a panoramic view on ethno botanical, chemical...

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European Journal of Research [email protected]¹ 2/2019

Generalization of Scientific ResultsVienna, Austria

A PANORAMIC VIEW ON ETHNO BOTANICAL,CHEMICAL, PHARMACOLOGICAL AND

HOMEOPATHIC USE OF AESCULUSHIPPOCASTANUM

Shifa Shaffique*1, Hafiz Muhammad Asif2, Haseeb Anwer1, GhulamHussain1,Khalil ahmed2, Sabira Sultana3

1. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government CollegeUniversity, Faisalabad, Pakistan

2. University College of Conventional Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy andAlternative Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan

3. Department of eastern medicine, government college university [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],

[email protected], [email protected],[email protected]

Abstract: Aesculus hippocastanumis traditionally used polychrest remedy and knownsince 18th century due to many medicinal properties.It is also well known homeopathicmedicine that is useful for various diseases. Traditionally it is used in various ailments.Objective: In present study, attempt has been made to collect the botanical, ethnobotanical, taxonomical, chemical constituents, and homeopathic uses of Aesculushi ppocastanum.

Study design: Information was collected from various search engines and books.Conclusion: It is concluded from present study that that aesculushas a prominent

action as imuno modulatory action, anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant and best alternative toanti-inflammatory.

Key words: Aesculus,polychrest, Homeopathic uses

SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES

http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2521-3253-2019-2-15

Manuscript info:Received January 12, 2018., Accepted January 17, 2018., Published February 20, 2019.

IntroductionAesculus hippocastanum is a plant of family Hippocastanaceae found in

forests of South East Europe. It is commonly known as 'Kastana and Horsechestnut to treat overexertion and cough by Turks and Greeks. The commonname come from the use of seed of horse chestnut It is proved by DrCooley .it is use as traditional medicine especially use for the varicose

Recommended citation: Shifa Shaffique, Hafiz Muhammad Asif, Haseeb Anwer, GhulamHussain,Khalil ahmed, Sabira Sultana. A PANORAMIC VIEW ON ETHNO BOTANICAL,CHEMICAL, PHARMACOLOGICAL AND HOMEOPATHIC USE OF AESCULUSHIPPOCASTANUM. 2 European Journal of Research P. 158-162 (2019).

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veins, enlargement of prostate gland, rheumatism, painful hemorrhoidsaccompanying backache and irritability and rectal complains[1].

The raw horse chestnut are heaving poisonous effect, but after specialpreparation to remove the toxins it is harmless. An ancient superstition ofcaring a horse chestnut seed around in one's pocket to prevent or curearthritis still exists in some countries [2].

The homeopathic mother tincture of aesculus is prepared by ethanolicextraction of fresh seed of Aesculus Hi ppocastanum according tohomeopathic pharmacopoeias. Aesculus hippocastanum is a large tree,growing to about 39 meter. The leaves are with the 3-7 leaflets, eachleaflet is 13-30cm long. The flowers are usually white with the yellow topink blotch at the base of the petals. Usually 1-5 fruits are develop on eachpanicle, the shall is green, spiky capsule containing one nut -like seedcalled conkers or horse-chestnut [3, 4].

Figure 1 Plant ofAesculus Hippocastanum Taxonomic classificationKingdom PlantaeOder SapindalesFamily SapindaceaeGenus AesculusSpecies A.hippocastanumScientific name:Aesculus hippocastanumCommon name:Kastana.Horse chestnut.Part used: Nuts are used.Chemical Constituents of Aesculus hippocastanumAnalysis has shown that the nuts contain water, ash, proteins, essential

oils and carbohydrates.

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Saponins in the seed of A.hippocastanum wasfirsttriterpenoids reported.Saponins, a complex mixture known as ''Aescin''[5].

Figure 2 Saponins

FlavonoidsA number of flavonoids have been detected in A.hippocastanum,

including astragalin, isoquercitrin, leucocyanidin and rutin. Most of thesecompounds are found in seeds but also have been found in fruits leavesand buds[6, 7].

Figure 3Astragalin

Mechanism of action of horse chestnutAescin increase the blood flow towards the veins and it raised cardiac

output by 10-20% .Therefore it causes the vasodilatation and used as anti-inflammatory aid product[8, 9].

Chest PainThe root of horse chestnut is analgesic and has been used to treat chest

pain.Might support fertility in menSupplements of horse chest nut contain an ingredient aescin-not to be

confused with the poisonous esculin found in raw horse chestnuts. Possiblythrough the same mechanisms with which horse chestnut positively impactschronic venous insufficiency, aescin seems to safely increase count andquality of sperm in men with varicocele-associated infertility, accordingto a 2010 research study. This particular form of infertility is caused byenlarged varicose veins within the scrotum and affects 15 out of 100 menoverall and 40 out of 100 men with diagnosed or known infertility[10].

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- Other uses- Hemorrhoids.- Constipation.- Liver affections.- Prolapse of uterus.- Hernia.- Legs ulcers.- Frostbite.Side effect and safety of Aesculus hippocastanum- Horse chestnut sometime side effect such as dizziness, stomach upset,

itching.- The pollens of the horse chestnut can cause allergic reaction.- Raw horse chestnut seed, bark, flowers are unsafe can cause death

when taken by mouth by adult and children[11].

Contraindication of Aesculus hippocastanumPregnancyAesculus hippocastanum is harmful in pregnancy it can lead to death.Bleeding disordersA.hippocastanum might slow blood clotting .Taking horse chestnut might

increase the risk of bruising and bleeding in people with bleeding disorder.Diabetesit is harmful to use horse chestnut in diabetic patient because it lower

the blood sugar level.Kidney DiseaseHorse chestnut worsen the kidney disease.Digestive Problems Horse chestnut seed and bark can irritate the gastrointestinal tract. Don't

use in bowel and stomach disorders.Aesculus hippocastanum as a Homeopathic medicineAesculus is the common Horse Chestnut , a native of Asia but cultivated

extensively in Europe and America. It was proved by Dr. Cooly of the NewYork State

Personality of Aesculus hippocastanumPersons withhaemorrhoidal constitution who suffer from gastric, bilious

or catarrhal trouble.Temperament: IrritableDiathesis: HaemorrhoidalMiasm: PsoricKeynotes of Aesculus hippocastanum- Dry, aching in rectum with the feeling as if full of small sticks.- Hemorrhoids blind, painful, purplish, with the sever lumbosacral

backache.

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- Follicular pharyngitis, dry throat with stitching pains- General modalitiesAggravation-Morning on awaking, any motion, after eating, afternoon, standing.Amelioration-Cool open air, bleeding (piles), summer, and continued exertion.Potency-Third to sixth potency is recomended.Dosage-Used in low potencies [12].Therapeutic value-Ascarides, atrophic pharyngitis, haemorrhoids, varicose vein, jaundice,

leucorrhoea, lumbago[13].

References

1. Bombardelli E, Morazzoni P, Griffini A. Aesculus hi ppocastanum. Fitoterapia.1996;67(6):483-511.2. Vogel G, Uebel H. THE ACTIVE THERAPEUTIC INGREDIENT OF THE HORSECHESTNUT (AESCULUS HIPPOCASTANUM). 3. ARZNEIMITTEL-FORSCHUNG-DRUG RESEARCH. 1960;10(4):275-80.3. Agarwal R. Botanical composition and its uses. Google Patents; 2009.4. Charton V, Caprin B, Bechetoille N. Aesculus hippocastanum extract. Google Patents;2018.5. Tyler ML. Homoeopathic Drug Pictures: Random House; 2012.6. Kapusta I, Janda B, Szajwaj B, Stochmal A, Piacente S, Pizza C, et al. Flavonoids inhorse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) seeds and powdered waste water byproducts.Journal of agricultural and food chemistry. 2007;55(21):8485-90.7. Hubner G, Wray V, Nahrstedt A. Flavonol oligosaccharides from the seeds of Aesculushippocastanum. Planta medica. 1999;65(07):636-42.8. Yarnell E. Botanical Medicine and Sports Injuries. Alternative and ComplementaryTherapies. 1997;3(3):183-6.9. Parida R, Mohanty S, Nayak S, editors. Rapid and stable propagation of Globba marantinaL., an important medicinal plant of family Zingiberaceae. International Conference onAdvances in Biotechnology (BioTech) Proceedings; 2015: Global Science and TechnologyForum.10. Phatak SR. Materia Medica of Homoeopathic Medicines: B. Jain Publishers; 2002.11. DeGrandpre M. Botanical Therapeutics: Text Only Version: Lulu. com; 2010.12. Patil J. Gems of Homoeopathic Materia Medica: B. Jain Publishers; 2002.13. Paradise L. Homeopathic pharmaceutical compositions. Google Patents; 1998.

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