a meta-analysis of the efficacy of albendazole c

8/19/2019 A meta-analysis of the efficacy of albendazole c

1/8

http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_7/dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.09.023mailto:[email protected]://crossmark.crossref.org/dialog/?doi=10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.09.023&domain=pdfhttp://www.elsevier.com/locate/actatropicahttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0001706Xhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_7/dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.09.023


2/8


3/8

122 A.A. Escobedo et al. / Acta Tropica 153 (2016) 120–127

2.3. Study selection and data extraction process

A spreadsheet recorded data on: study design, randomization

method, andparticipant numbers by treatmentarmand sex, pres-

ence of signs and/or symptoms at diagnosis, diagnostic method

used to assess parasitological cure, follow-up times, and par-

asitological cure frequencies. Data from included studies were

abstractedby two authors (A. A. E. and P.A.),whereas other author

(J.B.) checked the data extracted. Anydiscrepancywasresolved by

discussion between the authors, until a consensuswas reached to

ensure that accurate data were obtained.

2.4. Outcome

The outcome measure was parasitological cured (defined as

above)at the endof the treatmentin at least two consecutive faecal

microscopic examination performed at the last follow-up.

2.5. Evaluation of study quality

The assessment of the internal validity of the clinical trials was

performed using the risk of bias tool of the Cochrane Coopera-

tion (Higgins et al., 2011), and the overall quality of the evidence

gathered was assessed by the GRADE guidelines (Balshem et al.,

2011). Thequality of parasitological diagnosticmethods was sepa-

rately assessed by the scoring systemutilised by Zaat et al., (1997)

and Solaymani-Mohammadi et al., (2010). This method evaluates

whether techniques are sufficiently described and adequate.

2.6. Analysis

Meta-analysis wasused to calculate thepooledestimatesof thetreatmentefficacy, comparing TNZvs ABZ. Weused the I 2 index to

estimate the proportion of total variability in point estimates that

could be attributed to between-trials heterogeneity, rather than

by a chance (Higgins et al., 2003). The relative risk (RR) was the

effect size to analyze with values >1meaning TNZ was better than

ABZ.Individualeffect sizeswere combinedby theMantel–Haenszel

methodusinga randomeffectsmodel and a predictive RR estimate

was obtained (Higgins et al., 2009).

Sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the consistency

of the overall findings on the magnitude of the effect when trials

were removed – one at the time – from the full analysis set. This

would also allow us to check the impact of excluding the trial that

utilised themostinsensitive parasitologicalmethods, i.e. direct fae-

cal microscopy with brine flotation technique employed (Chan delPinoetal., 1999). Thelattermethod,unlike theethersedimentation

methodusedin the rest of studies, is just a concentrationtechnique

for the diagnosis of intestinal helminth infections, not for intesti-

nalprotozoa(GarcíaandBruckner,1993).Asensitivityanalysiswas

also performedwiththe two articleswith follow-uplonger than 14

days (Chandel Pinoet al., 1999; Mendoza et al., 2003), considering

that faecal specimens – at least in endemic countries – should be

obtained during the first 12 days after completion of therapy (the

number of days needed for a Giardia infection to become patent)

( Jokipii and Jokipii, 1977).

Asmallstudybias analysiswasplannedonlyincasewe retrieved

an appropriate number of studies for themeta-analysis (about10).

All analyses were performed with the R package (R Core Team,

2014) using the meta library (Schwarzer, 2014).

Fig. 1. Flow chart of study selection.

3. Results

3.1. Study selection

The review process is shown in Fig. 1 and the selected papers

meeting the inclusion criteria are summarised it Table 1.

3.2. Study characteristics

Oursearchidentified5RCTswhichcomparedABZwithTNZ,rep-

resentinga total of 423 childrenwithGiardia infection included for

thecurrentreview (ChandelPinoetal., 1999;Mendoza et al., 2003;

Pengsaa et al., 1999, 2002; Escobedo et al., 2003). Trialswere pub-

lished between 1999 and 2003. One trial was conducted in Peru;

two were conducted in Thailand and the other two in Cuba, all

of them are countries where Giardia infection is endemic. At the

last follow-up visit, 220 and 203 children were evaluated for ABZ

and TNZ, respectively. All studies were open label trials with ran-

dom allocation of children to ABZ or TNZ. TNZ was prescribed at

a single 50mg/kg dose. However, the dosages of ABZ ranged from


4/8

Table 1

Characteristicsof the randomised controlled trials included in themeta-analysis.

Author, year (country) Study design No. of randomised participants Age (y) Sex(M/F) Disease

characteristics

Diagnostic test Antigiardi

regimens

(No. of

participan

Chan del Pino (1999)

(Peru)

Open-label, RCT

5 parallel arms

79 3–13 NS Symptomatica Directwet mount

and brineflotation

techniques

ABZ, 400m

days (17)

TNZ,50m

Pengsaa (1999)

(Thailand)

Open-label, RCT

2 parallel arms

131 3–15 71/73 Symptomatic and

asymptomatic

Directsmear in

0.9% salineand

ether

sedimentation

method

ABZ, 400m

days (68)

TNZ,50m

2g) s.d. (6

Pengsaa (2002)(Thailand)

Open-label, RCT3 parallel arms

84 7–15 NS Symptomatic Direct smears andiodine stained after

ether-

sedimentation

concentration

ABZ, 800m(26)

TNZ,50m

2g) s.d. (2

Mendoza (2003)

(Cuba)

Open-label, RCT

2 parallel arms

92 2–5 47/45 Symptomatic and

asymptomatic

Directwet mount

andafter formol

ether

sedimentation

ABZ, 400m

days (49)

TNZ,50m

2g) s.d. (4

Escobedo (2003)

(Cuba)

Open-label, RCT

3 parallel arms

165 2–15 58/57 Symptomatic Direct wet mount

andafter formol

ether

sedimentationtechniquemethods

ABZ, 400m

days (60)

TNZ,50m

2g) s.d. (5

a As childrenwere included after a screeningmaybe some of them could be asymptomatic.


5/8

124 A.A. Escobedo et al. / Acta Tropica 153 (2016) 120–127

Table 2

Parasitological quality of included studies.

Study Parasitological examination

Description Adequate Repeated Interobserver variation Totalb

Chan del Pino etal. (1999) 2 0 3 0 5

Pengsaa et al. (1999) 2 3 3 0 8

Pengsaa et al. (2002) 2 3 3 0 8

Mendoza et al. (2003) 2 3 3 0 8

Escobedo et al. (2003) 2 3 3 0 8

b Range0–15; 15 indicates optimal laboratory technique.

Fig. 2. Forestplot showing theeffects of albendazole and tinidazole in giardiasis in children.

800mg given as a single dose (Pengsaa et al., 2002) to 400mg/d

for 5 consecutive days (Chan del Pino et al., 1999; Mendoza et al.,

2003; Escobedo et al., 2003). In 2 studies, children included have

both symptomatic and asymptomatic Giardia infections (Pengsaa

et al., 1999; Mendoza et al., 2003); other 2 studies included only

symptomatic children (Pengsaa et al., 2002; Escobedo et al., 2003);

the other study also included symptomatic children; however,

according to thetest used to include childrenaftera parasitological

screening, it is possible that some children could be asymptomatic

(Chandel Pino et al., 1999). Follow-up periods ranged from7 to 21

days (ChandelPinoet al., 1999;Mendozaet al., 2003;Pengsaa et al.,

1999,2002;Escobedoet al.,2003). Lossoffollow-updidnotoccur in

3studies(Mendozaetal.,2003;Pengsaa etal.,2002;Escobedoet al.,

2003), whereas 2 studies reported withdrawals and/or dropouts

(Chan del Pino et al., 1999; Pengsaa et al., 1999) (Table 1).

3.3. Parasitological examination

In all studies, the absence of detectable Giardia trophozoites

and/or cysts in the faecalmicroscopy during the follow-up period

was required to declare the children cured. The mean score on our

parasitological quality index was 7.4 (range 5–8) out of a maxi-

mumof 15,indicating amodestquality (Table 2). Four trials scored

8 points, mainly due to the relatively great weight of the item

‘repeatedexaminationsat follow-up’. Inter-observer variation was

notdescribed inany trial.In 4 studies, thediagnosis of Giardia infec-

tion was based on direct faecal microscopy in combination with

etherconcentrationtechnique (Mendoza etal., 2003;Pengsaa etal.,

1999, 2002; Escobedo et al., 2003), and the remaining study (Chan

del Pino et al., 1999) used direct faecal microscopy in combina-

tion with brine flotation technique, which is not specific for the

diagnosis of intestinal protozoa.

3.4. Meta-analytical results

In all ABZ dosage subgroups, TNZ significantly outperformedABZ (see forest plot in Fig. 2). The overall RR estimate was 1.61

(95% CI: 1.40, 1.85) P


6/8

A.A. Escobedo et al. / Acta Tropica 153 (2016) 120–127 125

Table 3

Influential analysis (random effects model).

Study omitted [Ref.] RR 95% CI P value

Chan del Pinoet al. (1999) 1.65 [1.42; 1.91]


7/8

http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0220http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0220http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0220http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0220http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0220http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0220http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0220http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0220http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0220http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0220http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0220http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0220http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0220http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0220http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0220http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0220http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0220http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0220http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0220http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0220http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0215http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0215http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0215http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0215http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0215http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0215http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0215http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0215http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0215http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0215http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0215http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0215http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0215http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0215http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0215http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0215http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0210http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0210http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0210http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0210http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0210http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0210http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0210http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0210http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0210http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0210http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0210http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0210http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0210http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0210http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0210http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0210http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0210http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0210http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0210http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0210http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0210http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0205http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0205http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0205http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0205http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0205http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0205http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0205http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0205http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0205http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0205http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0205http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0205http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0205http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0205http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0205http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0205http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0205http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0205http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_7/dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2015.04.019http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_7/dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2015.04.019http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_7/dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2015.04.019http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_7/dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2015.04.019http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_7/dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2015.04.019http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_7/dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2015.04.019http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_7/dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2015.04.019http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_7/dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2015.04.019http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_7/dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2015.04.019http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_7/dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2015.04.019http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_7/dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2015.04.019http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0195http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0195http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0195http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0195http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0195http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0195http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0195http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0195http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0195http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0195http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0195http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0195http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0195http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0190http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0190http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0190http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0190http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0190http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0190http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0190http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0190http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0190http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0190http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0190http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0190http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0190http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0190http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0190http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0190http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0190http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0190http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0190http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0190http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0190http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0190http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0190http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0190http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0190http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0185http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0185http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0185http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0185http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0185http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0185http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0185http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0185http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0185http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0185http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0185http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0185http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0185http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0185http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0185http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0185http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0185http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0185http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0185http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0185http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0180http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0180http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0180http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0180http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0180http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0180http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0180http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0180http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0180http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0180http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0180http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0180http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0180http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0180http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0180http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0175http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0175http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0175http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0175http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0175http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0175http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0175http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0175http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0175http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0175http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0175http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0175http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0175http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0175http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0175http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0175http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0175http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0175http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0175http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0175http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0175http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0170http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0170http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0170http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0170http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0170http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0170http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0170http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0170http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0170http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0170http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0170http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0170http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0170http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0165http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0165http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0165http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0165http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0165http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0165http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0165http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0165http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0165http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0165http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0165http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0165http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0165http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0165http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0165http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0165http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0165http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0165http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0165http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0165http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0165http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0160http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0160http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0160http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0160http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0160http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0160http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0160http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0160http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0160http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0160http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0160http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0160http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0160http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0160http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0160http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0160http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0160http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0160http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0160http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0160http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0160http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0160http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0155http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0155http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0155http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0155http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0155http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0155http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0155http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0155http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0155http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0155http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0155http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0155http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0150http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0150http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0150http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0150http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0150http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0150http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0150http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0150http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0150http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0150http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0150http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0150http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0150http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0150http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0150http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0150http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0150http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0150http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0150http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0145http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0145http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0145http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0145http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0145http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0145http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0145http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0145http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0145http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0145http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0145http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0145http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0145http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0145http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0145http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0145http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0145http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0145http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0140http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0140http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0140http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0140http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0140http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0140http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0140http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0140http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0140http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0140http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0140http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0140http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0140http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0140http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0140http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0140http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0140http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0140http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0135http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0135http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0135http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0135http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0135http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0135http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0135http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0135http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0135http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0135http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0135http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0135http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0135http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0135http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0135http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0135http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0135http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0135http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0130http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0130http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0130http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0130http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0130http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0130http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0130http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0130http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0130http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0130http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0130http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0130http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0130http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0130http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0130http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0130http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0130http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0130http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0130http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0130http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0130http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0130http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0130http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0130http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0125http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0125http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0125http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0125http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0125http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0125http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0125http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0125http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0125http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0125http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0120http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0120http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0120http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0120http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0120http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0120http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0120http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0120http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0120http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0120http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0120http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0120http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0120http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0120http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0120http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0120http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0120http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0115http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0115http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0115http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0115http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0115http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0115http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0115http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0115http://www.cochrane-handbook.org/http://www.cochrane-handbook.org/http://www.cochrane-handbook.org/http://www.cochrane-handbook.org/http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0105http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0105http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0105http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0105http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0105http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0105http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0105http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0105http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0105http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0105http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0105http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0105http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0105http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0105http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0105http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0105http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0105http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0105http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0100http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0100http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0100http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0100http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0100http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0100http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0100http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0100http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0100http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0100http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0100http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0100http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0100http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0100http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0100http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0100http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0100http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0100http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0100http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0100http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0100http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0095http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0095http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0095http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0095http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0095http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0095http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0095http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0095http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0095http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0095http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0095http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0095http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0095http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0095http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0095http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0095http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0095http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0095http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0095http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0095http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0095http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0095http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0095http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0095http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0090http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0090http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0090http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0090http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0090http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0090http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0090http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0090http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0090http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0090http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0085http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0085http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0085http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0085http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0085http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0085http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0085http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0085http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0085http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0085http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0085http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0085http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0085http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0085http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0085http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0085http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0085http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0085http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0080http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0080http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0080http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0080http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0080http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0080http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0080http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0080http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0080http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0080http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0080http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0080http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0080http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0080http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0080http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0080http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0080http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0080http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0080http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0080http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0080http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0080http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0080http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0080http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0075http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0075http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0075http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0075http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0075http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0075http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0075http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0075http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0075http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0075http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0075http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0075http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0075http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0075http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0075http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0075http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0075http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0075http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0070http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0070http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0070http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0070http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0070http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0070http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0070http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0070http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0070http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0070http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0070http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0070http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0070http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0070http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0070http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0070http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0065http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0065http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0065http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0065http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0065http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0065http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0065http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0065http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0065http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0065http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0065http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0065http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0065http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0065http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0065http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0065http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0065http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0065http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0065http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0065http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0065http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0065http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0065http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0065http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0065http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0060http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0060http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0060http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0060http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0060http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0060http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0060http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0060http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0060http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0060http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0060http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0060http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0060http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0060http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0060http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0060http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0060http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0060http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0060http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0055http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0055http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0055http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0055http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0055http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0055http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0055http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0055http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0055http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0055http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0055http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0055http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0055http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0055http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0055http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0055http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0055http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0055http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0050http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0050http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0050http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0050http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0050http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0050http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0050http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0050http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0050http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0050http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0050http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0045http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0045http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0045http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0045http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0045http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0045http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0045http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0045http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0045http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0045http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0045http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0045http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0045http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0045http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0045http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0045http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0045http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0045http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0045http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0045http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0045http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0045http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0045http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0040http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0040http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0040http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0040http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0040http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0040http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0040http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0040http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0040http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0040http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0040http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0040http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0040http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0040http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0040http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0040http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0040http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0035http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0035http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0035http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0035http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0035http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0035http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0035http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0035http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0035http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0035http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0035http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0035http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0035http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0035http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0035http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0035http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0035http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0030http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0030http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0030http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0030http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0030http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0030http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0030http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0030http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0030http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0030http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0030http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0030http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0030http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0030http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0030http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0030http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0030http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0030http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0030http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0030http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0030http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0030http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0030http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0030http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0025http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0025http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0025http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0025http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0025http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0025http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0025http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0025http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0025http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0025http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0025http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0025http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0025http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0025http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0025http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0025http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0025http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0025http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0025http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0025http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0025http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0025http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0025http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0025http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0025http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0020http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0020http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0020http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0020http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0020http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0020http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0020http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0020http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0020http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0020http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0020http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0020http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0020http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0020http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0020http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0020http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0020http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0020http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0020http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0020http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0020http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0020http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0020http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0020http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0015http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0015http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0015http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0015http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0015http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0015http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0015http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0015http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0015http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0015http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0015http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0015http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0015http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0015http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0015http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0010http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0010http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0010http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0010http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0010http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0010http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0010http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0010http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0010http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0010http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0010http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0010http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0010http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0010http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0010http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0010http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0010http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0010http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0010http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0010http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0010http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0010http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0005http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0005http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0005http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0005http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0005http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0005http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0005http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0005http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0005http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0005http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0005http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0005http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0005http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0005http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0005http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0005http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0005http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0005http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0005http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0005http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0005http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0005http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0005http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.09.023http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.09.023http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.09.023http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.09.023http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.09.023http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.09.023http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.09.023http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.09.023http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.09.023http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.09.023http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.09.023


8/8

A.A. Escobedo et al. / Acta Tropica 153 (2016) 120–127 127

Pengsaa, K., Limkittikul,K., Pojjaroen-anant, C., Lapphra, K., Sirivichayakul, C.,Wisetsing, P., Nantha-aree, P., Chanthavanich, P., 2002. Single-dose therapy forgiardiasis in school-age children. SoutheastAsian J. Trop. Med. PublicHealth33, 711–717.

R Core Team., 2014, R: A language andenvironment forstatistical computing.Vienna, Austria: R Foundationfor Statistical Computing. Available from:http://www.R-project.org/ (accessed 06.01.15.).

Requena-Méndez, A., Goñi, P.,Lóbez, S., Oliveira, I.,Aldasoro, E.,Valls, M.E., Clavel,A., Gascón, J.,Muñoz, J.,2014. A family cluster of giardiasis with variabletreatmentresponses: refractory giardiasis in a family after a trip to India. Clin.Microbiol. Infect. 20, o135–o138.

Robertson, L.J., Hanevik, K., Escobedo,A.A.,Mørch, K., Langeland, N., 2010.Giardiasis—whydo thesymptomssometimes never stop? TrendsParasitol. 26,75–82.

Rowedder,A., Meier, R.,Wegmann,W.,Gyr, K., 1991. Combined oral andendoscopicmepacrine therapy in therapy-resistant symptomatic giardiasis.Schweiz. Med.Wochenschr. 121, 1383–1386.

Sabchareon, A., Chonsuphjaisiddhi, T., Attanath, P., 1980. Treatment of giardiasis inchildren with quinacrine, metronidazole, tinidazole and ornidazole. SoutheastAsian J. Trop. Med. Public Health 11, 280–284.

Saffar, M.J., Qaffari, J., Khalilian, A.R., Kosarian,M., 2005. Rapid reinfection byGiardia lamblia after treatmentin a hyperendemic area: thecase againsttreatment. East Mediterr.Health J. 11, 73–78.

Savioli, L., Smith,H., Thompson, A., 2006. Giardia and Cryptosporidium join the“NeglectedDiseases Initiative”. Trends Parasitol. 22, 203–208.

Schwarzer, G.,2014, Meta:Meta-Analysis with R. R packageversion 4, 0-2. http://CRAN.R-project.org/package=meta (accessed 06.01.15.).

Shepherd, R.W.,Boreham, P.F., 1989. Recentadvances in thediagnosisandmanagement of giardiasis. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 169 (Suppl), 60–64.

Solaymani-Mohammadi, S., Genkinger, J.M., Loffredo, C.A., Singer, S.M., 2010. Ameta-analysis of the effectiveness of albendazole comparedwithmetronidazole as treatments for infections withGiardia duodenalis. PLoSNegl.Trop. Dis. 4, e682.

Sullivan,P.S.,DuPont, H.L., Arafat, R.R., Selwyn, B.J., el Alamy,M.A., Zaki, A.M., 1989.Illness and reservoirs associatedwithGiardia lamblia infection in rural Egypt:the case againsttreatment in developing world environmentsof highendemicity. Am. J. Epidemiol. 127, 1272–1281.

Taylor, G.D.,Wenman,W.M., Tyrrell, D.L., 1987. Combinedmetronidazole andquinacrinehydrochloride therapy for chronic giardiasis. C.M.A.J. 136,1179–1180.

Tejman-Yarden, N.,Miyamoto, Y., Leitsch, D., Debnath, A., Gut, J.,McKerrow, J.H.,Reed, S.L., Eckmann, L., 2013. A reprofileddrug, auranofin,is effective againstmetronidazole-resistantGiardia lamblia. Antimicrob.Agents Chemother. 57,2029–2035.

Upcroft, J.A., Upcroft, P.,1993. Drug resistance andGiardia. Parasitol. Today 9,187–190.

Upcroft, P., 1998. Drug resistance in Giardia: clinical versus laboratory isolates.Drug Resist. Updates 1, 166–168.

Venkatesan, P., 1998. Albendazole. J. Antimicrob.Chemother. 41, 145–147.WHO, 2006. Preventive Chemotherapy in HumanHelminthiasis: Coordinated Use

of Anthelminthic Drugs in Control Interventions: A Manual forHealthProfessionals and ProgrammeManagers.World Health Organization, Geneva.

Yereli, K., Balcioglu, I.C., Ertan, P.,Limoncu, E., Onag, A., 2004. Albendazole as analternative therapeutic agent for childhood giardiasis in Turkey. Clin.Microbiol. Infect. 10, 527–529.

Zaat, J.O., Mank, T.G., Assendelft,W.J., 1997. Drugs for treating giardiasis. Trop.Med. Int. Health 2, 63–82.
http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0225http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0225http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0225http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0225http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0225http://www.r-project.org/http://www.r-project.org/http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0235http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0235http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0235http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0235http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0240http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0240http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0240http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0240http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0245http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0245http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0245http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0245http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0250http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0250http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0250http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0250http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0255http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0255http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0255http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0255http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0255http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0260http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0260http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0260http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0260http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0260http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0260http://cran.r-project.org/package=metahttp://cran.r-project.org/package=metahttp://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0270http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0270http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0270http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0275http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0275http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0275http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0275http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0275http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0275http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0275http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0285http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0285http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0285http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0285http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0290http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0290http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0290http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0290http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0290http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0290http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0295http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0295http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0295http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0295http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0295http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0300http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0300http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0300http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0300http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0300http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0300http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0305http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0305http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0310http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0310http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0310http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0310http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0315http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0315http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0315http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0315http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0320http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0320http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0320http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0320http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0320http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0320http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0320http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0320http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0320http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0320http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0320http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0320http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0320http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0320http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0315http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0315http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0315http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0315http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0315http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0315http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0315http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0315http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0315http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0315http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0315http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0315http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0315http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0315http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0315http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0315http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0315http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0315http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0310http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0310http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0310http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0310http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0310http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0310http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0310http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0310http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0310http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0310http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0310http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0310http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0310http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0310http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0310http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0310http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0310http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0310http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0310http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0310http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0310http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0310http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0310http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0310http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0310http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0305http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0305http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0305http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0305http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0305http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0305http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0305http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0305http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0300http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0300http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0300http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0300http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0300http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0300http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0300http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0300http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0300http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0300http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0300http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0300http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0300http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0300http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0300http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0300http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0295http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0295http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0295http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0295http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0295http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0295http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0295http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0295http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0295http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0295http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0290http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0290http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0290http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0290http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0290http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0290http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0290http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0290http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0290http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0290http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0290http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0290http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0290http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0290http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0290http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0290http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0290http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0285http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0285http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0285http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0285http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0285http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0285http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0285http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0285http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0285http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0285http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0285http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0285http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0285http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0285http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0280http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0275http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0275http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0275http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0275http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0275http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0275http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0275http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0275http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0275http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0275http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0275http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0275http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0275http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0275http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0275http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0275http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0275http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0275http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0275http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0275http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0275http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0275http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0275http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0275http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0270http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0270http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0270http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0270http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0270http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0270http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0270http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0270http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0270http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0270http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0270http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0270http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0270http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0270http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0270http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0270http://cran.r-project.org/package=metahttp://cran.r-project.org/package=metahttp://cran.r-project.org/package=metahttp://cran.r-project.org/package=metahttp://cran.r-project.org/package=metahttp://cran.r-project.org/package=metahttp://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0260http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0260http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0260http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0260http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0260http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0260http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0260http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0260http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0260http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0260http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0260http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0260http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0260http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0260http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0255http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0255http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0255http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0255http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0255http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0255http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0255http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0255http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0255http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0255http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0255http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0255http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0255http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0255http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0255http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0255http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0255http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0255http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0255http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0255http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0255http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0255http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0255http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0250http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0250http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0250http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0250http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0250http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0250http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0250http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0250http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0250http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0250http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0250http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0250http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0250http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0250http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0250http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0250http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0250http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0250http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0250http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0250http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0250http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0250http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0245http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0245http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0245http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0245http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0245http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0245http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0245http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0245http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0245http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0245http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0245http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0245http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0245http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0245http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0245http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0245http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0240http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0240http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0240http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0240http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0240http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0240http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0240http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0240http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0240http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0240http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0240http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0240http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0240http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0240http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0240http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0235http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0235http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0235http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0235http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0235http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0235http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0235http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0235http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0235http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0235http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0235http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0235http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0235http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0235http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0235http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0235http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0235http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0235http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0235http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0235http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0235http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0235http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0235http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0235http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0235http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0235http://www.r-project.org/http://www.r-project.org/http://www.r-project.org/http://www.r-project.org/http://www.r-project.org/http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0225http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0225http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0225http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0225http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0225http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0225http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0225http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0225http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0225http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0225http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0225http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0225http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0225http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0225http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0225http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0225http://refhub.elsevier.com/S0001-706X(15)30121-2/sbref0225

a meta-analysis of the efficacy of albendazole c

Documents