a comparison of varistors and diodes. special note: these comparisons hold whether comparing...
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![Page 1: A Comparison of Varistors and Diodes. Special Note: These comparisons hold whether comparing discrete chips (TransGuard vs. diode) or arrays (MultiGuard](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e695503460f94b664fa/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
A Comparison of Varistors and Diodes
![Page 2: A Comparison of Varistors and Diodes. Special Note: These comparisons hold whether comparing discrete chips (TransGuard vs. diode) or arrays (MultiGuard](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e695503460f94b664fa/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Special Note:These comparisons hold whether comparing discrete chips
(TransGuard vs. diode) or arrays (MultiGuard vs. diode)
Varistors and Diodes
![Page 3: A Comparison of Varistors and Diodes. Special Note: These comparisons hold whether comparing discrete chips (TransGuard vs. diode) or arrays (MultiGuard](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e695503460f94b664fa/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Summary of Advantages
• Varistors have many advantages over diodes. These include:– Reliability– High temperature performance– Board space consumption– Bipolarity– Turn On Time– Filtering characteristics
![Page 4: A Comparison of Varistors and Diodes. Special Note: These comparisons hold whether comparing discrete chips (TransGuard vs. diode) or arrays (MultiGuard](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e695503460f94b664fa/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Reliability
• Varistors survive many more ESD strikes than do diodes.
110
1001000
10000100000
0.047 0.06 0.073 0.1
SOT23 Unidirectional
SOT23 Bidirectional
Transguard
80000+
Energy
Pulses to Failure
![Page 5: A Comparison of Varistors and Diodes. Special Note: These comparisons hold whether comparing discrete chips (TransGuard vs. diode) or arrays (MultiGuard](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e695503460f94b664fa/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Reliability
• A very small 0402 varistor provides more strike protection than a large SOT-23 diodeSuppression Method # Strikes to failure
0402 TransGuard >10000
0603 TransGuard >80000
0805 TransGuard >80000
1206 TransGuard >80000
1210 TransGuard >80000
SOT 23 Diode 23 Unidirectional
678 Bi-directional
![Page 6: A Comparison of Varistors and Diodes. Special Note: These comparisons hold whether comparing discrete chips (TransGuard vs. diode) or arrays (MultiGuard](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e695503460f94b664fa/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
ReliabilityCurrent
The ceramic material is doped ZincOxide where every grain is a SchottkyDiode. The structure between the platesgives series/parallel diodes. The entirevolume dissipates energy.
![Page 7: A Comparison of Varistors and Diodes. Special Note: These comparisons hold whether comparing discrete chips (TransGuard vs. diode) or arrays (MultiGuard](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e695503460f94b664fa/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
High Temperature Performance
• Varistors maintain their energy handling capabilities at higher temperatures than diodes
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 50 100 150 200
Temperature [°C]
% o
f R
ated
Po
wer
Varistor
Diode
Better temperature performance
![Page 8: A Comparison of Varistors and Diodes. Special Note: These comparisons hold whether comparing discrete chips (TransGuard vs. diode) or arrays (MultiGuard](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e695503460f94b664fa/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Board Space Consumption
• Discrete varistors are much smaller than discrete diodes:
0.067” 0.112”
0.020” 0.120”
Total Area = Total Area = 0.00134 in2 0.01340 in2
0402 TransGuard SOT 23 Diode
Reduction of 90% in board space required!
![Page 9: A Comparison of Varistors and Diodes. Special Note: These comparisons hold whether comparing discrete chips (TransGuard vs. diode) or arrays (MultiGuard](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e695503460f94b664fa/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Board Space Consumption
• Varistor arrays consumer much less boards space than diode arrays
Reduction of 37% in board space required!
0508 MultiGuard
0.080”
0.067”
0.087”
0.098”
Total Area = 0.00536 in2
SOT363 Diode Array
Total Area = 0.00853 in2
![Page 10: A Comparison of Varistors and Diodes. Special Note: These comparisons hold whether comparing discrete chips (TransGuard vs. diode) or arrays (MultiGuard](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e695503460f94b664fa/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Board Space Consumption
• Varistor arrays consumer much less boards space than diode arrays
Reduction of >90% in board space required!
0.080”
0.067”
.197”
0.298”
0508 MultiGuard
Total Area = 0.0587 in2
SO-8 Bi-directional
Diode Array
Total Area = 0.00536 in2
![Page 11: A Comparison of Varistors and Diodes. Special Note: These comparisons hold whether comparing discrete chips (TransGuard vs. diode) or arrays (MultiGuard](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e695503460f94b664fa/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Bipolarity
• Diodes protect in only one polarity• Many of the diode array packages protect only in one
polarity– In order to protect in both polarities like the
varistors, the number of elements is cut in half!• A 4-element unipolar diode array is only a 2-
element bipolar diode array!
![Page 12: A Comparison of Varistors and Diodes. Special Note: These comparisons hold whether comparing discrete chips (TransGuard vs. diode) or arrays (MultiGuard](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e695503460f94b664fa/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Turn On Time
• The performance of an ESD protection device is measured by the amount of energy that the device allows to be passed to the circuit (or device) being protected.
• The key measure of a device’s ability to reduce the amount of energy passed is measured by the turn of time of the device.
• The turn on time of varistors is much less than the tune on time of a diode
![Page 13: A Comparison of Varistors and Diodes. Special Note: These comparisons hold whether comparing discrete chips (TransGuard vs. diode) or arrays (MultiGuard](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e695503460f94b664fa/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Turn On Time
Device Type Turn on Time (pS)
0402 TransGuard 417
0603 TransGuard 673
0805 TransGuard 756
1206 TransGuard 818
1210 TransGuard 798
SOT 23 Diode 1380
Sub-nanosecond turn on time
![Page 14: A Comparison of Varistors and Diodes. Special Note: These comparisons hold whether comparing discrete chips (TransGuard vs. diode) or arrays (MultiGuard](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e695503460f94b664fa/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Turn On Time
0
20
40
60
80
100
0.1 1 10 100
Time (ns)
% P
eak
Cu
rren
t
TransGuard Turn-on Time ~ 400psSilicon TVS Turn-on Time ~ 1200ps
ESD Waveform
Unprotected Energy passed to circuit by the Diode
![Page 15: A Comparison of Varistors and Diodes. Special Note: These comparisons hold whether comparing discrete chips (TransGuard vs. diode) or arrays (MultiGuard](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e695503460f94b664fa/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Filtering Characteristics
• Diodes have very low capacitance, so they do not have filtering characteristics.
• In fact, to achieve filtering and bipolar protection, 3 components must be used for the diode solution as compared to a single component for the varistor solution.
![Page 16: A Comparison of Varistors and Diodes. Special Note: These comparisons hold whether comparing discrete chips (TransGuard vs. diode) or arrays (MultiGuard](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e695503460f94b664fa/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Filtering Characteristics
• Again, varistors provide EMC filtering as seen in these S21 curves
• Varistors can be manufactured to filter at different frequencies while still providing transient protection
![Page 17: A Comparison of Varistors and Diodes. Special Note: These comparisons hold whether comparing discrete chips (TransGuard vs. diode) or arrays (MultiGuard](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e695503460f94b664fa/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Summary of Advantages
• Varistors have many advantages over diodes. These include:– Reliability– High temperature performance– Board space consumption– Bipolarity– Turn On Time– Filtering characteristics