

yourself that you be not snared by following them, after that they be destroyed 3

from before you; and that you inquire not after their gods, saying, ‘How did these 4

nations serve their gods? Even so will I do likewise’. 5

31 “You shall not do so to the LORD your God: for every abomination to the 6

LORD, which He hates, have they done to their gods; for even their sons and their 7

daughters they have burnt in the fire to their gods. 8

32 “What thing soever I command you, observe to do it: you shall not add thereto, 9

nor diminish from it”. 10

***************(End Quote)

One of the major changes was that the Passover was no longer to be practised at 11

home, but along with all the other sacrificial rituals, it was to be observed at the 12

sanctuary in its various locations. (e.g. Joshua 18:1; 2 Samuel 7:6.) 13

In Solomon’s time the temple site in Jerusalem became the permanent place. This 14

meant that the males of Israel had to travel to that place for the three pilgrimages 15

they made each year. 16

“Three times you shall keep a feast to Me in the year. You shall keep the Feast of 17

Unleavened Bread: (you shall eat unleavened bread seven days, as I commanded 18

you, in the time appointed of the month Abib; for in it you came out from Egypt: 19

and none shall appear before Me empty [handed].) And the [one day] Feast of 20

Harvest [aka Pentecost], the firstfruits of your labours, which you have sown in the 21

field: and the [eight day] Feast of Ingathering, which is in the end of the year, when 22

you have gathered in your labours out of the field. Three times in the year all your 23

males shall appear before the LORD GOD”. Exodus 23:14-17. 24

Thus it was written: 25

***************(Begin Quote)

Deuteronomy 16: 26

1 Observe the month of Abib, and keep the passover to the LORD your God: for in 27

the month of Abib the LORD your God brought you forth out of Egypt by night. 28

2 You shall therefore sacrifice the passover to the LORD your God, of the flock 29

and the herd, in the place which the LORD shall choose to place His name there. . . 30

5 You may not sacrifice [kill] the passover within any of your gates, which the 31

LORD your God gives you: 6 but at the place which the LORD your God shall 32

choose to place His name in, there you shall sacrifice [and eat] the passover at even, 33

at the going down of the sun, at the season that you came forth out of Egypt. 34

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7 And you shall roast and eat it in the place which the LORD your God shall 1

choose: and you shall turn in the morning [after midnight], and go to your tents. 8 Six 2

days you shall eat unleavened bread: and on the seventh day shall be a solemn 3

assembly to the LORD your God: you shall do no work therein. 4

***************(End Quote)

There were two unfortunate outcomes from this new rule: 5

The first was that often the females of Israel were thereby excluded from observing 6

the Passover ritual, and the other was that it soon became attached (in the minds of 7

the men) to the Feast of Unleavened Bread which followed it. “Now the Feast of 8

Unleavened Bread drew nigh, which is called the Passover”. Luke 22:1. This made 9

it an eight day feast like that of the Feast of Ingathering (or Tabernacles as it was 10

sometimes known), and this spoilt the special significance of the latter festival. 11

In actual fact, the Passover “meal” (and its rituals) was observed on a working day 12

(the 14th of the 1st month). It was the NEXT day, the 15th, which was the first 13

ceremonial sabbath (rest day) of the Feast of Unleavened Bread. This was followed 14

by the firstfruits of the first harvest for the year, on the 16th which was also a 15

working day. Thus Jesus Christ died on Friday the 14th, rested in the tomb on 16

Saturday the 15th and rose in the splendour of His work as the Firstfruits (the most 17

important) of the dead on Sunday the resurrection day, the 16th. “But now is Christ 18

risen from the dead, and become the firstfruits of them that slept [in death] . . . For 19

as in Adam all die, even so in Christ shall all be made alive. But every man in his 20

own order: Christ the firstfruits; afterward they that are Christ's at His coming”. 21

1 Corinthians 15:20-23. The feast also ended in a “holy convocation”, another 22

ceremonial sabbath day, the 21st . 23

“In the fourteenth day of the first month at even [sunset] is the LORD's passover. 24

And on the fifteenth day of the same month is The Feast of Unleavened Bread to 25

the LORD: seven days you must eat unleavened bread. In the first day you shall 26

have a holy convocation [a rest day]: you shall do no servile [ordinary] work therein. 27

But you shall offer an offering made by fire to the LORD seven days: in the 28

seventh day [the 21st of the month] is [also] a holy convocation: you shall do no 29

servile work therein [either]”. Leviticus 23:5-8. 30

However, I don’t think the women minded too much about being excluded from 31

the play-acting of religion, for they were far too busy dealing with the realities of 32

it. They understood what took the men much longer to comprehend, “Purge out 33

therefore the old leaven [the old errors], that you may be a new lump, as you are 34

[now] unleavened. For even Christ our passover [Lamb] is sacrificed for us. 35

Therefore let us keep the Feast, not with old leaven [of rituals], neither with the 36

leaven of malice and wickedness [the old spiritual life]; but with the unleavened 37

bread of sincerity and truth [the new life]. 1 Corinthians 5:7-8. 38

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Spiritually, the believer in the gospel “chooses” to make the Son of God their 1

Saviour on the 10th day of the new year, kills and ingests the body of Christ on the 2

14th after being prepared by a removal of the old life (Romans 7:4), then relaxes on 3

the 15th in the knowledge that slavish obedience is not required, but only willing, 4

loving service. They then rise to the resurrection of a new creation to be trained for 5

a Pentecost of witness to the world. 6

Then shall they say: “Come, and let us return to the LORD: for He has torn, and 7

He will heal us; He has smitten, and He will bind us up. After two days will He 8

revive us: in the third day He will raise us up, and we shall live in His sight. Then 9

shall we know, if we follow on to know the LORD: His going forth is prepared as 10

the morning; and He shall come to us as the rain, as the latter and former rain to the 11

earth”. Hosea 6:1-3. 12

Thus it is written; “Paul, a servant of Jesus Christ, called to be an apostle, 13

separated to the gospel of God, (which He had promised afore by His prophets in 14

the holy scriptures,) concerning His Son Jesus Christ our LORD, which was made 15

of the seed of David according to the flesh; and declared to be the Son of God 16

WITH POWER, according to the spirit of holiness, by the resurrection from the 17

dead: by whom we have received grace and apostleship, for obedience to the faith 18

among all nations, for His name”. Romans 1:1-5. 19

Later, Paul also wrote: “Know you not, that so many of us as were baptized into 20

Jesus Christ were baptized into His death? Therefore we are buried with Him by 21

baptism into death: that like as Christ was raised up from the dead by the glory of 22

the Father, even so we also should walk in newness of life. For if we have been 23

planted [buried] together in the likeness of His death, we shall be also in the 24

likeness of His resurrection: knowing this, that our “old man” is crucified with 25

Him, that the body of sin might be destroyed, that henceforth we should not serve 26

sin. For he that is “dead” is freed from [the slavery of] sin. Romans 6:3-7. 27

This experience is also described as a “marriage” in Romans 7:4. “Wherefore, my 28

brothers [and sisters], you also are become dead to the law by the body of Christ; 29

that you should be married to another, even to Him who is raised from the dead, 30

that we should bring forth fruit [“children”, or actions] to God”. 31

This is how God sees His “wife”:- 32

***************(Begin Quote)

Proverbs 31: 33

10 Who can find a virtuous woman [a Christian]? 34

For her price is far above rubies. 35

99

11 The heart of her husband [Christ] does safely trust in her, so that he shall have no 1

need [fear] of spoil. 12 She will do him good and not evil all the days of her life 2

[she is mistress of his house]. 3

13 She seeks wool, and flax, and works willingly with her hands [alongside her 4

servants]. 14 She is like the merchants' ships; she brings her food from afar [has a 5

great selection]. 15 She rises also while it is yet night [before dawn], and gives meat 6

[breakfast] to her household, and a portion to her maidens. 16 She considers a field, 7

and buys it: with the fruit of her hands she plants [plans] a vineyard. 17 She girds her 8

loins with strength, and strengthens her arms. 18 She perceives [supervises] that her 9

merchandise is good: her candle goes not out by night [till late at night]. 19 She lays 10

her hands to the spindle, and her hands hold the distaff [she multi-tasks]. 11

20 She stretches out her hand to the poor; yea, she reaches forth her hands to the 12

needy [she has a sympathetic heart]. 13

21 She is not afraid of the snow for her household [her converts]: for all her 14

household are clothed with scarlet [woollen clothing, the robe of righteousness]. 22 She 15

makes herself coverings of tapestry; her clothing is silk and purple [functional and 16

beautiful]. 17

23 Her husband is known in the gates [the places of assembly], when he sits among the 18

elders of the land [talking over the weighty matters of the law]. 19

24 She makes fine linen, and sells it; and delivers girdles to the merchant. 20

25 Strength and honour are her clothing; and she shall rejoice in time to come [she 21

looks forward to a better world]. 26 She opens her mouth with wisdom; and in her 22

tongue is the law of kindness. 27 She looks well to the ways of her household, and 23

eats not the bread of idleness. 24

28 Her children arise up, and call her blessed; her husband also, and he praises her. 25

29 “Many daughters [of Israel] have done virtuously, but you excel them all”. 26

30 Favour is deceitful, and beauty is vain: but a woman that fears the LORD, she 27

shall be praised. 31 Give her of the fruit of her hands; and let her own works praise 28

her in the gates [and in the eyes of God]. 29

***************(End Quote)

In this way, the gospel is preached in all the world. (Matthew 24:14.) 30

So why did God change His mind about the passover? 31

Well, of course, He didn’t do that! It is ALWAYS His people who desire the 32

change and the LORD goes along with them as much as He can while still doing 33

His work in the background. They did not have the “rest” principle of the weekly 34

100

Sabbath, and yet loved the rituals and ceremonies of the law, so He gave them a 1

legal Passover. By having the Passover meal in Jerusalem, He moved them away 2

from the heathen practices, but unfortunately, the majority lost the spiritual 3

significance of it. 4

Then He waited patiently. 5

After the return from the Babylonian exile there arose two groups among the Jews 6

who differed in their understanding of the timing and place of the Passover and we 7

are shown this at the time of Christ, who of course, kept the Passover and the Feast 8

at the right time and in the right way. 9

***************(Begin Quote)

Matthew 26: 10

17 Now the first day of the Feast of Unleavened Bread the disciples came to Jesus, 11

saying to Him, “Where will You that we prepare for You to eat the passover? 12

18 And He said, “Go into the city to such a man, and say to him, ‘The Master says, 13

My time is at hand; I will keep the passover at your house with My disciples’.” 14

19 And the disciples did as Jesus had appointed them; and they made ready the 15

passover. 20 Now when the even was come, He sat down with the twelve. 16

***************(End Quote)

This was Thursday night in our timing, and the Passover day was just beginning 17

with the sunset. The sunrise was Friday morning in our terms (sometimes called 18

“Good Friday”). They had killed and prepared the Passover lamb on what we 19

would call Thursday afternoon, because in the ritual it was the “eating” of it that 20

was most important, not the death or the cooking. 21

But the Pharisees had a different period in mind: 22

***************(Begin Quote)

Mark 14: 23

1 After two days was the Feast of the Passover, and of Unleavened Bread: and the 24

chief priests and the scribes sought how they might take Him by craft, and put Him 25

to death. 2 But they said, “Not on the Feast day, lest there be an uproar of the 26

people”. 27

***************(End Quote) 28

The religionists decided not to capture Him on the Feast day, yet He was arrested 29

and tried right through the night of the 14th into the early hours of Friday morning 30

which was the first part of the Passover day! (They did not consider that day to be 31

important!) 32

101

***************(Begin Quote)

John 18: 1

28 Then led they Jesus from Caiaphas to the hall of judgment: and it was early 2

[Friday morning]; and they themselves went not into the judgment hall, lest they 3

should be defiled; but that they might eat the passover [that night, our Friday night, 4

which was beginning of the weekly Sabbath]. 5

***************(End Quote)

So we see that there was a discrepancy in their understanding of the law. They, like 6

many of the evangelists of today, failed to see the significance of the Passover day, 7

and concentrated their teachings on the rituals which followed it. Thus they 8

preached (and still do), a gospel without power! 9

***************(Begin Quote)

John 19: 10

13 When Pilate therefore heard that saying [that Christ was a rebel king], he brought 11

Jesus forth, and sat down in the judgment seat in a place that is called “the 12

Pavement” [by the Romans], but in the Hebrew, “Gabbatha”. 13

14 And it was the preparation of the Passover [the day before the Sabbath], and about 14

the sixth hour [6am Friday morning, Roman time, which starts at midnight]: and he said 15

to the Jews, “Behold your King”! 15 But they cried out, ‘Away with Him, away 16

with Him, crucify Him’. Pilate said to them, ‘Shall I crucify your King?’ The chief 17

priests answered, ‘We have no king but Caesar’. 16 Then delivered he Him 18

therefore to them to be crucified. And they took Jesus, and led Him away. 17 And 19

He bearing His cross went forth into a place called “The Place of a Skull”, which is 20

called in the Hebrew “Golgotha”: 18 where they crucified Him [at 9am Friday 21

morning], and two others with Him, on either side one, and Jesus in the midst . . . 22

31 The Jews therefore, because it was the preparation, that the bodies should not 23

remain upon the cross on the Sabbath day, (for that Sabbath day was a high day 24

[both a weekly and a yearly day],) besought Pilate that their legs might be broken, and 25

that they might be taken away. 26

***************(End Quote)

Since the destruction of the temple in the year 70AD there has been no set place in 27

which to observe the Passover, so it has reverted to being observed in the houses of 28

the Jews in a modified form. 29

However, as we read these modern-day comments on the ritual we can easily see 30

the confusion that still reigns among them. 31

102

***************(Begin Quote)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passover 1

Together with Shavuot ("Pentecost") and Sukkot ("Tabernacles"), Passover is one 2

of the three pilgrimage festivals (Shalosh Regalim) during which the entire Jewish 3

populace historically made a pilgrimage to the Temple in Jerusalem.[3] Samaritans 4

still make this pilgrimage to Mount Gerizim, but only men participate in public 5

worship.[4][5] . . . 6

In Israel, Passover is the seven-day holiday of the Feast of Unleavened Bread, with 7

the first and last days observed as legal holidays and as holy days involving 8

abstention from work, special prayer services, and holiday meals; the intervening 9

days are known as Chol HaMoed ("Weekdays of the Festival"). Diaspora Jews 10

historically observed the festival for eight days, and most still do. Reform and 11

Reconstructionist Jews and Israeli Jews, wherever they are, usually observe the 12

holiday over seven days. The reason for this extra day is due to enactment of the 13

Sages. It is thought by many scholars that Jews outside of Israel could not be 14

certain if their local calendars fully conformed to practice of the Temple at 15

Jerusalem, so they added an extra day. But as this practice only attaches to certain 16

(major) holy days, others posit the extra day may have been added to accommodate 17

people who had to travel long distances to participate in communal worship and 18

ritual practices; or the practice may have evolved as a compromise between 19

conflicting interpretations of Jewish Law regarding the calendar; or it may have 20

evolved as a safety measure in areas where Jews were commonly in danger, so that 21

their enemies would not be certain on which day to attack.[10] 22

Karaite Jews and Samaritans use different versions of the Jewish calendar, which 23

are often out of sync with the modern Jewish calendar by one or two days. In 2009, 24

for example, Nisan 15 on the Jewish calendar used by Rabbinical Judaism 25

corresponds to April 9. On the calendars used by Karaites and Samaritans, Abib or 26

Aviv 15 (as opposed to 'Nisan') corresponds to April 11 in 2009. The Karaite and 27

Samaritan Passovers are each one day long, followed by the six day Festival of 28

Unleavened Bread – for a total of seven days. 29

According to Exodus 12:3 the Passover lamb must be separated on the "10th day of 30

the Month" therefore, a full cycle of the moon must be observed to determine when 31

to hold the Passover. It cannot merely be held on the first full moon after the 32

Spring Equinox. It must be observed after the first New Moon after the Equinox, 33

then count 10 days, and 14th, and 15th, then always the Passover falls on the Full 34

Moon . . . 35

Main article: Korban Pesach 36

When the Temple in Jerusalem was standing, the focus of the Passover festival was 37

the Passover sacrifice (Hebrew korban Pesach) also known as the "Paschal 38

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passover

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shavuot

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukkot

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_pilgrimage_festivals

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temple_in_Jerusalem

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passover#cite_note-2

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samaritan

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Gerizim



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_of_Israel

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chol_HaMoed

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reform_Judaism

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconstructionist_Judaism

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wise_old_man


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karaite

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samaria

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korban_Pesach

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temple_in_Jerusalem

103

Lamb"). Every family large enough to completely consume a young lamb or wild 1

goat was required to offer one for sacrifice at the Jewish Temple on the afternoon 2

of the 14th day of Nisan,(Num 9:11) and eat it that night, which was the 15th of 3

Nisan (Exodus 12:6). If the family was too small to finish eating the entire offering 4

in one sitting, an offering was made for a group of families. The sacrifice could not 5

be offered with anything leavened,(Exodus 23:18) and had to be roasted, without 6

its head, feet, or inner organs being removed (Exodus 12:9) and eaten together with 7

unleavened bread (matzo) and bitter herbs (maror) (Exodus 12:9 One had to be 8

careful not to break any bones from the offering, (Exodus 12:46) and none of the 9

meat could be left over by morning (Exodus 12:10Exodus 23:18). 10

Because of the Passover sacrifice's status as a sacred offering, the only people 11

allowed to eat it were those who had the obligation to bring the offering. Among 12

those who could not offer or eat the Passover lamb were: An apostate (Exodus 13

12:43), a servant (Exodus 12:45), an uncircumcised man (Exodus 12:48), a person 14

in a state of ritual impurity, except when a majority of Jews are in such a state 15

(Pesahim 66b), and a non-Jew. The offering had to be made before a quorum of 30 16

(Pesahim 64b). In the Temple, the Levites sang Hallel while the priests performed 17

the sacrificial service. Men and women were equally obligated regarding the 18

offering (Pesahim 91b). 19

Women were obligated, as men, to perform the Korban Pesach and to participate in 20

a Seder. . . . 21

Today, in the absence of the Temple, the mitzvah of the Korban Pesach is 22

memorialized in the Seder Korban Pesach, recited in the afternoon of Nisan 14, 23

and in the form of symbolic food placed on the Passover Seder Plate, which is 24

usually a roasted shankbone. The eating of the afikoman substitutes for the eating 25

of the Korban Pesach at the end of the Seder meal (Mishnah Pesachim 119a). 26

Many Sephardi Jews have the custom of eating lamb or goat meat during the Seder 27

in memory of the Korban Pesach. 28

***************(End Quote)

oooOooo

For more, see also:

http://www.biblicalperspectives.com/books/festivals_1/3.html

http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/judaism/holydays/passover_1.shtml

http://jewishappleseed.org/apple/passover.htm

http://bibref.hebtools.com/?book=%20Num&verse=9:11&src=HE

http://bibref.hebtools.com/?book=%20Exodus&verse=12:6&src=NIV

http://bibref.hebtools.com/?book=%20Exodus&verse=23:18&src=HE


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matzo

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maror





http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apostate



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indentured_servant


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brit_milah


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tohorot

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pesahim

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quorum


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levites

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hallel

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohen


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitzvah

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passover_Seder_Plate

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humerus

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afikoman

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mishnah

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sephardi_Jews

http://www.biblicalperspectives.com/books/festivals_1/3.html

http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/judaism/holydays/passover_1.shtml

http://jewishappleseed.org/apple/passover.htm

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