8.628 11 · feudalism, caste system, position of women, educationand educational...
TRANSCRIPT
( i )
By
Dr. Mani Bhushan Mishra
Upkar Prakashan, Agra-2
( ii )
© Publishers
Publishers
UPKAR PRAKASHAN2/11A, Swadeshi Bima Nagar, AGRA–282 002Phone : 4053333, 2530966, 2531101Fax : (0562) 4053330, 4031570E-mail : [email protected] : www.upkar.in
Branch Offices4845, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, 1-8-1/B, R.R. Complex (Near Sundaraiah Park,New Delhi–110 002 Adjacent to Manasa Enclave Gate),Phone : 011–23251844/66 Bagh Lingampally, Hyderabad–500 044 (A.P.)
Phone : 040–66753330
� The publishers have taken all possible precautions in publishing this book, yet if any mistake hascrept in, the publishers shall not be responsible for the same.
� This book or any part thereof may not be reproduced in any form by Photographic, Mechanical,or any other method, for any use, without written permission from the Publishers.
� Only the courts at Agra shall have the jurisdiction for any legal dispute.
ISBN : 978-93-5013-323-1
Price : ̀ 390.00(Rs. Three Hundred Ninety Only)
Code No. 1773
Printed at : UPKAR PRAKASHAN (Printing Unit) Bye-pass, AGRA
(An ISO 9001 : 2000 Company)
First Edition : 2012
( iii )
Contents●●●●● Solved Papers
Section–1
Ancient India ..................................................................................................................................... 3–180
Pre-Historical Periods .......................................................................................................................... 3
Indus Valley Civilisation (2350-1750 BC) .......................................................................................... 4
The Vedic Age (1500-600 BC) : Advent of the Aryans ................................................................... 8
Rigvedic Age (1500-1000 BC) ............................................................................................................. 8
Later Vedic Age (1000-600 BC) ........................................................................................................... 10
Vedic Literature ..................................................................................................................................... 12
Jainism and Buddhism ......................................................................................................................... 14
The Age of Mahajanpadas (650-325 BC) .......................................................................................... 18
Maurya Period ...................................................................................................................................... 19
Other Regional Kingdoms .................................................................................................................. 22
The Sangam Age .................................................................................................................................. 23
Post-Maurya or Pre-Gupta Period ..................................................................................................... 23
Gupta Period ......................................................................................................................................... 25
Harsha and His Times .......................................................................................................................... 28
Post-Gupta Period ................................................................................................................................ 28
Literature ............................................................................................................................................... 32
● Multiple Choice Questions ........................................................................................................... 33
Section–2
Medieval India ......................................................................................................................................181–265
The Delhi Sultanate (1206-1526 AD) ................................................................................................. 181
Khilji Dynasty (1290-1320) .................................................................................................................. 182
Tughlaq Dynasty (1320-1412) ............................................................................................................ 183
Sayyid Dynasty (1414-1451) ............................................................................................................... 185
Lodhi Dynasty (1451-1526) ................................................................................................................. 185
Polity and Administration during the Sultanate Period ................................................................. 185
The Great Mughals .............................................................................................................................. 186
( iv )
Other Regional Kingdoms .................................................................................................................. 189
Later Mughals (1707-1857) ................................................................................................................. 195
● Multiple Choice Questions ........................................................................................................... 196
Section–3
Modern India ...................................................................................................................................... 266–304
Rise of Autonomous States ................................................................................................................ 266
Advent of the Europeans ................................................................................................................... 268
British Conquest of India ................................................................................................................... 269
Revolt of 1857 ....................................................................................................................................... 270
Major Uprisings Before 1857 .............................................................................................................. 272
The Years After the Revolt ................................................................................................................. 273
The Early Nationalists (1885-1905) .................................................................................................... 274
Rise and Growth of Militant Nationalism ......................................................................................... 275
Emergence of Gandhi / Non-Cooperation Movement .................................................................... 278
Swaraj Party / Civil Disobedience ...................................................................................................... 279
Revolutionary Terrorism of the Second Phase ................................................................................ 283
The Years 1935-39 ................................................................................................................................. 285
India and World War II / Quit India Movement ............................................................................... 286
Post World War II / Achievement of Freedom ................................................................................. 287
Growth of Communalism ..................................................................................................................... 289
Growth of Indian Press ........................................................................................................................ 289
Miscellaneous ...................................................................................................................................... 291
Governor Generals and Viceroys ....................................................................................................... 292
Constitutional Developments in India .............................................................................................. 297
Important Committees / Commissions .............................................................................................. 298
Social and Cultural Awakening .......................................................................................................... 298
Congress Sessions from 1885-1950 ................................................................................................... 299
Socio-Religious Reform Movements ................................................................................................ 301
Legislations for Social Reforms .......................................................................................................... 302
Movements for Women’s Emancipation ........................................................................................... 302
The Islamic Reform Movements ........................................................................................................ 303
Lower Caste Movements .................................................................................................................... 303
Legislations for the Development of Education .............................................................................. 304
( v )
Section–4
Art and Culture ................................................................................................................................. 305–310
Language and Literature ..................................................................................................................... 305
Section–5
Religion ............................................................................................................................................... 311–326
Hinduism ................................................................................................................................................ 311
Sikhism ................................................................................................................................................... 313
Islam ....................................................................................................................................................... 314
Christianity, Judaism and Zoroastrianism ......................................................................................... 315
Indian Architecture .............................................................................................................................. 315
Indian Dance ......................................................................................................................................... 317
Indian Painting ...................................................................................................................................... 320
Indian Drama / Theatre ........................................................................................................................ 324
Indian Cinema ....................................................................................................................................... 325
Indian Society ....................................................................................................................................... 326
● Multiple Choice Questions ........................................................................................................... 327
Section–6
World History ....................................................................................................................................... 468-480
● Multiple Choice Questions ........................................................................................................... 472
Section–7
Research in History .............................................................................................................................. 481-507
● Multiple Choice Questions ........................................................................................................... 497
Previous Years Questions ....................................................................................................................... 508–628
● Ancient India .................................................................................................................................... 508
● Medieval India .................................................................................................................................. 543
● Modern India .................................................................................................................................... 593
( vi )
Syllabus
PAPER–II
1. CONCEPTS, IDEAS AND TERMS
BharatvarshaSabha and SamitiVarnasramaPurusharthasRinaSamskarasYajnaDoctrine of KarmaDandaniti/ArthasastraSaptangaDhanavijayaStupa/ChaityaNagara/Dravida/VesaraBodhisattva/TrithankaraAlvars/NayanarsSreniChauthHundi (Bill of Exchange)SarrafPolygarsJagirDasturMansab (Rank)DeshmukhNaduParganaBengal VaishnavismAlt MaghaShahna-i-MandiMercantilismEconomic NationalismIndian RenaissanceEconomic DrainColonialism
ParamountcyKara/VishtiStridhanaMemorial stories
AgraharasKhilafatSulh-i-kulMaharashtra-dharma
Turkan-i-ChaldghaniWatanBalutaIqta
JizyahMadad-i-maashAmaramRaya-Rekho
JangamaDyarchyFederalismUtilitarianism
Flitration TheoryForward Policy
Doctrine of Lapse
Satyagraha
Swadeshi
Revivalism
Communalism
Orientalism
De-industrialisation
Subsidiary Alliance
Evangelicalism
Bhudan
Panchsheel
Mixed Economy
Indian left
Hindi Code Bill
( vii )
2. ANCIENT INDIAN HISTORY
Sources
Archaeological Sources
Exploration, excavation epigraphy, numismatics,monuments.
Literary Sources
Indigenous : Primary and Secondary—Problemsof dating, myths, legends, poetry, scientificliterature, literature in regional languages,religious literature.Foreign accounts Greek, Chinese and Arabwriters.
Pre-history and Proto-history
Man and Environment—geographical factors,Hunting and gathering (Paleolithic andMesolithic); Beginning of agriculture (Neolithicand Chalcolithic).Indus Valley Civilization-origin, date, extent,characteristics. decline, surviva1 and significance.Iron age; Second urbanisation
Vedic Period
Migration and settlements; dating the Vedic,literary and archaeological evidences, evoluationof social and political institutions; religious andphilosophical ideas, rituals and practices.
Period of Mahajanapadas
Formation of States (Mahajanapadas); Republicsand Monarchies; rise of urban centres; traderoutes; economic growth; introduction ofcoinage; spread of Jainism and Buddhism; riseof Magadha and Nandas, Iranian andMacedonian invasions and heir impact.
Mauryan Empire
Foundation of the Mauryan Empire,Chandragupta, Kautilya and Arthashastra;Ashoka Concept of Dhrama; Edicts: Brahrni andKharosthi scripts.Administration; economy; architecture andsculpture : external contacts, disintegration ofthe empire; Sungas and Kanvas.
Post-Mauryan Period (Indo-Greeks, Sakas,Kushana, Western Kshatrapas)
Contact with outside world; growth of urbancentres, economy, coinage, development ofreligions, Mahayana, social conditions, art andarchitecture, literature and science.
Early state and society-in Eastern India, Deccanand South India
Kharavela, The Satavahanas, Tamil States of theSangam Age, Administration; economy, landgrants, coinage, trade guilds and urban centres,Buddhist centres, Sangam literature and culture;art and architecture.
Imperial Guptas and Regional States of India
Guptas and Vakataks, Harsha, Administration,economic conditions, coinage of the Guptas,land grants, decline of urban centres, Indainfeudalism, caste system, position of women,educationand educational institutions-Nalanda,Vikramshila and Vallabhi, contact withneighbouring countries—Central Asia, SouthEast Asia and China, Sanskrit literature, scientificliterature, art and architecture.The Kadambas, Gangas, Pallavas and Chalukyasof Badami— Administration, trade guilds,Sanskrit literature and growth of regionallanguages and scripts; growth of Vaishnava andSaiva religions, Tamil Bhakti Movement,Shankaracharya—Vedanta; Institutions oftemple and temple architecture.Varmanas of Kamrup; Palas and Senas,Rashtrakutas, Prathiharas, Kalachuri-Chedis;Paramaras; Chalukyas of Gujarat; Arabcontacts—-Ghaznavi Conquest Alberuni.The Chalukyas of Kalyana, Cholas, Chera,Hoysalas, Pandyas—Administration and localGovernment, growth of art and architecture,religious sects, Institution of temple andMathas, Agraharas, education and literature,economy and society, contact with Sri Lankaand South–East Asia.
( viii )
3. MEDIEVAL INDIAN HISTORY
Sources
Archaeological, epigraphic and numismaticmaterials and monuments.Chronicles.Litearary sources—Persian, Sanksrit andRegional languages.Archival materials.Foreign travellers accounts.
Political Developments
The Sultanate—the Ghorids, the Turks, theKhaljis. the Tughluqs, the Sayyids and theLodis.Foundation of the Mughal Empire—Babur,Humayun and the Suris; expansion from Akbarto Aurangzeb.Decline of the Mughal empire—political,administrative and economic c uses.Later Mughals and disintegration of the Mughalempire. The Vijayanagara and the Bahmanis—rise, expansion and disintegration. The Marathamovement, the foundation of Swaraj by Shivaji;its expansion under the Peshwas; MarathaConfederacy—causes of decline.
Administration
Administration under the Sultanate—civil,judicial, revenue, fiscal and militarySher Shah’s administrative reforms; Mughaladministration—land revenue and other sourcesincome; Mansabdari and Jagirdari.Administrative system in the Deccan—theVijayanagara the Bahmanis and the Marathas
Economic Aspects
Agricultural production—village economy;peasantry urban centres and population.
Industries—cotton textiles, handicrafts, agro-based industries, organisation, karkhanas,technology.Trade and commerce—State policies, internaland external trade; European trade, trade centresand ports, transport and communication.
Financing trade, commerce and industries;Hundi (Bills of Exchange) and insurance.Currency.
Socio-religious Movements
The Sufis—their orders, beliefs and practices,the leading Sufi saints.Bhakti cult—Shaivism and its branches:Vaishnavism and its branches.The Saints of the medieval period—north andsouth—their impact on socio-political andreligious life.The Sikh movement—Guru Nanak Dev and histeaching and practices—Adi Granth; the Khalsa.
Society
Classification—ruling class, major religiousgroups, the mercantile and professional classes.Rural society—petty chieftains, village officials,cultivators and Position of Women.
Cultural Life
System of Educational and its motivations.Literature—Persian, Sanksrit and Regionallanguages.Fine Arts—major schools of painting; music.Architectural developments of the North andSouth India; Indo-Islamic architecture.
4. MODERN INDIAN HISTORY
Sources and Historiography
Archival materials, biographies and memories,newspapers.Oral evidence, creative literature and painting.Concerns in Modern Indian Historiography—Imperialist, Nationalist, Marxist and Subaltern.
Rise of British PowerEuropean traders in India in the 17th and 18thcenturies—Portuguese, Dutch, French and theBritish.The establishment and expansion of Britishdominion in Indlia.British relations with and subjugation of theprincipal Indian Powers–Bengal, Oudh,Hyderabad, Mysore, Marathas and the Sikhs.
( ix )
Administration of the Company and Crown
Evolution of central and provincial structureunder the East India Compay 1773–1853Paramountacy, Civil Service, Judiciary, Policeand the Army under the Company and Crown.Local Self-GovernmentConstitutional changes, 1909–1935
Economic History
Changing composition, volume and direction oftrade; ‘The Tribute’.Expansion and commercialisation of agriculture,land rights, land settlements, rural indebtedness,landless laboursDecline of industries—changing socio-economicconditions of artisans; De-urbanisation.British industrial Policy; major modernindustries; nature of factory legislation : labourand trade union movements.Monetary policy; banking, currency andexchange, Rail ways and Road Transport.Growth of new urban centres; new features oftown planning and architecture.Famines and epidemics and the governmentpolicy.Economic Thought—English utilitarians; Indianeconomic historians; the Drain theory.
Indian Society in Transition
Contact with Christianity—the Missions:critique of Indian social and economic practicesand religious beliefs; educational and otheractivities.The New Education—government policy;levels and contents; English language; modernscience; Indian initiatives in education.Raja Ram Mohan Roy; socio-religious reforms;emergence of middle class; caste associationsand caste mobility.Women’s Question—Nationalist Discourse:Women’s Organisations; British legislationconcerning women; Constitutional position.The Printing Press—journalistic activity and thepublic opinion.Modernisation of Indian languages and literaryforms—reorientation in painting, music andperforming arts.
National Movement
Rise of Indian nationalism, social and economicbases of nationalism.Revolt of 1857 and different social classes.Tribal and Peasant movements.Ideologies and programmes of the IndianNational Congress, 1885- 1920.Trends and Swadeshi movement.Ideologies and programmes of Indianrevolutionaries in India and abroad.Gandhian Mass Movements.Ideology and Programmes of the Justice Party.Left Wing Politics.Movement of the Depressed classes.Communal politics and genesis of Pakistan.Towards Independence of Partition.
India after Independence (1947–1964)
Rehabilitation after Partition.Integration of the Indian States; The KashmirQuestion.The making of the Indian Constitution.The structure of Bureaucracy and the Police.The demographic trends.Economic policies and the planning process.Linguistic reorganisation of States.Foreign Policy initiatives
World History : Concepts, Ideas and Terms
Pre-history,Burial Practices,Humanism,Enlightened Despotism,Mother-Goddess,Law codes,Athenian Democracy,Imperial Rome,Slavery,Aristocracy,Confucianism,Manorial system,Black Death,Feudalism,Non-alignment,Parliamentary Democracy,
UGC NET/JRF/SET History Facts At AGlance (Paper-II And III)
Publisher : Upkar Prakashan ISBN : 9789350133231Author : Mani BhushanMishra
Type the URL : http://www.kopykitab.com/product/8915
Get this eBook
30%OFF