a seminar on biomimicry

Presented By:Tanaya Jawale

B.Tech Production (S/W)111013063

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A seminar on Biomimicry

Biomimicry|23.05.14|COEP

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» Introduction

» Methodology

» Biomimicry Examples

» Biomimicry in Operations Research

» Conclusions

» Future Scope

» References


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Outline

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WHY NATURE?» It's the world's oldest, largest, and the most reliable R&D organization.» Evolutionary pressure forces living organisms to become highly optimized

& efficient» After 3.8 billion years of research & development, FAILURES = FOSSILS & what surrounds us is the secret to sustenance!

What is it? Study nature's best ideas - Imitate these designs & processes - solve complex human problems


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Introduction

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» Leonardo da Vinci's 'flying machine'

» Aeroplane - Wright brothers, in 1903

Velcro - A Serendipitous Innovation » Discovery - In 1948 by George de Mestral »Noticed burdock burr seeds stuck to his dog's fur.» Found 'hooks & loops' pattern» Mestral used nylon strips for his hooks & loops.

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» Biomimicry thinking:1. Scoping2. Discovering3. Creating4. Evaluating

Methodology» Biology or Biomimicry?

» Nature as MODEL, MENTOR & MEASURE

» Practicing Biomimicry for any process independent of the discipline.

» Ensures integration of life’s strategies into human designs

Results:»Are sustainable»Perform well»Save energy»Cut material costs»Redefine and eliminate “waste”


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Biology to Design Challenge to Biology

Process initiation: inspirational biological insight

Process initiation: Problem defined before hand, seek biological insights for solution

Focuses on innovations; beneficial for inventors & entrepreneurs

Useful for a ‘controlled’ setting; e.g. classroom, iterative design process

E.g. Velcro, Swarm Intelligence E.g. Bionic- The car, Shinkansen Bullet Train, inspired by a Kingfisher’s beak.


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Examples

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» How do geckos climb walls?

» Using setae; each seta ends in a spatula-like structure

» Nanoscale spatulae interact with wall atoms; generate Van der Waal’s forces

» The adhesive system demonstrates high friction.

» Intimate contact with an opposing surface achieved through the bending of millions of compliant setae.

» A synthetic microstructure made by casting plastic into a porous mold.

» Array of vertically aligned polymer fibers» Exhibit compliance by bending & buckling » Atomic level bonds formed» High resistance to sliding ; » 30X more force

Gecko Tape


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Mechanical/ Fabrication

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• Lotus leaves are self-cleaning, super-hydrophobic• Roughened micro scale surface, trapped air in the interstitial spaces reduces liquid-

to-solid contact area, improves contact angle up to 170°; droplets formed• Dirt particles stick to these droplets, slight tilt causes droplets to roll off• Microscopically rough surface additives introduced into a new generation of paint,

glass, and fabric finishes,• For example, GreenShield, a fabric finish made by G3i achieves the same water and

stain repellency


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The Lotus Effect

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• The Shinkansen Bullet Train, the world's fastest train• Major problem: NOISE, sonic booms created• Kingfishers move between two mediums swiftly and smoothly• The front end of the train was modeled after the bird's beak• Results: Quieter train, 15% reduction in electricity consumption, 10% improvement in

speed


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The Power of Shape

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Characteristics: »Powerful muscles, streamlined shape, »rigid outer skin consists of numerous bony, hexagonal plates. »Good maneuverability.»Drag coefficient = 0.06 ; ideal value = 0.04

» A concept car, launched by Mercedes-Benz in 2005.

» Drag coefficient = 0.19» Mileage : 70 miles per gallon.» extremely fuel efficient due to streamlined

shape and lightweight characteristics.» 20% reduced fuel consumption» 80% reduced NO emissions» Can run on biofuel efficiently » Max. speed: 190 kmph

BIONIC – The CarBIONIC – The Car


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• Trees arrange their fibers to minimize stress & add material where strength is needed

• Bones remove material where not needed, optimizing their structure • CAO (computer-aided optimization) and SKO (soft kill option) developed by

Claus Mattheck at the Karlsruhe Research Centre in Germany• An Opel engine mount designed using the software is 25% lighter yet 60% more

stable than one designed conventionally.


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Industrial Design

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Categories Examples

Swarm Intelligence based Ant colony Optimization, Artificial Bee Colony

Bio-inspired (but not SI based) Flower pollination algorithm, Differential evolution

Physics/chemistry based Gravitational search, Intelligent water drop

Other Differential search algorithm, Backtracking optimization search

Nature based algorithms

Biomimicry|23.05.14|COEP 13

Operations Research

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• (SI) is the collective behavior of decentralized, self-organized systems• Consists of a population interacting locally with one another and with their environment. • Although, individual behaviours are random, interactions between the agents leads to emergence of intelligent global behaviour

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» Developed by K.N. Krishnanand and D. Ghose in 2005.» The female glowworms glow to attract mates or prey. The brighter the glow more

is the attraction. » Useful for simultaneous search of multiple optima having different objective

function values» Phases:1. deployment of glowworms phase 2. luciferin-update phase 3. movement phase 4. local-decision domain update phaseApplications: data clustering problems, Optimal Power flow problems, etc


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Glowworm Swarm Optimization

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Conclusions & Future Scope


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» Biomimicry is used in day to day life as well as specific engineering problems!» By utilizing Biomimicry Thinking innovations can be made 100% nature friendly» Nature provides the best solutions!

» Species on earth range from 2 to 50 million» A lot of areas still lie unexplored» Tremendous future scope!

References


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Acknowledgements

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a seminar on biomimicry

Documents

biomimicry biomimicry23

waste biomimicry23

stain repellency biomimicry23

biomimicry thinking

biology process initiation

force gecko tape biomimicry23

process independent

methodology biology