8 parts of speech.ppt
TRANSCRIPT
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Parts of Speech
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Why Learn Parts of Speech?
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Why Learn Parts of Speech?
They are the
building blocks of
English grammar.
Understanding and
applying a process
is learning to learn.
It is a foundation toimprove your writing.
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The Eight Parts of Speech
Nouns
Adjectives
ronouns !erbs
"onjunctions
repositions Adverbs
Interjections
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Nouns
Names of persons#
places# things#
feelings# or ideas.
E$ample%
&ohn has a new
car# and he parks on
the street under a
big tree in 'iler.
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Nouns
Names of persons#places# things# feelings#
or ideas.
(ften indicated by
)noun markers* ++
a# an# and the.
E$ample%
The boy on the
red bike hit abird
with arock at the
end of thelong
road.
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Nouns
Names of persons#places# things# feelings#
or ideas.
)Noun markers* ++a# an# and the.
Noun endings%
+ness# +ment# +ance#+ence# +ancy# +ency#
+ity# +ion# +ure.
E$ample%
,appinessis the
preferenceof every
actionand is the
tendencytoward
kindnessand
contentment.
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Nouns
Names of persons# places# things# feelings#or ideas.
)Noun markers* ++ a# an# and the. Noun endings% +ness# +ment# +ance# +ence#
+ancy# +ency# +ity# +ion# +ure.
"an be made plural with s or es.
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Verbs
The action or
)doing* words in a
sentence.
The horse ran#
jumped and kicked
until it threw the
rider.
-ost verbs make
sense in the blanks
below% ,e .
They .
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Verbs
The action or
)doing* words in a
sentence.
)/inking verbs* show
being.
E$ample%
0he is a nice
person# and we areher friends.
-emori1e the linking
verbs%
2e# am# is# are# was#
were# been# being.
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Verbs
The action or
)doing* words in a
sentence.
)/inking verbs* show
being.
"hange to show
time 3tense4.
E$ample%
Today I am on a bus#
and it goes past my
house.
5esterday I was on a
bus# and it went past
my house.The words that change
are verbs.
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Verbs
The action or )doing*
words in a sentence.
)/inking verbs* show
being.
"hange to show time
3tense4.
"omplete verbsinclude )helping
verbs.*
Always helping verbs% "an 6ill 0hall -ay
"ould 6ould 0hould -ight
-ust
Always verbs# may be
helping%
,ave# has# had
7o# does# did# done 2e# am# is# are# was#
were# been# being
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Verbs
The action or )doing*
words in a sentence.
)/inking verbs* show
being.
"hange to show time
3tense4.
"omplete verbsinclude )helping
verbs.*
E$ample%
They might have
been going to thestore if they could
have gotten a ride.
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Verbs
The action or )doing* words in a
sentence.
)/inking verbs* show being.
"hange to show time 3tense4.
"omplete verbs include )helpingverbs.*
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Adjectives
7escribe or modify
only nouns.
E$ample%
A big# red dump
truckhit a parked
little carand the
worried driver ran
to the other sideof
the busy street.
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Adjectives
7escribe or modify only
nouns.
Answer 8uestions#
what kind? orhow many?
E$ample%
The three tired teens
tried to eat a large pie
at two pi11a parlors. ,ow many teens9 three
6hat kind of teens9 tired
6hat kind of pie9 large
,ow many parlors9 two 6hat kind of parlors9 pi11a
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Adjectives
7escribe or modify only
nouns.
Answer 8uestions#
what kind? or howmany?
The )noun markers*
a, an, the are
always adjectives.
E$ample%
Theway to asmile
and anappreciativeattitude is through
thestomach.
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Adjectives
7escribe or modify only
nouns.
Answer 8uestions#
what kind? or howmany?
The )noun markers* a,
an, the are always
adjectives. Usually )piled up*
before nouns.
E$ample%
The long# shiny
black limousinepulled in front of the
huge old mansion#
and a tall# well+
dressed oldergentleman got out.
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Adjectives
7escribe or modify only
nouns.
Answer 8uestions# what
kind? or how many?
The )noun markers* a, an,
the are always adjectives.
Usually )piled up* before
nouns.
-ay follow linking verbsand describe the
subject.
E$ample%
The river is deep#
wide and cold# butthe divers are brave
and well+trained.
Note% to test these# try
putting them in front of
the noun they modify.
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Adjectives
7escribe or modify only nouns.
Answer 8uestions# what kind? or how
many? The )noun markers* a, an, the are always
adjectives.
Usually )piled up* before nouns. -ay follow linking verbs and describe the
subject.
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Adverbs
7escribe verbs#
adjectives# or other
adverbs.
0he 8uickly ranranto
her e$tremelytiredtiredfriend and hugged
him very tightlytightly.
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Adverbs
7escribe verbs#
adjectives# or other
adverbs.
Answer the adverb
8uestions% ,ow9
6hen9 6here9
6hy9 Under whatconditions9
0oon the very able
pilot confidently flew
west# and thus he
almost crashed..
6hen9 soon
6here9 west
,ow9 very#confidently6hy9 thus
6hat conditions9 almost
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Adverbs
7escribe verbs# adjectives#
or other adverbs.
Answer the adverb
8uestions% ,ow9 6hen96here9 6hy9 Under what
conditions9
(ften end in :ly
3e$cept for fast# well#
hard# far;4
E$ample%
The e$tremely hungry
animal howled eerily inthe especially dark
night.
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Adverbs
7escribe verbs# adjectives#
or other adverbs.
Answer the adverb
8uestions% ,ow9 6hen9
6here9 6hy9 Under what
conditions9
(ften end in +ly
Always adverbs% not
very# often# here#almost# always# never#
there
E$ample%
6e do not very often
want them here# forthey are always late
and almost never want
to go there with us.
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Adverbs
7escribe verbs# adjectives# or other
adverbs.
Answer the adverb 8uestions% ,ow9 6hen96here9 6hy9 Under what conditions9
(ften end in :ly 3e$cept for fast# well# hard#
far;4
Always adverbs% not very# often# here#
almost# always# never# there
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Pronouns
0peciali1ed words to
take the place of
nouns.
E$ample%
aul gave Emily
stationery because
he wanted her to
write to him when
she could.
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Pronouns
0peciali1ed words to
take the place of
nouns.
(ften refer to people
and have several
forms.
-emori1e%
I he we she they
me him us her them
(ther common
pronouns%
you# it# this# that# who#
what# someone#
everything# anyone#
and many other similar
words.
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Pronouns
0peciali1ed words to
take the place of nouns.
(ften refer to people
and have several forms. -ay be possessive#
showing ownership
and working like an
adjective.
E$ample%
,er red car is faster
than my old 'ord# but
their new ,onda costmore than ours.
Note the form%
I he we she they
me him us her them
my his our hers theirs
(thers% yours# its# whose
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Pronouns
0peciali1ed words to take the place of
nouns.
(ften refer to people and have severalforms.
-ay be possessive# showing ownership
and working like an adjective.
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Prepositions
0peciali1ed words to
start prepositional
phrases.
A prepositional phrase
is a group of words
describing things
which starts with apreposition and ends
with a noun or pronoun.
The manon the buson the bus
with a hatwith a hat on hison his
headhead looked at meat me
and turnedtowardtoward
the windowthe window..
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Prepositions
0peciali1ed words to
start prepositional
phrases.
-ost prepositions
are small# common
words indicating
time# place# directionor position.
-emory clue%
The rabbit went
the hollow log. -emori1e%
at# from# to# on# in#
into# onto# between#
under# over# against#
around# through
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Prepositions
0peciali1ed words to
start prepositional
phrases.
-ost prepositions aresmall# common words
indicating time# place#
direction or position.
0ome prepositionssimply must be
memori1ed.
E$ample%
The problemwith himwith him
is that he sleepsduring the dayduring the day and
spends mostof theof the
nightnight with his friendswith his friends..
-emori1e%
of# with# for# duringof# with# for# during
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Prepositions
0peciali1ed words to start prepositional
phrases.
-ost prepositions are small# commonwords indicating time# place# direction or
position.
0ome prepositions simply must bememori1ed.
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Conjunctions
6ords which )hook*
words# phrases# or
sentences.
-emory clue% 'AN 2(50..
''oror 22utut
AAndnd ((rr
NNoror 55etet 00oo
E$ample%
0he and I left# but they
stayed# for &oe or Tedwas coming on the
bus# yet not on time.
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Conjunctions
6ords which )hook
together* words#
phrases# or sentences.
0ome conjunctionsonly hook clauses.
They include%
when# as# if# since#
because# while# after#
although# before
E$ample%
I ran when I saw her
because I was happysince she was home.
-emory clue%
0he is cute shesmiles.
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Conjunctions
6ords which )hook together* words#
phrases# or sentences.
0ome conjunctions only hook clauses.
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nterjections
6ords which show
emotion or are
)fillers* with no other
function.
E$ample%
(h# I am surprised# but
please don