74 howard simons, government and national security...
TRANSCRIPT
74 Howard Simons Government and National Security OTPbIBOK H3 ~oKna~a Ha Cbe3~e AMepHKaHcKoro oomecTBa pe~aKToshypOB ra3eT ony(5nHKoBaHHbIA B Editor amp Publisher Apr 26 1986
75 Bok Secrets p 208
76 CIA Weighs Action on Washington Post Article New York Times May 22 1986 CIA Director Urges Inquiry on NBC Broadcast New York Times May 20 1986 The Casey Offensive Columbia Journalism Review 25 no 2 (JulyAug 1986)
77 Columbia Journalism Review 19
78 Jim Anderson The Pot Calls the Kettle Black Washington Post May II 1986
79 Administration is Accused of Deceiving Press on Libya Schultz Justifies Scaring Qaddafi By Us of Press News Execushytives Express Outrage New York Times Oct 3 1986 Spokesman Quits State Department Post on Deception Issue New York Times Oct 9 1986
80 Lesson on Flacking for Government New York Times Aug 30 1984
81 Mike Royko Blowing the Whistle on a Loud Silence at NASA Orlando Sentinel March 11 1986
82 Anthony Marro When the Government Tells Lies Columbia Journalism Review 23 no 6 (March-April 1985) Drew Middleton Barring Reporters from the Battlefield New York Times Magazine Feb 5 1984 36-37 61 69 92 Coverage Efforts Thwarted News Media and the Law JanFeb 1984
83 Pentagon Activates Press Pool to Cover Libya Bombing Press time May 1986 69
84 Christopher H Little Newspaper Law and Fairness 16-18
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138
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140 141
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142 143
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148
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149
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118 119
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120 121
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123122
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126
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127
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3peBaeMoMY npeqoCTaBJIsI1[ TOMY B03MO)KHOCTb onpaBqaTbCll H
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HanpaBJIeHHHM TaK qTO ~HarmCT H~aeTCll B CaMOAHcnHnshy
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HaJIHCT He MO)KeT 3HaTb Bcem nOSTOMY OqeHb B3)KHO scpcpeKshy
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Korqa He npeHeoperaTh MHeHH1lMH CnenHarIHCTOB KOTopble MOshy
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146 147
MaJIO ITO 0 HeH 3HaeTe H~e ee KOHKypeHTa KOTOPbUi
COrJIaCHTCSI C BaMII COTpygHlfCIaTb H KOTOPOM BbI MO)l(eTe noshy
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5eHHOCTSlMH pa50TbI rrOn05HbIX rrpenrrpHSlTHH Xen)I(ec
peKOMeHnyeT 5e3 CTpaxa 05paII(aTbcSI 3a rrOMO~IO K 5aHKHpaM
5yxraJITepaM 5Hp)l(eBbIM 5pOKepaM H IOpHCTaM K~Ui H3
HHX - CrrenHaJIHCT B CBoeH oooaCTH H MHorne C rOTOBHOCTbIO
OTKJIHKHYTCSI Ha rrpocb5y 0 rrOMOInH eCJIH rrpocSIIIJHH 0TKp0shy
BeHHO rrpH3HaeTCSI ITO eM He XBaTaeT KOMIIeTeHTHOCTH
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He TOJIbKO aHOHHMHbIH 3BOHOK HO rrpaKTlfCIeCKH JII050e COshy
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CBeneHHSI a He TO oTKyna OHH rrOCTYIIHJIH PerropTep rrpOBepSlshy
eT ltpaKTWleCKHe naHHble KaKOB 5bI HH 5bIJI HX HCTOlHHK
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Ty Tyn3H B ThTYCBHJIJIe OH rrpHHec KcepoKoIIHH TpexcOT
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148
PerropTep 5b1cTpo 05Hap~ ITO KBHTaHnHH 5b1JIH BbIshy
nHcaHbI Ha HMSI roponcKHX lHHOBHHKOB rrOJIHTHKOB 5aHKOBCKHX
CJIY)IaInHX - lJIeHOB 3arOpOnHOro KJIY5a rne COCTOSIJI H IIIeltj)
rrOJIHnHH a TaK)l(e HX neTeH CTporo rOBopSl pacnopIDKeHHSI Hashy
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npOTHB03aKOHHbIMH HO HX 050CHOBaHHOCTb BbIrJISIneJIa SlBHO
COMHHTeJIbHoH PerropTep Orry5JIHKOBaJI CBOH BbmOnhI H Iepe3
HeCKOJIbKO MeCSIIJeB HaIaJIbHHK rrOJIHnHH rrOTepSlJI CBOIO nOJI)l(shy
HOCTb
Te KTO B035~aeT cyne5HbIe HCKH HepenKO C006InaIOT
perrOpTepaM Kyna 50JIbIIIe CBeneHHH IeM nOSIBJISleTCSI B oltpH-
nHaJIbHbIX rrpOTOKOJIax ltIgtHPMa rron03peBaIOInaSI ITO rrpHshy
5blJIbHbIH rocynapCTBeHHbIH KOHTpaKT MOleT yrrJIbITh y Hee
H3 pyK rrOCKOJIbKY KOHKypeHTbI naJIH KOM HanO Ha JIarry
CKopee Bcero C rOTOBHOCTbIO noneJIHTCSI 3THMH CBeneHHSIMH C
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mo5HTeJIeH CJIYXOB KOTopbIe na)I(e He Bcerna OC03HaIOT ITO MOshy
rYT npHIHHHTb HerrpHSlTHOCTH c05CTBeHHOMY HalaJIbCTBY
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BHYIIIaIOInHe nOBepHSI XOTSI HHorna H conep)l(aInHe peaJIbHble
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CTOSlHHO rOHSIIOTCSI 3a HOBbIMH CIIJIemSlMH I1x pBeHHe He fiY)I(shy
naeTCSI B orrJIaTe H rronqac K HHM CTOHT 05paTHTbCSI IT05bI rroshy
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TaKHM HHltj)opMaTOpaM CJIenyeT OTHOCHTbCSI KPaHHe OCTOPO)I(HO
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neHTKa KOHcepBaTOpHH co05InHJIa ITO 0nHH H3 rrpoltj)eccopoB
5YKBaJIbHO 3aCTaBJISleT ee 5paTb norrOJIHHTeJIbHbIe YPOKH H rrJIashy
THTb 3a HHX JlHlIIHHe COTHH nOJIJIapoB )l(YPHaJIHCTCKOe pacshy
149
Cne~OBa1H1e OOHapYlKHnO TITO 3THM 3aHHMaJIHCb H ~pyrne npeshy
no~aBaTeJIH OT Iero rrOCTpa~aJIH ~eCHTKH CT~eHTOB
ECTb MHoro ~pyrnx MOTHBOB rro KOTOPbIM mo~ ~eJI5ITCH
HHcpopMalHeM - OOH~a MeCTb KOpblCTb H TOMY rrO~OOHoe
YBOJIeHHblM HJIH o60~eHHbrn Harpa~OM IHHOBHHK HJIH nOJIHTHK
gtKeJIaIOmHM CBeCTH ClleThI C KOHKypeHTaMH MOgtKeT OXOTHO 00shy
maTbCH C perropTepOM rrpOHBJIHIOmHM HHTepec K ero paCCKashy
3aM OTHIO~b He Bce rrO~TBep~aeTCH HO YCHJIeHHO lHPKYJIHshy
pyroIlHe CJlYXH OOblIHO 3aCJIYlKHBaIOT npOBepKH - ~IMa oe3
OrHH He ObmaeT
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perropTepy ToproBbIe areHThI He ~OOHBlliHeCH KOHTPaKTOB H
ooypeBaeMbIe gtKeJIaHHeM HaCOJIHTb KOHKypeHTaM liIMeHHO rro
TaKHM CHrHaJIaM BblmeJI Ha HHTepeCHbIM CJIe~ perropTep O~OM
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yCJIyrH Ha y~HBHTeJIbHbIM 06pa30M CXO~HbIX YCJIOBHHX OKashy
3aJIOCb ITO KOHTOPbI 3THX CPHPM pacnOnOgtKeHbI B O~OM II
TOM gtKe 3~aHIm a HX MeHerpKepbI HMeJIH MHOrOIHCJIeHHbIe 00shy
mHe ~CJIOBbIe HHTepeCbI Ka)K]lbIH MeHe~ep rrpH rro~aIe 3aHBshy
KH B nHCbMeHHOM cpopMe 3aHBHJI TITO HH C KeM He ~orOBapHshy
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MeIe~gtKe-Pbl BCTynHJIH ~pyr C ~pyroM B TaMHblM crOBOp -
HapymcHHe 3aKOHa HaKa3yeMoe mTpaltpOM HJIH TIOpeMHbIM
3aKJIIOIeHHeM
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paCCJIe~OBaHHH - rocy~apCTBeHHble CyOCII~ TbICHIH TaKHX
CyOCH~M pacnpe~eJIHIOTCSI eKero~o npIIIeM Ka~aSl II3 HHX
BbI~eJISleTCSI Ha onpe~eJIeHHbIX YCJIOBH5IX II p~ onpe~eJIeHshy
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150
3AIIUITA KOHCbH)JEHlJIIAJIbHOCfH HCfOQHHKOB
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neHH 3aBHCHT OT OTHomeHIIM penopTepa C TeMH KTO ~eJIHTCH C
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HX HMeHa OCTamICb Hepa3rJIarneHHblMH HYKHO II30eraTb JIIOshy
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KOHeIHO HH O~IIH nOCTaBmHK ~HaJIIICTCKOM HHCPOpshy
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KypHaJIHCT He MOgtKeT ero rapaHTIIpOBaTb HanpHMep cy~S1 MOshy
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npHIeM B Harne BpeMH TaKIIe paCnOpSIKeHHSI OT~aIOTCSI Iame
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npeIIe~eHTaMH 3Toro po~a II ObITb B Kypce pacnpOCTpaHeHHbIX
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npaBy cpe~CTB MaCCOBOH HHltpOPMaIIIIII ooeperaTb TaMMy aHOshy
HHMHbIX HCTOIHHKOB B HeKOTopbIX CJIYIaSIX 3aKOH pa3pemaeT
He pa3rJIaIIIaTh HX HMeHa HO TaK ObmaeT ~aJIeKO He Bcer~a
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nOJIYIeHHbIX OT aHOHHMHoro OCBe~OMHTeJISI C nocne~CTBIIshy
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Ha3BaTh ero HMSI TIyqmaH CTpaTernH COCTOHT B TOM TITOObI He
CTaBIITb B YSl3BHMOe nOJIOKeHIIe HH caMoro ~pHamICTa HH ero
HHcpopMaTOpOB H~o npHJIOlKHTb MaKCIIMYM YCIIJIHH TITOObI
no~ep~b nyOJIHKyeMble MaTepIIaJIbI nocpe~cTBoM 0ltpIIIIHshy
aJIbHbIX ~oKyMeHToB H ~yrHX no~ooHbIX HCTOIHIIKOB lJaKe
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151
PerropTepa KOTOPbIH YHWITO)l(aeT HJill rrepe~eJIbmaeT 3a-middot
IIHCH nOclle TOrO KaK OHH OqJHWIaJIbHO 3aTPeOOBaHbI OpraHClMH
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MOJIO~IX perrOPTepOB
rI0 TeX rrop rrOKa Bac He OCBOOO~HT OT OTBeTCTBeHHOCTH
3a 3aIWITY CBOHX KOHcp~eHWIaJIbHbIX HCTOlHHKOB HM BClMH
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fl3~aTeJIb MO)l(eT B3HTb Ha ceOH paCXO~I HO CpOK BaM rrp~eTshy
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152 153
mITh HaIaJIbCTBY H npOCTO HeAOBOJIbHble KOTopble OXOTHO
nOAeJISITCSI TeM ITO 3HaIOT
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137
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138
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139
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140 141
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148
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138
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140 141
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142 143
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148
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149
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127
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148
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perrOpTepaM Kyna 50JIbIIIe CBeneHHH IeM nOSIBJISleTCSI B oltpH-
nHaJIbHbIX rrpOTOKOJIax ltIgtHPMa rron03peBaIOInaSI ITO rrpHshy
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149
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150
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151
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146 147
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148
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npOTHB03aKOHHbIMH HO HX 050CHOBaHHOCTb BbIrJISIneJIa SlBHO
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perrOpTepaM Kyna 50JIbIIIe CBeneHHH IeM nOSIBJISleTCSI B oltpH-
nHaJIbHbIX rrpOTOKOJIax ltIgtHPMa rron03peBaIOInaSI ITO rrpHshy
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149
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150
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151
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146 147
MaJIO ITO 0 HeH 3HaeTe H~e ee KOHKypeHTa KOTOPbUi
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HHX - CrrenHaJIHCT B CBoeH oooaCTH H MHorne C rOTOBHOCTbIO
OTKJIHKHYTCSI Ha rrpocb5y 0 rrOMOInH eCJIH rrpocSIIIJHH 0TKp0shy
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He TOJIbKO aHOHHMHbIH 3BOHOK HO rrpaKTlfCIeCKH JII050e COshy
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Ty Tyn3H B ThTYCBHJIJIe OH rrpHHec KcepoKoIIHH TpexcOT
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148
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npOTHB03aKOHHbIMH HO HX 050CHOBaHHOCTb BbIrJISIneJIa SlBHO
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Te KTO B035~aeT cyne5HbIe HCKH HepenKO C006InaIOT
perrOpTepaM Kyna 50JIbIIIe CBeneHHH IeM nOSIBJISleTCSI B oltpH-
nHaJIbHbIX rrpOTOKOJIax ltIgtHPMa rron03peBaIOInaSI ITO rrpHshy
5blJIbHbIH rocynapCTBeHHbIH KOHTpaKT MOleT yrrJIbITh y Hee
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149
Cne~OBa1H1e OOHapYlKHnO TITO 3THM 3aHHMaJIHCb H ~pyrne npeshy
no~aBaTeJIH OT Iero rrOCTpa~aJIH ~eCHTKH CT~eHTOB
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HHcpopMalHeM - OOH~a MeCTb KOpblCTb H TOMY rrO~OOHoe
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perropTepy ToproBbIe areHThI He ~OOHBlliHeCH KOHTPaKTOB H
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150
3AIIUITA KOHCbH)JEHlJIIAJIbHOCfH HCfOQHHKOB
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151
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148
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perrOpTepaM Kyna 50JIbIIIe CBeneHHH IeM nOSIBJISleTCSI B oltpH-
nHaJIbHbIX rrpOTOKOJIax ltIgtHPMa rron03peBaIOInaSI ITO rrpHshy
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149
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150
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151
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138
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140 141
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144 145
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146 147
MaJIO ITO 0 HeH 3HaeTe H~e ee KOHKypeHTa KOTOPbUi
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148
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perrOpTepaM Kyna 50JIbIIIe CBeneHHH IeM nOSIBJISleTCSI B oltpH-
nHaJIbHbIX rrpOTOKOJIax ltIgtHPMa rron03peBaIOInaSI ITO rrpHshy
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149
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paCCJIe~OBaHHH - rocy~apCTBeHHble CyOCII~ TbICHIH TaKHX
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150
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151
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137
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138
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139
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140 141
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138
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139
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140 141
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142 143
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144 145
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146 147
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148
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nHaJIbHbIX rrpOTOKOJIax ltIgtHPMa rron03peBaIOInaSI ITO rrpHshy
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149
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150
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151
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148
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npOTHB03aKOHHbIMH HO HX 050CHOBaHHOCTb BbIrJISIneJIa SlBHO
COMHHTeJIbHoH PerropTep Orry5JIHKOBaJI CBOH BbmOnhI H Iepe3
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Te KTO B035~aeT cyne5HbIe HCKH HepenKO C006InaIOT
perrOpTepaM Kyna 50JIbIIIe CBeneHHH IeM nOSIBJISleTCSI B oltpH-
nHaJIbHbIX rrpOTOKOJIax ltIgtHPMa rron03peBaIOInaSI ITO rrpHshy
5blJIbHbIH rocynapCTBeHHbIH KOHTpaKT MOleT yrrJIbITh y Hee
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149
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150
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151
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152 153
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qOJIJIapOB Ha 3aKYITKH HeOOXOAHMOCTb KOTOPbIX He OqeBHAHa
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STOT )Ke qlfHOBHHK CHCTeMaTlfqeCKH 3anYCKan JIany B OOrneCTshy
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3peBaeMoMY npeqoCTaBJIsI1[ TOMY B03MO)KHOCTb onpaBqaTbCll H
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MeTOAHqIIO CHCTeMaTH3HpOBaTb cBeqeHH1l H HMeTb AJIH K3)Kshy
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146 147
MaJIO ITO 0 HeH 3HaeTe H~e ee KOHKypeHTa KOTOPbUi
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5eHHOCTSlMH pa50TbI rrOn05HbIX rrpenrrpHSlTHH Xen)I(ec
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5yxraJITepaM 5Hp)l(eBbIM 5pOKepaM H IOpHCTaM K~Ui H3
HHX - CrrenHaJIHCT B CBoeH oooaCTH H MHorne C rOTOBHOCTbIO
OTKJIHKHYTCSI Ha rrpocb5y 0 rrOMOInH eCJIH rrpocSIIIJHH 0TKp0shy
BeHHO rrpH3HaeTCSI ITO eM He XBaTaeT KOMIIeTeHTHOCTH
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He TOJIbKO aHOHHMHbIH 3BOHOK HO rrpaKTlfCIeCKH JII050e COshy
05IneHHe rrpWleM rJIaBHYIO pOJIb HrpaIOT HMeHHO rronyqeHHble
CBeneHHSI a He TO oTKyna OHH rrOCTYIIHJIH PerropTep rrpOBepSlshy
eT ltpaKTWleCKHe naHHble KaKOB 5bI HH 5bIJI HX HCTOlHHK
IIOJIYlHB HHltpopManHIO gtKypHaJIHCT nOJI)I(eH OneHHTb
HMeHHO HHltP0PMaIJHIO a He MOTHBbI cy5beKTa OT KOTOPOro OHa
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rrpocTo YCTaB OT pa3rnJIbnSlHCTBa 5IOpoKpaTH3Ma H MeJIKoA
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pa50TbI B rrOJIHnHH rrO)l(aJIOBaJICSI Ha CBoero HalaJIbHHKa B ra3eshy
Ty Tyn3H B ThTYCBHJIJIe OH rrpHHec KcepoKoIIHH TpexcOT
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5b1JIH aHHYJIHPOBaHbI no npHKa3y cTapIIIHX oltpHnepOB nOJImJHH
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148
PerropTep 5b1cTpo 05Hap~ ITO KBHTaHnHH 5b1JIH BbIshy
nHcaHbI Ha HMSI roponcKHX lHHOBHHKOB rrOJIHTHKOB 5aHKOBCKHX
CJIY)IaInHX - lJIeHOB 3arOpOnHOro KJIY5a rne COCTOSIJI H IIIeltj)
rrOJIHnHH a TaK)l(e HX neTeH CTporo rOBopSl pacnopIDKeHHSI Hashy
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npOTHB03aKOHHbIMH HO HX 050CHOBaHHOCTb BbIrJISIneJIa SlBHO
COMHHTeJIbHoH PerropTep Orry5JIHKOBaJI CBOH BbmOnhI H Iepe3
HeCKOJIbKO MeCSIIJeB HaIaJIbHHK rrOJIHnHH rrOTepSlJI CBOIO nOJI)l(shy
HOCTb
Te KTO B035~aeT cyne5HbIe HCKH HepenKO C006InaIOT
perrOpTepaM Kyna 50JIbIIIe CBeneHHH IeM nOSIBJISleTCSI B oltpH-
nHaJIbHbIX rrpOTOKOJIax ltIgtHPMa rron03peBaIOInaSI ITO rrpHshy
5blJIbHbIH rocynapCTBeHHbIH KOHTpaKT MOleT yrrJIbITh y Hee
H3 pyK rrOCKOJIbKY KOHKypeHTbI naJIH KOM HanO Ha JIarry
CKopee Bcero C rOTOBHOCTbIO noneJIHTCSI 3THMH CBeneHHSIMH C
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mo5HTeJIeH CJIYXOB KOTopbIe na)I(e He Bcerna OC03HaIOT ITO MOshy
rYT npHIHHHTb HerrpHSlTHOCTH c05CTBeHHOMY HalaJIbCTBY
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CTOSlHHO rOHSIIOTCSI 3a HOBbIMH CIIJIemSlMH I1x pBeHHe He fiY)I(shy
naeTCSI B orrJIaTe H rronqac K HHM CTOHT 05paTHTbCSI IT05bI rroshy
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TaKHM HHltj)opMaTOpaM CJIenyeT OTHOCHTbCSI KPaHHe OCTOPO)I(HO
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neHTKa KOHcepBaTOpHH co05InHJIa ITO 0nHH H3 rrpoltj)eccopoB
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THTb 3a HHX JlHlIIHHe COTHH nOJIJIapoB )l(YPHaJIHCTCKOe pacshy
149
Cne~OBa1H1e OOHapYlKHnO TITO 3THM 3aHHMaJIHCb H ~pyrne npeshy
no~aBaTeJIH OT Iero rrOCTpa~aJIH ~eCHTKH CT~eHTOB
ECTb MHoro ~pyrnx MOTHBOB rro KOTOPbIM mo~ ~eJI5ITCH
HHcpopMalHeM - OOH~a MeCTb KOpblCTb H TOMY rrO~OOHoe
YBOJIeHHblM HJIH o60~eHHbrn Harpa~OM IHHOBHHK HJIH nOJIHTHK
gtKeJIaIOmHM CBeCTH ClleThI C KOHKypeHTaMH MOgtKeT OXOTHO 00shy
maTbCH C perropTepOM rrpOHBJIHIOmHM HHTepec K ero paCCKashy
3aM OTHIO~b He Bce rrO~TBep~aeTCH HO YCHJIeHHO lHPKYJIHshy
pyroIlHe CJlYXH OOblIHO 3aCJIYlKHBaIOT npOBepKH - ~IMa oe3
OrHH He ObmaeT
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perropTepy ToproBbIe areHThI He ~OOHBlliHeCH KOHTPaKTOB H
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yCJIyrH Ha y~HBHTeJIbHbIM 06pa30M CXO~HbIX YCJIOBHHX OKashy
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3aKJIIOIeHHeM
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paCCJIe~OBaHHH - rocy~apCTBeHHble CyOCII~ TbICHIH TaKHX
CyOCH~M pacnpe~eJIHIOTCSI eKero~o npIIIeM Ka~aSl II3 HHX
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150
3AIIUITA KOHCbH)JEHlJIIAJIbHOCfH HCfOQHHKOB
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151
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146 147
MaJIO ITO 0 HeH 3HaeTe H~e ee KOHKypeHTa KOTOPbUi
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HHX - CrrenHaJIHCT B CBoeH oooaCTH H MHorne C rOTOBHOCTbIO
OTKJIHKHYTCSI Ha rrpocb5y 0 rrOMOInH eCJIH rrpocSIIIJHH 0TKp0shy
BeHHO rrpH3HaeTCSI ITO eM He XBaTaeT KOMIIeTeHTHOCTH
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He TOJIbKO aHOHHMHbIH 3BOHOK HO rrpaKTlfCIeCKH JII050e COshy
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eT ltpaKTWleCKHe naHHble KaKOB 5bI HH 5bIJI HX HCTOlHHK
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HMeHHO HHltP0PMaIJHIO a He MOTHBbI cy5beKTa OT KOTOPOro OHa
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148
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npOTHB03aKOHHbIMH HO HX 050CHOBaHHOCTb BbIrJISIneJIa SlBHO
COMHHTeJIbHoH PerropTep Orry5JIHKOBaJI CBOH BbmOnhI H Iepe3
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HOCTb
Te KTO B035~aeT cyne5HbIe HCKH HepenKO C006InaIOT
perrOpTepaM Kyna 50JIbIIIe CBeneHHH IeM nOSIBJISleTCSI B oltpH-
nHaJIbHbIX rrpOTOKOJIax ltIgtHPMa rron03peBaIOInaSI ITO rrpHshy
5blJIbHbIH rocynapCTBeHHbIH KOHTpaKT MOleT yrrJIbITh y Hee
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149
Cne~OBa1H1e OOHapYlKHnO TITO 3THM 3aHHMaJIHCb H ~pyrne npeshy
no~aBaTeJIH OT Iero rrOCTpa~aJIH ~eCHTKH CT~eHTOB
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HHcpopMalHeM - OOH~a MeCTb KOpblCTb H TOMY rrO~OOHoe
YBOJIeHHblM HJIH o60~eHHbrn Harpa~OM IHHOBHHK HJIH nOJIHTHK
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3aM OTHIO~b He Bce rrO~TBep~aeTCH HO YCHJIeHHO lHPKYJIHshy
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perropTepy ToproBbIe areHThI He ~OOHBlliHeCH KOHTPaKTOB H
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yCJIyrH Ha y~HBHTeJIbHbIM 06pa30M CXO~HbIX YCJIOBHHX OKashy
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TOM gtKe 3~aHIm a HX MeHerpKepbI HMeJIH MHOrOIHCJIeHHbIe 00shy
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150
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151
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148
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Te KTO B035~aeT cyne5HbIe HCKH HepenKO C006InaIOT
perrOpTepaM Kyna 50JIbIIIe CBeneHHH IeM nOSIBJISleTCSI B oltpH-
nHaJIbHbIX rrpOTOKOJIax ltIgtHPMa rron03peBaIOInaSI ITO rrpHshy
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149
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150
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151
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152 153
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156
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157
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157