a century of progress - nobel prize
TRANSCRIPT
A century of progressA century of progress
Dynamics of MatterDynamics of Matter in in TimeTime
with atomic-scale resolutionwith atomic-scale resolution
PhysicsChemistry Biology
Complexity
Van`t Hoff ( 1901 )Arrhenius ( 1903 )Ostwald ( 1909 )
Hinshelwood & Semenov ( 1956)Eigen & Norrish , Porter ( 1967 )
Herschbach , Lee & Polanyi ( 1986 )Marcus ( 1992 )
Townes & Basov , Prokhorov ( 1964 )
Seconds , Ensembles Rates & Mechanisms
Milli to PicosecondKinetics
FemtosecondDynamics
Atomic-ScaleFunction
AZ ( 1999 )
Trp18A7
A8A10
A9
Dynamics : Over A Century
Quantum MechanicsQuantum Mechanics
Classical MechanicsClassical Mechanics
CoherenceCoherence
The New FrontierThe New Frontier
Structures & DynamicsStructures & Dynamics in in bothboth Space Space and and TimeTime
Can it be achieved ?Can it be achieved ?
Why 4D ? Why 4D ?
Complex Energy LandscapesComplex Energy Landscapes
FESFES vsvs PES PES
Non-equilibrium StructuresNon-equilibrium StructuresWeak Forces :HI,EI,DI & HBWeak Forces :HI,EI,DI & HB
Structure , Dynamics , FunctionStructure , Dynamics , Function
Concept of UEDConcept of UED
Nature(London) 412, 279 (2001)
Science, 291, 458 (2001)
Diffraction Frame-Diffraction Frame-Reference MethodReference Method
1% change !!
_
Science, 291, 458 (2001)
Dark StructuresDark Structures
Science( 2005 )
Condensed Phase & BiologicalCondensed Phase & BiologicalOpportunities in the New FieldOpportunities in the New Field
ßß UEC & Structures ofUEC & Structures of CondensedCondensed PhasesPhases
ßß UEM & Molecular and Cell ImagingUEM & Molecular and Cell Imaging
ßß SURFACE REACTION DYNAMICSSURFACE REACTION DYNAMICSßß CRYSTALSCRYSTALSßß PHASE TRANSITIONSPHASE TRANSITIONSßß SELF-ASSEMBLYSELF-ASSEMBLYßß BIOLOGICAL STRUCTURESBIOLOGICAL STRUCTURES
(Experimental & Theoretical )
Paradigm case study : structural dynamics of GaAs (111)-Cl
Time & length Scales with Atomic ResolutionTime & length Scales with Atomic Resolution
Potential driven contractionPotential driven contraction fsfs to 1ps to 1ps - - 0.0150.015ÅÅ surface atoms surface atoms
Coherent to isotropic lattice expansionCoherent to isotropic lattice expansion psps to 7ps + 0.025 to 7ps + 0.025ÅÅ nm bulk nm bulk
Heat diffusion & re-structuringHeat diffusion & re-structuring 50ps to 1ns 50ps to 1ns + 0.0032 + 0.0032ÅÅ bulk bulk
Surface melting , phase transition & re-Surface melting , phase transition & re-structuring : high temperature (fluence)structuring : high temperature (fluence)
PNAS 101, 1123 (2004) Diffraction Frame Reference ( Si : -150 ps)
InterfacesInterfaces
Molecular Self-Assembly
Surface as a Template
Spatial & Temporal ResolutionsSpatial & Temporal Resolutions
Surface Temperature JumpSurface Temperature Jump
Structure:Structure: interface ordered interface orderedbulk disorderedbulk disordered
Dosing water at 120 K
Science (2004)
Bilayers – Structure & Dynamics
Theory : Heating Pulse Dynamics
4.7 Å
8.0 Å
Heating zone(1500 K)
Temperatureconstant(300 K)
fix
50 C20H42 molecules wereplaced on Si (111) surface.
x
z
x
y
Suzuki , Kubo , Shoji & Zewail
UEMUEMLaser/Amplifier
l/2
Glan-Thomson
Pockels Cell
SHG
OPA
Cathode
Condenser
Specimen
Objective
Focu
sing
and
Posit
ioni
ng Energy Filter
CCD
TEM
Delay
AHZ , Phil Tran R Soc ( 2004 )
PNAS ( 2005 )
35
Molecular ComplexityUED-1 / UED-2 UED-3
36
Macromolecular AssembliesUED-4
4D
Structures & DynamicsStructures & Dynamics in in bothboth Space Space and and Time !!!Time !!!
UED UEC UEMUED UEC UEM
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UED , UEC , UEMChuck Williamson
Marcos Dantus
Scott Kim
Hyotcherl Ihee
Jiaming Cao
Hans Frey
Udo Gomez
Chong-Yu Ruan
Boyd GoodsonFranco VigliottiShoujun Xu
Spencer BaskinJonathan FeenstraDmitry Shorokhov
Milo LinSangtae Kim
Jerry YangNuh Gedik
Scott HabershonMarco SeidelSongye Chen
Vladimir LobastovRamesh Srinivasan
Bill Anderson$ National Science FoundationAir Force