8th Grade Science 10/28/2014 • Essential Question: How does

carbon dioxide emission affect global warming?

• Objectives – I can…• explain what the green house

effect is and how it causes global warming

• Bell Ringer – Take out your bell ringer paper for week 11. Copy the prompt down and answer it in a complete sentence.

• Write at least three questions about the diagram/picture.

Agenda for today:

1. Complete presentations

2. 4th – 7th periods ONLY

1. Grade quizzes

3. Start notes on the Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming

The Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming8th Grade Science

What is global warming?

How Global Warming Works

Fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas)

Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

The Sun’s energy passes through the car’s windshield.

This energy (heat) is trapped inside the car and cannot pass back through the windshield, causing the inside of the car to warm up.

Example of the Greenhouse Effect

What’s the difference between “global warming” and “climate

change”?

DifferenceGLOBAL WARMING

is the increase of the Earth’s average surface temperature due to a build-up of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

CLIMATE CHANGE is a broader term that

refers to long-term changes in climate, including average temperature and precipitation.

Effects of Global WarmingIncreased Temperature

Habitat Damage and

Species Affected

Changes in Water Supply

Rising Sea Level

What’s the proof that global warming is taking place?

Portage Glacier

1914 2004

• Alaska

Photos: NOAA Photo Collection and Gary Braasch – WorldViewOfGlobalWarming.org

Colorado River

• Arizona

June 2002 Dec 2003

Why is global warming happening?

Burning of Fossil Fuels

Pollution from coal, natural gas, and oilPollution from coal, natural gas, and oilPollution from coal, natural gas, and oil

When did global warming start?

Global Atmospheric Concentration of CO2

What is carbon dioxide and how is it discovered?

Joseph Black, a Scottish chemist and physician, first identified carbon dioxide in the 1750s. At room temperatures (20-25 oC), carbon dioxide is an odourless, colorless gas, which is faintly acidic and non-flammable. Carbon dioxide is a molecule with the molecular formula CO2. The linear molecule consists of a carbon atom that is doubly bonded to two oxygen atoms, O=C=O.

Applications of carbon dioxide by humans

Humans use carbon dioxide in many different ways. The most familiar example is its use in soft drinks and rootbeer, to make them fizzy. Carbon dioxide released by baking powder or yeast makes cake batter rise. Some fire extinguishers use carbon dioxide because it is denser than air. Carbon dioxide can blanket a fire, because of its heaviness.

The part carbon dioxide plays in environmental processes

• Carbon dioxide plays an important part in vital plant and animal process, such as photosynthesis and respiration.

Environmental problems - the greenhouse effect

• Greenhouse gasses absorb some of the heat and trap it near the earth's surface, so that the earth is warmed up.

• This process, commonly known as the greenhouse effect.• The amount of heat in the troposphere depends on

concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gasses and the amount of time these gasses remain in the atmosphere.

• The most important greenhouse gasses are carbon dioxide, CFC's (Chlor-Fluoro-Carbons), nitrogen oxides and methane.

Carbon dioxide and health

The primary health dangers of carbon dioxide are:- Asphyxiation. Caused by the release of carbon dioxide in a confined or unventilated area. This can lower the concentration of oxygen to a level that is immediately dangerous for human health.- Frostbite. Solid carbon dioxide is always below -78 oC at regular atmospheric pressure, regardless of the air temperature. Handling this material for more than a second or two without proper protection can cause serious blisters, and other unwanted effects. Carbon dioxide gas released from a steel cylinder, such as a fire extinguisher, causes similar effects.- Kidney damage or coma. This is caused by a disturbance in chemical equilibrium of the carbonate buffer. When carbon dioxide concentrations increase or decrease, causing the equilibrium to be disturbed, a life threatening situation may occur.

How is global warming measured?

Ice Core DataIce Core Data

COCO22 Measurements Before 1958 - Antarctica Measurements Before 1958 - Antarctica

CO2 Atmospheric Measurements

CO2 Measurements Since 1958 – Mauna Loa, Hawaii

Temperature (Northern Hemisphere) CO2 Concentrations

1000 Years of CO2 and Global Warming

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Global Warming:Global Warming:

Shifting GearsShifting Gears

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Goal: Reductions in CO2 Per Year

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Produce electricity efficientlyUse electricity efficientlyVehicle efficiencySolar and Wind PowerBiofuelsCarbon capture and storage

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Our Goal

What’s being done now to reduce our emissions?

Solar Power Wind Power Fuel-Efficiency

We can stop global warming!

What can you do to help solve the What can you do to help solve the problem?problem?

Simple Things To Do

Turn off your computer or the TV when you’re not using it.

Take shorter showers. Heating water uses energy.

Keep rooms cool by closing the blinds, shades, or curtains.

Turn off the lights when you leave a room.

Use compact fluorescent bulbs.

Be Bulb Smart—Use CFLs

IncandescentCompact

Fluorescent

500 lbs. of coal

What’s the difference?

•1,430 lbs. CO2 pollution avoided •$30 saved

Simple Things To Do

Dress lightly when it’s hot instead of turning up

the air conditioning. Or use a fan.

Dress warmly when it’s cold instead of turning up the heat.

Offer to help your parents keep the air filters on

your AC and furnace clean.

Walk short distances instead of asking for a ride in the car.

Plant a tree. Recycle.