a calibration of spectral absorption line strengths to the magnesium and iron content

8/3/2019 A Calibration of Spectral Absorption Line Strengths to the Magnesium and Iron Content

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/a-calibration-of-spectral-absorption-line-strengths-to-the-magnesium-and-iron 1/22

Jmeb

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O Jokgn~ovgib ic Zxejv~ok Onzi~xvgib Kgbe Zv~ebdvmz vi vme Lodbezgul obf G~ib Jibvebv

ic êf Dgobv Zvo~z

E}ejuvgse Zullo~w

Gb ~ejebv fejofez+ lobw bet obf xite~cuk ozv~ibilgjok gbzv~ulebvz+ zujm oz vme MGÊZ

zxejv~id~oxm ov vme Aeja inze~sovi~w+ mose neeb jibzv~ujvef" Eseb zi+ vme fovo ojqug~ef c~il

vmeze gbzv~ulebvz job obf zmiukf zvgkk ne glx~isef vi gbj~eoze vmeg~ x~ejgzgib"

Vme zv~ebdvmz ic g~ib‗z obf lodbezgul‗z onzi~xvgib kgbez te~e gbgvgokkw leozu~ef nw

obokwpgbd mit co~ eojm ekelebv‗z onzi~xvgib kgbe fgxxef" Vmeze sokuez -jokkef equgsokebv tgfvm

sokuez' te~e vmeb jilxo~ef vi vme levokkgjgvw obf kulgbizgvw sokuez ic vme zvo~z" O lovmelovgjokequovgib+ ~ekovgbd vmeze vm~ee so~gonkez+ toz fe~gsef obf jokgn~ovef vi mgdm ~ezikuvgib fovo xigbvz"

Vme cgbok equovgibz job cojgkgvove ozv~ibilgjok ~ezeo~jm nw x~isgfgbd mgdme~ quokgvw fovo"

X~ejgze sokuez ci~ levokkgjgvw+ tmgjm gz o ~ovgi ic ekelebvok onubfobjez+ o~e ezxejgokkw

glxi~vobv" Zxejgcgj levokkgjgvgez zujm oz QCe)M\ job ne jilxo~ef vi vme lodbezgul vi g~ib

onubfobje ic o zvo~ gb i~fe~ vi fgzjise~ li~e oniuv gvz mgzvi~w" Nejouze vme QLd)Ce\ sokue

jmobdef cikkitgbd xe~gifz ic zuxe~bisoe e}xkizgibz+ vme esikuvgibo~w mgzvi~w ic o zvo~ gz

glx~gbvef tgvmgb gvz ekelebvok onubfobje" Gb xo~vgjuko~+ vmeze levokkgjgvw sokuez job ne oxxkgef vi

vme zvo~z ic vme Fto~c Zxme~igfok doko}gez+ tmgjm low mose xkowef o loì~ ~ike gb vme j~eovgib ic

vme Lgkaw Tow doko}w" Li~eise~+ vme ekelebvz vmov loae vme fgcce~ebv ozv~ibilgjok nifgez o~e

vme se~w zole ekelebvz vmov okkit kgce vi cubjvgib ib Eo~vm" Ukvglovekw+ ovvogbgbd li~e

gbci~lovgib oniuv vme i~gdgbz ic vme fgcce~ebv ozv~ibilgjok nifgez job ubjise~ zej~evz oniuv vme

ubgse~ze on~iof oz tekk oz vmize ov mile"



Jmeb

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ic ^ef Dgobv Zvo~z

Onzv~ojv

Ofsobjez gb ozv~ibilw job ne cojgkgvovef tgvm x~ejgze fovo1 mitese~+ zile ic vme

e}gzvgbd zxejv~o+ zujm oz vmize ci~ vme Fto~c Zxme~igfok doko}gez+ mose kite~ zgdbok vi bigze

~ovgiz jilxo~ef vi vme zxejv~o ic vme dkinuko~ jkuzve~z" Vmgz xoxe~ oglz vi jokgn~ove o quobvgvovgse

~ekovgibzmgx nevteeb vme kulgbizgvw+ levokkgjgvw+ obf ekelebvok equgsokebv tgfvmz vi mgdm

~ezikuvgib fovo c~il vme ^ef Dgobv zvo~z" Vme cgbok equovgib ojvz oz o x~i}w+ okkitgbd vme

fe~gsovgib ic vmeze ozv~ibilgjok sokuez c~il okve~bovgse ziu~jez-e"d" fe~gsgbd vme levokkgjgvw tgkkibkw ~equg~e vme kulgbizgvw obf equgsokebv tgfvm sokuez'+ lgvgdovgbd glx~ejgzgib gzzuez

ozzijgovef tgvm kit ~ezikuvgib fovo"? Gb vme ebf+ vti lovmelovgjok ~ekovgibzmgxz te~e j~eovef ci~

nivm lodbezgul obf g~ib"

tme~e gz vme obf gz vme equgsokebv tgfvm ic vme onzi~xvgib kgbe"

tme~e gz obf gz vme sokue ci~ vme equgsokebv tgfvm ic vme onzi~xvgib ceovu~e"

Vme cgbok jokgn~ovef equovgib ci~ lodbezgul ~eseokef o ~iiv leob zquo~ef e~~i~ -^LZE'

ic ?">8 fe} obf o zvobfo~f fesgovgib ic 8"?=? ci~ vme mgdm ~ezikuvgib QLd)M\ fovo obf o ^LZE ic ?"46 fe} obf o zvobfo~f fesgovgib ic 8"?7: ci~ vme lefgul ~ezikuvgib fovo" Li~eise~+ vme

ose~ode ^LZE nevteeb vme jokgn~ovef equovgib ci~ g~ib obf vme ojvuok QCe)M\ levokkgjgvgez toz

? Mgdm ~ezikuvgib febivez zxejv~o tgvm ^ 2?5+888+ tme~e ^< -Tosekebdvm ic Gbve~ezv') -Tgfvm ic vme ub~eziksef kgbe'"



Jmeb

:

?"?7 fe} tgvm ob ose~ode zvobfo~f fesgovgib ic 8">>6" Vme~e toz o jibzvobv icczev gb vme lefgul

~ezikuvgib lodbezgul levokkgjgvgez+ tmize fovo jole lizvkw c~il vme Fto~c Zxme~igfok zvo~z"

Fezxgve vmgz icczev+ vme kit zvobfo~f fesgovgib ic 8"?7: ci~ vmeze lefgul ~ezikuvgib xigbvz zvgkk

zgdbgcgez o x~ejgze cgbok equovgib" Bese~vmekezz+ cu~vme~ ti~a zmiukf gbsezvgdove vme jouze ic vmgz

fesgovgib" Vme jokgn~ovef equovgibz job ne oxxkgef vi zvo~z tgvm kit ~ezikuvgib fovo gb i~fe~ vi

cojgkgvove glxi~vobv ~ezeo~jm zujm oz e}v~ojvgbd zvo~ ci~lovgib mgzvi~gez"



Jmeb

6


ic ^ef Dgobv Zvo~z

Gbv~ifujvgib

Jkuez oniuv vme i~gdgbz ic vme Lgkaw Tow o~e glx~gbvef tgvmgb vme jmelgjok jilxizgvgibz

ic fto~c doko}gez obf dkinuko~ jkuzve~z+ tmgjm o~e febze jikkejvgibz ic zvo~z -~obdgbd c~il ?8

vmiuzobf vi ?8 lgkkgib zvo~z' niubf videvme~ nw vmeg~ luvuok d~osgvw" X~ejgze fovo gz vme~enw

bejezzo~w vi cojgkgvove zujm ~ezeo~jm obf fgzjise~ li~e oniuv vme ubgse~ze" Eseb tgvm vme ofsebv

ic ofsobjef zjgebvgcgj gbzv~ulebvz gb ~ejebv fejofez+ vme x~ejgzgib ic ju~~ebv ozv~ibilgjok fovo

job obf zmiukf zvgkk ne glx~isef" Vmgz xoxe~ oglz vi jokgn~ove o quobvgvovgse ~ekovgibzmgx nevteebvme S lodbgvufe+ levokkgjgvw+ obf ekelebvok equgsokebv tgfvm -ET' vi mgdm ~ezikuvgib fovo c~il

vme ~ef dgobv zvo~z ic vme Lgkaw Tow doko}w gb i~fe~ vi fesekix o levmif ci~ invogbgbd vmeze

zole sokuez ci~ zvo~z tgvm kite~ ~ezikuvgib fovo"> Levokkgjgvw gz vme x~ixi~vgib ic vme in`ejv‗z

jilxizgvgib vmov gbjkufez ekelebvz ivme~ vmob mwf~ideb obf mekgul+ vme S lodbgvufe gz o

leozu~e ic o zvo~‗z kulgbizgvw+ obf vme equgsokebv tgfvm gz o bule~gjok leozu~e ic vme zv~ebdvm ic

ob ekelebv‗z onzi~xvgib ceovu~e" Vmgz jokgn~ovef ~ekovgibzmgx job cojgkgvove obokwzgz ic dkinuko~

jkuzve~z+ fto~c zxme~igfok doko}gez -fZxmz'+ i~ obw ivme~ jikkejvgib ic zvo~z tgvm x~ixe~vgez

zglgko~ vi vmize ic vme Lgkaw Tow dkinuko~ jkuzve~z"

Vme ekelebvz lodbezgul obf g~ib te~e obokwpef ci~ zese~ok ~eozibz" Cg~zv+ vme

lodbezgul obf g~ib kgbez ov =3=7 Å obf ==84 Å ~ezxejvgsekw te~e zvufgef nejouze vmew o~e vme

be}v zv~ibdezv kgbez ocve~ vmize ic vme jokjgul v~gxkev -vme jokjgul onzi~xvgib kgbez ov =67= Å+

=56> Å+ obf =33> Å'+ cojgkgvovgbd x~ejgze equgsokebv tgfvm e}v~ojvgib" Zejibf+ vmeze ekelebvz o~e

oxxkgjonke vi ob e}xobzgse ~obde ic ozv~ibilgjok ~ezeo~jm" Gb xo~vgjuko~+ vme jokgn~ovef

> Gb vmgz xoxe~+ mgdm ~ezikuvgib febivez zxejv~o tgvm ~eziksgbd xite~ ^ 2?5+888+ tme~e ^<-Tosekebdvm ic Gbve~ezv') -Tgfvm ic vme ub~eziksef kgbe'"

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%85












Jmeb

5

leozu~elebvz job ne uzef oz zvo~ ci~lovgib gbfgjovi~z nw obokwpgbd vme lodbezgul vi g~ib ~ovgi

gb ~ekovgib vi vme QCe)M\ levokkgjgvw ci~ dkinuko~ jkuzve~z i~ vme Fto~c Zxme~igfok doko}gez" Vme

kovve~ low mose se~w tekk neeb ojvgse xkowe~z gb vme ci~lovgib ic vme Lgkaw Tow -Tmgve # êeze

?74=1 O~glivi+ Gauvo+ # @onkibao+ >886'"

Zvo~ Ci~lovgib Mgzvi~gez

Vme oci~elebvgibef ekelebvz+ lodbezgul obf g~ib+ job okzi cojgkgvove vme e}v~ojvgib ic

zvo~ ci~lovgib mgzvi~gez -ZCM' c~il dkinuko~ jkuzve~z obf fZxm doko}gez" Vme ekelebv i}wdeb gz

eèjvef nw Vwxe GG zuxe~bisoe tmgke g~ib gz j~eovef nw Vwxe Go obf Vwxe GG zuxe~bisoe" Vme cg~zv

zvo~ ci~lovgib nu~zv gb vme ubgse~ze gbsiksef x~glo~gkw Vwxe GG zuxe~bisoe+ obf gb vmgz gbgvgokesebv+ lovve~ tgvm mgdm kesekz ic QI)Ce\ toz eèjvef gbvi vme gbve~zvekko~ lefgul -GZL'"

Mitese~+ tmeb Vwxe Go zuxe~bisoe kove~ eèjvef o fgcce~ebv lg}vu~e ic ekelebvz gbvi vme GZL+

vmgz ekelebvok ~ovgi fej~eozef fue vi o ko~de~ g~ib onubfobje -Vgbzkew+ ?73='" Eseb vmiudm

Dgkli~e obf Twze -?778' e}olgbe zvo~ ci~lovgib gb ~ekovgib vi i}wdeb+ vme onise zequebje ic

esebvz job okzi ne oxxkgef vi lodbezgul"

Lodbezgul gz j~eovef gb o bujkeo~ cuzgib ~eojvgib jokkef vme Okxmo x~ijezz+ tme~egb vme

ekelebv i}wdeb gz nilno~fef vtgje jibzejuvgsekw nw ob okxmo xo~vgjke vi j~eove beib obf vmeb

lodbezgul" Nejouze vme onubfobje ic lodbezgul gz oxx~i}glovekw ji~~ekovef vi vmov ic i}wdeb+

Dgkli~e obf Twze‗z -?778' fezj~gxvgib ic vme zvo~ ci~lovgib x~ijezz job zglgko~kw ne v~ojaef

vm~iudm vme lodbezgul vi g~ib ~ovgiz" Cu~vme~li~e+ nejouze QCe)M\ gz oxx~i}glovekw vgle

fexebfebv+ tme~e QCe)M\ gbj~eozez ~iudmkw libivibgjokkw tgvm vgle+ obokwpgbd QLd)Ce\ gb

~ekovgib vi QCe)M\ okkitz ibe vi fgzje~b zvo~ ci~lovgib mgzvi~gez vm~iudm o jmelgjok esikuvgib

lifek" O jmelgjok esikuvgib lifek ~ekovgbd vme ~ekesobv ekelebvz+ g~ib obf lodbezgul+ tgkk

cojgkgvove vme ZCM jmo~ojve~gpovgib"



Jmeb

3

G~ib

Ov o jibzvobv g~ib onubfobje obf tgvm gbj~eozgbd S lodbgvufez+ vme zv~ebdvm ic g~ib

onzi~xvgib kgbez gb ~ef dgobvz fejkgbez" O cogbve~ ~ef dgobv gz mivve~+ v~obzkovgbd gbvi o teoae~ g~ib

onzi~xvgib kgbe -ozzulgbd o jibzvobv jilxizgvgib'" Tgvm o jibzvobv S lodbgvufe i~ velxe~ovu~e+

vme zv~ebdvmz ic vme onzi~xvgib kgbez gbj~eoze tgvm gbj~eozgbd g~ib onubfobje" Nw kiiagbd ov

v~ebfz gb vme osogkonke fovo+ vme ~ekovgibzmgxz nevteeb vme levokkgjgvgez+ equgsokebv tgfvmz ic vme

onzi~xvgib ceovu~ez+ obf S lodbgvufez job ne quobvgvovgsekw e}olgbef"

Lodbezgul

Vme lodbezgul onzi~xvgib kgbe toz obokwpef gb i~fe~ vi jokgn~ove o ~ekovgibzmgx nevteebvme equgsokebv tgfvm+ vme + obf vme QLd)M\ levokkgjgvw" Vme ju~~ebv zxejv~o ci~ Fto~c

Zxme~igfok doko}gez mose kite~ zgdbok vi bigze ~ovgiz vmob vmize ic dkinuko~ jkuzve~z" Nw

jokgn~ovgbd vme ~ekovgibzmgx nevteeb vme equgsokebv tgfvm ic vme lodbezgul onzi~xvgib kgbe+ vme S

lodbgvufe obf vme levokkgjgvw+ QLd)M\+ vi mgdme~ quokgvw zxejv~o+ vmgz zole ~ekovgibzmgx job ne

oxxkgef vi vme zxejv~o ic fZxm doko}gez vi ovvogb li~e x~ejgze levokkgjgvw sokuez+ cojgkgvovgbd ZCM

e}v~ojvgib"

Vmei~w obf Levmifz

Leozu~gbd vme Onzi~xvgib Ceovu~ez

Vme zxejv~o uzef gb vme ~ezeo~jm te~e j~eovef nw vme lefgul ~ezikuvgib Feex

E}v~odokojvgj Glodgbd Lukvg,In`ejv Zxejv~id~oxm -FEGLIZ' gbzv~ulebv c~il vme Aeja

Inze~sovi~w": Gb i~fe~ vi obokwpe vme zxejv~o+ Ezxej>+ o x~id~ol jifef gb vme Gbve~ojvgse Fovo

: Fu~gbd vme jiu~ze ic vme ~ezeo~jm+ vme FEGLIZ gbzv~ulebv toz biv uzef vi ojqug~e vme zxejv~ooz obokwzgz toz jibfujvef ib ok~eofw j~eovef zxejv~o" Ci~ li~e gbci~lovgib ib ojqug~gbd zxejv~okfovo+ di vi mvvx0))ttt>"aeja"motogg"efu)gbzv)fegliz) "

http://www2.keck.hawaii.edu/inst/deimos/





Jmeb

4

Kobduode -GFK'+ toz uzef vi invogb equgsokebv tgfvm leozu~elebvz" Vmgz x~id~ol gz joxonke ic

e}v~ojvgbd ETz tgvm vm~ee fgcce~ebv levmifz0 Ki~ebvpgob+ Bule~gjok+ obf Douzzgob" Vme

equgsokebv tgfvm gz dgseb nw

-Equovgib ?'

tme~e gz vme cku} gb vme onzi~xvgib kgbe obf gz vme cku} gb vme jibvgbuul" E}v~ojvgbd vme

equgsokebv tgfvmz toz xizzgnke nejouze g~ib obf lodbezgul onzi~xvgib ceovu~ez o~e ~ekovgsekw

zv~ibd+ loagbd vmel fgzvgbdugzmonke c~il vme ~ezv ic vme zxejv~ul" Zv~ibde~ kgbez mose kite~

bigze vi onzi~xvgib zv~ebdvm ~ovgiz+ tmgjm okkit vme x~id~ol vi vme cgv vme onzi~xvgib ceovu~ez

li~e x~ejgzekw" Vme vmei~evgjok zmoxe ic ob onzi~xvgib ceovu~e job ne cgv tgvm o Liccov cubjvgib+

tmgjm gz o jibsikuvgib ic o Douzzgob obf Ki~ebvpgob cubjvgib" Mitese~+ ci~ lodbezgul obf

g~ib+ ~eziksgbd vme Liccov zmoxe tiukf ~equg~e o zxejv~id~oxm tgvm vme ongkgvw vi invogb

e}v~elekw mgdm quokgvw zxejv~o obf ne e}xizef ib obw ibe zvo~ ci~ ob e}v~elekw kibd xe~gif ic

vgle" Gb cojv+ eseb Aeja I nze~sovi~w‗z mgdmezv ~ezikuvgib zxejv~id~oxm+ MG^EZ+ tmgjm moz o

~eziksgbd xite~ ic ux vi =6+888 -Sidv ?776'+ gz ubonke vi ~ezikse vme Liccov x~icgke ci~ vmeze

ekelebvz‗ onzi~xvgib ceovu~ez" Vme onzi~xvgib kgbez j~eovef nw vme lefgul ~ezikuvgib FEGLIZ

zxejv~id~oxm o~e ‛zleo~ef“+ tmgjm leobz vmov vme zliivmgbd cubjvgib vmov toz uzef ib vme

zxejv~ok fovo toz Douzzgob gb bovu~e1 vmuz+ vme kite~ vme ~ezikuvgib ic vme fovo+ vme li~e

Douzzgob vme ~ezukvgbd onzi~xvgib kgbe" Li~eise~+ vme lodbezgul obf g~ib onzi~xvgib kgbez

zvufgef te~e bo~~it jilxo~ef vi vme n~iofe~ jokjgul v~gxkev -vme jokjgul onzi~xvgib kgbez ov

=67= Å+ =56> Å+ obf =33> Å'+ tmgjm cu~vme~ ~ezukvef gb li~e Douzzgob onzi~xvgib ceovu~ez" Vme

ivme~ xizzgnke ixvgib toz bule~gjok cgvvgbd+ tmgjm jilxuvez vme vivok o~eo jise~ef nw vme

onzi~xvgib kgbe obf fe~gsez ob equgsokebv tgfvm sokue c~il vmgz leozu~elebv" Mitese~+ zujm o

cgvvgbd levmif tiukf mose neeb li~e zebzgvgse vi vme ~obfil ckujvuovgibz -Xigzzib bigze' tmeb









Jmeb

=

fe~gsgbd ob equgsokebv tgfvm leozu~elebv" Gb vme ebf+ o Douzzgob cubjvgib toz jmizeb vi cgv vme

onzi~xvgib ceovu~ez oz vme zxejv~ok fovo te~e jmo~ojve~gzvgjokkw Douzzgob obf vme ivme~ levmifz

te~e glx~ejgze"

Fu~gbd vme cgvvgbd x~ijezz+ vme zxejv~o tgvm zgdbok vi bigze ~ovgiz -Z)B' kite~ vmob ?8 xe~

xg}ek te~e fgzjo~fef" Ci~ e}olxke+ Cgdu~e ? fexgjvz o bigzw zxejv~ul cijuzef ib vme ==84 Å

lodbezgul kgbe vmov tiukf mose neeb ekglgbovef c~il vme fovo zev" Ib vme ivme~ mobf+ Cgdu~e >

fexgjvz o jkeob zxejv~ul vmov tiukf mose neeb aexv" Ekglgbovgbd bigzw zxejv~o tiukf biv zaet

vme ~ezukvz nejouze vme oliubv ic bigze fexebfz ib vme zvekko~ lodbgvufe+ tmgjm gz gbfexebfebv

ic g~ib i~ lodbezgul jibvebv" Vme ETz te~e leozu~ef ci~ ?6 fgcce~ebv dkinuko~ jkuzve~z obf ?8Fto~c Zxme~igfok doko}gez oj~izz o vivok ic 3> FEGLIZ zkgv lozaz"

Cgdu~e ?0 Vmgz zxejv~ul fexgjvz o bigzw ==84 Å lodbezgul onzi~xvgib kgbe" Fovo invogbef c~ilzxejv~o zujm oz vmgz te~e fgzjo~fef"







Jmeb

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Cgdu~e >0 Vmgz zxejv~ul fexgjvz vme zole ==84 Å lodbezgul onzi~xvgib kgbe oz gb vme x~esgiuzcgdu~e" Fovo invogbef c~il zxejv~o zujm oz vmgz te~e aexv oz vmgz zxejv~ul gz qugve jkeob"

Fovo

Zvo~z tgvm vii ko~de leozu~elebv ubje~vogbvgez te~e ekglgbovef" Vmize tgvm ‗z d~eove~ vmob 8 te~e voaeb iuv ic vme cgbok fovo zev" Li~eise~+ QLd)Ce\ obf QCe)M\

sokuez tgvm ubje~vogbvgez d~eove~ vmob 8": te~e okzi ekglgbovef" Vmgz fovo v~gllgbd gz eccejvgsekw

o juv ib vme zgdbok,vi,bigze ~ovgi ic vme zxejv~o" Zujm o juv fiez biv ngoz vme ~ezukvz ic vme

jokgn~ovgib+ oz vme~e gz bi zwzvelovgj ~ekovgibzmgx ~edo~fgbd vme zgpe ic vme ubje~vogbvw"

^ezukvz obf Fgzjuzzgib

G~ib

Vme~e o~e zese~ok xizzgnke cojvi~z vmov job gbckuebje vme zv~ebdvm ic ob ekelebv‗z

onzi~xvgib kgbe" Vme eccejvgse velxe~ovu~e ic vme zvo~ obf vme onubfobje ic vme ekelebv mose vme

ko~dezv eccejv ib vme kgbe zv~ebdvm -D~ow >885'" Gbgvgokkw+ vmeze vti so~gonkez te~e obokwpef

gbfexebfebv ic eojm ivme~+ leobgbd vme onzi~xvgib kgbe zv~ebdvm toz obokwpef gb ~ekovgib vi vme

eccejvgse velxe~ovu~e+ tgvmiuv ojjiubvgbd ci~ ekelebvok onubfobje" Nejouze vme QCe)M\





Jmeb

?8

levokkgjgvw ci~ o zvo~ gz jibzvobv oj~izz eojm dkinuko~ jkuzve~+ vme x~ijezz ic obokwpgbd eojm

so~gonkez‗z eccejv ib kgbe zv~ebdvm toz cojgkgvovef oz fovo obokwzgz jiukf vmeb ne jibfujvef

zexo~ovekw ib eojm dkinuko~ jkuzve~ tgvmiuv jibje~b ci~ o fgcce~ebvgok levokkgjgvw sokue"6 Vme

milidebiuz bovu~e ic vme QCe)M\ sokuez tgvmgb o dkinuko~ jkuzve~ gz vmei~evgjokkw nekgesef vi ne

fue vi vme ubgci~l ekelebvok jilxizgvgib ic vme jkiuf c~il tmgjm vme dkinuko~ jkuzve~ jole

c~il" Vme equgsokebv tgfvm leozu~elebvz te~e xkivvef odogbzv vme sokuez+ tmgjm

o~e vme fgzvobje,gbfexebfebv e}vgbjvgib,ji~~ejvef kulgbizgvgez ic zvo~z" Li~eise~+

-Equovgib >'

tme~e gz vme onzikuve e}vgbjvgib dgseb nw -Equovgib :'

tme~e gz vme gbve~zvekko~ ~effebgbd i~ jiki~ e}jezz" toz uzef oz o x~i}w

ci~ vme eccejvgse velxe~ovu~e fue vi vme x~ejgzgib ic gvz jilxibebv leozu~elebvz obf gvz

libivibgj so~gobje tgvm vme velxe~ovu~e+ okkitgbd gv vi ze~se oz ob ofequove ~exkojelebv"

Xikwbilgok cubjvgibz ic so~wgbd fed~eez te~e cgv vm~iudm vme xigbvz obf+ gb vme ebf+ o zejibf

fed~ee cubjvgib cgv vme fovo lizv x~ejgzekw tgvmiuv xivebvgok ise~ cgvvgbd jilxkgjovgibz" Ci~ eojm

gbfgsgfuok dkinuko~ jkuzve~+ o zejibf fed~ee xikwbilgok cubjvgib toz cgv vi vme g~ib kgbe zv~ebdvmz

sz" " Vme ~ezukvgbd d~oxm job ne zeeb gb Cgdu~e :"

QCe)M\ Jokgn~ovgib

O ~ekovgibzmgx nevteeb vme QCe)M\ levokkgjgvw+ vme equgsokebv tgfvm sokuez+ obf vme

toz fe~gsef c~il vme fovo" Cg~zv+ o zejibf fed~ee equovgib toz cgv ci~ vme g~ibequgsokebv tgfvm sz" d~oxm ci~ eojm ic vme dkinuko~ jkuzve~z" Vme jieccgjgebvz ic vme

6

tme~e obf o~e vme bulne~z ic eojm ekelebv‗z

ovilz gb o dgseb sikule" cikkitz vme zole zv~ujvu~e"



Jmeb

??

gbfgsgfuok cgv equovgibz te~e ose~odef obf vme ~ezukvgbd odd~edove equovgib gz zeeb gb Equovgib 6"

-Equovgib 6'

tme~e gz vme equgsokebv tgfvm ic g~ib+ gz + obf gz vme w gbve~jexv ic vme

cubjvgib" Vme zejibf fed~ee zkixgbd ic vme d~oxmz -oz leozu~ef nw vme jieccgjgebvz ci~ obf

ic Equovgib 6' zmiukf vmei~evgjokkw ne vme zole ci~ okk ic vme jkuzve~z" Equovgib 6 ~eseokz vmov vme

cg~zv jieccgjgebv gz jibzgzvebv tgvm 8+ tmgke vme zejibf jieccgjgebv moz ob ubje~vogbvw ic 6":" Oz

zujm+ gv toz gbgvgokkw ozzulef vmov vme ibkw fgcce~ebje nevteeb vme cgv equovgibz ic vme fgcce~ebv

dkinuko~ jkuzve~z te~e vme w gbve~jexv sokuez ci~ eojm jkuzve~" Vmgz ozzulxvgib gz x~iseb kove~ gb

vmgz zejvgib vi ne zvovgzvgjokkw sokgf nw jilxo~gbd vme vmei~evgjok QCe)M\ sokuez vi vme ojvuokQCe)M\ sokuez" Vme QCe)M\ levokkgjgvw toz cu~vme~ d~oxmef se~zuz vme w gbve~jexv sokuez+ obf

obivme~ zejibf fed~ee cubjvgib+ kijovef nekit+ toz cgv vm~iudm vme xigbvz"

-Equovgib 5'

tme~e gz vme zole w gbve~jexv zeeb gb Equovgib 6" Equovgib 5 obf Equovgib 6 te~e cu~vme~

jilngbef vi wgekf Equovgib =+ tmgjm ~ekovez okk vm~ee so~gonkez0 QCe)M\+ g~ib ET+ obf

"

-Equovgib 3'

tme~e febivez vme obf gz vme equgsokebv tgfvm ic vme onzi~xvgib kgbe"

Cgdu~e : ~eseokz vme e}xejvef bedovgse ji~~ekovgib nevteeb vmeze vti sokuez" Eseb vmiudm

zile ic vme jkuzve~z mose ko~de~ zx~eofz+ vmgz bedovgse ji~~ekovgib job zvgkk ne zeeb qugve

zwzvelovgjokkw gb okk ic vme dkinuko~ jkuzve~z" Vonke ? ~eseokz vmov vme g~ib jokgn~ovef equovgib ojvz

oz ob ofequove x~i}w oz vme ose~ode ^LZE obf zvobfo~f fesgovgib nevteeb vme jokjukovef QCe)M\

sokuez obf vme ojvuok QCe)M\ sokuez o~e ?"?7 obf 8">>6 ~ezxejvgsekw" Vme x~ejgzgib ic vme cgbok



Jmeb

?>

QCe)M\ equovgib cu~vme~ jibcg~lz vmov vme zejibf fed~ee cgvvgbd ic vme ET sz" fovo

-Equovgib 6' gz zvovgzvgjokkw ofequove"

Cgdu~e : fiez biv fgzxkow okk ?6 dkinuko~ jkuzve~z oz vme~e te~e egvme~ biv ebiudm xigbvz vi

jibfujv o zejibf fed~ee cgv i~ vme zx~eof gb vme xigbvz toz vii ko~de vi leobgbdcukkw cgv zujm o

cubjvgib" Li~eise~+ vme fovo ci~ vme Fto~c Zxme~igfok doko}gez te~e biv gbjkufef gb vme QCe)M\

jokgn~ovgib oz eojm doko}w fiez biv mose o jibzvobv levokkgjgvw+ tmgjm gz o x~e~equgzgve ci~ vmgz

levmif ic jokgn~ovgib" Mitese~+ Equovgib 3 job zvgkk ne oxxkgef vi fZxmz doko}gez fezxgve vmgz

jmo~ojve~gzvgj fgcce~ebje oz ibkw vme levmif ic jokgn~ovgib+ biv vme equovgib gvzekc+ ~equg~ez o

milidebiuz levokkgjgvw tgvmgb o jkuzve~"Dkinuko~ Jkuzve~ ^LZE-nevteeb Eq" 3 obf

QCe)M\ Ojvuok' Zvobfo~fFesgovgib-nevteeb Eq" 3

obf QCe)M\ Ojvuok' B>== 8">=7 8"?>3B?786 ?"85 8"?>8Bd5786 8"35: 8"?5=B3>85 8"375 8"?3=B3=:= 8":8? 8"8=>B484= :":7 8":35

B467> ?"?6 8":87B48=7n 8"4== 8"?46B>6?7 >"6? 8"5?6

Vonke ?0 Vme ^LZEz nevteeb Equovgib 3 obf vme ojvuok QCe)M\ sokuez te~e jokjukovef" Vmeose~ode ^LZE gz ?"?7 obf vme ose~ode zvobfo~f fesgovgib gz 8">>6"



Jmeb

?:

Cgdu~e :0 Vmgz d~oxm fexgjvz g~ib equgsokebv tgfvm sz"

" O zejibf fed~ee xikwbilgok

cubjvgib gz okzi cgv vm~iudm eojm dkinuko~ jkuzve~‗z xigbvz" Vme dkinuko~ jkuzve~z kijovef gb vmgzcgdu~e o~e BDJ 467>+ L?:+ L5+ BDJ >6?7+ BDJ >==+ L47+ L>+ obf L?5" Biv okk ic vmedkinuko~ jkuzve~z obokwpef o~e kijovef gb vmgz cgdu~e oz -o' vme~e te~e biv ebiudm xigbvz vi cgv ozejibf fed~ee cubjvgib i~ -n' vme ET zx~eof toz vii ko~de+ gbfgjovgbd x~inkelz tgvm vme quokgvwic vme zxejv~o" Ubbovu~ok agbaz gb vme d~oxmz job ne ovv~gnuvef vi lgbi~ d~oxmgjz ~ebfe~gbd gzzuez+tmgjm mose bi eccejv ib vme x~ejgzgib ic vme cgbok jokgn~ovef QCe)M\ equovgib"



Jmeb

?6

Lodbezgul

Tme~eoz QCe)M\ gz jibzvobv ci~ vme zvo~z gb eojm dkinuko~ jkuzve~+ vmgz gz biv vme joze ci~

vme lodbezgul onubfobje" Vme~eci~e+ o fgcce~ebv oxx~iojm toz bejezzo~w vi obokwpe vme bovu~e

ic vme lodbezgul onzi~xvgib ceovu~ez" + vme ET sokuez ci~ lodbezgul+ obf vme

QLd)M\ levokkgjgvw sokuez te~e obokwpef videvme~ gbzveof ic zexo~ovekw nw d~oxmgbd vmeze sokuez

gb vm~ee fglebzgibz" O vti fglebzgibok zu~coje toz cgv vm~iudm vme xigbvz vi e}olgbe vme

~ekovgibzmgx nevteeb vmeze vm~ee so~gonkez"

O cubjvgib gb GFK jokkef Zcgv cojgkgvovef vmgz x~ijezz" Vme cubjvgib cgvz o > fglebzgibok

xkobo~ equovgib" -Equovgib 3'

tme~e gz vme jieccgjgebv ic vme vm obf vm } obf w so~gonkez+ gz obf gz vme

equgsokebv tgfvm leozu~elebv+ tgvm nivm vi vmeg~ ~ezxejvgse vm obf vm xite~z"

Fu~gbd vme cgvvgbd x~ijezz+ xivebvgokkw ise~ cgvvgbd vme fovo toz ob gzzue+ zi jo~ecuk zvexz

te~e voaeb vi x~esebv uzgbd ob equovgib tgvm vii mgdm ic o fed~ee+ tmgjm job cojvi~ gb lgbi~

ckujvuovgibz gb vme fovo jouzef nw bigze gbzveof ic o xivebvgok ubfe~kwgbd ~ekovgibzmgx" Gb i~fe~ vi

x~esebv vmgz x~inkel+ vme lo} fed~ee ixvgib ic vme cubjvgib toz okzi zev zi vmov jiukf ne bi

mgdme~ vmob vme uze~ gbxuvvef fed~ee+ kglgvgbd vme bulne~ ic xo~oleve~z gb vme ~ezukvgbd cgv

equovgib vi ?8"

Vme ~ezukvgbd fe~gsef equovgib gz kijovef nekit"

-Equovgib 4'

tme~e gz obf gz vme sokue ci~ vme equgsokebv tgfvm ic vme onzi~xvgib ceovu~e"

Vme X~ejgzgib ic vme Fovo



Jmeb

?5

Cgdu~e :+ Cgdu~e 5+ Cgdu~e 3+ obf Cgdu~e 4 ~eseok so~wgbd fed~eez ic fovo zx~eof" Xigzzib

bigze obf ixe~ovi~ e~~i~ o~e o jiuxke ziu~jez ic ~obfil fovo ckujvuovgib" Vme cg~zv ojjiubvz ci~

lujm ic vme glx~ejgzgib obf gv gz jouzef nw vme gbme~ebv kglgvovgibz gb xmivib jiubvgbd zvovgzvgjz"

Gb ivme~ ti~fz+ zxejv~ok e}v~ojvgib gz gbme~ebvkw glx~ejgze gb vmov fovo luzv jile c~il o kglgvef

bulne~ ic xmivibz" Ixe~ovi~ e~~i~ ~ece~z vi mulob e~~i~ gb leozu~gbd vme equgsokebv tgfvmz"

Nejouze zile ic vme ETz te~e leozu~ef nw vme ixe~ovi~ glxizgbd tosekebdvm niubfo~gez -vme

ixe~ovi~ sgzuokkw zekejvz o lgbglul obf lo}glul niubf ib vme zxejv~ul gb i~fe~ vi leozu~e

vme equgsokebv tgfvm nevteeb vme niubfz'+ vmgz vwxe ic e~~i~ low okzi ojjiubv ci~ lujm ic vme

fovo ckujvuovgib"

5

Vme g~ib onzi~xvgib kgbe ov ==85 Å+ tmgjm jiukf jibvolgbove obf zaet vme ==84 Å

lodbezgul kgbe+ gz obivme~ xivebvgok ziu~je ic e~~i~" Vmgz xmebilebib job ne zeeb gb Cgdu~e 6"

Vme g~ib kgbe job ne zeeb xo~vgokkw lekfgbd tgvm vme ko~de~ lodbezgul onzi~xvgib kgbe" Mitese~+

vmgz eccejv gz biv zgdbgcgjobv oz vme jibvolgbovgib gz kgaekw vi ne kezz vmob ?8%+ tmgjm v~obzkovez

gbvi ob e~~i~ ic oniuv 8"? ib vme QLd)Ce\ ~obde -jibse~zovgib tgvm Ag~nw >8?8'" Li~eise~+

nejouze vmgz lekfgbd zwzvelovgjokkw occejvz okk ic vme ET leozu~elebvz+ vme eccejv ic vme

jibvolgbovgib job ne cu~vme~ lgvgdovef oz gv fiez biv x~ece~ebvgokkw gbckuebje je~vogb zxejv~o"

5 Vi jko~gcw+ vme lo`i~gvw ic vme ETz te~e leozu~ef nw vme x~id~ol okdi~gvml glxizgbdtosekebdvm niubfo~gez" Mitese~+ gc vme x~id~ol cogkef+ vmeb vme ixe~ovi~ mof vi ~ejvgcw vmezgvuovgib nw sgzuokkw jo~~wgbd iuv vmgz x~ijezz"








Jmeb

?3

Cgdu~e 60 Vme Ld ==84 Å onzi~xvgib ceovu~e gz jibvolgbovef nw vme ==85 Å g~ib onzi~xvgibceovu~e"

Lodbezgul

Vi esokuove vme x~ejgzgib ic vme ~ezukvgbd zu~coje equovgib ci~ lodbezgul+ o d~oxm toz

j~eovef ic vme QLd)M\ levokkgjgvw sokuez c~il vme cgv equovgib sz" vme ojvuok QLd)M\ sokuez ci~

vme mgdm ~ezikuvgib zvo~z"3 Vmeze vti fovo zevz te~e d~oxmef odogbzv eojm ivme~ obf o ?0? kgbe toz

ise~kogf oj~izz vme xigbvz" Vme xigbvz te~e okzi jiki~ jifef nw dkinuko~ jkuzve~ vi e}olgbetmevme~ vme~e toz obw zwzvelovgj fesgovgib fue vi o xo~vgjuko~ dkinuko~ jkuzve~" Vmgz d~oxm job

ne zeeb gb Cgdu~e 5"

Gb Cgdu~e 5+ vme~e gz o ko~de~ zx~eof o~iubf ,?":1 mitese~+ vmgz one~~ovgib gz biv jouzef nw

o xo~vgjuko~ dkinuko~ jkuzve~ x~ece~ebvgokkw dgsgbd o mgdme~ i~ kite~ sokue ic QLd)M\ oz vme~e gz o

~obfil zx~eof gb vme jiki~ oj~izz vme ?0? kgbe+ febivgbd o bib zwzvelovgj zx~eof gb vme dkinuko~

jkuzve~z‗ levokkgjgvw sokuez" Vme QLd)M\ sokuez c~il vme cgv equovgib te~e vmeb d~oxmef odogbzv

vme ojvuok QLd)M\ sokuez ci~ vme lefgul ~ezikuvgib zvo~z vi cu~vme~ ebzu~e vme zu~coje equovgib‗z

3 Fue vi vme kido~gvmlgj bovu~e ic levokkgjgvw obf nejouze QLd)M\ levokkgjgvw sokuez te~e bivfg~ejvkw kijovef gb vme fovo+ QLd)M\ sokuez te~e ojqug~ef nw offgbd videvme~ QCe)M\ obf QLd)Ce\sokuez"







Jmeb

?4

x~ejgzgib1 vmgz d~oxm gz zeeb gb Cgdu~e 3" Ci~ vmgz zejibf d~oxm+ vme~e gz o jibzvobv icczev ic vme

xigbvz c~il vme ?0? kgbe" Vme lo`i~gvw ic vme lefgul ~ezikuvgib xigbvz okzi jole c~il vme Fto~c

Zxme~igfok doko}gez+ zi vme icczev job x~inonkw ne ovv~gnuvef vi o ubgque jmo~ojve~gzvgj ic fZxmz

vmov job jouze o zwzvelovgj QLd)M\ fesgovgib" Mitese~+ vme e}ojv ubfe~kwgbd jouze gz ubabitb+

obf cu~vme~ ~ezeo~jm zmiukf gbsezvgdove vmgz xmebilebib" Cgbokkw+ o vm~ee fglebzgibok d~oxm toz

j~eovef ic vme fe~gsef QLd)M\ levokkgjgvw c~il vme cgv equovgib sz" vme lodbezgul equgsokebv

tgfvm sz" vme " Cgdu~e 4 gz vme zgfe sget ic vmgz d~oxm"

Cgdu~e 50 Vme QLd)M\ Cgv sz" QLd)M\ Ojvuok d~oxm ci~ vme mgdm ~ezikuvgib fovo gz xkivvef obf o?0? kgbe gz ise~kogf oj~izz vme xigbvz" Vme xigbvz o~e cu~vme~ jiki~ jifef nw jkuzve~" Bibe ic vmejkuzve~z x~ece~ebvgokkw dgse mgdme~ i~ kite~ QLd)M\ sokuez oz vme~e gz o ~obfil zx~eof gb vmejiki~ oj~izz vme kgbe+ febivgbd o bib zwzvelovgj zx~eof gb vme dkinuko~ jkuzve~z‗ levokkgjgvwsokuez"



Jmeb

?=

Cgdu~e 30 QLd)M\ sokuez c~il vme cgv equovgib o~e xkivvef odogbzv vme ojvuok QLd)M\ sokuez ci~ vmelefgul ~ezikuvgib fZxm zvo~z" Vme~e gz o jibzvobv fovo icczev c~il vme ?0? kgbe"

Cgdu~e 40 Vmgz gz vme d~oxm ic sz" Lodbezgul Equgsokebv Tgfvm sz" QLd)M\ tgvm vmeixojgvw zev vi 8"5" Vme cogbve~ nkue xigbvz ~ex~ezebv xigbvz nemgbf vme xkobe ic vme d~oxm tmgke vmefo~ae~ nkue xigbvz ~ex~ezebv xigbvz gb c~ibv ic vme xkobe" Vme~e o~e >: xigbvz nekit vme xkobe obf>8 xigbvz onise -onise obf nekit ~ece~ vi jmobdez okibd vme QLd)M\ o}gz'+ felibzv~ovgbd o~ekovgsekw equok fgzv~gnuvgib oj~izz vme xkobe"



Jmeb

?7

Cu~vme~ e~~i~ obokwzgz toz jibfujvef nw cgbfgbd vme ~iiv leob zquo~ef e~~i~ obf zvobfo~f

fesgovgib" Vme cgbok jokgn~ovef equovgib ci~ lodbezgul moz o ^LZE ic ?">8 obf o zvobfo~f

fesgovgib ic 8"?=? ci~ vme mgdm ~ezikuvgib QLd)M\ fovo obf o ^LZE ic ?"46 obf o zvobfo~ffesgovgib ic 8"?7: ci~ vme lefgul ~ezikuvgib fovo" Li~eise~+ vme ose~ode ^LZE nevteeb vme

fe~gsef QCe)M\ levokkgjgvw sokuez c~il vme cgv equovgib obf vme ojvuok QCe)M\ levokkgjgvgez gz ?"?7

tgvm ob ose~ode zvobfo~f fesgovgib ic 8">>6" Eseb tgvm vme oci~elebvgibef icczev gb vme QLd)M\

levokkgjgvw fovo ci~ vme lefgul ~ezikuvgib xigbvz+ vme kit zvobfo~f fesgovgib ic 8"?7: zvgkk

zgdbgcgez o x~ejgze cgbok equovgib" Bese~vmekezz+ cu~vme~ gbsezvgdovgib zmiukf ne jibfujvef vi

fgzje~b vme jouze ic vmgz icczev" Li~eise~+ vme sgzuokkw oxxo~ebv zx~eof ov ,?": ci~ vme mgdm

~ezikuvgib QLd)M\ fovo gb Cgdu~e 5 gz biv o zvovgzvgjokkw zgdbgcgjobv x~inkel oz vme zvobfo~f

fesgovgib gz zvgkk 8"?=?"

Jibjkuzgib obf Cuvu~e Ti~a

Gb vmgz xoxe~+ lodbezgul obf g~ib equgsokebv tgfvmz te~e lovmelovgjokkw obokwpef gb

~ekovgib vi vme obf vme levokkgjgvw" Vme ~ekovgibzmgxz te~e cu~vme~ jokgn~ovef vi vme

osogkonke mgdm quokgvw fovo xigbvz gb i~fe~ vi ci~lukove ob equovgib vmov job ne oxxkgef vi ivme~

jkuzve~z obf doko}gez" Vme gbse~ze ~ekovgibzmgx nevteeb vme equgsokebv tgfvm ic g~ib obf vme

kulgbizgvw jibcg~lef ezvonkgzmef abitkefde+ obf o zejibf fed~ee cubjvgib x~ifujef o zvobfo~f

fesgovgib ic 8">>6 obf ^LZE ic ?"?7 ci~ vme cgbok jokgn~ovef equovgib"

Vme ongkgvw vi fe~gse bule~gjok fovo c~il okve~bovgse ziu~jez gz j~ujgok gb ozv~ibilw i~

obw zjgebje" Gb vme cgekf+ mgdm ebiudm quokgvw zxejv~o obf fovo fi biv e}gzv ci~ ese~w dkinuko~

jkuzve~ obf doko}w+ tmgjm glxefez x~id~ezz gb vme cgekf obf zkitz cu~vme~ fgzjise~gez oniuv vme

ubgse~ze" O jokgn~ovef lovmelovgjok equovgib okkitz ci~ fovo se~gcgjovgib oz tekk oz o x~i}w



Jmeb

>8

levmif vi ojjezz li~e x~ejgze fovo+ tmgjm gbj~eozez vme jibcgfebje kesek ic ~ezukvz obf

jibjkuzgibz"

Ibe xo~vgjuko~ oxxkgjovgib ic vme jokgn~ovef equovgibz gz fe~gsgbd zvo~ ci~lovgib mgzvi~gez+

tmgjm bejezzgvovez x~ejgze QLd)Ce\ obf QCe)M\ sokuez vi j~eove jmelgjok esikuvgib lifekz" Vme

Fto~c Zxme~igfok doko}gez o~e ezxejgokkw benukiuz gb vmov vme ju~~ebv fovo ci~ vmeze doko}gez o~e

ic kite~ x~ejgzgib vmob vmize ic dkinuko~ jkuzve~z" Vme jokgn~ovef ~ekovgibzmgxz ci~ lodbezgul

obf g~ib job ne oxxkgef vi vmeze doko}gez gb i~fe~ vi fgzjise~ li~e oniuv vmeg~ i~gdgb obf bovu~e

ic vmeg~ j~eovgib" Vme ekelebvz vmov loae vme fgcce~ebv ozv~ibilgjok nifgez o~e vme se~w zole

ekelebvz vmov okkit kgce vi cubjvgib ib Eo~vm" Ukvglovekw+ invogbgbd li~e gbci~lovgib oniuv vmei~gdgbz ic vme fgcce~ebv ozv~ibilgjok nifgez job ubjise~ zej~evz oniuv vme ubgse~ze"

Cuvu~e Ti~a

Cuvu~e ti~a zmiukf jibzgfe~ gbsezvgdovgbd vme jouze ic vme jibzvobv icczev gb vme lefgul

~ezikuvgib QLd)M\ fovo" Eseb vmiudm+ zvovgzvgjokkw+ vmgz icczev zmiukf biv mose o zgdbgcgjobv eccejv

ib vme cgbok jokgn~ovef equovgib+ oz esgfebjef nw vme kit zvobfo~f fesgovgib ic 8"?7:+ vmgz

xmebilebib gz xo~vgjuko~kw gbve~ezvgbd gb vmov vmeze xigbvz o~e logbkw jilxizef ic Fto~c

Zxme~igfok doko}w zvo~z+ biv vmize ic dkinuko~ jkuzve~z" Cgbfgbd vme ubfe~kwgbd jouze ic vmgz icczev

job xivebvgokkw ~eseok aew fgcce~ebjez gb vme jilxizgvgib obf ovv~gnuvez ic vmeze vti vwxez ic

ozv~ok ebvgvgez"

Li~eise~+ vme jokgn~ovef ~ekovgibzmgxz job ne oxxkgef vi vme Fto~c Zxme~igfok doko}gez i~

dkinuko~ jkuzve~z vi e}v~ojv zvo~ ci~lovgib mgzvi~gez" Obokwpgbd vme ci~le~ job xivebvgokkw ~eseok

vme x~ijezzez vmov ijju~~ef fu~gbd vme ng~vm ic vme Lgkaw Tow doko}w -Tmgve # ^eeze+ ?74=1

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a calibration of spectral absorption line strengths to the magnesium and iron content

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