7.antiviral drugs

BYBY

Dr. Dr. SAMINATHAN KAYAROHANAMSAMINATHAN KAYAROHANAM

M.PHARM, M.B.A, PhDM.PHARM, M.B.A, PhD

ANTIVIRAL DRUGS

1

7

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NUM CONTENT SLIDE

1 1 INTRODUCTION TO VIRUS 4

2 2 THE STRUCTURE OF VIRUSES 5-7

3 3 VIRUSES SIZE COMPARISON BETWEEN E.COLI 8

4 4 TYPE OF VIRUS (RNA VIRUS) (DNA VIRUS) 9,10

5 5 CLASSIFICATION OF ANTIVIRAL DRUGS 11

6 6 MECHANISM OF ANTIVIRAL AGENTS 12

7 7 MECHANISM OF SELECTED ANTIVIRAL AGENTS 13-15

8 8 HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL (HIV) THERAPY (HAART)

16

9 9 DRUGS USED TO PREVENT HIV FROM REPLICATING

10 10 TOXIC EFFECT OF PROTEASE INHIBITORS/ANTIVIRAL DRUG

19-22

3 Con…

LEARNING OUTCOME

1. Describe and understand the virus and structure of virus.

2. Able to understand the types of viruses.

3. List the classification of drugs used to treat virus infections.

4. Abele to demonstrate the general mechanism of antivirus drugs.

5. Describe the adverse drug reaction of antiviral drugs.

6. Able to understand the antivirus available drugs and dose in the market.

4

1.INTRODUCTION TO VIRUS

Virion size range is ~10-400 nm

All virions contain a nucleocapsid which is composed of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) and a protein coat (capsid)

Some viruses consist only of a nucleocapsid, others have additional components

Envelopes• virions having envelopes

= enveloped viruses• virions lacking envelopes

= naked viruses

Dr.K.Saminathan.M.Pharm, M.B.A, Ph.D

5

2.THE STRUCTURE OF VIRUSES

Con…

CYTOMEGALOVIRUS

Many viruses that infect humans and other animals are enveloped.

Envelopes form when viral glycoproteins and oligosaccharides associate with the plasma membrane of the host cell.

All envelopes have a phospholipid bilayer.


2.VIRAL ENVELOPES

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Envelopes vary in:SizeMorphologyComplexityComposition

Con…Dr.K.Saminathan.M.Pharm, M.B.A, Ph.D

2.GENOMIC PACKAGING

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Genome packaging has an important role in the infection.

Viral genomes are packaged in one of three ways:• Directly in the capsid-inner side of the

protein coat• Enclosed in special proteins-nucleic acid

binding protein• Enclosed in proteins from the host cell


3.VIRUSES SIZE COMPARISON BETWEEN E.COLI

8Dr.K.Saminathan.M.Pharm, M.B.A, Ph.D

9

4.TYPE OF VIRUS (RNA VIRUS)


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4.TYPE OF VIRUS (DNA VIRUS)


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4.TYPE OF VIRUS (DNA VIRUS)


12

5.CLASSIFICATION OF ANTIVIRAL DRUGS

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6.MECHANISM OF ANTIVIRAL AGENTS


7.MECHANISM OF SELECTED ANTIVIRAL AGENTS

Con…14


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7.MECHANISM OF SELECTED ANTIVIRAL AGENTS


8.HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL (HIV) THERAPY (HAART)

16 4Dr.K.Saminathan.M.Pharm, M.B.A, Ph.D

9.DRUGS USED TO PREVENT HIV FROM REPLICATING

Con…17 Dr.K.Saminathan.M.Pharm, M.B.A, Ph.D

9.DRUGS USED TO PREVENT HIV FROM REPLICATING


10.TOXIC EFFECT OF PROTEASE INHIBITORS/ANTIVIRAL DRUG


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HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS TO ABACAVIR

SOME ADVERSE EFFECTS OF THE HIV PROTEASE INHIBITORS


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ADVERSE REACTIONS OF EFAVIRENZ

ADVERSE REACTIONS OF NUCLEOSIDE ANALOGS


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ADMINISTRATION, METABOLISM, AND TOXICITY OF ZIDOVUDINE (AZT) DIDANOSINE


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7.antiviral drugs

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