Table 1 Correlation coefficient (r) from Pearson correlation analysis between cumulative salted fish consumption per capita (per kg) and age-standardized incidence and mortality rates in Hong Kong, 1978-2008. The cumulative salted fish consumption up to the specified time point was estimated by aggregating annual salted fish consumption per capita estimates in all years prior to that year up to 1978. . (a) Cumulative salted fish consumption per capita was estimated from FAO commodity statistics on fish, dried, salted or smoked. (b) Cumulative salted fish consumption per capita was estimated from Hong Kong trade statistics on dried fish, whether or not salted but not smoked.

Year of cumulative salted fish consumption per capita

Age-standardized incidence rate Age-standardized mortality rates

Male Female Male Female

0 0.897 0.909 0.874 0.904 5 0.919 0.883 0.953 0.916 10 0.927 0.886 0.952 0.925 15 0.962 0.929 0.940 0.914 20 0.937 0.913 0.937 0.874

All P<0.01

(a) FAO commodity statistics

Year of cumulative salted fish consumption per capita

Age-standardized incidence rate Age-standardized mortality rates

Male Female Male Female

0 0.789 0.797 0.723 0.719 5 0.841 0.839 0.835 0.762 10 0.860 0.837 0.880 0.796 15 0.936 0.924 0.933 0.851 20 0.874 0.863 0.929 0.799

(b) Hong Kong trade statistics

All P<0.01

Table 2 Correlation coefficient (r) from Pearson correlation analysis between cumulative cigarette consumption per capita (per stick) and age-standardized incidence and mortality rates in Hong Kong.

Year of cumulative cigarette consumption per capita

Age-standardized incidence rate

Age-standardized mortality rates

Male Female Male Female

0 0.749 0.773 0.721 0.783

5 0.746 0.669 0.747 0.651

10 0.712 0.657 0.772 0.766

15 0.820 0.759 0.860 0.900

20 0.953 0.916 0.888 0.923

All P<0.01

Table 3 Correlation coefficient (r) from Pearson correlation analysis between cumulative fresh vegetable consumption per capita (per kg) and age-standardized incidence and mortality rates in Hong Kong.

Year of cumulative fresh vegetable consumption per capita

Age-standardized incidence rate Age-standardized mortality rates

Male Female Male Female

0 -0.937 -0.939 -0.981 -0.961 5 -0.978 -0.974 -0.972 -0.954 10 -0.985 -0.966 -0.966 -0.914 15 -0.976 -0.958 -0.927 -0.856 20 -0.935 -0.906 -0.918 -0.829

All P<0.01

Table 4 Beta (β) regression coefficient from multivariate regression analysis of NPC age-standardized incidence and mortality rates on cumulative salted fish (per kg), cigarette (per stick) and fresh vegetable consumption (per kg). Cumulative salted fish consumption per capita was estimated from FAO commodity statistics on fish, dried, salted or smoked.

Cumulative Window(Years)

Independent Variable

Age-standardized incidence rate Age-standardized mortality rates

Male Female Male Female

0 Salted fish 3.015 1.217 -1.473 -0.264Smoking 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.001* Fresh vegetables -0.298* -0.135* -0.212* -0.072*

5 Salted fish -0.874 -0.469 0.520 0.313 Smoking 0.002* 0.0005 0.00007 0.0003 Fresh vegetables -0.083* -0.042* -0.024* -0.009*

10 Salted fish -0.146 -0.228 0.283 0.234Smoking 0.0001 0.0001 0.00004 -0.00008 Fresh vegetables -0.039* -0.021* -0.011* -0.002

15 Salted fish 1.556 0.757 0.193 0.513Smoking -0.001 -0.001 0.0001 -0.0003 Fresh vegetables -0.001 -0.002 -0.004 0.006

20 Salted fish -1.842 -0.365 1.152 0.165Smoking 0.002* 0.001 -0.001 0.0002 Fresh vegetables -0.036 -0.010 0.013 0.004

* Significant at 0.01 level

Usual Language

1991 1996 2001 2006

Number % of total Number % of total Number % of total Number % of total

Cantonese 4 583 322 88.7 5 196 240 88.7 5 726 972 89.2 6 030 960 90.8

Putonghua 57 577 1.1 65 892 1.1 55 410 0.9 60 859 0.9

Other Chinese Dialects 364 694 7.1 340 222 5.8 352 562 5.5 289 027 4.4

English 114 084 2.2 184 308 3.1 203 598 3.2 187 281 2.8

Others 49 232 1.0 73 879 1.3 79 197 1.2 72 217 1.1

Total 5 168 909 100.0 5 860 541 100.0 6 417 739 100.0 6 640 344 100.0

Table 1a Population in Hong Kong aged 5 and over by usual language, 1991, 1996, 2001 and 2006

Appendix

Table 1b Population by nationality in Hong Kong 1991, 1996, 2001 and 2006

Nationality1991 1996 2001 2006

Number % of total Number % of

total Number % of total Number % of

total Chinese

Place of domicile - Hong Kong 5 191 545 94.0 5 623 467 90.4 6 261 864 93.3 6 374 211 92.9 Place of domicile - other than Hong Kong 48 029 0.9 64 717 1.0 76 898 1.1 86 062 1.3

Filipino 64 658 1.2 120 730 1.9 143 662 2.1 115 349 1.7

Indonesian N.A. N.A. 22 057 0.4 54 629 0.8 110 576 1.6

British 68 502 1.2 175 395 2.8 25 418 0.4 24 990 0.4

Indian 14 329 0.3 20 955 0.3

16 481 0.2 17 782 0.3 Pakistani, Bangladeshi and Sri-Lankan 12 161 0.2 12 181 0.2

Thai 11 787 0.2 15 993 0.3 14 791 0.2 16 151 0.2

Nepalese N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 12 379 0.2 15 845 0.2 Japanese 10 850 0.2 19 010 0.3 14 715 0.2 13 887 0.2

American 18 383 0.3 28 946 0.5 14 379 0.2 13 608 0.2

Canadian 15 135 0.3 32 515 0.5 11 862 0.2 11 976 0.2 Others 79 063 1.4 93 771 1.5 49 150 0.7 51 728 0.8

Total 5 522 281 100.0 6 217 556 100.0 6 708 389 100.0 6 864 346 100.0

Calendar Year

Hong Kong China (other than

Hong Kong) Elsewhere Total

Number % of total Number % of

total Number % of total Number % of

total 1961 1 492 887 47.7 1 579 231 50.5 57 530 1.8 3 129 648 100.0

1971 2 218 910 56.4 1 637 840 41.6 79 880 2.0 3 936 630 100.0

1976 2 541 730 58.9 1 663 400 38.6 107 580 2.5 4 312 710 100.0

1981 2 854 482 57.2 1 973 976 39.6 158 102 3.2 4 986 560 100.0

1986 3 203 165 59.4 1 999 185 37.0 193 647 3.6 5 395 997 100.0

1991 3 299 597 59.8 1 967 508 35.6 255 176 4.6 5 522 281 100.0

1996 3 749 332 60.3 2 096 511 33.7 371 713 6.0 6 217 556 100.0

2001 4 004 894 59.7 2 263 571 33.7 439 924 6.6 6 708 389 100.0

2006 4 138 844 60.3 2 298 956 33.5 426 546 6.2 6 864 346 100.0

Table 1c Population by place of birth in Hong Kong 1961-2006