A Linked Knowledge Base forSimulation Learning

Irene Celino and Daniele Dell’Aglio

CEFRIEL, ICT Institute, Politecnico di Milano

http://swa.cefriel.it, http://iricelino.org

http://www.pandoraproject.eu

Linked Learning Workshop at ESWC 2011 – Heraklion, Greece – May 29th 2011

Simulation Learning

� Characteristics and aims� Improve Soft Skills, especially Decision-Making� Effective and Engaging Learning� Re-create a near-real environment

� Cheaper than on-the-field training� More effective than table-top training

� PANDORA project scenario: Crisis Management Training� Trainees are "Gold Commanders": strategic roles in the decision-

making process who monitor a crisis situation and takes decision to be dispatched to tactical agents ("Silver Commanders")

Linked Learning Workshop at ESWC 20112A Linked Knowledge Base for Simulation Learning

Knowledge in Simulation Learning� Requirements in terms of Knowledge Management

� Scenario descriptions� Events and stimuli for the trainees� Storyboards for the learning sessions� Multimedia assets� Supporting documents and guidelines� Trainees description and behaviour/decisions� Learning session monitoring

� Role of the Exercise Director (Trainer) in traditional SL� Define the exercise storyboard and ensure its planned execution� Feed information to the trainees and let them make informed decisions

� Inputs at pre-set intervals, regardless of the previous responses; or� By timing the inputs on the basis of the trainer judgment and experience

� Facilitate rather than orchestrate the exercise� Minimal trainer intervention to let trainees recognise and correct problems� Decide how much advice to trainees

Linked Learning Workshop at ESWC 20113A Linked Knowledge Base for Simulation Learning

The need for a smarter solution...

� An automated way to "play" the storyboard� Planning and Scheduling technology to support feeding the stimuli

to trainees

� A consistent way to interlink and maintain knowledge� Linked Data and Semantic Web technologies to model and

maintain the knowledge for the simulation storyboards and the training sessions recording

Linked Learning Workshop at ESWC 20114A Linked Knowledge Base for Simulation Learning

Simulation Learning Architecture

Linked Learning Workshop at ESWC 20115A Linked Knowledge Base for Simulation Learning

Simulation

Learning

Simulation Learning Environment

Behaviour

SENSING

Simulation

PLANNING

Learning

DELIVERY

Trainer

Trainees

Modelling

� Trainee profile� Registry data� Psychological data

� Before the training session (questionnaire)

� During the training session (self-assessment)

� Physiological data� Holter monitoring

(heartbeat)

� Asset modelling� Scenario description� Audio and video assets� NPC (Non-Player

Characters)

� (this part of the modelling is more similar to "usual" learning objects modelling)

Linked Learning Workshop at ESWC 20116A Linked Knowledge Base for Simulation Learning

Behaviour

SENSING

Learning

DELIVERY

Planning Knowledge

� Simulation Events � Different communication media (email, video news, phone calls, ...) � Trainees' Decisions

� Causality� Timeline-based Planning� "Synchronizations" (or Planning Rules)

� On the basis of a happened event, what other events can be triggered on what conditions and in which timeframe

Linked Learning Workshop at ESWC 20117A Linked Knowledge Base for Simulation Learning

Simulation

PLANNING

tpl:RuleTargettpl:PlanningRule

(Synchronization)tpl:RuleRelationtpl:hasTarget

tpl:hasValuetpl:hasPlanningRule

(isReferenceOf)

tpl:Event

tpl:hasRuleRelation

Provenance Tracking for Planning

� Completion and Inference rules of the OPM� Consistency checking of the

simulation modelling (at design time)

� Analysis of average trainee decisions to discover common behaviours (after learning sessions)

Linked Learning Workshop at ESWC 20118A Linked Knowledge Base for Simulation Learning

A1 Pused(R) A2wasGeneratedBy(R)

Ag

wasControlledBy(R)

Learning Session

Event or Decision Event or Decision

Trainees or NPC

A Linked Knowledge Base

Linked Learning Workshop at ESWC 20119A Linked Knowledge Base for Simulation Learning

Sim

ula

tio

n

Tra

inin

g G

UI

Tra

ine

r

GU

ISimulation

Planner

other system components

Web of Linked Data

Trainees

Trainer

Simulation Learning Environment

Knowledge Base

Some notes on the deployment

� Distinction between local ald global uner two perspectives: � Private vs. public (preserve confidentiality and privacy)� Commercial vs. non commercial (scenario description is a business

asset for learning organizations!)

Linked Learning Workshop at ESWC 201110A Linked Knowledge Base for Simulation Learning

Web of Linked Data

Pandora Environment

Local Installation 1

Pandora Box

Local

KB Global

KB

Pandora Environment

Local Installation 2

Pandora Box

Local

KB

LAN boundary LAN boundary

Lessons learned

� Knowledge technologies are crucial for simulation learning� Linked Data technologies can be exploited to

� Reuse and link to pre-existing knowledge� Share simulation modelling between different systems

� Semantic Web technologies are useful� "A little semantics goes a long way"� Some reasoning can be used for consistency checking (Open

Provenance Modelling)

Linked Learning Workshop at ESWC 201111A Linked Knowledge Base for Simulation Learning

Thanks for your attention! Any question?

A Linked Knowledge Base for Simulation LearningPaper Authors: Irene Celino, Daniele Dell'Aglio

Contact: Irene Celino – Semantic Web PracticeCEFRIEL – ICT Institute, Politecnico di Milanoemail: irene.celino@cefriel.it – web: http://swa.cefriel.it

personal website: http://iricelino.orgphone: +39-02-23954266 – fax: +39-02-23954466

slides available at: http://www.slideshare.net/iricelino

Linked Learning Workshop at ESWC 2011 – Heraklion, Greece – May 29th 2011