A Humanizing Pedagogy in support of the DDPA

Human Rights Council (IGWG on the DDPA)

Prof Andre KeetUniversities of Free State and Pretoria

October 2011

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April 22, 2023

The human? Meaning of HP Development of HP [Ex] changing pedagogies The nature of HP Practical Principles Conceptual Principles

April 22, 2023

What is the human? Where is the human?Humans are animals of culture/ active agents who create cultures

In systems that they create

Developments in biogenetics, biotechnology, bio-prospecting/

In structures that they develop to imprison them

Bioethics and the concept of ‘dignity’ vs personal autonomy

In Derrida’ text from where language speaks us (not us speaking it)

Technology In Foucault’ discourses ... As by products of discursive regimes

Human genome projects ... Reaffirming “race”

Becoming machine

Ethics ... “Reflections from a damage life”

Human consciousness follows production

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Meaning of ‘human’: French: ‘humain’ … of or belonging to ‘man’ Latin: ‘humanus’ … related to homo … ‘man’

humus "earth" … notion of "earthly beings”

Meaning of ‘ize’: Suffix forming verbs/ thus to ‘imbue with humaneness’

Pedagogy: “Art of teaching”

Humanizing Pedagogy: Art of teaching that is ‘imbued with and advances humaneness’ … a pedagogy that ‘cultivates humanity’ (Nussbaum)

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1950’s

1960

1960-1970

1970

1990Dominance of Behaviourist Pedagogies

Positivist Education Theory

Progressive Education Theories

Postcolonial/ poststructuralist ET

Fundamental pedagogics Critical Pedagogy Pedagogy of Hospitality Messianic Pedagogy Post-structural/

postcolonial pedagogies Pedagogy of discomfort Hopeful pedagogies Pedagogies of nostalgia Post-conflict pedagogies Humanizing pedagogies

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“Humanization is the ontological vocation of ‘man’”.

“A humanising pedagogy expresses the consciousness of the students”.

(Freire, 1970)

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“There is no learning or humanization without the act of mutual dialogue.

Yet for dialogue to be transformative it needs to be carried out in relations of love, mutual respect, and trust. If the capacity to dialogue offers an

alternative to the ‘‘banking concept’’ of education, it does so because it no longer reduces the oppressed human

being to the status of a thing or object”.

(Freire, 1970)April 22, 2023

A “humanizing pedagogy” is a pedagogy in which the whole person develops and they do so as their relationships with others evolve and enlarge. Hence the teacher and the teacher’s development become part of the equation. Humanizing pedagogy becomes a process of becoming for all parties.

(Price and Osborne, 2006)

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Courageously humane teaching – borne of a commitment not only to transfer specific and meaningful academic knowledge but to further the overall wellness of human beings – is needed by all students [and teachers].

(Michael Mwangaza, 2006)

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A humanizing, democratic education needs to emphasize the multiple possibilities of agency as well as the hope of living in a more emancipated

society.

A democratic education would seek to develop a process of learning that assisted public forms of

participation but also enabled students to produce new forms of democratic knowledge.

(Giroux, 2006)

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A humanizing pedagogy will point us toward a world that is more harmonious and more humane, less discriminatory,

and more just.

(Donaldo Macedo, 2006)

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Participatory,

Affective,

Problem-posing,

Situated,

Multicultural,

Dialogic,

De-socializing,

Democratic,

Researching,

Interdisciplinary, and;

Activist

The Pedagogic

al Encounter should be

Communicating expectations; Providing constructive feedback; Designing teaching methods that

consider:diverse learning styles,abilities,ways of knowing, andprevious experience and background

knowledge; Creating multiple ways for students to

demonstrate their knowledgeApril 22, 2023

PCS model of exclusion/ inclusion:

Personal/ psychological exclusion: thoughts, feelings, actions, prejudice, attitudes: etc.

Cultural exclusion through shared ways of seeing, thinking and doing … normative frames as the “totality of background meanings, norms, discourses, and practices” to “which the self orient itself”

Structural exclusion though networks of social divisions and social forces sewn into fabric of society

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Social justice …… generally refers to the idea of creating a society or institution that is based on the principles of equality and solidarity, that understands and

values human rights, and that recognizes the dignity of every

human being.April 22, 2023

Mutual Vulnerability Students must suspend their cultural default drive (that

critical minimum of ways, customs, manners, gestures and postures that facilitate uninhibited, unselfconscious action) in favour of that of the lecturer … this is the burdensome condition of critical self-consciousness. Some students are included (and advantaged) since they share the

cultural default drive of the lecturer/ institution Others are excluded … (and disadvantaged)

Through mutual vulnerability the burden of constant self-consciousness must be shared between lecturers and students and amongst students…to work against cultural arrogance and the normative frames of the dominant cultures

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Challenging Epistemic Injustice (Fricker, 2007)

EI refers to a wrong done to someone specifically in their capacity as a knower

One form of epistemic injustice is testimonial injustice which

occur…

when prejudice causes a hearer to give a deflated level of credibility to a speaker’s word (for example, you are less

believable as a speaker or writer when you are black).

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Curriculum as DiscourseRefers to the relationships between disciplines, curriculum,

courses, vocations and the professional, intellectual and institutional practices that create and maintain modes of

classification, control and containment that construct disciplinary and professional identities along social,

economic, cultural, racial and other fault-lines already resident in society.

Exclusion is already facilitated by the way in which curricula and disciplines are

organised!!April 22, 2023

Understanding Power and Privilege

Social practices, like education, are supported by power arrangements

Power refers to relations based on social, political and material asymmetries (structural and otherwise)… by which some are rewarded and others are sanctioned.

These asymmetries allow the workings of social systems to perpetuate privilege …/ and inequalities

April 22, 2023