a decision making process that achieves the resolution of social conflicts between two or more...
TRANSCRIPT
Development of a Test of Child Social Problem Solving
Jessica BibbyDepartment of Psychology, Bangor University
Social Problem Solving (SPS)
A decision making process that achieves the resolution of social conflicts between two or more people in their natural environment (Shantz, 1987; D’Zurilla, Nezu & Maydeu-Olivares, 2004; D’Zurilla & Nezu, 1982).
Incorporates multiple components
The SPS Model (D’Zurilla & Goldfried, 1971)
-TWO main components: problem orientation, and problem solving skills -FOUR main steps
Importance of SPS skills
Protective factor and stress-buffer
Determine social ability; predict social adjustment and social competence
Preferred by peers, more empathetic, frustration tolerance
More focused; higher academic achievement
Less destructive behaviour in both school and home environments
Deficits found in children with behavioural and emotional problems
Long term: lesser stress in college, less likely to experience childhood and adulthood depression
Interventions to improve children’s SPS
Parent training
Teacher classroom management training
Child skills training
Personal and Social Education (PSE) One of seven areas in the Welsh school curriculum for pupils
aged between 3 and 19 years (Welsh Government, 2014)
Compulsory for ages 5 - 16 (Personal and Social Education, 2012)
Each school’s individual responsibility to ensure that all learners receive PSE to suit their particular needs (Department for Children, Education, Lifelong Learning and Skills, 2008)
IY Child Dinosaur Classroom Curriculum
Personal, Social and Health Education in England (PSHE; Department for Education, 2013).
The Wally Problem Solving Test
(Webster-Stratton, 1990)
• 15 problem situations (11 themes)
• Child asked to generate possible solutions
• Coded as positive, negative or neutral
• 59 pre-defined possible solutions
• 2 scores calculated:
-no. of different positive responses generated
-ratio of positive to negative responses
Wally Scenario Examples
Suppose you are lonely and want to play with other kids in the playground. What would you do?
Suppose this boy has been playing for a long, long time with a bike and you wanted to play with it. What would you do?
Suppose you want to meet a new kid who has just come into your neighborhood. What would you do?
Proposed MeasureApp based for iPads
4 illustrated hypothetical SPS situations
After each situation, child presented with solutions
These can be rated on a smiley face likert scale as:
-Yes, this would work
-This would work sometimes
-No, this would not work
Reoccurring Themes in MeasuresQuestions:
Joining Social Interaction
Object Acquisition
Avoiding adult anger
Avoiding child anger/ bullying
Scoring:
Flexibility/ alternate solutions
Quality
Example
Items to take into account
Unisex names
Distance the child from the situation
Minimal options
Development
Design test items
Illustrations
Design scoring method
Pilot
Refine tool
This is Zip. Zip needs your help!
Zip keeps having problems.Can you help?
You will be shown Zip’s problems and things that Zip could do to solve them. Please can you click on the a face to let Zip know whether to do each thing.
= This would work
= This would sometimes work
= This would not work
3) Bing is using all the paintbrushes and Zip wants to do some painting. How could Zip get a paintbrush?
Zip could just take a paintbrush off Bing
Zip could sit and wait for Bing to finish
Zip could ask Bing nicely for a paintbrush
Zip could tell Bing that it is selfish to use all the paintbrushes
Zip could ask the teacher if there is another paintbrush anywhere
