7th Grade Grammar

Vocabulary and Notes

Grammar Lesson 21

• Vocab • Consul – official appointed by a government to look after the welfare

and commercial interests of its citizens who are in foreign countries

• Council – assembly of people convened for advice

• Counsel – to give advice

Progressive Verb Forms

• Six different verb tenses

• All six verb tenses have a progressive form

• Progressive form shows that action is continuing

• Present Progressive – am, is, or are + present participle (verb + ing)

• Past Progressive – was or were + present participle

• Future Progressive – shall be or will be + present participle

Progressive Verb Forms Cont.

• Present Perfect Progressive – has been or have been + present participle

• Past Perfect Progressive – had been + present participle

• Future Perfect Progressive – will/shall have been + present participle

Grammar Lesson 22

• Vocab• a- or an- -- a Greek prefix meaning not, without, or lacking

• Aerobic – refers to the presence of oxygen

• Anaerobic – without oxygen

• Phonic – means with sound

• Aphonic – without sound or silent

Linking Verbs

• Linking verbs link the subject to the rest of the predicate

• Linking verbs don’t show action or “help”

• Linking verbs connect a name or description to the subject• Jimmy Carter was President of the United States.

• Some verbs can be action or linking verbs.

Common Linking Verbs

• Is, am, are, was, were, be, being, been

• Look, feel, taste, smell, sound, seem, appear, grow, become, remain, stay

• To determine if it’s a linking verb:• Replace it with a form of “to be.” If it still makes sense, it’s a linking verb.

• Example: The fireman feels the heat of the fire.

• The fireman is the heat of the fire. (Not a linking verb.)

• The fireman feels sad. (The fireman is sad. Feels is a linking verb here.)

Grammar Lesson 23

• Vocab• To lie – to recline, rest, or remain

• Past tense of lie is lay

• To lay – to put or place something

• Past tense of lay is laid

The Infinitive

• Infinitives are verbals.

• It’s made up of the basic form of the verb and is usually preceded by the preposition “to.”

• Infinitives can act as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs.

• See board for how to diagram infinitives.